1235:
1032:
2554:. For explanation of the distinction between national flags and monarchical badges or blazons of arms see Chapter I: "... a nation needs emblems and symbols to preserve traditions and inspire love of country. Of these symbols, the coat of arms and the flag are the chief." Charles Frederick Hamilton, Assistant Comptroller, R.C.M.P (1921) "The function of a flag is to send the simple message of identity. The function of arms is to dignify an individual, or institution, or country by special identifying symbolism and by appropriate reference to ancestry." John Ross Matheson,
569:
142:
2075:
For the first generation or so it would be an advantage, in view of our natural weakness, to have a ruler who linked us with a dominant
European power, and thereafter, when we were better prepared to stand alone, or when it might be undesirable that our ruler should turn by personal choice to one power rather than be guided by what was most natural and beneficial for our country, the ruler of that time would have become completely Irish.
1906:
2001:. The kings successively and their advisers and governments in the United Kingdom were fully aware that the republican intent of the representatives of the Irish Free State was in marked contrast to the intent of the governments of certain other dominions, such as Canada. and such differences were manifested in this period in the design and use of flags and other national symbols for the Irish Free State and other dominions.
4049:
1329:
4060:
4037:
2558:(Boston G.K. Hall, 1980), p. 7. "Canada's flag serves to identify something Canadian. More specialized in its use, Canada's arms identify national authority and jurisdiction. Leaving aside strictly decorative uses of either, the flag is used wherever one wishes to make the simple statement: Canada or Canadian; the arms only where the authority of the nation is asserted." Alistair B. Fraser, 1998, op.cit.
43:
192:. In practice, conquered territory was divided amongst various Anglo-Norman noble families who assumed title over both the land and the people with the prior Irish inhabitants being either displaced or subjugated under the previously alien system of serfdom. Though the revolutionary change in the status quo was undeniable, the Anglo-Norman invaders would fail to conquer many of the
4070:
339:
2431:, Ireland's only remaining link with the crown had been the accreditation of diplomats. The president of Ireland was the head of state. When opposition deputies asked de Valera whether Ireland was a republicâa favorite pastime in the mid-1940sâhe tended to resort to dictionary definitions showing that Ireland had all the attributes of a republic."
1509:, which provided that the monarch recognised by Britain and the rest of the Commonwealth could represent the Irish Free State "for the purposes of the appointment of diplomatic and consular representatives and the conclusion of international agreements" when authorised to do so by the Irish government. The following year, a new
1620:
431:
the ninth-century assumption of the title of "ri Erenn" was a first step towards the definition of a national kingship and a territorially-based Irish realm. Yet change only gained ground after the stranglehold of UĂ NĂ©ill power-structures was broken in the eleventh century. ... The renaming of
2477:
Ireland reluctantly remained a member of the
Commonwealth as Irish citizens remained British Subjects. However, Irish representatives stopped attending Commonwealth meetings in 1937 and Ireland adopted a position of neutrality in World War II. Ireland became a Republic in 1949 and formally left the
422:
has noted that "Annal evidence from the late eighth century in
Ireland suggests that the larger provincial kingships were already accruing power at the expense of smaller political units. Leading kings appear in public roles at church-state proclamations ... and at royal conferences with their
2074:
would flow from the head of the state downwards, for what was
English would be foreign to the head of the state. He would naturally turn to those who were more Irish and Gaelic, as to his friends, for the non-nationalist element in our country had shown themselves to be so bitterly anti-German ...
1446:
proposed that, as a result of the establishment of the Irish Free State, the title of the king should be changed to 'George V, by the Grace of God, of Great
Britain, Ireland, and the British Dominions beyond the seas King, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India.'" The change did not mean that the
446:
and his successors were purely personal, and open to destruction upon their deaths. Between 846 and 1022, and again from 1042 to 1166, kings from the leading Irish kingdoms made greater attempts to compel the rest of the island's populace to their rule, with varying degrees of success, until the
1309:
and realising the local population were devoutly
Catholic (a significant number of Irish priests supported the Rising and had met with Humbert, although Humbert's Army had been veterans of the anti-clerical campaign in Italy). The French Directory hoped this option would allow the creation of a
2795:
1432:
had left the United
Kingdom. The Act therefore provided that "Parliament shall hereafter be known as and styled the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland " and "In every Act passed and public document issued after the passing of this Act the expression 'United
686:, led by one of RuaidrĂ's sons, Prince Muirchertach. They were expelled, RuaidhrĂ ordering the blinding of Muirchertach, but over the next six years his rule was increasingly diminished by internal dynastic conflict and external attacks. Finally, in 1183, he abdicated.
2046:. While they were not in favour of a monarchy in itself, Pearse and Plunkett thought that if the uprising were successful and Germany won the First World War, they would insist on an independent Ireland being a monarchy with a German prince as king, in the same way as
2112:. During the party's 1917 Ard Fheis, disputes between monarchists and republicans resulted in an agreement that the question of a republic versus a monarchy would be settled by public referendum after independence was achieved provided that no member of the
594:
without opposition. He was arguably the first undisputed full king of
Ireland. He was also the last Gaelic one, as the events of the Norman invasion of 1169â1171 brought about the destruction of the high-kingship, and the direct involvement of the
1061:, had been considered for elevation as the newly created King of Ireland. However, Henry VIII's counsellors feared that creating a separate Kingdom of Ireland, with a ruler other than that of England, would create another threat like the
1215:. The effect was to create a personal union between the Crown of Ireland and the British Crown, instead of the English Crown. Later, from 1 January 1801, an additional merger took place between the two Kingdoms. By the terms of the
650:
RuaidrĂ at first remained aloof from engagement with King Henry, though many of the lesser kings and lords welcomed his arrival as they wished to see him curb the territorial gains made by his vassals. Through the intercession of
1420:" and, from 1927 to 1937: "By the Grace of God, of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas King, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India". The change in the King's title was effected under an Act of the
1227:. Following the separation of most of Ireland from that kingdom in 1922, the remaining constituent parts were renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in 1927, five years after the establishment of the
1234:
290:
Gaelic
Ireland consisted of as few as five and as many as nine Primary kingdoms (CĂșicide/CĂłicide 'fifths') which were often subdivided into many minor smaller kingdoms (Tuatha, 'folkdoms'). The primary kingdoms were
1462:
Despite a lack of change in his title, George V's position as king of that country became separated from his place as King of the United
Kingdom (as occurred with all the other British Dominions at the time). The
1599:, which remains a part of the sovereign state that is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. From 1921 until 1973, the British monarch was officially represented in Northern Ireland by the
731:
as a Lordship when John was just ten years old in 1177. When John succeeded to the English throne in 1199, he remained Lord of Ireland thereby bringing the kingdom of England and the lordship of Ireland into
1533:, which came into force in April 1949 and declared the state to be a republic. The External Relations Act was repealed, removing the remaining duties of the monarch, and Ireland formally withdrew from the
678:
Henry was unwilling or unable to enforce the terms of the treaty on his barons in Ireland, who continued to gain territory in Ireland. A low point came in 1177 with a successful raid into the heart of
346:
The names of Connacht, Ulster, Leinster and Munster are still in use, now applied to the four modern provinces of Ireland. The following is a list of the main Irish kingdoms and their kings:
1031:
2534:
1087:
The title of King of Ireland was created after Henry VIII had been excommunicated in 1538, so it was not recognised by European Catholic monarchs. Following the accession of the Catholic
689:
He was twice briefly returned to power in 1185 and 1189, but even within his home kingdom of Connacht he had become politically marginalized. He lived quietly on his estates, died at the
1588:, confirmed that De Valera did offer Donough O'Brien the title of Prince-President of the Irish Republic, but this was turned down and so a President of Ireland was instituted instead.
1546:
5606:
267:
327:. Until the end of Gaelic Ireland they continued to fluctuate, expand and contract in size, as well as dissolving entirely or being amalgamated into new entities. The role of
1468:
2424:
1506:
5707:
2537:(prime minister) from 1922 to 1932. It was recorded that the distinct characteristics and histories of each was recognised by the parties attending the Conference,
755:(a fortified area around the city of Dublin) with the rest of the island under the control of independent Gaelic-Irish or rebel Cambro-Norman noble families. King
663:
in 1175. RuaidrĂ agreed to recognise Henry as his lord; in return, RuaidrĂ was allowed to keep all Ireland as his personal kingdom outside the petty kingdoms of
736:. By the mid-13th century, while the island was nominally ruled by the king of England, from c.1260 the effective area of control began to recede. As various
4654:
4482:
4397:
4136:
3300:
1054:
3464:
3446:
1982:, and its constitutional successor from December 1936 to April 1949, was the same as elsewhere in the British Commonwealth, but it was unclear whether the
1856:
1362:
1224:
240:
1189:
voted to restore the monarchy, and in 1660 King Charles II returned from exile in France to become King of England, King of Scotland and King of Ireland.
744:
began to reclaim lost territory. Successive English kings did little to stem the tide, instead using Ireland to draw upon men and supplies in the wars in
2668:
1998:
1778:
1076:
between the English and Irish crowns, providing that whoever was King of England was to be King of Ireland as well, and so its first holder was King
4551:
4063:
3474:
1581:
1502:
1425:
1402:
967:
196:, which continued to exist, often expanding for centuries after, however none could make any viable claims of High Kingship. This lasted until the
4869:
766:
For the duration of the 15th century, royal power in Ireland was weak, the country being dominated by the various clans and dynasties of Gaelic (
4141:
3484:
1585:
460:
443:
4921:
4886:
4476:
2159:
1987:
1945:
1522:
1484:
759:
made two journeys to Ireland during his reign to rectify the situation; as a direct result of his second visit in 1399 he lost his throne to
1246:
suggested to United Irishmen making him King of the Irish in 1798 but were rebuffed. Many Irishmen were Jacobites in the early 18th century.
5702:
4106:
4073:
1498:
60:
5374:
3479:
985:
639:
benefactors in May 1169 did RuaidrĂ's position begin to weaken. A series of disastrous defeats and ill-judged treaties lost him much of
5379:
3333:
3328:
212:
which ended Gaelic political independence from the English monarch who now held the crowns of England and Ireland in a personal union.
3744:
2504:
1464:
1346:
877:
4644:
3153:
Kings, the kingship of Leinster and the regnal poems of "laidshenchas Laigen:a reflection of dynastic politics in leinster, 650â1150
2861:
2842:
2796:"The Principality of Thomond and His Royal Highness Raymond Moulton SeĂĄghan O'Brien, 1936â1963; Ireland's Greatest Diplomatic Farce"
2470:
126:
31:
5189:
1408:
The King's title in the Irish Free State was exactly the same as it was elsewhere in the British Empire, being from 1922 to 1927: "
107:
3816:
3293:
2148:
1421:
1323:
724:
177:
158:
79:
4587:
4131:
3811:
3756:
3421:
2607:
2133:
2063:
1708:
1169:
971:
897:
1277:
and thus, unlike Scotland, was not the ground for legitimist-royalist risings in the 18th century, turning instead, mostly to
5166:
4669:
2374:
2199:
1994:
1592:
1448:
64:
2019:, envisioned the Ireland of 2006 as an independent Irish-speaking kingdom with an "Ard RĂ" or "High King" as head of state.
1162:
to crush the Irish royalists, temporarily uniting England, Scotland, and Ireland under one government, and styling himself "
520:
502:
86:
5003:
1490:
5657:
432:
a kingship ... engendered a new self-perception which shaped the future definition of a kingdom and of its subjects.
266:, the Free State legally retained the same person as monarch as the United Kingdom-which in 1927 changed its name to the
5712:
4639:
4627:
4146:
3994:
3831:
3748:
3716:
3396:
2444:
2169:
1793:
1600:
1530:
614:, a recognised prerogative of the High Kings, and made a number of notable charitable gifts and donations. However, his
274:
that removed all mention of the monarchy. In April 1949, the former Free State, which covered most of Ireland, declared
2151:, plotted to overthrow the Irish Free State and establish an independent Irish Catholic monarchy under a member of the
5520:
5434:
5329:
5244:
5161:
4659:
4531:
4386:
3752:
3286:
2221:
2105:
5667:
5582:
3772:
1501:
by eliminating all but one of the King's official duties. This was achieved with the enactment on 11 December of the
1428:, intended to update the name of the United Kingdom as well as the King's title to reflect the fact that most of the
1274:
830:
Henry III granted Ireland to his son, Edward I, in 1254 on condition that it would never be separated from the Crown.
93:
5171:
5069:
4010:
3841:
3416:
3140:
2165:
1830:
1696:
1451:
in the different parts of his Empire. That development did not formally occur until 1953, four years after the new
1298:
1111:
1058:
741:
579:
550:
193:
5637:
5459:
5324:
5259:
5249:
5234:
4569:
4516:
4426:
4002:
3469:
3431:
3425:
3361:
3323:
2306:"Black v Chrétien: Suing a Minister of the Crown for Abuse of Power, Misfeasance in Public Office and Negligence"
2121:
2043:
1824:
1786:
1636:
1542:
1069:
1009:
869:
544:
209:
2440:
2335:
75:
5717:
5079:
5059:
5024:
4977:
4931:
4283:
4099:
3735:
3435:
2530:
2140:
1812:
1724:
1262:
1208:
1198:
799:
232:
3559:
572:
556:
1909:
The royal arms of Ireland â Badge of Ireland, used during the period of the Kingdom of Ireland on coins, etc.
1250:
During the early 18th century, a significant number of Irishmen who had fled Ireland in the aftermath of the
4957:
4649:
4632:
4622:
4597:
4441:
4167:
3930:
3762:
3441:
3406:
2908:
2428:
1852:
1743:
1700:
1510:
1456:
1394:
1306:
1151:
1123:
279:
271:
53:
5677:
5592:
4723:
1773:
The position of King of Ireland was contested by William III and James II between 1689 and 1691, after the
5439:
5359:
5151:
5084:
4952:
4901:
4833:
4733:
4521:
4456:
4263:
4192:
3979:
3796:
3791:
3729:
3623:
3489:
3411:
3386:
3376:
3212:
3100:
2590:
2071:
1762:
1712:
1266:
951:
660:
532:
5622:
5141:
1471:) was confident that the relationship of these independent countries under the Crown would function as a
5662:
5642:
5485:
5449:
5404:
5349:
5136:
4911:
4858:
4683:
4592:
4561:
4501:
4451:
4233:
4223:
4041:
3963:
3781:
3721:
3371:
2058:
was also considered an advantage, as he might be more disposed to learning and promoting the use of the
1750:
1739:
1720:
1716:
1412:, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of the British Dominions beyond the Seas King,
1294:
1239:
1182:
1139:
1135:
1119:
1040:
1005:
975:
891:
885:
841:
805:
756:
728:
610:. RuaidrĂ then obtained terms and hostages from all the notable kings and lords. He then celebrated the
607:
526:
448:
197:
1619:
652:
356:
227:. The personal union between England and Scotland became a political union with the enactments of the
5647:
5566:
5530:
5480:
5339:
5264:
5049:
4926:
4718:
4493:
4471:
4466:
4431:
4373:
3921:
3785:
3725:
3504:
3494:
3390:
3261:
3042:
2572:
2235:
2015:
1983:
1688:
1577:
1534:
1518:
1382:
1115:
957:
939:
927:
873:
855:
837:
824:
656:
538:
414:
328:
173:
2550:. For the chronology of Canadian flags from 1870, at the time of the Irish republican movement, see
1742:
was effected in 1660 without major opposition, Charles II being declared king on 14 May 1660 by the
235:. The crowns of Great Britain and Ireland remained in personal union until it was also ended by the
5672:
5617:
5454:
5444:
5429:
5419:
5384:
5229:
5199:
5146:
4863:
4617:
4612:
4511:
4506:
4273:
4228:
4187:
4092:
3971:
3826:
3821:
3801:
3631:
3583:
3400:
3351:
2932:
2051:
2031:
1808:
1782:
1774:
1756:
1704:
1452:
1443:
1409:
1366:
1358:
1131:
1104:
1044:
945:
933:
921:
909:
849:
720:
714:
644:
629:
514:
496:
275:
224:
216:
205:
3039:
From Kings to Warlords:The Changing Political Structure of Gaelic Ireland in the Later Middle Ages
5571:
5394:
5389:
5354:
5334:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5274:
5269:
5214:
5121:
4967:
4838:
4728:
4708:
4664:
4607:
4602:
4579:
4546:
4536:
4526:
4408:
3986:
3892:
3767:
3615:
3509:
3381:
3366:
3309:
3216:
3158:
2966:
2414:
2125:
2047:
1844:
1816:
1804:
1800:
1766:
1659:
1433:
Kingdom' shall, unless the context otherwise requires, mean Great Britain and Northern Ireland."
1251:
1220:
1216:
1204:
1107:" in 1555, recognising them as Queen and King of Ireland together with her heirs and successors.
1092:
1048:
1026:
915:
783:
236:
228:
146:
100:
3187:
3110:
2366:
2360:
2152:
2129:
1557:
1494:
771:
767:
568:
282:; this left Northern Ireland as the only part of the island that retained a monarchical system.
3015:
A New History of Ireland vol. ix:maps, genealogies, lists:a companion to Irish history part II.
2585:
1997:
in the 20th century took into account the emergence of independence for the dominions from the
5597:
5587:
5550:
5424:
5409:
5284:
5254:
5224:
5219:
5194:
5131:
5126:
5116:
4987:
4936:
4823:
4541:
4177:
4162:
3885:
3777:
3567:
3247:
3228:
3162:
3157:
Seanchas:Studies in Early and Medieval Irish Archaeology, History and Literature in Honour of
2874:
2857:
2838:
2782:
2754:
2726:
2656:
2626:
2611:
2519:
2500:
2466:
2370:
1653:
1529:, or the President, was left unclear. This ambiguity was eliminated with the enactment of the
1429:
1147:
1088:
833:
775:
760:
698:
368:
362:
141:
2641:
2638:
The Irish Factor, 1899â1919: Ireland's Strategic and Diplomatic Importance for Foreign Powers
2462:
2293:
5613:
5577:
5495:
5319:
5089:
5034:
4997:
4972:
4962:
4896:
4848:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4748:
4743:
4436:
4182:
3947:
3647:
3243:
3118:
3086:
2946:
2404:
2216:(2011). "Last Will and Testament of Dowager Queen Katherine Parr". In Mueller, Janel (ed.).
2172:, of which O'Brien was the leader, wanted to reestablish the monarchy with O'Brien as king.
2162:, de Valera raised the idea of an Irish monarchy with his great-grandfather Juan O'Donnell.
2113:
2087:
2083:
2055:
1971:
1959:
1955:
1918:
1735:
1669:
1596:
1561:
1417:
1390:
1370:
1286:
1270:
1243:
1228:
1174:
1062:
865:
596:
583:
490:
478:
466:
419:
392:
386:
380:
251:
247:
162:
5490:
5239:
5209:
5204:
5064:
5054:
5019:
5009:
4992:
4828:
4783:
4698:
4416:
4391:
4238:
3939:
2694:
2518:
Proclamation altering the Style and Titles appertaining to the Crown, London, 13 May 1927.
2101:
2035:
1848:
1731:
1553:
1282:
1258:
1155:
1143:
1127:
1001:
901:
816:
812:
668:
398:
350:
189:
3695:
1569:
988:("Richard IV") and gained some Irish support before a failed invasion of England in 1495.
2551:
2305:
5632:
5414:
5399:
5364:
5104:
5099:
4982:
4916:
4788:
4446:
4421:
4326:
4243:
4197:
4053:
3913:
3877:
3663:
3356:
2920:
2393:"The Irish Free State/Ăire/Republic of Ireland/Ireland: "A Country by Any Other Name"?"
2236:"The papal bull "ILIUS" of 1555 conferring the title of King of Ireland upon Philip II"
2213:
2144:
2117:
2094:
was among the attendees. Blythe himself said he found the idea "immensely attractive".
2059:
2010:
1979:
1926:
1881:
1728:
1682:
1647:
1565:
1472:
1413:
1378:
1332:
1163:
1084:, was the first Queen consort of Ireland following her marriage to King Henry in 1543.
1081:
1073:
981:
963:
787:
779:
733:
331:
was primarily titular and rarely (if ever) absolute. Gaelic Ireland was not ruled as a
263:
220:
166:
2653:
Abject Loyalty: Nationalism and Monarchy in Ireland During the Reign of Queen Victoria
1905:
1328:
17:
5696:
5279:
5044:
5039:
4818:
4461:
4319:
4278:
4258:
2109:
2091:
2079:
2023:
1668:; the Spanish king (Mary's husband)'s title as King of Ireland was reinforced by the
1398:
1278:
1212:
1178:
737:
702:
683:
636:
621:
484:
374:
332:
1537:. The position of the king in the Irish state was finally and formally ended by the
5369:
4891:
4853:
4753:
4336:
3836:
3687:
3639:
3599:
3220:
3175:
1624:
1340:
1096:
861:
694:
3591:
3069:
Kingship, society and sacrality:rank, power and ideology in early medieval Ireland
2097:
1314:, the Protestant republican leader, scoffed at the suggestion and it was quashed.
296:
5601:
5110:
4906:
4793:
4713:
4304:
4288:
3905:
3897:
3740:
3551:
1932:
1676:
1664:
1302:
1186:
472:
427:("king of all Ireland") by Mael Sechlainn I in 862, she furthermore states that
246:
In December 1922, most of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom, becoming the
42:
2547:
1715:) took place between 1639 and 1653. Charles I was executed in 1649 and his son
5156:
5094:
5013:
4253:
4218:
4018:
3861:
3806:
3679:
3655:
3575:
3499:
2497:
Voices from the Great Houses of Ireland: Life in the Big House: Cork and Kerry
2418:
1887:
1875:
1863:
1836:
1632:
1573:
1538:
1479:
Abdication crisis, President of Ireland and Republic of Ireland Act, 1936â1949
1311:
1290:
1255:
1100:
1077:
993:
690:
508:
201:
2070:
That would have certain advantages for us. It would mean that a movement for
5515:
5505:
5074:
4381:
4268:
3869:
3671:
3255:
3032:
1939:
1869:
1781:
made William King of Ireland, and this was reinforced by his victory at the
1641:
1526:
1438:
1159:
672:
4808:
3543:
3107:
Kings over overkings. Propaganda for pre-eminence in early medieval Ireland
2953:
RĂ Ăirenn, RĂ Alban, kingship and identity in the night and tenth centuries
1505:, which removed the monarch from the constitution and, on 12 December, the
1142:, and signed a formal treaty with Charles I in 1648. However, in 1649, the
647:
in 1171, RuaidrĂ's position as king of Ireland was increasingly untenable.
763:. This was the last time that a medieval king of England visited Ireland.
5652:
5535:
5525:
5344:
4843:
4115:
1975:
1922:
1914:
1893:
1564:, that Ireland should have its own king again, as it was in the times of
1374:
1336:
1285:. However, despite their general anti-clericalism and republicanism, the
752:
745:
679:
643:, and encouraged uprisings by rebel lords. By the time of the arrival of
640:
603:
304:
300:
259:
185:
876:
during a failed rebellion of 1315â1318, which formed part of the larger
5545:
5500:
5475:
5029:
4813:
4798:
4738:
4356:
4309:
4248:
4172:
4126:
3607:
3527:
2998:
2567:
2039:
1517:, or "Ireland" in the English language, and establishing the office of
1514:
1354:
1000:
The title of Lord of Ireland was abolished by Henry VIII, who was made
338:
320:
316:
312:
154:
2854:
Poetry and Jacobite Politics in Eighteenth-Century Britain and Ireland
2459:
Citizenship in a Global World: Comparing Citizenship Rights for Aliens
1401:. The monarch was officially represented in the new Free State by the
1381:. Six of Ireland's north-eastern counties, all within the nine-county
423:
peers." (2000, p. 62). Responding to the assumption of the title
157:
from ancient times. This continued in all of Ireland until 1949, when
5627:
5540:
4803:
4703:
4346:
4202:
3535:
3278:
3018:
2970:
2925:, Francis John Byrne, O'Donnell Lecture, 1969; published Dublin, 1970
2892:
2027:
1386:
664:
625:
587:
324:
292:
255:
2290:
The Irish Law Times and Solicitor's Journal: Public general statutes
3272:
A New History of Ireland, Volume One:Pre-Historic and Early Ireland
2409:
2392:
1904:
1618:
1327:
1233:
1030:
616:
567:
337:
140:
2669:"Inside the GPO in 1916: Desmond FitzGerald's eyewitness account"
1297:, as Henry IX, King of the Irish. This was on account of General
5510:
4351:
4341:
4331:
4314:
3171:
2723:
A New History of Ireland: Ireland under the Union, II, 1870â1921
2362:
Republicans and Imperialists: Anglo-Irish Relations in the 1930s
1929:
and subsequently, in 1931, a legislatively independent country.)
705:
king was ever again recognised as king or high king of Ireland.
308:
181:
161:
removed most of Ireland's residual ties to the British monarch.
4088:
3282:
3126:
3117:, ed. M. Gosman, A. Vanderjagt, J. Veenstra, pp. 163â76,
36:
4084:
1723:
began with England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales ruled by the
1138:, as legitimate monarchs, in opposition to the claims of the
1223:
merged with the Kingdom of Great Britain, thus creating the
2739:
The Resurrection of Ireland: The Sinn FĂ©in Party, 1916â1923
1719:
was recognised by some Irish lords as King of Ireland. The
1318:
Partition: Irish Free State and Northern Ireland, 1922â1936
815:
and established the precedent that that Lord would also be
1635:(1542â1547); Lord of Ireland, 1509â1542; made king by the
2276:
2274:
1289:
did suggest to the United Irishmen in 1798 restoring the
1039:
The title "King of Ireland" was created by an act of the
3029:
Power and Politics in Early Medieval Britain and Ireland
1547:
Statute Law Revision (Pre-Union Irish Statutes) Act 1962
1521:. The King's role in Ireland was ambiguous. Whether the
602:
One of RuaidrĂ's first acts as king was the subduing of
1181:
republic, but he was not competent to maintain it. The
1150:, executed Charles I, and made England a republic, or "
1122:
in May 1660, there was no 'King of Ireland'. After the
1035:
Henry VIII claimed the title "King of Ireland" in 1542.
30:"Queen of Ireland" redirects here. For other uses, see
2623:
Irish nationalism: a history of its roots and ideology
2261:
2259:
2257:
2640:, JĂ©rĂŽme aan De Wiel, Irish Academic Press, 2008, p.
1851:
on 1 January 1801, was instituted in response to the
1513:
was ratified, changing the name of the Free State to
1207:
merged the kingdoms of England and Scotland into the
840:
from 1258 to 1260, until his defeat and death in the
3031:, pp. 47â68, ed. S.T. Driscoll and M.R. Nieke,
2991:
Nationality and the pursuit of national independence
2725:, William Edward Vaughan, Clarendon Press, 1976, p.
2136:
in order to grant himself equal status to George V.
751:
By the 1390s the Lordship had effectively shrunk to
697:. With the possible exception of the short reign of
620:
remained in his home territory in central Connacht (
268:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
169:, remains under a monarchical system of government.
5559:
5468:
5182:
4945:
4879:
4691:
4682:
4578:
4560:
4492:
4407:
4372:
4365:
4297:
4211:
4155:
3850:
3707:
3518:
3455:
3342:
3316:
2340:. Dublin: Irish Statute Book. 12 December 1936. 3.2
2082:recalls that in January 1915 he heard Plunkett and
2038:, contemplated giving the throne of an independent
1110:For a brief period in the 17th century, during the
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3254:Kings named in "Baile Chuinn Chechathaig" and the
2337:Executive Authority (External Relations) Act, 1936
1556:), his father John George Oulton had suggested to
727:and given the part of it he controlled to his son
239:, which united Ireland and Great Britain into the
153:Monarchical systems of government have existed in
2218:Katherine Parr: Complete Works and Correspondence
1580:: the most senior representative at the time was
1261:pretenders as Kings of Ireland (particularly the
3005:The Irish royal sites in history and archaeology
2835:Christianity and Revolutionary Europe, 1750â1830
1469:His Majesty's Government in the Irish Free State
1310:stable French client state in Ireland, however,
2168:, the self-styled "Prince of Thomond", and the
2090:meeting. No objections were made by anyone and
2068:
429:
180:(1169â1171) in which the island was declared a
3059:High Kingship and Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus
3017:, edited T.W. Moody, F.X. Martin, F.J. Byrne,
2987:Nationality and kingship in pre-Norman Ireland
2753:, Geoffrey Elborn, Raven Arts Press, 1990, p.
2721:The new nationalism, 1916â18, F S L Lyons, in
740:noble families died out in the male line, the
4100:
3294:
3264:and Paul Byrne, in op.cit., pp. 159â224.
3129:to Hugh O'Connor (King of Connacht 1293â1309)
3115:The Propagation of Power in the Medieval West
2959:, pp. 62â72, ed. S. Taylor, Dublin, 2000
1489:The constitutional crisis resulting from the
719:By the time of RuaidrĂ's reign in 1171, King
8:
3194:Leinster states and kings in Christian times
3180:, T.M. Charles-Edwards, pp. 137â145, op.cit.
2905:The heir-designate in early medieval Ireland
2711:. Dublin: The O'Brien Press. pp. 32â33.
2310:Murdoch University Electronic Journal of Law
1901:Monarchs of the Irish Free State and Ireland
258:, remained part of the United Kingdom. As a
3219:, and the mystery of the second nunnery at
3206:Irish Leaders and Learning Through the Ages
2139:In the 1930s, an organisation known as the
1965:
1857:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1595:, specifically, continued and continues in
1363:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1225:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1173:). After Cromwell's death in 1658, his son
659:, RuaidrĂ and Henry came to terms with the
606:, which resulted in the exile of its king,
241:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
4688:
4369:
4107:
4093:
4085:
3301:
3287:
3279:
1335:, Dublin, decorated for the visit of King
904:in 1386, but forfeited his titles in 1388.
27:Historical method of government in Ireland
2533:included W. T. Cosgrave, then serving as
2408:
1999:Imperial Parliament of the United Kingdom
1942:(1936â1949), whose status was diminished
1779:Crown and Parliament Recognition Act 1689
1497:'s government as a catalyst to amend the
1080:of England. Henry's sixth and last wife,
1047:, which had existed since 1171, with the
974:on 24 May 1487. His claim ended with the
200:conferred the crown of Ireland upon King
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
3475:Counties of Meath and Westmeath Act 1543
2957:Kings clerics and chronicles in Scotland
2604:Memoirs of Desmond FitzGerald, 1913â1916
1426:Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act, 1927
1403:Governor-General of the Irish Free State
1389:, remained within the United Kingdom as
1357:(twenty-six of the country's thirty-two
1134:, still recognised Charles I, and later
968:Edward Plantagenet, 17th Earl of Warwick
389:(4th century to 1138 or 1194 (claimant))
5708:Ireland and the Commonwealth of Nations
3225:Regions and Rulers in Ireland 1100â1650
3025:The archaeology of early Irish kingship
2929:Irish regnal succession â a reappraisal
2655:, James H. Murphy, CUA Press, 2001, p.
2248:
2186:
1988:Head of state of Ireland (1936 to 1949)
1568:. He suggested to him, a member of the
1345:Within a decade it was the seat of the
701:(Brian O'Neill) in 1258â1260, no other
635:Only with the arrival of MacMurrough's
4142:List of current non-sovereign monarchs
3485:Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652
2108:which sought to create an Anglo-Irish
2104:as a monarchist party inspired by the
2054:. The fact that Joachim did not speak
1572:, descended in the paternal line from
1552:According to Desmond Oulton (owner of
1393:. As a Dominion, the Free State was a
1114:from the impeachment and execution of
970:, and was crowned "King Edward VI" in
250:; at the same time, the newly created
2556:Canada's Flag: A Search for a Country
2490:
2488:
2486:
2265:
1946:Irish head of state from 1922 to 1949
1582:Donough O'Brien, 16th Baron Inchiquin
1485:Irish head of state from 1922 to 1949
1281:as dissention with the ascent of the
1055:The 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset
7:
2709:Sinn FĂ©in: a Hundred Turbulent Years
2610:; Routledge & K. Paul, 1968, p.
2116:could become king. As a result, the
1958:, only the part of Ireland known as
1584:. Oulton said that Donough's nephew
1499:Constitution of the Irish Free State
1057:, Henry VIII's illegitimate son and
270:. In 1937, the Free State adopted a
65:adding citations to reliable sources
4069:
3480:Settlement of Laois and Offaly 1556
3184:Early Irish Kingship and Succession
2891:, pp. 406â444, ed. John Ryan,
2781:, Tim Pat Coogan, Random House, p.
2625:, SeĂĄn Cronin, Continuum, 1981, p.
2086:express support for the idea at an
1586:Conor O'Brien, 18th Baron Inchiquin
1503:Constitution (Amendment No. 27) Act
1193:Union with Great Britain, 1707â1922
986:Richard of Shrewsbury, Duke of York
844:(also known as the Battle of Down).
4137:List of current sovereign monarchs
3240:The Kingship and Landscape of Tara
3198:The Ua Maelechlainn kings of Meath
3049:The King as Judge in early Ireland
2885:The UĂ Brian Kingship in Telach Oc
2767:Francis Stuart: Artist and Outcast
2586:Patrick Pearse Predicts the Future
2535:President of the Executive Council
2529:Heads of government attending the
2170:United Christian Nationalist Party
2160:Hugo O'Donnell, 7th Duke of Tetuan
1974:, when it became a self-governing
1966:King's title, George V â George VI
1465:Government of the Irish Free State
1347:Oireachtas of the Irish Free State
1177:emerged as the leader of this pan-
442:Nevertheless, the achievements of
25:
3174:, s.a. 750; high-kings, kings of
2899:Early Irish History and Mythology
2871:Synchronismen der irischen Konige
2803:North Munster Antiquarian Journal
2365:. Yale University Press. p.
1273:. However, Ireland was host to a
1254:continued to remain loyal to the
864:, Earl of Carrick and brother of
624:). Ireland's recognised capital,
32:Queen of Ireland (disambiguation)
4655:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
4068:
4059:
4058:
4047:
4035:
3227:, ed. David Edwards, pp. 20â26,
2923:and the high-kingship of Ireland
2120:had no head of state during the
1422:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1397:with the British monarch as its
1353:In early December 1922, most of
1324:Monarchy in the Irish Free State
878:war between England and Scotland
632:, who had submitted to Ruaidri.
461:MĂĄel Sechnaill mac MĂĄele Ruanaid
371:(634 to 1603 or 1632 (de facto))
178:Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland
41:
4132:Imperial, royal and noble ranks
3422:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
2546:See Alistair B. Fraser (1998).
2461:. Hampshire: Palgrave. p.
2134:President of the Irish Republic
1709:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
1447:king had now assumed different
1211:, under the sovereignty of the
1170:Cromwellian conquest of Ireland
1154:". The Parliamentarian general
972:Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin
455:High Kings of Ireland, 800â1198
52:needs additional citations for
3334:History of Ireland (1691â1800)
3329:History of Ireland (1536â1691)
3270:, Maire-Therese Flannagan, in
3208:, ed. Nollaig O Muraile, 2003.
3204:, pp. 177â194, Paul Walsh, in
2889:Feil-Sgrighinn Eoin Mhic Neill
2856:. Cambridge University Press.
2837:. Cambridge University Press.
2423:: "After the enactment of the
2200:University of California Press
2034:leaders, including Pearse and
1491:abdication of King Edward VIII
709:Lordship of Ireland: 1171â1542
1:
2943:Gaelic and Gaelicised Ireland
2499:, Mercier Press, p. 21,
2391:Mary E. Daly (January 2007).
1962:remained part of a monarchy.
1493:in December 1936 was used by
1065:, and Richmond died in 1536.
1016:Kingdom of Ireland, 1542â1800
4147:List of monarchy referendums
3717:Dublin Castle administration
3149:12 (1998), pp. 351â358.
3135:49â50, 1997, pp. 26â62.
2977:Dal Cais, church and dynasty
2794:Aan de Wiel, JĂ©rĂŽme (2007).
2594:, Bryan Fanning, 20 May 2013
2445:Republic of Ireland Act 1948
2196:English Monarchs: Henry VIII
1601:Governor of Northern Ireland
1531:Republic of Ireland Act 1948
1275:large military establishment
1091:in 1553 and her marriage to
409:: High Kings with opposition
5703:History of Northern Ireland
3202:Christian kings of Connacht
3065:30 (1994), pp. 165â68.
2852:Pittock, Murray GH (2006).
2779:Ireland in the 20th Century
2425:1936 External Relations Act
2222:University of Chicago Press
2106:Austro-Hungarian Compromise
2100:was established in 1905 by
2013:, writing in the newspaper
1607:List of monarchs of Ireland
794:Lords of Ireland, 1177â1542
503:MĂĄel Sechnaill mac Domnaill
176:effectively ended with the
159:the Republic of Ireland Act
5734:
3417:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
3268:High-Kings with Opposition
3141:Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair
3075:49 (1994), pp. 45â47.
3055:13 (1987), pp. 39â72.
2989:, Donnchadh O Corrain, in
2963:Irish Kings and High Kings
2915:3 (1968), pp. 326â29.
2397:Journal of British Studies
1819:remained a separate state.
1697:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
1482:
1321:
1299:Jean Joseph Amable Humbert
1196:
1112:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
1059:Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
1024:
797:
712:
693:in 1198 and was buried at
580:Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn
551:Muirchertach Mac Lochlainn
412:
194:Gaelic kingdoms of Ireland
188:under the Lordship of the
29:
4122:
4042:British Empire portal
4030:
3470:Crown of Ireland Act 1542
3362:Tudor conquest of Ireland
3324:Timeline of Irish history
3236:Kingship in Early Ireland
3145:, Elizabeth FitzPatrick,
2881:19, 1933, pp. 81â99.
2359:McMahon, Deirdre (1984).
2143:, whose members included
2122:Irish War of Independence
2044:Prince Joachim of Prussia
1787:Williamite War in Ireland
1637:Crown of Ireland Act 1542
1627:depicting Philip and Mary
1543:Crown of Ireland Act 1542
1166:" of the three kingdoms (
1070:Crown of Ireland Act 1542
1010:Crown of Ireland Act 1542
590:where he was inaugurated
545:Toirdelbach Ua Conchobair
451:(Rory O'Connor) in 1166,
210:Tudor conquest of Ireland
4284:Self-proclaimed monarchy
3736:Privy Council of Ireland
3027:, Richard B. Warner, in
2979:, Donnachadh O Corrain,
2939:11, 1971, pp. 7â39.
2531:1926 Imperial Conference
2292:, J. Falconer, 1929, p.
2141:Irish Monarchist Society
1990:or the king, George VI.
1970:The king's title in the
1921:became a self-governing
1813:Kingdom of Great Britain
1734:(1649â1658) and his son
1209:Kingdom of Great Britain
1199:List of British monarchs
800:List of English monarchs
655:(Laurence O'Toole), the
582:in early 1166, RuaidrĂ,
564:RuaidrĂ, King of Ireland
521:Diarmait mac MĂĄel na mBĂł
505:, 979â1002 and 1014â1022
278:, and withdrew from the
254:, which covered most of
233:Kingdom of Great Britain
4552:Vatican City (Holy See)
3763:Court of Castle Chamber
3442:Irish Rebellion of 1798
3432:WilliamiteâJacobite War
3407:Irish Rebellion of 1641
3155:, Edel Bhreathnach, in
3097:Early Christian Ireland
3011:3, 1982, pp. 1â29.
2983:24, 1973, pp. 1â69
2901:, T.F. O'Rahilly, 1946.
2495:O'Keeffe, Jane (2013),
2457:KondĆ, Atsushi (2001).
2280:The Times, 4 March 1927
2166:Raymond Moulton O'Brien
2005:Proposed Irish monarchy
1853:Irish Rebellion of 1798
1701:Irish Rebellion of 1641
1560:towards the end of the
1541:with the repeal of the
1395:constitutional monarchy
1307:Irish Rebellion of 1798
1124:Irish Rebellion of 1641
1043:in 1541, replacing the
671:as well as the city of
342:Map of Ireland (900 AD)
280:Commonwealth of Nations
4834:Islands of Refreshment
4264:Legitimacy (political)
3797:Trinity College Dublin
3792:Grand Lodge of Ireland
3730:Irish House of Commons
3688:Bréifne Uà Raghallaigh
3490:Act of Settlement 1662
3412:Irish Confederate Wars
3387:Plantations of Ireland
3377:Reformation in Ireland
3238:, Charles Doherty, in
3223:, Conleth Manning, in
3101:Thomas Charles-Edwards
3083:Early Medieval Ireland
2751:Francis Stuart: A life
2707:Feeney, Brian (2002).
2591:Dublin Review of Books
2077:
1910:
1740:Restoration in Ireland
1713:Irish Confederate Wars
1628:
1507:External Relations Act
1350:
1267:France's Irish Brigade
1247:
1036:
575:
533:Muirchertach Ua Briain
440:
343:
208:. Henry initiated the
204:of England during the
150:
18:List of Irish Monarchs
4645:Saint Kitts and Nevis
4234:Criticism of monarchy
4224:Abolition of monarchy
3722:Parliament of Ireland
3372:Surrender and regrant
3170:The Conntinuation of
3071:, N.B. Aitchison, in
2969:, 1973; 3rd reprint,
2833:Aston, Nigel (2002).
2548:"The Flags of Canada"
2132:raised his status to
1908:
1622:
1414:Defender of the Faith
1331:
1295:Henry Benedict Stuart
1265:military diaspora in
1240:Henry Benedict Stuart
1237:
1183:Parliament of England
1034:
1006:Parliament of Ireland
976:Battle of Stoke Field
842:Battle of Druim Dearg
836:claimed the title of
811:First man to be made
757:Richard II of England
608:Diarmait Mac Murchada
573:RuaidrĂ Ua Conchobair
571:
557:RuaidrĂ Ua Conchobair
527:Toirdelbach Ua Briain
449:Ruaidri Ua Conchobair
353:(5th century to 1185)
341:
219:in 1603 expanded the
198:Parliament of Ireland
144:
76:"Monarchy of Ireland"
4477:United Arab Emirates
3726:Irish House of Lords
3505:Constitution of 1782
3262:Ailbhe Mac Shamhrain
3213:Finghin MacCarthaigh
3139:The inauguration of
3131:, Seam Mac Mathuna,
3093:The Kingship of Tara
3051:, Marilyn Gerriets,
2997:11, ed. T.W. Moody,
2955:, Maire Herbert, in
2909:GearĂłid Mac Niocaill
2573:An Claidheamh Soluis
2016:An Claidheamh Soluis
1984:President of Ireland
1578:High King of Ireland
1535:British Commonwealth
1519:President of Ireland
1238:Jacobite pretender,
1146:, victorious in the
1021:Re-creation of title
874:High King of Ireland
838:High King of Ireland
778:) or Cambro-Norman (
657:Archbishop of Dublin
539:Domnall Ua Lochlainn
437:Herbert, 2000, p. 72
415:High King of Ireland
401:(5thâ12th centuries)
377:(8thâ12th centuries)
329:High King of Ireland
231:, which created the
174:High King of Ireland
61:improve this article
5713:Monarchy of Ireland
5673:Trinidad and Tobago
5560:Commonwealth realms
5445:United Baltic Duchy
4588:Antigua and Barbuda
4580:Commonwealth realms
4274:Order of succession
3802:Order of St Patrick
3624:Mac William Ăochtar
3401:Flight of the Earls
3352:Lordship of Ireland
2933:Donnchadh O Corrain
2693:An Irish Monarchy,
2316:(3). September 2002
1993:The changes in the
1809:Kingdom of Scotland
1783:Battle of the Boyne
1775:Glorious Revolution
1705:Confederate Ireland
1699:(incorporating the
1616:British monarchs:
1612:Monarchs of Ireland
1523:Irish head of state
1453:Republic of Ireland
1444:Imperial Conference
1410:By the Grace of God
1373:, a self-governing
1367:Twenty-Six Counties
1301:landing a force in
1269:), contrary to the
1132:Confederate Ireland
1045:Lordship of Ireland
872:, declared himself
721:Henry II of England
715:Lordship of Ireland
630:Ascall mac Ragnaill
599:in Irish politics.
515:Donnchad mac Briain
217:Union of the Crowns
206:English Reformation
4054:Ireland portal
3832:Catholic Committee
3768:Peerage of Ireland
3576:Clann Aodha Buidhe
3510:Acts of Union 1800
3382:Desmond Rebellions
3310:Kingdom of Ireland
3159:Francis John Byrne
3143:at Ath an Termoinn
3085:, pp. 63â84,
3079:Kings and kingship
2995:Historical Studies
2967:Francis John Byrne
2887:, James Hogan, in
2608:Desmond FitzGerald
2194:Scarisbrick, J.J.
2128:negotiations when
2126:Anglo-Irish Treaty
2064:Desmond FitzGerald
2062:. In his memoirs,
1911:
1845:Acts of Union 1800
1817:Kingdom of Ireland
1805:Kingdom of England
1801:Acts of Union 1707
1629:
1351:
1252:Treaty of Limerick
1248:
1221:Kingdom of Ireland
1217:Acts of Union 1800
1205:Acts of Union 1707
1140:English Parliament
1093:Philip II of Spain
1049:Kingdom of Ireland
1037:
1027:Kingdom of Ireland
653:LorcĂĄn Ua Tuathail
578:Upon the death of
576:
407:Ard RĂ co Fresabra
357:Kings of AirgĂalla
344:
237:Acts of Union 1800
229:Acts of Union 1707
151:
147:Kingdom of Ireland
5690:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5375:Piedmont-Sardinia
5127:Sip Song Chau Tai
4937:Thirteen Colonies
4678:
4677:
4082:
4081:
3778:Church of Ireland
3640:Bréifne Uà Ruairc
3248:Four Courts Press
3229:Four Courts Press
3163:Four Courts Press
2993:, pp. 1â35,
2875:Rudolf Thurneysen
2429:1937 Constitution
1917:(1922â1936) (The
1738:(1658â1659). The
1660:Philip (of Spain)
1430:island of Ireland
1369:' now became the
1148:English Civil War
1120:Irish Restoration
761:Henry Bolingbroke
691:monastery of Cong
661:Treaty of Windsor
383:(to 12th century)
369:Kings of Leinster
363:Kings of Connacht
276:itself a republic
243:in January 1801.
165:, as part of the
137:
136:
129:
111:
16:(Redirected from
5725:
5614:Irish Free State
5380:PolandâLithuania
4689:
4640:Papua New Guinea
4370:
4109:
4102:
4095:
4086:
4072:
4071:
4062:
4061:
4052:
4051:
4050:
4040:
4039:
4038:
4023:
4015:
4007:
3999:
3991:
3984:
3976:
3968:
3960:
3952:
3948:Richard Cromwell
3944:
3936:
3926:
3918:
3910:
3902:
3890:
3882:
3881:(1553; disputed)
3874:
3866:
3700:
3692:
3684:
3676:
3668:
3660:
3652:
3644:
3636:
3628:
3620:
3612:
3604:
3596:
3588:
3580:
3572:
3564:
3556:
3548:
3540:
3532:
3303:
3296:
3289:
3280:
3244:Edel Bhreathnach
3242:, pp. 3â31, ed.
3087:Daibhi O Croinin
3061:, A.T. Fear, in
2947:Kenneth Nicholls
2937:Studia Hibernica
2919:The rise of the
2867:
2848:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2800:
2791:
2785:
2776:
2770:
2763:
2757:
2748:
2742:
2737:Michael Laffan,
2735:
2729:
2719:
2713:
2712:
2704:
2698:
2691:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2680:
2665:
2659:
2650:
2644:
2635:
2629:
2620:
2614:
2601:
2595:
2583:
2577:
2565:
2559:
2544:
2538:
2527:
2521:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2492:
2481:
2480:
2454:
2448:
2438:
2432:
2422:
2412:
2389:In the words of
2387:
2381:
2380:
2356:
2350:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2302:
2296:
2287:
2281:
2278:
2269:
2263:
2252:
2246:
2240:
2239:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2191:
2114:House of Windsor
2088:Irish Volunteers
2084:Thomas MacDonagh
2072:de-anglicisation
1972:Irish Free State
1960:Northern Ireland
1956:Ireland Act 1949
1919:Irish Free State
1855:and created the
1765:(1689â1702) and
1744:Irish Convention
1736:Richard Cromwell
1725:Council of State
1670:Treason Act 1554
1650:(1553; disputed)
1597:Northern Ireland
1593:British monarchy
1562:Irish Free State
1418:Emperor of India
1391:Northern Ireland
1371:Irish Free State
1287:French Directory
1271:House of Hanover
1244:French Directory
1229:Irish Free State
1158:came across the
1063:King of Scotland
1041:Irish Parliament
870:King of Scotland
612:Oenach Tailteann
597:Kings of England
584:King of Connacht
497:Domnall ua NĂ©ill
491:Congalach Cnogba
447:inauguration of
444:MĂĄel Sechlainn I
438:
393:Kings of Thomond
387:Kings of Munster
381:Kings of Osraige
272:new constitution
252:Northern Ireland
248:Irish Free State
163:Northern Ireland
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
21:
5733:
5732:
5728:
5727:
5726:
5724:
5723:
5722:
5718:Ancient Ireland
5693:
5692:
5691:
5682:
5607:princely states
5555:
5491:Kingdom of Fiji
5464:
5210:Austria-Hungary
5178:
4941:
4875:
4674:
4660:Solomon Islands
4574:
4556:
4488:
4403:
4361:
4293:
4239:Democratization
4207:
4151:
4118:
4113:
4083:
4078:
4048:
4046:
4036:
4034:
4026:
4021:
4013:
4005:
3997:
3989:
3982:
3974:
3966:
3958:
3950:
3942:
3940:Oliver Cromwell
3934:
3924:
3916:
3908:
3895:
3888:
3880:
3872:
3864:
3854:
3846:
3842:United Irishmen
3709:
3703:
3698:
3690:
3682:
3674:
3666:
3658:
3650:
3642:
3634:
3626:
3618:
3610:
3602:
3594:
3586:
3578:
3570:
3562:
3554:
3546:
3538:
3530:
3520:
3514:
3457:
3451:
3397:Nine Years' War
3344:
3338:
3312:
3307:
3277:
3231:, Dublin, 2004.
3190:, Dublin, 2000.
3165:, Dublin, 2000.
3045:, Dublin, 1987.
3043:Katharine Simms
2864:
2851:
2845:
2832:
2828:
2823:
2822:
2812:
2810:
2798:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2777:
2773:
2764:
2760:
2749:
2745:
2736:
2732:
2720:
2716:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2697:, 15 April 1966
2695:The Irish Times
2692:
2688:
2678:
2676:
2675:. 21 March 2016
2673:The Irish Times
2667:
2666:
2662:
2651:
2647:
2636:
2632:
2621:
2617:
2602:
2598:
2584:
2580:
2576:, 4 August 1906
2566:
2562:
2545:
2541:
2528:
2524:
2517:
2513:
2507:
2494:
2493:
2484:
2473:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2439:
2435:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2377:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2343:
2341:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2319:
2317:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2288:
2284:
2279:
2272:
2264:
2255:
2247:
2243:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2214:Parr, Katherine
2212:
2211:
2207:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2153:O'Neill dynasty
2149:Osmonde Esmonde
2130:Ăamon de Valera
2102:Arthur Griffith
2036:Joseph Plunkett
2007:
1968:
1903:
1849:came into force
1815:. However, the
1732:Oliver Cromwell
1614:
1609:
1558:Ăamon de Valera
1554:Clontarf Castle
1495:Ăamon de Valera
1487:
1481:
1467:(also known as
1344:
1326:
1320:
1283:United Irishmen
1201:
1195:
1156:Oliver Cromwell
1144:Rump Parliament
1130:, organised in
1128:Irish Catholics
1118:in 1649 to the
1029:
1023:
1018:
1002:King of Ireland
978:, 16 June 1487.
902:Duke of Ireland
817:King of England
813:Lord of Ireland
802:
796:
742:Gaelic nobility
725:invaded Ireland
717:
711:
667:(Leinster) and
628:, was ruled by
592:King of Ireland
586:, proceeded to
566:
457:
439:
436:
417:
411:
399:Kings of Ulster
351:Kings of Ailech
288:
286:Gaelic kingdoms
190:King of England
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5731:
5729:
5721:
5720:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5695:
5694:
5688:
5687:
5684:
5683:
5681:
5680:
5675:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5645:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5611:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5569:
5563:
5561:
5557:
5556:
5554:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5472:
5470:
5466:
5465:
5463:
5462:
5457:
5452:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5407:
5402:
5397:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5377:
5372:
5367:
5365:Ottoman Empire
5362:
5357:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5337:
5332:
5327:
5325:Kartli-Kakheti
5322:
5317:
5312:
5307:
5302:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5186:
5184:
5180:
5179:
5177:
5176:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5107:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5037:
5032:
5027:
5022:
5017:
5007:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4949:
4947:
4943:
4942:
4940:
4939:
4934:
4929:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4883:
4881:
4877:
4876:
4874:
4873:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4734:Central Africa
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4695:
4693:
4686:
4680:
4679:
4676:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4670:United Kingdom
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4636:
4635:
4630:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4584:
4582:
4576:
4575:
4573:
4572:
4566:
4564:
4558:
4557:
4555:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4498:
4496:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4413:
4411:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4401:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4378:
4376:
4367:
4363:
4362:
4360:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4327:Prince regnant
4324:
4323:
4322:
4312:
4307:
4301:
4299:
4295:
4294:
4292:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4271:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4244:Decolonization
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4215:
4213:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4205:
4200:
4198:Personal union
4195:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4168:Constitutional
4165:
4159:
4157:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4104:
4097:
4089:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4076:
4066:
4056:
4044:
4031:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4016:
4008:
4000:
3992:
3977:
3969:
3961:
3953:
3945:
3937:
3927:
3919:
3911:
3903:
3883:
3878:Lady Jane Grey
3875:
3867:
3858:
3856:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3822:Irish Patriots
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3738:
3733:
3719:
3713:
3711:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3701:
3693:
3685:
3677:
3669:
3661:
3653:
3645:
3637:
3629:
3621:
3613:
3605:
3597:
3589:
3581:
3573:
3565:
3557:
3549:
3541:
3533:
3524:
3522:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3461:
3459:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3449:
3447:United Kingdom
3444:
3439:
3429:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3394:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3357:British Empire
3354:
3348:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3320:
3318:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3283:
3276:
3275:
3265:
3251:
3250:, Dublin, 2005
3233:
3209:
3200:, pp. 90â107,
3191:
3181:
3178:and Bretwaldas
3167:
3150:
3136:
3122:
3104:
3090:
3076:
3066:
3056:
3046:
3036:
3022:
3012:
3002:
2984:
2974:
2960:
2950:
2940:
2926:
2916:
2902:
2896:
2882:
2868:
2862:
2849:
2843:
2829:
2827:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2786:
2771:
2765:Kevin Kieley,
2758:
2743:
2730:
2714:
2699:
2686:
2660:
2645:
2630:
2615:
2596:
2578:
2560:
2539:
2522:
2511:
2506:978-1781171936
2505:
2482:
2471:
2449:
2433:
2419:10.1086/508399
2410:10.1086/508399
2382:
2375:
2351:
2327:
2297:
2282:
2270:
2268:, p. 222.
2253:
2251:, p. 210.
2241:
2227:
2224:. p. 178.
2205:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2145:Francis Stuart
2118:Irish Republic
2060:Irish language
2030:in 1916, some
2011:Patrick Pearse
2006:
2003:
1980:British Empire
1967:
1964:
1954:Following the
1952:
1951:
1936:
1930:
1927:British Empire
1902:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1879:
1873:
1867:
1841:
1840:
1834:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1771:
1770:
1760:
1754:
1729:Lord Protector
1693:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1651:
1648:Lady Jane Grey
1645:
1639:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1566:Gaelic Ireland
1483:Main article:
1480:
1477:
1473:personal union
1379:British Empire
1333:Leinster House
1322:Main article:
1319:
1316:
1194:
1191:
1164:Lord Protector
1082:Katherine Parr
1074:personal union
1072:established a
1025:Main article:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
998:
997:
991:
990:
989:
984:claimed to be
982:Perkin Warbeck
979:
966:claimed to be
964:Lambert Simnel
955:
949:
943:
937:
931:
925:
919:
913:
907:
906:
905:
898:Robert de Vere
889:
883:
882:
881:
853:
847:
846:
845:
834:Brian Ua NĂ©ill
831:
822:
821:
820:
795:
792:
734:personal union
713:Main article:
710:
707:
699:Brian Ua NĂ©ill
682:by a party of
565:
562:
561:
560:
554:
548:
542:
536:
530:
524:
518:
512:
506:
500:
494:
488:
482:
476:
470:
464:
456:
453:
434:
425:ri hErenn uile
413:Main article:
410:
404:
403:
402:
396:
390:
384:
378:
372:
366:
360:
354:
287:
284:
264:British Empire
221:personal union
172:The office of
167:United Kingdom
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5730:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5700:
5698:
5679:
5676:
5674:
5671:
5669:
5666:
5664:
5661:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5644:
5641:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5615:
5612:
5609:
5608:
5603:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5564:
5562:
5558:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5486:Easter Island
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5473:
5471:
5467:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5433:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5368:
5366:
5363:
5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5338:
5336:
5333:
5331:
5328:
5326:
5323:
5321:
5318:
5316:
5313:
5311:
5308:
5306:
5303:
5301:
5298:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5288:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5263:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5187:
5185:
5181:
5174:
5173:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5112:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5046:
5043:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5026:
5025:Jabal Shammar
5023:
5021:
5018:
5015:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5005:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4950:
4948:
4944:
4938:
4935:
4933:
4930:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4878:
4872:
4871:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4681:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4625:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4586:
4585:
4583:
4581:
4577:
4571:
4568:
4567:
4565:
4563:
4559:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4517:Liechtenstein
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4495:
4491:
4485:
4484:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4414:
4412:
4410:
4406:
4400:
4399:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4375:
4371:
4368:
4364:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4321:
4320:Queen regnant
4318:
4317:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4302:
4300:
4296:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4279:Republicanism
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4259:Head of state
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4210:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4193:Non-sovereign
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4154:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4121:
4117:
4110:
4105:
4103:
4098:
4096:
4091:
4090:
4087:
4075:
4067:
4065:
4057:
4055:
4045:
4043:
4033:
4032:
4029:
4020:
4017:
4012:
4009:
4004:
4001:
3996:
3993:
3988:
3981:
3978:
3973:
3970:
3965:
3962:
3957:
3954:
3949:
3946:
3941:
3938:
3933:
3932:
3928:
3923:
3920:
3915:
3912:
3907:
3904:
3900:
3899:
3894:
3887:
3884:
3879:
3876:
3871:
3868:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3714:
3712:
3706:
3697:
3694:
3689:
3686:
3681:
3678:
3673:
3670:
3665:
3662:
3657:
3654:
3649:
3646:
3641:
3638:
3633:
3630:
3625:
3622:
3617:
3614:
3609:
3606:
3601:
3598:
3593:
3590:
3585:
3582:
3577:
3574:
3569:
3566:
3561:
3558:
3553:
3550:
3545:
3542:
3537:
3534:
3529:
3528:Tuadhmhumhain
3526:
3525:
3523:
3517:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3465:Poynings' Law
3463:
3462:
3460:
3454:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3433:
3430:
3427:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3341:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3304:
3299:
3297:
3292:
3290:
3285:
3284:
3281:
3273:
3269:
3266:
3263:
3259:
3257:
3252:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3230:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3168:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3154:
3151:
3148:
3144:
3142:
3137:
3134:
3130:
3128:
3125:An inaugural
3123:
3120:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3077:
3074:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3040:
3037:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3016:
3013:
3010:
3007:, B. Wailes,
3006:
3003:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2978:
2975:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2954:
2951:
2948:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2903:
2900:
2897:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2876:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2863:9780521030274
2859:
2855:
2850:
2846:
2844:9780521465922
2840:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2808:
2804:
2797:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2780:
2775:
2772:
2768:
2762:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2724:
2718:
2715:
2710:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2690:
2687:
2674:
2670:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2634:
2631:
2628:
2624:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2600:
2597:
2593:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2543:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2526:
2523:
2520:
2515:
2512:
2508:
2502:
2498:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2478:Commonwealth.
2474:
2472:0-333-80265-9
2468:
2464:
2460:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2437:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2420:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2386:
2383:
2378:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2363:
2355:
2352:
2339:
2338:
2331:
2328:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2301:
2298:
2295:
2291:
2286:
2283:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2245:
2242:
2237:
2231:
2228:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2190:
2187:
2180:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2161:
2158:According to
2156:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2110:dual monarchy
2107:
2103:
2099:
2095:
2093:
2092:Bulmer Hobson
2089:
2085:
2081:
2080:Ernest Blythe
2076:
2073:
2067:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2024:Easter Rising
2020:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1949:
1947:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1907:
1900:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1785:(part of the
1784:
1780:
1777:of 1688. The
1776:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1576:, a previous
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1486:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1460:
1458:
1455:had left the
1454:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1436:According to
1434:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1399:head of state
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1348:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1279:republicanism
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1213:British Crown
1210:
1206:
1200:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1179:British Isles
1176:
1172:
1171:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1033:
1028:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
995:
992:
987:
983:
980:
977:
973:
969:
965:
962:
961:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
903:
899:
896:
895:
893:
890:
887:
884:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
860:
859:
857:
854:
851:
848:
843:
839:
835:
832:
829:
828:
826:
823:
818:
814:
810:
809:
807:
804:
803:
801:
793:
791:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
764:
762:
758:
754:
749:
747:
743:
739:
738:Cambro-Norman
735:
730:
726:
722:
716:
708:
706:
704:
700:
696:
692:
687:
685:
684:Anglo-Normans
681:
676:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
648:
646:
642:
638:
633:
631:
627:
623:
622:County Galway
619:
618:
613:
609:
605:
600:
598:
593:
589:
585:
581:
574:
570:
563:
558:
555:
553:, c.1156â1166
552:
549:
547:, c.1119â1156
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
489:
486:
485:Donnchad Donn
483:
480:
479:Niall GlĂșndub
477:
474:
471:
468:
467:Ăed Findliath
465:
462:
459:
458:
454:
452:
450:
445:
433:
428:
426:
421:
420:MĂĄire Herbert
416:
408:
405:
400:
397:
394:
391:
388:
385:
382:
379:
376:
375:Kings of Mide
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
358:
355:
352:
349:
348:
347:
340:
336:
334:
333:unitary state
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
285:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
244:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
148:
145:Badge of the
143:
139:
131:
128:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: â
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
5663:South Africa
5658:Sierra Leone
5605:
5435:Two Sicilies
5370:Papal States
5314:
5170:
5109:
5002:
4868:
4628:Cook Islands
4481:
4467:Saudi Arabia
4396:
3956:Commonwealth
3955:
3931:Commonwealth
3929:
3896:
3851:
3837:Orange Order
3757:Common Pleas
3745:King's Bench
3656:TĂr Chonaill
3616:Deasmhumhain
3600:Iar Connacht
3271:
3267:
3258:Charter Poem
3253:
3239:
3235:
3226:
3221:Clonmacnoise
3211:
3205:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3183:
3169:
3156:
3152:
3146:
3138:
3132:
3124:
3114:
3106:
3096:
3092:
3082:
3078:
3072:
3068:
3062:
3058:
3052:
3048:
3038:
3028:
3024:
3014:
3008:
3004:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2980:
2976:
2962:
2956:
2952:
2942:
2936:
2928:
2918:
2913:Irish Jurist
2912:
2904:
2898:
2888:
2884:
2878:
2870:
2853:
2834:
2811:. Retrieved
2806:
2802:
2789:
2778:
2774:
2766:
2761:
2750:
2746:
2738:
2733:
2722:
2717:
2708:
2702:
2689:
2677:. Retrieved
2672:
2663:
2652:
2648:
2637:
2633:
2622:
2618:
2603:
2599:
2589:
2581:
2571:
2568:In My Garden
2563:
2555:
2552:Appendix III
2542:
2525:
2514:
2496:
2476:
2458:
2452:
2436:
2403:(1): 72â90.
2400:
2396:
2385:
2361:
2354:
2342:. Retrieved
2336:
2330:
2318:. Retrieved
2313:
2309:
2300:
2289:
2285:
2249:Pittock 2006
2244:
2230:
2217:
2208:
2195:
2189:
2164:
2157:
2138:
2096:
2078:
2069:
2021:
2014:
2008:
1992:
1969:
1953:
1943:
1842:
1811:to form the
1796:(1702â1714)
1772:
1694:
1663:
1662:(1554â1558)
1656:(1553â1558)
1615:
1590:
1570:O'Brien Clan
1551:
1511:constitution
1488:
1461:
1457:Commonwealth
1437:
1435:
1407:
1352:
1249:
1202:
1167:
1152:Commonwealth
1109:
1097:Pope Paul IV
1086:
1067:
1053:
1038:
999:
960:(1485â1509)
900:was created
894:(1377â1399)
866:Robert Bruce
862:Edward Bruce
858:(1307â1327)
827:(1216â1272)
808:(1177â1216)
765:
750:
748:and France.
718:
695:Clonmacnoise
688:
677:
649:
637:Anglo-Norman
634:
615:
611:
601:
591:
577:
441:
430:
424:
418:
406:
345:
289:
245:
214:
171:
152:
138:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
5602:British Raj
5574:(Sri Lanka)
5460:WĂŒrttemberg
5172:South Yemen
5060:Maguindanao
4953:Afghanistan
4714:Barotseland
4650:Saint Lucia
4623:New Zealand
4532:Netherlands
4305:Chhatrapati
4289:Sovereignty
4229:Aristocracy
4074:WikiProject
4022:(1760â1800)
4014:(1727â1760)
4006:(1714â1727)
3998:(1702â1714)
3990:(1689â1694)
3983:(1689â1702)
3980:William III
3975:(1685â1691)
3967:(1660â1685)
3959:(1659â1660)
3951:(1658â1659)
3943:(1653â1658)
3935:(1649â1653)
3925:(1625â1649)
3917:(1603â1625)
3909:(1558â1603)
3906:Elizabeth I
3901:(1554â1558)
3898:jure uxoris
3889:(1553â1558)
3873:(1547â1553)
3865:(1542â1547)
3741:Four Courts
3710:and society
3672:Fear Manach
3664:TĂr Eoghain
3568:UĂ DĂarmata
3552:Clanricarde
3367:New English
3196:pp. 33â52,
2813:2 September
2679:2 September
2022:During the
1995:royal style
1933:Edward VIII
1896:(1910â1922)
1890:(1901â1910)
1884:(1837â1901)
1878:(1830â1837)
1872:(1820â1830)
1866:(1801â1820)
1839:(1760â1801)
1833:(1727â1760)
1827:(1714â1727)
1803:united the
1769:(1689â1694)
1763:William III
1759:(1685â1689)
1753:(1660â1685)
1727:, then the
1721:Interregnum
1691:(1625â1649)
1685:(1603â1625)
1679:(1558â1603)
1677:Elizabeth I
1665:jure uxoris
1644:(1547â1553)
1424:called the
1377:within the
1361:) left the
1303:County Mayo
1293:Pretender,
1187:Westminster
1099:issued the
1095:, in 1554,
996:(1509â1542)
954:(1483â1485)
952:Richard III
942:(1471â1483)
936:(1470â1471)
930:(1461â1470)
924:(1422â1461)
918:(1413â1422)
912:(1399â1413)
888:(1327â1377)
852:(1272â1307)
559:, 1166â1198
541:, died 1121
535:, died 1119
529:, died 1086
523:, died 1072
517:, died 1064
511:, 1002â1014
473:Flann Sinna
395:(1118â1543)
262:within the
223:to include
5697:Categories
5668:Tanganyika
5583:The Gambia
5511:NiuÄ-Fekai
5450:Yugoslavia
5350:Montenegro
5157:Upper Yafa
5152:Upper Asir
4789:Madagascar
4522:Luxembourg
4254:Government
4219:Abdication
4188:Hereditary
4116:Monarchies
4019:George III
3964:Charles II
3862:Henry VIII
3855:and rulers
3782:Ascendancy
3680:UĂ CathĂĄin
3584:Magh Luirg
3560:UĂ Failghe
3500:Popery Act
3495:Penal Laws
3458:Parliament
3436:Wild Geese
3426:Barbadosed
3345:and events
3215:, king of
3188:Bart Jaski
3111:Bart Jaski
2376:0300030711
2266:Aston 2002
2176:References
2124:until the
2032:Republican
1888:Edward VII
1876:William IV
1864:George III
1837:George III
1751:Charles II
1717:Charles II
1633:Henry VIII
1574:Brian Boru
1539:Oireachtas
1341:Queen Mary
1312:Wolfe Tone
1263:Wild Geese
1197:See also:
1136:Charles II
1101:papal bull
1078:Henry VIII
994:Henry VIII
892:Richard II
886:Edward III
798:See also:
790:) origin.
784:FitzGerald
509:Brian Boru
365:(406â1474)
202:Henry VIII
117:March 2021
87:newspapers
5638:Mauritius
5531:Rarotonga
5516:Nuku Hiva
5506:Mangareva
5481:Bora Bora
5360:NeuchĂątel
5330:Lithuania
5235:Catalonia
5122:Sri Lanka
5075:Manchukuo
5050:Kurdistan
5004:Indonesia
4927:Talamanca
4887:AraucanĂa
4870:and other
4849:Wassoulou
4593:Australia
4269:Oligarchy
4011:George II
3922:Charles I
3870:Edward VI
3827:Defenders
3807:Jacobites
3786:Recusancy
3749:Exchequer
3696:UĂ MhĂĄine
3648:Cairbrigh
3592:AirgĂalla
3536:UĂ Echach
3521:conquests
3256:Airgialla
3119:Groningen
3033:Edinburgh
2441:Section 1
2320:2 October
2181:Citations
2098:Sinn FĂ©in
2009:In 1906,
1940:George VI
1938:Arguably
1870:George IV
1831:George II
1689:Charles I
1642:Edward VI
1623:An Irish
1527:George VI
1439:The Times
1365:. These '
1168:see also
1160:Irish Sea
1116:Charles I
958:Henry VII
940:Edward IV
928:Edward IV
856:Edward II
825:Henry III
776:MacCarthy
673:Waterford
499:, 955â978
493:, 943â954
487:, 918â942
481:, 915â917
475:, 877â914
469:, 861â876
463:, 846â860
297:AirgĂalla
5653:Rhodesia
5648:Pakistan
5567:Barbados
5536:Rimatara
5526:Rapa Iti
5455:Valencia
5430:Tavolara
5420:Scotland
5385:Portugal
5345:Moldavia
5230:Bulgaria
5225:Brittany
5200:Asturias
5080:Mongolia
5070:Maldives
4932:Trinidad
4922:Suriname
4880:Americas
4864:Zimbabwe
4859:Zanzibar
4844:Wituland
4819:Ngazidja
4814:Ndzuwani
4749:Ethiopia
4472:Thailand
4452:Malaysia
4432:Cambodia
4382:Eswatini
4178:Elective
4163:Absolute
4064:Category
4003:George I
3972:James II
3852:Monarchs
3753:Chancery
3708:Politics
3456:Acts of
3073:Traditio
2921:UĂ NĂ©ill
2809:: 95â109
2741:, p. 241
2427:and the
2066:wrote:
2052:Bulgaria
1976:Dominion
1923:Dominion
1915:George V
1894:George V
1882:Victoria
1847:, which
1825:George I
1757:James II
1711:and the
1383:Province
1375:dominion
1359:counties
1343:in 1911.
1337:George V
1305:for the
1291:Jacobite
1256:Jacobite
946:Edward V
934:Henry VI
922:Henry VI
910:Henry IV
850:Edward I
753:the Pale
746:Scotland
680:Connacht
645:Henry II
641:Leinster
604:Leinster
435:â
359:(?-1590)
305:Leinster
301:Connacht
260:dominion
225:Scotland
186:Holy See
5643:Nigeria
5618:Ireland
5546:Tahuata
5521:Raiatea
5501:Huahine
5476:Abemama
5469:Oceania
5440:Tuscany
5395:Romania
5390:Prussia
5355:Navarre
5335:Majorca
5315:Ireland
5310:Imereti
5305:Iceland
5300:Hungary
5295:Hanover
5290:Granada
5280:Germany
5275:Georgia
5270:Galicia
5260:Finland
5250:Corsica
5245:Cilicia
5215:Bavaria
5205:Austria
5190:Albania
5162:Vietnam
5105:Sarawak
5095:Qu'aiti
5030:Kathiri
4993:Dapitan
4968:Bukhara
4917:Miskito
4839:Tunisia
4829:Shilluk
4739:Dahomey
4729:Burundi
4719:Bagirmi
4699:Adamawa
4618:Jamaica
4613:Grenada
4598:Bahamas
4562:Oceania
4512:Denmark
4507:Belgium
4502:Andorra
4417:Bahrain
4392:Morocco
4387:Lesotho
4366:Current
4357:Pharaoh
4310:Emperor
4249:Dynasty
4203:Regency
4183:Federal
4173:Diarchy
4127:Monarch
3987:Mary II
3914:James I
3608:Umhaill
3343:General
3317:History
3274:, 2008.
3217:Desmond
3147:Peritia
3121:, 1996.
3089:, 1995.
3021:, 1984.
2999:Belfast
2895:, 1938.
2826:Sources
2769:, p. 98
2443:of the
2056:English
2048:Romania
2040:Ireland
1978:of the
1925:of the
1767:Mary II
1683:James I
1545:by the
1442:, the "
1355:Ireland
1175:Richard
1008:by the
1004:by the
916:Henry V
772:O'Brien
768:O'Neill
321:Thomond
317:Munster
313:Osraige
184:of the
155:Ireland
101:scholar
5678:Uganda
5628:Malawi
5593:Guyana
5572:Ceylon
5551:Tahiti
5541:Rurutu
5496:Hawaii
5425:Serbia
5410:Saxony
5400:Russia
5285:Greece
5265:France
5255:Cyprus
5240:Crimea
5220:Bosnia
5195:Aragon
5183:Europe
5147:Taiwan
5117:Sikkim
5100:Ryukyu
5085:Najran
4983:Chehab
4963:Bengal
4912:Mexico
4897:Brazil
4824:Rwanda
4804:Maravi
4704:Ankole
4692:Africa
4684:Former
4665:Tuvalu
4608:Canada
4603:Belize
4547:Sweden
4537:Norway
4527:Monaco
4494:Europe
4447:Kuwait
4442:Jordan
4427:Brunei
4422:Bhutan
4374:Africa
4347:Sultan
4298:Titles
4212:Topics
3985:&
3893:Philip
3891:&
3886:Mary I
3817:Tories
3784:&
3699:(1611)
3691:(1607)
3683:(1607)
3675:(1607)
3667:(1607)
3659:(1607)
3651:(1606)
3643:(1605)
3635:(1603)
3632:Laigin
3627:(1602)
3619:(1596)
3611:(1593)
3603:(1589)
3595:(1585)
3587:(1585)
3579:(1574)
3571:(1574)
3563:(1550)
3555:(1544)
3547:(1543)
3544:LoĂgis
3539:(1543)
3531:(1543)
3519:Gaelic
3391:Ulster
3103:, 1995
3035:, 1988
3019:Oxford
3001:, 1978
2973:, 2001
2971:Dublin
2949:, 1972
2893:Dublin
2860:
2841:
2503:
2469:
2417:
2373:
2028:Dublin
1935:(1936)
1707:, the
1654:Mary I
1449:styles
1387:Ulster
1259:Stuart
1242:. The
1219:, the
1089:Mary I
948:(1483)
788:Butler
703:Gaelic
665:Laigin
626:Dublin
588:Dublin
325:Ulster
293:Ailech
256:Ulster
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
5633:Malta
5623:Kenya
5598:India
5588:Ghana
5415:Savoy
5405:Samos
5320:Italy
5167:Yemen
5142:Tibet
5137:Syria
5090:Nepal
5065:Mahra
5045:Kumul
5040:Korea
5035:Khiva
5014:Qajar
4998:Hejaz
4988:China
4973:Burma
4902:Haiti
4892:Aztec
4809:Mwali
4799:Maore
4779:Libya
4774:Kongo
4769:Kaffa
4764:Gumma
4759:Gomma
4754:Ghana
4744:Egypt
4724:Bornu
4709:Aussa
4570:Tonga
4542:Spain
4462:Qatar
4437:Japan
3812:Whigs
3113:, in
2799:(PDF)
2415:JSTOR
2344:6 May
1944:(see
1625:groat
1105:Ilius
780:Burke
617:caput
108:JSTOR
94:books
5578:Fiji
5132:Sulu
5111:Shan
5055:Laos
5020:Iraq
5010:Iran
4978:Cebu
4958:Asir
4946:Asia
4907:Inca
4854:Yeke
4794:Mali
4784:Luba
4633:Niue
4483:list
4457:Oman
4409:Asia
4398:list
4352:Shah
4342:Tsar
4337:khan
4332:Raja
4315:King
4156:Type
3995:Anne
3773:Army
3755:and
3728:and
3176:Tara
3172:Bede
3053:CMCS
3009:CMCS
2981:Eiru
2858:ISBN
2839:ISBN
2815:2018
2681:2018
2501:ISBN
2467:ISBN
2371:ISBN
2346:2009
2322:2008
2147:and
2050:and
1986:was
1843:The
1807:and
1799:The
1794:Anne
1695:The
1591:The
1525:was
1515:Ăire
1339:and
1203:The
1068:The
806:John
729:John
723:had
669:Mide
323:and
309:Mide
215:The
182:fief
80:news
5340:Man
3133:ZCP
3127:ode
3095:in
3081:in
3063:EtC
2879:ZCP
2783:175
2755:101
2727:233
2657:301
2627:255
2612:141
2463:120
2405:doi
2367:181
2042:to
2026:in
1789:).
1385:of
1185:at
63:by
5699::
5616:/
5604:,
3751:,
3747:,
3260:,
3246:,
3186:,
3161:,
3109:,
3099:,
3041:,
2965:,
2945:,
2935:,
2931:,
2911:,
2907:,
2877:,
2873:,
2807:47
2805:.
2801:.
2671:.
2642:66
2606:,
2588:,
2570:,
2485:^
2475:.
2465:.
2413:.
2401:46
2399:.
2395:.
2369:.
2312:.
2308:.
2294:66
2273:^
2256:^
2220:.
2198:.
2155:.
1859:.
1746:.
1703:,
1603:.
1549:.
1475:.
1459:.
1416:,
1405:.
1231:.
1126:,
1051:.
1012:.
868:,
786:,
782:,
774:,
770:,
675:.
335:.
319:,
315:,
311:,
307:,
303:,
299:,
295:,
5610:)
5600:(
5175:)
5169:(
5016:)
5012:(
4108:e
4101:t
4094:v
3788:)
3780:(
3759:)
3743:(
3732:)
3724:(
3438:)
3434:(
3428:)
3424:(
3403:)
3399:(
3393:)
3389:(
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3295:t
3288:v
2866:.
2847:.
2817:.
2683:.
2447:.
2421:.
2407::
2379:.
2348:.
2324:.
2314:9
2238:.
2202:.
1950:.
1948:)
1349:.
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880:.
819:.
149:.
130:)
124:(
119:)
115:(
105:·
98:·
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