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This concept of cosmic linkage between natural disasters and human conduct was radically rejected at the height of Maoist years when nature was represented as ‘an enemy to be overcome, an adversary to be brought to heel’. Propaganda posters were produced with the slogan, "Earthquakes cannot frighten
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In ancient beliefs, natural disasters were seen as Heaven's response to immoral human behaviour, whereby the conduct of different individuals carried different weights. While the behaviour of common people ranked last, the actions of bureaucrats had a greater effect. Given that in
Imperial China the
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emperor's behaviour was believed to be the most important, popular belief was that the emperor should attempt to prevent disasters by ensuring his conduct was in following with moral codes – and if a disaster should occur, he was responsible for addressing the consequences. According to the
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departments in their decision-making and technical support for China's disaster-reduction undertakings by way of collecting and analyzing disaster information, assessing disasters and
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215:. Each provincial, autonomous regional, and centrally administered municipal government also has its own earthquake administration that is under the direction of CEA.
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that affect the country according to its particular geographic and geologic features affecting both humans and animals.
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engaged in information services and supporting decisions on various natural disasters. It provides reference for
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in 1971 to take charge of monitoring, research, and emergency response for earthquakes. It was renamed
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433:, Elvin, M. ‘Who Was Responsible for the Weather? Moral Meteorology in Late Imperial China’
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465:"Responsibility, legitimacy, morality: Chinese humanitarianism in historical perspective"
448:"Responsibility, legitimacy, morality: Chinese humanitarianism in historical perspective"
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Natural disasters reveal the traditional view of disasters as
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Cooperative
Mechanisms under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement
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Science, Technology, and
Medicine in East and Southeast Asia
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Aftermath devastation at
Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County.
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Illustrative model of greenhouse effect on climate change
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Earthquake prevention and
Disaster Reduction Act of PRC
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United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
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57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4014:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
172:us, the people will certainly conquer nature."
4128:
2759:History of climate change policy and politics
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140:in China are the result of several different
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2876:Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
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3641:Adaptation strategies on the German coast
2784:United Nations Climate Change conferences
521:National Disaster Reduction Center (NDRC)
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
3345:Co-benefits of climate change mitigation
386:(MCA) is a specialized agency under the
3701:National Adaptation Programme of Action
3490:Land use, land-use change, and forestry
426:
3350:Economics of climate change mitigation
3313:Gold Standard (carbon offset standard)
2664:Scientific consensus on climate change
1498:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
4009:Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
160:(天災), literally 'heavenly disaster'.
7:
4031:Representative Concentration Pathway
2982:Tipping points in the climate system
2658:Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere
534:China mulls emergency management law
55:adding citations to reliable sources
3802:Nationally determined contributions
3512:Individual action on climate change
2727:World energy supply and consumption
2194:Major Historical and Cultural Sites
3941:Fixed anvil temperature hypothesis
497:"Introduction to CEA (中国地震局:机构简介)"
377:National Disaster Reduction Center
197:National Earthquake Administration
25:
3868:Satellite temperature measurement
3473:forestry for carbon sequestration
2764:History of climate change science
1489:Political Consultative Conference
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3719:Climate Change Performance Index
2275:Four Masters of the Yuan dynasty
2270:Four Masters of the Ming dynasty
31:
3858:Instrumental temperature record
3809:Sustainable Development Goal 13
2265:Four Paragons of the Early Tang
1462:Political parties and movements
826:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
811:Northern and Southern dynasties
527:Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA)
201:China Earthquake Administration
42:needs additional citations for
4144:Natural disasters in the World
3926:Climate variability and change
2967:Retreat of glaciers since 1850
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469:Overseas Development Institute
452:Overseas Development Institute
166:Overseas Development Institute
1:
4036:Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
3571:Climate emergency declaration
293:2007 Shandong coal mine flood
268:1851–1855 Yellow River floods
4019:IPCC Sixth Assessment Report
3245:Middle East and North Africa
1567:Ministry of National Defense
906:Chinese Communist Revolution
187:List of earthquakes in China
66:"Natural disasters in China"
2230:Flowers of the Four Seasons
2215:Four Treasures of the Study
1834:Water supply and sanitation
1562:Central Military Commission
1557:Outline of military history
1307:Province-level subdivisions
537:, PRC government web portal
323:2013 Southwest China floods
283:Eastern China flood of 1991
262:Flooding of the Pearl River
207:) in 1998, mandated by the
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4309:Natural disasters in China
3853:Global surface temperature
3744:Popular culture depictions
3656:Ecosystem-based adaptation
3386:Carbon capture and storage
3308:Carbon offsets and credits
1503:Primary stage of socialism
1445:National People's Congress
913:People's Republic of China
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193:People's Republic of China
184:
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4065:Climate change portal
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3958:Extreme event attribution
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3581:School Strike for Climate
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3460:Climate-smart agriculture
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2607:Climate change adaptation
2602:Climate change mitigation
2597:Effects of climate change
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1253:UNESCO Biosphere Reserves
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383:Ministry of Civil Affairs
288:Shalan Town flood of 2005
233:, the worst ever was the
3968:Global warming potential
3775:International agreements
3422:Preserving and enhancing
2866:Arctic methane emissions
2788:Years in climate change
2695:Greenhouse gas emissions
2592:Causes of climate change
2428:Catholic Church in China
1572:People's Liberation Army
1539:One country, two systems
365:List of plagues in China
318:2013 China–Russia floods
225:List of famines in China
3999:Climate change scenario
3651:Disaster risk reduction
3303:Carbon emission trading
3113:U.S. insurance industry
3093:Civilizational collapse
2940:sea surface temperature
2260:Four Pillars of Destiny
2045:Regional discrimination
1467:Chinese Communist Party
415:Climate change in China
313:July 2012 Beijing flood
148:Perception of disasters
18:List of floods in China
3992:Research and modelling
3676:Nature-based solutions
3496:Nature-based solutions
3438:Carbon dioxide removal
3355:Fossil fuel divestment
3340:Climate risk insurance
3250:Small island countries
2871:Arctic sea ice decline
2013:Science and technology
1686:Special economic zones
938:persecution of Uyghurs
866:Century of humiliation
247:List of fires in China
134:
3953:Earth's energy budget
3836:Background and theory
3724:Climate crisis (term)
3396:Fossil fuel phase-out
3290:Economics and finance
3255:by individual country
3197:By country and region
3172:Security and conflict
3167:Psychological impacts
2856:Abrupt climate change
2779:Charles David Keeling
2612:By country and region
2220:Four Great Inventions
1604:People's Armed Police
353:2024 Guangdong floods
132:
3782:Glasgow Climate Pact
3443:Carbon sequestration
3018:Mass mortality event
2199:World Heritage Sites
1727:Foreign aid received
1435:Environmental policy
1233:Environmental policy
1228:Environmental issues
370:Emergency management
235:Great Chinese Famine
51:improve this article
3921:Climate sensitivity
3696:The Adaptation Fund
3152:Infectious diseases
3059:Social and economic
2445:History of religion
2440:Freedom of religion
2295:Four Pests campaign
2240:Four Classic Novels
1852:Automotive industry
1732:Foreign aid program
1423:Pro-democratisation
918:Cultural Revolution
392:disaster-management
258:Yellow River floods
3492:(LULUCF and AFOLU)
3464:Forest management
3448:Direct air capture
3413:Sustainable energy
3370:Net zero emissions
3365:Low-carbon economy
3360:Green Climate Fund
3147:Indigenous peoples
3050:Plant biodiversity
2838:Effects and issues
2352:Population history
2332:Internal migration
1947:Harmonious Society
1822:Telecommunications
1779:Standard of living
1698:Online advertising
1450:Standing Committee
388:Chinese Government
298:2009 Luoding flood
278:1935 Yangtze flood
154:divine retribution
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2654:Greenhouse effect
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1472:General Secretary
1457:National security
1440:Foreign relations
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901:Chinese Civil War
896:Republic of China
871:Taiping Rebellion
744:Spring and Autumn
649:Foreign relations
463:Krebs, Hanna B.
348:2023 China floods
343:2022 China floods
338:2021 China floods
333:2020 China floods
328:2017 China floods
308:2011 China floods
303:2010 China floods
273:1931 China floods
138:Natural disasters
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3593:Ecological grief
3576:Climate movement
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3517:Plant-based diet
3408:Renewable energy
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3108:Economic impacts
3040:Invasive species
2896:Coastal flooding
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2769:Svante Arrhenius
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2715:from agriculture
2705:Carbon footprint
2690:Greenhouse gases
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2406:Tibetan Buddhism
2401:Chinese Buddhism
2255:Four Holy Beasts
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2057:Social relations
1986:Standard Chinese
1981:Chinese language
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1676:Economic history
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1621:Maritime Militia
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1297:Border crossings
1292:Baseline islands
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923:Tiananmen Square
806:Sixteen Kingdoms
614:Military history
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471:, September 2014
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454:, September 2014
446:Krebs, Hanna B.
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396:emergency relief
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231:famines in China
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3792:Paris Agreement
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3766:Warming stripes
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3671:Managed retreat
3666:Loss and damage
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3561:Business action
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3335:Climate finance
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3030:Extinction risk
3006:Flora and fauna
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2962:Permafrost thaw
2957:Ozone depletion
2886:Extreme weather
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2003:Public holidays
1991:Written Chinese
1976:Intellectualism
1928:Sex trafficking
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1390:
1381:Nationality law
1364:Law enforcement
1342:Judicial system
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1248:Nature reserves
1238:Protected areas
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1175:Water resources
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928:Economic reform
891:1911 Revolution
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841:Jin (1115–1234)
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4191:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4132:
4125:
4117:
4108:
4107:
4105:
4104:
4092:
4080:
4068:
4053:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3995:
3993:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3944:
3943:
3933:
3931:Cloud feedback
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3886:
3880:
3878:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3849:
3847:
3839:
3838:
3835:
3828:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3805:
3804:
3799:
3789:
3787:Kyoto Protocol
3784:
3778:
3776:
3772:
3771:
3769:
3768:
3763:
3762:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3741:
3739:Media coverage
3736:
3731:
3729:Climate spiral
3726:
3721:
3715:
3713:
3707:
3706:
3704:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3637:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3625:
3620:
3618:Public opinion
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3584:
3583:
3573:
3568:
3566:Climate action
3563:
3557:
3555:
3547:
3546:
3540:
3533:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3508:
3506:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3478:REDD and REDD+
3475:
3470:
3462:
3457:
3455:Carbon farming
3452:
3451:
3450:
3445:
3435:
3429:
3427:
3419:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3388:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3316:
3315:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3292:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3269:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3201:
3199:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3187:Water security
3184:
3182:Water scarcity
3179:
3177:Urban flooding
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3079:
3078:
3073:
3062:
3060:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3035:Forest dieback
3032:
3027:
3022:
3021:
3020:
3009:
3007:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2979:
2974:
2972:Sea level rise
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2947:
2945:stratification
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2852:
2850:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2741:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2710:Carbon leakage
2707:
2702:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2651:
2649:Climate system
2645:
2643:
2635:
2634:
2629:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2574:
2573:
2570:Climate change
2568:
2566:
2565:
2558:
2551:
2543:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2518:
2517:
2510:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2430:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2403:
2392:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2361:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2225:Four Gentlemen
2222:
2217:
2211:
2209:
2208:Fours of China
2202:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2093:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2027:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1978:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1964:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1942:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1857:Civil aviation
1854:
1848:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1830:
1829:
1819:
1818:
1817:
1806:
1804:
1803:Infrastructure
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1757:Semiconductors
1754:
1749:
1739:
1737:Historical GDP
1734:
1729:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1673:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1656:
1651:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1601:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1553:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1515:Vice President
1507:
1506:
1505:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1415:
1410:
1404:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1361:
1360:
1359:
1354:
1344:
1338:
1336:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1288:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1265:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1243:National parks
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1223:Climate policy
1220:
1218:Climate change
1214:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1124:Central Plains
1113:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1011:
1006:
1001:
995:
993:
984:
983:
978:
973:
971:Extreme points
968:
962:
956:
950:
949:
946:
945:
943:
942:
941:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
910:
909:
908:
903:
893:
887:
885:
879:
878:
876:
875:
874:
873:
868:
863:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
797:
796:
791:
786:
779:Three Kingdoms
776:
771:
765:
763:
757:
756:
754:
753:
752:
751:
749:Warring States
746:
741:
731:
730:
729:
719:
713:
711:
705:
704:
702:
701:
700:
699:
694:
689:
679:
673:
671:
665:
664:
662:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
640:
639:
634:
629:
621:
616:
611:
609:Historiography
606:
601:
595:
593:
586:
580:
579:
570:
568:
567:
560:
553:
545:
539:
538:
530:
524:
516:
515:External links
513:
510:
509:
488:
485:《中华人民共和国防震减灾法》
473:
456:
439:
425:
424:
422:
419:
418:
417:
410:
407:
403:remote sensing
380:(NDRC) of the
371:
368:
363:Main article:
360:
357:
356:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
280:
275:
270:
253:
250:
245:Main article:
242:
239:
223:Main article:
220:
217:
195:established a
185:Main article:
182:
179:
177:
174:
149:
146:
125:
124:
39:
37:
30:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4321:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4304:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4284:United States
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4149:
4145:
4138:
4133:
4131:
4126:
4124:
4119:
4118:
4115:
4103:
4102:
4093:
4091:
4090:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4055:
4054:
4051:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4004:Climate model
4002:
4000:
3997:
3996:
3994:
3990:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3942:
3939:
3938:
3937:
3936:Cloud forcing
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3875:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3833:
3829:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3794:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3773:
3767:
3764:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3746:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3712:
3711:Communication
3708:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3691:Vulnerability
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3661:Flood control
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3647:
3644:
3642:
3639:
3638:
3636:
3634:
3630:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3548:
3544:
3538:
3534:
3518:
3515:
3514:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3484:
3483:reforestation
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3468:afforestation
3466:
3465:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3430:
3428:
3426:
3420:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3403:Nuclear power
3401:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3377:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3298:Carbon budget
3296:
3295:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3283:
3279:
3274:
3270:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3135:Mental health
3133:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3077:
3076:United States
3074:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3067:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3057:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3019:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3004:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2930:deoxygenation
2928:
2926:
2925:acidification
2923:
2922:
2921:
2918:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2905:
2904:
2901:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
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2854:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2839:
2834:
2830:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2756:
2753:
2746:
2742:
2728:
2725:
2721:
2720:from wetlands
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2680:Deforestation
2678:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2623:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2586:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2564:
2559:
2557:
2552:
2550:
2545:
2544:
2541:
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2433:Protestantism
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2419:
2418:Folk religion
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2322:Ethnic groups
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2256:
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2238:
2236:
2235:Four Beauties
2233:
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2206:
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2100:
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2080:
2077:
2075:
2074:Urban society
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2067:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2048:
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2036:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2030:Social issues
2028:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2008:Rural society
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1926:
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1915:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1908:Chinese Dream
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1873:
1872:Space program
1870:
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1525:
1524:
1523:
1522:State Council
1520:
1516:
1513:
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1508:
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1501:
1500:
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1433:
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1428:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1408:Civil service
1406:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1337:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1260:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1207:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1014:South Central
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
996:
994:
992:
988:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
963:
960:
957:
955:
951:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
915:
914:
911:
907:
904:
902:
899:
898:
897:
894:
892:
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888:
886:
884:
880:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
858:
857:
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852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
801:Jin (266–420)
799:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
781:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
764:
762:
758:
750:
747:
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736:
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684:
683:
680:
678:
675:
674:
672:
670:
666:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
644:Ethnic groups
642:
638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
624:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
596:
594:
590:
587:
585:
581:
577:
573:
566:
561:
559:
554:
552:
547:
546:
543:
536:
535:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
518:
514:
498:
492:
489:
482:
477:
474:
470:
466:
460:
457:
453:
449:
443:
440:
436:
430:
427:
420:
416:
413:
412:
408:
406:
404:
401:
397:
393:
389:
384:
378:
369:
366:
358:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
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299:
296:
294:
291:
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286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
265:
263:
259:
251:
248:
240:
238:
236:
232:
226:
218:
216:
214:
213:State Council
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
188:
180:
175:
173:
169:
167:
161:
159:
155:
147:
145:
143:
139:
131:
121:
118:
110:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
75:
71:
68: –
67:
63:
62:Find sources:
56:
52:
46:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
4173:
4099:
4087:
4075:
4056:
3889:Carbon cycle
3846:Measurements
3541:Society and
3425:carbon sinks
3330:Climate debt
3320:Carbon price
3142:Human rights
2977:Season creep
2935:heat content
2861:Anoxic event
2774:James Hansen
2423:Christianity
2413:Confucianism
2373:Urbanization
2309:Demographics
2285:Gang of Four
2250:Four Symbols
2149:Martial arts
1923:Prostitution
1810:Architecture
1664:Central bank
1532:Vice Premier
1484:United front
1413:Constitution
1369:Penal system
1347:Human rights
1284:Subdivisions
1122: /
1118: /
1041:Southwestern
1036:Northwestern
980:
739:Western Zhou
687:Yellow River
637:1949–present
533:
501:. Retrieved
499:(in Chinese)
491:
476:
468:
459:
451:
442:
434:
429:
373:
228:
208:
204:
196:
190:
170:
162:
157:
151:
137:
136:
113:
107:January 2008
104:
94:
87:
80:
73:
61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
4269:Philippines
4249:New Zealand
4194:El Salvador
3916:Carbon sink
3894:atmospheric
3759:video games
3433:Blue carbon
3066:Agriculture
3045:Marine life
2992:Water cycle
2950:temperature
2685:Fossil fuel
2189:Variety art
2184:Tea culture
2112:Calligraphy
2097:Archaeology
1957:Food safety
1752:Gold mining
1654:Aquaculture
1649:Agriculture
1609:Coast Guard
1376:Naming laws
1210:Environment
1198:South China
677:Paleolithic
669:Prehistoric
627:before 1912
181:Earthquakes
3948:Cryosphere
3909:permafrost
3681:Resilience
3633:Adaptation
3608:Litigation
3598:Governance
3543:adaptation
3325:Carbon tax
3278:Mitigation
3215:Antarctica
3103:Disability
2450:Irreligion
2347:Statistics
2317:Emigration
2280:Four Wangs
2169:Philosophy
2154:Mass media
2137:Literature
2035:Patriarchy
1998:Propaganda
1918:Corruption
1903:Censorship
1693:E-commerce
1400:Government
1193:East China
1165:Waterfalls
1111:Peninsulas
1079:Grasslands
503:2008-09-21
421:References
256:See also:
229:Among the
211:under the
77:newspapers
4254:Nicaragua
4214:Indonesia
4204:Guatemala
4164:Australia
4159:Argentina
3963:Feedbacks
3734:Education
3235:Caribbean
3230:Australia
3157:Migration
3120:Fisheries
3071:Livestock
2997:Wildfires
2903:Heat wave
2337:Languages
2290:Four Olds
2245:Four arts
2132:Libraries
2062:Structure
2025:Sexuality
1962:incidents
1935:Education
1844:Transport
1720:Renewable
1715:Petroleum
1510:President
1477:Politburo
1430:Elections
1418:Democracy
1386:Terrorism
1134:Volcanoes
1116:Northeast
1094:Mountains
1004:Northeast
954:Geography
861:High Qing
682:Neolithic
654:Dynasties
632:1912–1949
623:Economic
592:Overviews
400:satellite
4303:Category
4264:Pakistan
4234:Malaysia
4179:Colombia
4089:Glossary
4077:Category
3899:biologic
3613:Politics
3505:Personal
3210:Americas
3083:Children
2849:Physical
2642:Overview
2582:Overview
2523:Category
2396:Buddhism
2388:Religion
2365:Post-90s
2358:Post-80s
2102:Archives
1969:HIV/AIDS
1940:Literacy
1898:Abortion
1827:Internet
1784:Taxation
1767:Textiles
1747:Chemical
1742:Industry
1671:Currency
1549:Military
1357:in Tibet
1321:Politics
1258:Wildlife
1170:Wetlands
933:COVID-19
761:Imperial
659:Monarchs
619:Language
604:Timeline
576:articles
409:See also
158:tian zai
4289:Vietnam
4274:Romania
4259:Nigeria
4244:Myanmar
4189:Ecuador
4184:Croatia
4154:Andorra
3904:oceanic
3754:fiction
3603:Justice
3554:Society
3162:Poverty
2881:Drought
2749:History
2673:Sources
2507:Outline
2470:Symbols
2327:Eunuchs
2174:Smoking
2122:Cuisine
2089:Culture
2079:Welfare
2050:Suicide
2018:history
1886:Society
1815:Housing
1789:Tourism
1774:Poverty
1659:Banking
1637:Economy
1616:Militia
1527:Premier
1129:Valleys
1089:Islands
1074:Deserts
1064:Canyons
1052:Terrain
1031:Western
1019:Central
991:Regions
976:Geology
966:Borders
709:Ancient
692:Yangtze
599:History
584:History
481:Chinese
91:scholar
4279:Turkey
4169:Canada
3884:Albedo
3877:Theory
3588:Denial
3379:Energy
3240:Europe
3220:Arctic
3205:Africa
3130:Health
3125:Gender
3088:Cities
3013:Biomes
2920:Oceans
2908:Marine
2631:Causes
2528:Portal
2483:Emblem
2478:Anthem
2460:Taoism
2142:Poetry
2117:Cinema
2040:Racism
1952:Health
1705:Energy
1681:Reform
1592:Rocket
1577:Ground
1302:Cities
1188:Yellow
1160:Rivers
1150:Canals
1104:passes
1099:ranges
883:Modern
574:
483::
437:, 1998
359:Plague
219:Famine
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
4229:Kenya
4224:Japan
4219:Italy
4209:India
4199:Ghana
4174:China
4101:Index
3863:Proxy
3623:Women
3098:Crime
3025:Birds
2891:Flood
2514:Index
2455:Islam
2378:Women
2179:Sport
2164:Names
2159:Music
2127:Dance
1913:Crime
1794:Trade
1762:Steel
1268:Flora
1263:Fauna
1183:Bohai
1179:Seas
1155:Lakes
1143:Water
1120:North
1084:Hills
1069:Caves
1024:South
1009:North
722:Shang
572:China
529:, PRC
523:, PRC
252:Flood
176:Types
98:JSTOR
84:books
4239:Mali
3686:Risk
3225:Asia
2817:2024
2812:2023
2807:2022
2802:2021
2797:2020
2792:2019
2488:Flag
2069:Time
1862:Rail
1710:Coal
1582:Navy
1352:LGBT
1059:Bays
999:East
856:Qing
851:Ming
846:Yuan
836:Song
831:Liao
821:Tang
734:Zhou
727:Late
697:Liao
374:The
260:and
241:Fire
191:The
70:news
3749:art
2107:Art
1587:Air
1334:Law
816:Sui
789:Han
784:Wei
774:Han
769:Qin
717:Xia
205:CEA
53:by
4305::
794:Wu
467:,
450:,
405:.
237:.
156::
4136:e
4129:t
4122:v
2660:)
2656:(
2562:e
2555:t
2548:v
2367:"
2363:"
2360:"
2356:"
564:e
557:t
550:v
506:.
203:(
120:)
114:(
109:)
105:(
95:·
88:·
81:·
74:·
47:.
20:)
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