857:, PR Macedonia, is among the most respected contemporary writers of Kosovo in recent years. His life and literary production are intimately linked to Kosovo and its capital Pristina, where he has lived and worked since the 1970s. Basha is the author of eight volumes of innovative verse spanning the years from 1971 to 1995, three volumes of short stories and numerous translations (in particular French literature and drama). Eqrem Basha is an enigmatic poet. Perplexing, fascinating, and difficult to classify in a literary sense, he succeeds in transmitting a certain mystique to the inquisitive reader. At one moment he seems coolly logical and shows an admirable ability to reason deductively, and the next moment he is overcome by absurd flights of fancy into a surrealistic world where apparently nothing makes any sense. His verse is light, colloquial and much less declamatory than that of many of his predecessors.
649:. The sub-dialects of Malësia e Madhe and Dukagjini near Shkodra are being lost because the younger generations prefer to speak the sub-dialect of Shkodra. The other dialect is Tosk which is spoken in south Albania. When Albanian language was standardized in 1972,it was more based on Tosk than Gheg . The difference between these two dialects is mostly linguistic, but we have cultural factors too. Albanian can be divided into two main dialects, Gheg and Tosk. The Shkumbin river is roughly the dividing line, with Gheg spoken north of the Shkumbin and Tosk south of it. The Gheg literary language has been documented since 1462. Until the Communists took power in Albania, the standard was based on Gheg. Although the literary versions of Tosk and Gheg are mutually intelligible, many of the regional dialects are not. Nevertheless, Albanian language literature from Kosovo is mostly written in the Gheg dialect.
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Literature. During the 70s and 80s the most dominant kind of poetry was the one with unique poetic systems ruled by Sabri Hamiti and Musa
Ramadani. Sabri Hamiti forms a system of poetic opus while Musa Ramadani forms a type of poetic book system. "Neurosis" which is a summary of poetry by Musa Ramadani deals with avant-garde visual subjects. However, another important event in Kosovo's Literature is Ali Podrimja's "Lum Lumi" which covers the whole 8th decade of the 20th century. Kosovar literature has divided prose in two lines: traditional and modern lines. Traditional is expressed in romantic spirit and the modern spirit with literary currents of European modernism. Prose takes place also in two paths: Modernist intellectual direction and social topic. Modern prose with authentic symbolic signs was founded by Anton Pashku. The modern spirit with
796:. As a master of terse symbols and allegories, he also weaves elements of orally transmitted Albanian folk poetry, unusual metaphors and modern language use into his poetry, and surprises the reader with unexpected syntactic structures and subtle rhymes. Podrimja's collection "Ich sattle das Ross den Tod" (1991) I Saddle Death the Steed) was the very first German-language publication by a contemporary Albanian poet. In it, he condenses his experience of daily menace, injustice and Europe's apathy. Podrimja's books were translated also in other languages as: English, French, Italian, Polish, Romanian, Turkish, Greek, Serbian, Croatian, Slovenian, and also were present in many
1027:. Shkreli is an intellectual poet who, though highly expressive, is by no means verbose. His urban perception of things has given new significance to his experience of rural customs among the rugged tribes of the Rugova highlands with their traditional wisdom and way of life. His early volumes of verse offered masterful portraits of these legendary mountain inhabitants. The idyllic though specifically organized landscape which Azem Shkreli paints does not blind him to problems of ethics. Much of his verse, a moral catharsis in words, is devoted to the oppressed peoples of the
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Pristina in 2006 with a thesis on the prose fiction of James Joyce and Joseph Conrad. In the 1990s, Hamiti was an independent scholar at the
University of East Anglia and at Birkbeck College, University of London, respectively, pursuing research in and studies of literature. He taught English literature at the University of Pristina from 1989 until 2008. He is author of a monograph book on English literature, a range of literary essays, as well as literary translations from and into English.
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1031:, expressing a poetic solidarity with them against exploitation and suffering. Shkreli is also the author of the short story collection Sytë e Evës, Prishtina 1965 (Eve's eyes), and the novel Karvani i bardhë, Priština 1960 (The white caravan). For many years he has been chairman of the Kosovo Writers Association and Founding Director of Kosova Film. Shkreli climbed to the top of today's
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565:, who spent twenty-eight years as a political prisoner of Yugoslavian government, also plays a huge role in the advancement of the magazine "Jeta e Re" which later was published as a book, as well as the successful collections Njifyell ndër male (1953; a flute in the mountains), and Kânga e vërrinit (1954; song of the lowland pastures) by
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various anthologies and scholarly monographs, including a three-volume history of
Albanian literature in the Romantic period. He is also the author of the novel Vdekja më vjen prej syve të tillë (Death Comes to Me from Such Eyes, Pristina, 1974), translated into French, Italian, Greek, German, Dutch, Slovenian, Bulgarian and Serbian.
577:. In 1974, more freedom and a semblance of equality was given to Kosovo Albanians by the Yugoslav constitution for the first time, and literature bloomed on the Plain of the Blackbird in the following decade. From the several leading prose writers, some that are worth mentioning are Anton Pashku (1937–1995),
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in Zagreb, where she specialized in pediatrics, she returned to Kosovo and worked for a time as a journalist for the
Albanian-language daily newspaper Rilindja. Soon thereafter, she returned to the health care profession and worked for many years in the Pediatrics Ward of the Pristina General Hospital.
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Ag
Apolloni (born 13 June 1982) is an Albanian writer, poet, playwright, scholar, and essay writer. He is a professor at the University of Prishtina, Kosovo. His literary works are widely acclaimed for their dramatic dimension, philosophical treatment, and critical attitude towards history, politics,
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Muhamet Hamiti was born in the
Podujevo municipality of Kosovo in 1964. He earned his BA in English language and literature at the University of Pristina in 1987; earned his MA in English literature at the Zagreb University (in Croatia) in 1990, and his PhD in English literature at the University of
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Flora
Brovina (born 30 September 1949) is a Kosovar Albanian poet, pediatrician and women's rights activist. She was born in the town of Skenderaj in the Drenica Valley of Kosovo, and was raised in Pristina, where she went to school and began studying medicine. After finishing her university studies
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is accompanied by instruments. Verbal creations were born earlier than writing creations. In fact, each traditional creation is a product of the human mind, but it adapts the environment with time. Verbal creations are created by extending and increasing wider, and while they are changed or adapted,
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Basri Çapriqi (1960–2018) was an
Albanian poet and literary critic. He was born in Krute (Krytha) in Ulcinj Municipality (Ulqin), present-day Montenegro and studied Albanian language and literature at the University of Pristina, where later he was a professor. He has been considered one of the best
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Rexhep Qosja (born 1936) is an
Albanian writer, literary critic and Professor at University of Prishtina. He has been considered the first postmodern Albanian novelist and one of the greatest Balkans literary critics. He is the first Doctor of Philological Sciences in Kosovo. Qosja is the author of
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Verbal creations, which are often called as traditional creations, like songs, riddles, tales or other are called such because they are confessed orally and are transferred to us from mouth to mouth. These creations are divided into lyrical creations and epic creations, while the traditional poetry
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and in the years leading to the 1999 war, the country's dissidents could either be threatened or worse. Discrimination and the strictness of
Serbian rule did not allow this generation of Albanian speaking writers to express themselves. In addition to the chaos and repression taking place in Kosovo,
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on the individual. Even though he did not have many writings, the ones that he wrote venerate out literature in general. His best novels are: "Tregime"(1961, "Një pjesë e lindjes"(1965), "Kulla"(1968), "Sinkopa" (1969), "Oh"(1971)," Kjasina"(1973), "Gof" (1976) and "Lutjet e mbrëmjes" (1978). With
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Ibrahim Rugova (2 December 1944 – 21 January 2006) was a Kosovo-Albanian politician, scholar, and writer, who served as the President of the partially recognised Republic of Kosova, serving from 1992 to 2000 and as President of Kosovo from 2002 until his death in 2006. He studied literature at the
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and Sabri Hamiti. Rexhep Qosja passes systematically literary works according to the integral method, while Ibrahim Rugova and Sabri Hamiti pass the contemporary criticism with more sophisticated methods inspired by French schools. These last two become icons of literature, criticism and literary
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and especially Musa Ramadani. Meanwhile, Hivzi Sylejmani, Nazmi Rrahmani and Zejnullah Rrahmani have worked on social topic; it is worth mentioning the "Hermetic code" prose by Zejnullah Rrahmani, Musa Ramadani, Beqir Musliu and Eqrem Basha. In this flow, Adem Demaci creates national prosaic code
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with the summary "Per Ty" which is considered an inspiration for many other authors. Another type of poetry is the one of Din Mehmeti and Ali Podrimja which is a form of exclamation. In addition to that, "Kurora Sonetike" which is structured by Enver Gjereqeku, also plays a huge role in Kosovo's
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has not expressed an opinion on this matter yet. With such undefined situation, one might wonder if there is a cultural voice that defines this country and the answer is not definite as well. The truth is that no one speaks of "Kosovar Literature" but it's more likely one hears of "Albanian
788:, who could avail himself of a diversity of rhymes and metres. A turning point in his work came with the poetry collection "Lum Lumi" (1982). It is an homage to his young son Lumi, who died of cancer. He examines themes of loneliness, fear, death and fate. Podrimja's tone, however, remains
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Esad Mekuli (17 December 1916 – 6 August 1993) was an Albanian poet, critic and translator. He was the first president of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Kosovo. Robert Elsie considered him the father of modern Albanian poetry in Yugoslavia, and his influence in Kosovo remains immense.
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After the war, school tests were mostly in Serbian due to historic circumstances; after Serbia acquired Kosovo, Albanian-language schooling and publishing were suppressed. Underground literature flourished in the late 1940s, which were written and published in Albanian. Under
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the undisputed artistic values, the novel "Oh" had a slow but strong influence on the Albanian prose. Anton Pashku brings a spirit entirely in the tradition of modern Albanian prose. He was elected member of the Science and Art Academy in Kosovo. He died in Pristina.
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University of Prishtina and the University of Paris, and received a doctorate with a dissertation on Albanian literary criticism. He spent two years (1976–1977) at the École Pratique des Hautes Études of the University of Paris, where he studied under Roland Barthes.
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784:. He published prose and poetry from 1961, and has published ten volumes of his poetry to date. While at school he had already published his first collection of poems, "Thirrje" (1961, tr: The Calls). In his following books, he revealed himself to be a mature
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Rifat Kukaj (25 October 1938 – 11 September 2005) was a Kosovar Albanian and a successful writer in Albanian literature for grown ups and children. He was born in the Drenica region of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, in present-day Kosovo. He was educated in
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Literature of Kosovo", because that is what it is. But despite this literature being defined through the use of the term "Albanian", it still holds a peculiarity which makes it a bit foreign to the Albanian ear. The 1990s were a particular hard time for
535:, Europe is now discovering a new interest in Eastern Europe. Not only in terms of travels and foreign relationships, but also from a cultural perspective. Kosovo certainly stands as the most peculiar nations which were formed from the dissolution of
350:, specifically by authors of Kosovo. Kosovo produced several prominent writers in the Ottoman era. However, Ottoman authorities banned the written use of the Albanian language until 1912. This policy continued during Serb rule until the outbreak of
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in 1950, studied comparative literature both in Zagreb and at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes in Paris, where the demigods of French structuralism brought their influence to bear on him. He finished his doctorate at the University of
729:. Pjetër Bogdani is considered the first Kosovar-Albanian writer. He is author of the Cuneus Prophetarum (The Band of the Prophets), 1685, the first prose work of substance written originally in Albanian Gegnisht (i.e. not a translation).
645:; etc. Malësia e Madhe, Rugova, and villages scattered alongside the Adriatic Coast form the northmost sub-dialect of Albania today. There are many other sub-dialects in the region of Kosovo and in parts of southern Montenegro, and in
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Sali Bashota was born on 31 August 1959 in Çaravik in the municipality of Klina in Kosova. He studied Albanian language and literature at the University of Prishtina where he later taught literature. He is well-known poet.
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with "Gjaperinjt e gjakut (1958)" roman. Double coding prose was written by Rexhep Qosja "Nje dashuri dhe shtate faje", "Bijte e askujt", continuing with Musa Ramadani "Antiprocesioni", "Vrapuesja e Prizerenit" and
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the country's intellectual minds had language issues to overcome: having been denied access to Albanian as a language as part of the educational system in Kosovo, barriers could then be found in literary form.
871:" journal. He began publishing his literary writings since 1955 and wrote prose and drama. In his stories he distinguished three basic thematic districts; the district of love, loneliness, and the district of
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had forbid authors to freely express their thoughts for years, and it was impossible for them to see their works published and gain prominence in the literary world. However, after the fall of the
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which is spoken in northern Albania and Kosovo. It is also spoken in Northern Albania, North Macedonia, and in parts of Montenegro. Each area of Northern Albania has its own sub-dialect:
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987:. He was very well known for his unique humor and was widely perceived as the pioneer of urban humor culture in Priština. Rifak Kukaj has also translated a number of books from
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Shtjefën Konstantin Gjeçovi-Kryeziu (1874 – 1929) was an Albanian Catholic priest, ethnologist and folklorist. He is known for being the father of Albanians' folklore studies.
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1035:, and he consolidated and reinforced this place from one poetic work to the other, until his last work called "Zogj dhe Gure", published in 1997, which in that year he died.
433:, was the home of many pieces of early Serb literature from the 13th century onward. The most prominent Serb literary figures in Kosovo during the 20th century were novelist
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During Ottoman rule, Kosovo was part of the broader Ottoman literary culture; Prizren had libraries, a medrese, schools, and a hamam. Prominent writers include:
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Din Mehmeti (1932 – 12 November 2010) was an Albanian poet from Kosovo. He was among the best-known classical representatives of contemporary verse in Kosovo.
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Anton Pashku was born on January 8, 1937, in Graždanik (village near Prizren). He finished high school education in Pristina. He worked as a redactor in the "
561:(1916–1993) who was the founder of the literacy periodical Jeta e Re in 1949, even though it was not active until the 1960s. In addition to that the novelist
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Pjetër Bogdani (c. 1630 – December 1689), known in Italian as Pietro Bogdano, is the most original writer of early literature in Albanian. He was born in
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was registered with the secret police. Full Albanian-language and cultural facilities were granted by the Yugoslav constitution of 1974, and
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Vdjeka më vjen prej syve të tillë (1974; death comes from such eyes), Nazmi Rrahmani who was a prolific novelist (b. 1941) and
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1248:"The Atlantic International Library of Kosovo." The Atlantic International Library of Kosovo. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
589:( 1943). Kosovo's poetry has been a lot more creative and experimental compared Albania. Among its leading proponents are
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Elsie, Robert. Studies in Modern Kosovar-Albanian Literature and Culture. Boulder: East European Monographs, 1996. Print.
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1242:"Letersia Shqiptare: Letersia Moderne." Letersia Shqiptare: Letersi Moderne. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2013. (in Albanian)
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Edi Shukriu (22 October 1950 – January 2023) was a Kosovan political figure, archaeologist, and writer.
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Fajtori. "ANG - Ismail Kadare." ANG - Ismail Kadare. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2013. (in Albanian)
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Ali Podrimja plays a huge role in Kosovar and even Albanian literature. He was born in 1942 in
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Podrimja, Ali. "Ali PODRIMJA - Poetry." Ali PODRIMJA - Poetry. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
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Little is known in the field of literary in countries which were once part of the
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and Pristina. Rifat Kukaj has published over forty books. His best novels are
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Schuyt, Roel. "MACEDONIA." Eqrem Basha. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.
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they lose their authorship and become traditional creations.
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Carriers of literary criticism in Kosovo were three leaders,
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601:(1948), Sabri Hamiti (1950), and Asri Çapriqi (1960).
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who become a leading scholar of Albanian studies in
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661:and the need for national freedom, was started by
557:Albanian literature in Kosovo was set off by poet
696:thought for the Albanian Literacy in general.
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1485:Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija
504:, Ottoman biographer, poet, and translator.
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1801:UN Interim Administration Mission (UNMIK)
679:"Lakorja e x-it", "Marshi i kermilllit".
334:is composed of literary texts written in
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
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827:, Prishtina 1979 (The Illyrian stock);
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641:and Mirdita; Lezhë, Shkodër, Krajë,
472:, the first Kosovar-Albanian writer;
46:adding citations to reliable sources
1846:UN Security Council Resolution 1244
831:, Priština 1985 (Identity papers);
370:literature and culture flourished.
657:Poetry related to topics, such as
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1357:Late Antiquity and Medieval sites
1323:Copper, Bronze and Iron Age sites
1206:. Harper Perennial. p. 105.
1181:. Harper Perennial. p. 327.
1156:. Harper Perennial. p. 267.
1819:2008 declaration of independence
835:, Priština 1990 (Chaosmos), and
494:, who also founded an important
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1128:Historical Dictionary of Kosovo
514:, teacher, and religious leader
33:needs additional citations for
1856:Belgrade–Pristina negotiations
1714:EU Rule of Law Mission (EULEX)
1477:Socialist Autonomous Province
408:and remove irrelevant content.
1:
406:relocate relevant information
1746:International Steering Group
401:on an aspect of the subject.
374:Serbian literature in Kosovo
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945:Çka fshin dhelpra me bisht
853:Eqrem Basha, born 1948 in
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1948:
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700:Albanian verbal creations
484:, who pioneered humorous
1839:Unification with Albania
1796:Provisional institutions
670:elements was created by
512:Bejtexhinj movement poet
486:Ottoman Turkish language
1761:Kosovo Protection Corps
1204:Kosovo: A Short History
1179:Kosovo: A Short History
1154:Kosovo: A Short History
1202:Malcolm, Noel (1999).
1177:Malcolm, Noel (1999).
1152:Malcolm, Noel (1999).
985:Elefanti që fluturonte
957:Trimëritë e karkalecit
800:in foreign languages.
527:. Strict politics and
476:Celalzade Salih Çelebi
57:"Literature of Kosovo"
1851:ICJ opinion on Kosovo
1501:Insurgency in Kosovo
1457:Kingdom of Yugoslavia
925:Xhuxhi nga xhuxhishta
917:Kokërrmeli e pilivesa
492:Prizrenli Suzi Çelebi
1824:Standards for Kosovo
1532:(2008–present)
1487:(1990–present)
1131:. pp. 179–180.
905:Lepuri me pesë këmbë
42:improve this article
2693:Albanian literature
2688:European literature
2183:European literature
1756:Kosovo Force (KFOR)
1689:Accession to the EU
1493:Republic of Kosova
1423:Sanjak of Viçitrina
1387:Balšić noble family
1335:Kingdom of Dardania
981:Djaloshi i zjarreve
953:Shtegu i laureshave
949:Pshurrani i gjyshit
508:Tahir Efendi Jakova
425:Kosovo, as well as
395:a different subject
360:Aleksandar Ranković
2683:Kosovan literature
1861:Brussels Agreement
1419:Sanjak of Dukagjin
969:Përqafimet e njoma
937:Vallja e kallinjve
933:Lejlekët në luhaja
683:Literary criticism
553:After World War II
447:Radosav Stojanović
2670:
2669:
2149:
2148:
2121:
2120:
1935:
1934:
1912:Natural resources
1869:
1868:
1786:Political parties
1719:Foreign relations
1671:
1670:
1616:Regions of Kosovo
1541:
1540:
1525:(1999–2008)
1517:UN administration
1495:(1990–1999)
1462:Albanian Kingdom
1452:Kingdom of Serbia
1429:Vilayet of Kosovo
1415:Sanjak of Prizren
1392:Branković dynasty
1377:Serbian Despotate
1369:Kingdom of Serbia
1213:978-0-06-097775-7
1188:978-0-06-097775-7
1163:978-0-06-097775-7
1138:978-0-8108-7483-1
929:Gjerdani i blertë
901:Shkrepi i diellit
893:Bardhi e Mirushja
482:Pristinaşi Mesihi
435:Vukašin Filipović
423:
422:
325:
324:
134:Culture of Kosovo
118:
117:
110:
92:
2700:
2593:
2523:
2382:
2322:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2153:
2134:
1953:Cities and towns
1946:
1902:
1880:
1682:
1552:
1533:
1526:
1512:
1504:
1496:
1488:
1480:
1472:
1471:1943–1944)
1465:
1464:(1939–1943
1447:First Balkan War
1397:Dukagjini family
1382:Battle of Kosovo
1303:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1259:
1218:
1217:
1199:
1193:
1192:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1119:
1046:Albanian poets.
961:Zogu i Lasgushit
941:Deti u bëftë kos
921:Gjeli në kuvertë
829:Leja e njohtimit
733:Shtjefën Gjeçovi
653:Prose and Poetry
637:and Laçi; Mati,
418:
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317:
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50:
26:
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2699:
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2673:
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2666:
2657:Western Lombard
2627:Turkish Cypriot
2587:
2573:Scottish Gaelic
2521:
2376:
2320:
2185:
2180:
2150:
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2137:
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2117:
2081:Public holidays
2002:
1931:
1900:
1865:
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1667:
1611:
1585:
1569:Protected areas
1537:
1531:
1524:
1510:
1502:
1494:
1486:
1479:(1946–90)
1478:
1470:
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1435:
1364:Medieval period
1318:Neolithic sites
1292:
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1227:
1225:Further reading
1222:
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1097:
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1033:Albanian poetry
1019:mountains near
1013:
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991:, Serbian, and
909:Vjollca magjike
884:
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735:
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685:
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647:North Macedonia
607:
583:political novel
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463:
419:
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403:
387:
383:
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368:Kosovo Albanian
321:
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287:National anthem
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2327:Middle English
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1829:Status process
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1798:
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1776:Municipalities
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1729:Prime Minister
1721:
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1440:Modern history
1437:
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1411:Rumelia Eyalet
1406:Ottoman period
1403:
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1373:Serbian Empire
1361:
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1083:Muhamet Hamiti
1080:
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977:Ujku me kamerë
883:
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845:
807:
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772:
766:
764:Ibrahim Rugova
761:
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734:
731:
722:
720:Pjetër Bogdani
717:
715:
712:
701:
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693:Ibrahim Rugova
684:
681:
654:
651:
606:
603:
554:
551:
541:European Union
520:
517:
516:
515:
505:
499:
489:
479:
478:, a historian;
473:
470:Pjetër Bogdani
462:
459:
455:Lazar Vučković
439:Darinka Jevrić
421:
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393:may relate to
390:
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329:literature of
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2321:(Anglo-Saxon)
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2019:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2009:
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1978:Ethnic groups
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1735:Human rights
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1306:Early history
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1129:
1124:
1123:Elsie, Robert
1118:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1103:
1101:
1100:and society.
1095:
1092:
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1084:
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1079:
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1072:Flora Brovina
1070:
1068:
1063:
1060:
1058:
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1047:
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1040:Basri Çapriqi
1038:
1036:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1001:
998:
996:
995:to Albanian.
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946:
942:
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913:Zogu i bardhë
910:
906:
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898:
897:Rrasa e zogut
894:
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849:
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821:Thikë harrimi
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587:Teki Dervishi
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519:Later history
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391:This article
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59: –
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53:Find sources:
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43:
37:
36:
31:This article
29:
25:
20:
19:
16:
2464:
2319:Old English
2204:Anglo-Norman
2055:
2031:Coat of arms
2021:Architecture
1963:Demographics
1892:Central Bank
1699:Constitution
1564:Biodiversity
1352:Praevalitana
1342:Roman period
1203:
1197:
1178:
1172:
1153:
1147:
1127:
1098:
1087:
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768:
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746:
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689:Rexhep Qosja
686:
672:Rexhep Qosja
656:
613:dialect and
608:
595:Ali Podrimja
579:Rexhep Qosja
567:Martin Camaj
556:
533:Soviet Union
529:obscurantism
522:
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424:
414:October 2015
411:
404:Please help
399:undue weight
392:
356:
352:World War II
328:
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35:verification
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1556:Environment
1509:Kosovo War
1313:Archaeology
1094:Ag Apolloni
1062:Edi Shukriu
1029:Third World
1000:Din Mehmeti
881:Rifat Kukaj
848:Eqrem Basha
825:Trungu ilir
798:anthologies
742:Esad Mekuli
707:oral poetry
677:Eqrem Basha
663:Esad Mekuli
599:Eqrem Basha
591:Din Mehmeti
563:Adem Demaci
559:Esad Mekuli
525:Soviet bloc
502:Aşık Çelebi
461:Ottoman era
451:short story
443:Petar Sarić
431:Mount Athos
98:August 2013
2677:Categories
2645:in English
2543:Portuguese
2490:Macedonian
2485:Luxembourg
2480:Lithuanian
2239:Belarusian
2113:Television
2096:Basketball
2056:Literature
1983:Healthcare
1973:Emigration
1901:(currency)
1724:Government
1590:Landscapes
1104:References
973:Rrëfenjëza
668:postmodern
537:Yugoslavia
236:Television
211:Literature
68:newspapers
2632:Ukrainian
2558:Sardinian
2528:Old Norse
2515:Norwegian
2460:Kashubian
2428:Icelandic
2423:Hungarian
2264:Bulgarian
2219:Aromanian
2209:Aragonese
2051:Languages
1988:Monuments
1968:Education
1922:Transport
1834:Partition
1791:President
1751:Judiciary
1709:Elections
1704:Districts
1663:Anamorava
1658:Dukagjini
1602:Mountains
1547:Geography
1511:(1998–99)
1503:(1995–98)
1025:Prishtina
989:Slovenian
965:Harmonika
794:prolixity
786:symbolist
259:Monuments
190:Festivals
172:Mythology
165:Languages
2650:in Welsh
2637:Venetian
2585:Silesian
2563:Scottish
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2533:Ossetian
2520:Occitan
2505:Moldovan
2450:Jèrriais
2411:medieval
2391:Georgian
2386:Galician
2364:Friulian
2334:Estonian
2289:Croatian
2229:Austrian
2224:Asturian
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2199:Albanian
2141:Category
2101:Football
2076:Olympics
1993:Religion
1917:Telecoms
1771:Military
1694:Assembly
1677:Politics
1643:Llapusha
1347:Dardania
1125:(2010).
993:Croatian
873:violence
869:Rilindja
841:Rilindja
817:Priština
812:Podujevo
605:Dialects
597:(1942),
437:, poets
364:Rilindja
336:Albanian
197:Religion
176:folklore
125:a series
123:Part of
2662:Yiddish
2622:Turkish
2612:Swedish
2607:Spanish
2602:Slovene
2580:Serbian
2553:Russian
2495:Maltese
2475:Latvian
2465:Kosovar
2445:Italian
2406:ancient
2359:Frisian
2349:Flemish
2344:Finnish
2339:Faroese
2314:English
2294:Cypriot
2279:Cornish
2274:Chuvash
2269:Catalan
2259:British
2249:Bosnian
2244:Belgian
2132:Outline
2041:Cuisine
2036:Costume
2008:Culture
1941:Society
1927:Tourism
1875:Economy
1628:Drenica
1581:Forests
1576:Climate
1530:Kosovo
1330:Dardani
1298:History
889:Drenica
833:Kaosmos
790:laconic
782:Gjakova
727:Prizren
714:Authors
627:Elbasan
488:poetry;
453:writer
397:or has
348:Turkish
344:Bosnian
340:Serbian
269:Symbols
183:Cuisine
151:History
82:scholar
2641:Welsh
2597:Slovak
2538:Polish
2455:Kazakh
2416:modern
2396:German
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2369:Gaelic
2354:French
2304:Danish
2254:Breton
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2194:Abkhaz
2026:Cinema
2016:Anthem
1907:Energy
1811:Status
1781:Police
1653:Rugova
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