339:
34:
77:
321:, the archives became accessible to scholars. However, the documents are scattered in various archives in Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Germany and Russia. In addition, recordkeeping was poor, particularly towards the end of the war. The units were subject to frequent reorganizations and restructurings; sometimes the units were themselves confused about their names or numbers. In the post-war years, the
245:. These two battalions were responsible for an estimated 78,000 Jewish deaths in Lithuania and Belarus. While the battalions were often deployed outside Lithuania, they generally did not participate in combat. In total, 26 battalions were formed and approximately 20,000 men served in them. In July to September 1944, the remaining units were combined into two Lithuanian Volunteer Infantry Regiments
434:
were parallel but separate. The
Germans had no intention of giving the Lithuanians independence, so the provisional government was dissolved on August 5, 1941 and partisan units disarmed. On September 26, the LAF was also dissolved and Lithuania was incorporated into the German civil administration.
443:
In the short period when the
Lithuanians hoped to rebuild the state, they reconstituted part of the pre-war police, reaching about 40% (3,000 men) of its pre-war numbers, and began to recreate the army. On July 5, however, German authorities forbade the reconstitution of the Lithuanian army, or any
550:
in occupied Poland. Of 26 Lithuanian
Auxiliary Police battalions, 10 were directly involved in the destruction of Jewish people in Eastern Europe. According to German reports, Lithuanians committed 47,000 killings of Jews in Lithuania out of all 85,000 committed by Einsatzkommando there. They also
541:
Some
Lithuanian auxiliary police battalions took an active part in the extermination of Jewish people in Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Russia and Poland and committed crimes against the Polish and Belarusian populations. For example the 12th Police Battalion liquided Jews in Kaunas in October 1941
451:
Schutzmannschaften were divided into four types. The first was a regular police force, stationed in cities and provinces. The second type, closed formations, were organized into battalions, companies, platoons and groups. The third type was firefighting units. The fourth, auxiliary units grouped
313:
and actively persecuted former members of the battalions, objective research was impossible. Several members of the battalions managed to escape to the West and publish memoirs, but they gloss over the controversial aspects of the battalions and often deny
Lithuanian involvement in the Holocaust.
217:
Lithuanian auxiliary policemen were divided into four types. The first three were: regular law enforcement policemen, firefighting policemen, and auxiliary units grouped into platoons that assisted the local police when needed. The last were
Lithuanian
3288:
325:
produced interrogation protocols of former members of the battalions, but these are not considered reliable, as confessions were often obtained through torture or fabricated outright. Nevertheless, Lithuanian scholars, primarily
3281:
3274:
413:
declared independence and
Lithuanians began to form their own military and police units in hopes of recreating the Lithuanian Army. The territory of Lithuania was invaded by and divided between two German Army
444:
units other than self-defense units, which the
Germans transformed into auxiliary police units. In November, all auxiliary policemen in the eastern territories, including Lithuania, were considered
551:
killed 50,000 Belarusian Jews during the war. The largest crime against the non-Jewish civilian population by
Lithuanian policemen was the killing of about 400 Polish people in the villages of
4243:
459:(TDA), was formed by the Provisional Government in Kaunas on June 28. The Provisional Government was dissolved on August 5, 1941. The battalion was not dissolved and German Major
4197:
3311:
188:
3214:
2521:
301:
published frequent stories about the battalions, but to protect military secrets the articles were heavily censored to remove names, dates, and locations. During the
4207:
3160:
4248:
3691:
351:
226:
3083:
3030:
3005:
2980:
2956:
2623:
2760:
2740:
2720:
2700:
2680:
295:
Lithuanian Police
Battalions are controversial and poorly researched. The main obstacle is the lack of reliable and objective data. During the war, journal
362:
of larger enterprises, landholdings, and real estate. Opponents of communism and the new regime were persecuted: an estimated 6,600 were imprisoned as "
405:
on June 22, 1941, some Lithuanians greeted the Germans as liberators from the repressive Soviet rule. Many spontaneously joined the anti-Soviet
4037:
338:
4113:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3144:
2648:
2597:
4233:
3531:
1597:
470:
took over its command. On August 7, the TDA had 703 members and Lechthaler ordered it reorganized into two battalions of auxiliary police (
4238:
4108:
410:
383:
379:
207:
501:
Lithuanians massively deserted from the Soviet 29th Rifle Corps and gathered in Vilnius. They organized Lithuanian Self-defense Units (
4073:
456:
529:
or VAT) with three units (Work, Order, and Security). On August 1, VAT and its three units were reorganized into three battalions of
486:
or PPT). During August three more battalions of PPT were formed. In October, these five battalions were renamed security battalions (
3965:
3684:
3478:
3473:
3463:
3257:
3224:
3203:
2845:
2608:
2510:
1518:
1486:
1402:
33:
3185:
4202:
3392:
938:
401:, former Lithuanian envoy to Germany. Its goal was to organize an anti-Soviet uprising in the event of a German-Soviet war. When
375:
4123:
2501:
Anušauskas, Arvydas; Bubnys, Arūnas; Kuodytė, Dialia; Jakubčionis, Algirdas; Titinis, Vytautas; Truska, Liudas, eds. (2005).
3856:
3677:
267:
3468:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
547:
542:
under the command of Antanas Impulevičius. Later that the TBD 12th battalion murdered the entire Jewish population of
3970:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
1441:
1364:
1328:
1291:
1257:
1222:
1187:
4042:
3700:
3492:
2614:
1643:
1144:
1097:
1056:
1015:
978:
406:
199:
2764:
2744:
2724:
2704:
2684:
906:
871:
835:
801:
763:
722:
679:
641:
607:
4212:
4139:
4052:
3751:
3135:
Bubnys, Arūnas (2017). "The Lithuanian Schutzmannschaft Battalions". In Böhler, Jochen; Gerwarth, Robert (eds.).
394:
242:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3108:
2624:"Lietuvių pagalbinės policijos (apsaugos) 252-asis (Kauno) batalionas. Nežinomas bataliono istorijos fragmentas"
4149:
4144:
3756:
3731:
3726:
3645:
3542:
3579:
211:
4179:
3975:
3851:
3746:
3741:
3736:
1030:
1609:
Only the first commander is listed. Some of them were acting commanders, holding the post for a few weeks.
103:
3219:. Vol. 5 - Sicherheitsdienst und Sicherheitspolizei 1931-1945. Great Britain: Windrow & Greene.
788:
552:
161:
3266:
363:
150:
4159:
3781:
3234:
2907:"Lietuvių policijos batalionai Pskovo srityje ir Kurše: 13-asis ir 10(256)-asis batalionai (1942–1945)"
2563:"Kauno 2-asis pagalbinės policijos tarnybos batalionas ir gyventojų žudynės Baltarusijoje 1941–1943 m."
3659:
3654:
460:
4057:
3894:
3811:
3195:
402:
167:
146:
4047:
3846:
1556:
522:
502:
487:
479:
330:, have published several articles analyzing the structure and activities of individual battalions.
192:
4164:
3934:
3929:
3841:
3806:
3154:
2649:"Lietuvių savisaugos (apsaugos) bataliono karių nuostoliai Vokietijos-SSRS karo metu (1941-1945)"
4174:
3990:
3924:
3899:
3253:
3247:
3220:
3199:
3173:
3140:
3116:
3095:
3070:
3042:
3017:
2992:
2967:
2943:
2918:
2893:
2868:
2841:
2824:
2799:
2660:
2635:
2593:
2573:
2549:
2506:
419:
306:
3985:
3321:
2585:
1623:
445:
415:
367:
327:
219:
184:
92:
39:
556:
4118:
4005:
4000:
3944:
3879:
3786:
1433:
1089:
471:
371:
359:
343:
318:
234:
203:
4098:
960:
949:
465:
398:
222:
battalions, closed formations organized into battalions, companies, platoons and groups.
156:
3055:
4032:
3939:
3791:
2840:(in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Lietuvos gyventojų genocido ir rezistencijos tyrimo centras.
2505:(in Lithuanian). Vilnius: Lietuvos gyventojų genocido ir rezistencijos tyrimo centras.
423:
302:
196:
142:
1747:
4227:
4103:
4078:
3919:
3909:
3904:
3884:
3826:
3816:
3796:
3716:
3191:
3056:"Lietuvių policijos batalionų nuginklavimas ir išformavimas Rytprūsiuose 1944 metais"
1619:
355:
238:
3084:"Lietuvių policijos Šiaulių (14-asis) ir Panevėžio (10-asis) batalionai (1941-1944)"
202:. Lithuanian activists hoped that these units would be the basis of a reestablished
4184:
4154:
3995:
3960:
3889:
3874:
3836:
3801:
3181:
237:, e.g. Ukraine, Belarus, Poland and Northwest Russia. Some battalions took part in
666:
253:
The units are known under a number of names. German documents referred to them as
521:. On July 21, 1941, LSD was reorganized into the Vilnius Reconstruction Service (
3980:
3914:
3831:
3821:
2538:
1425:
1164:
1124:
1119:
1108:
4169:
2523:
Laisvės kyžkelės. Lietuvių policijos batalionai Antrojo pasaulinio karo metais
1211:
889:
510:
494:). In December, the five battalions were reorganized again into battalions of
310:
3669:
3120:
3099:
3074:
3046:
3021:
2996:
2971:
2947:
2922:
2897:
2872:
2828:
2803:
2664:
2639:
2577:
2553:
2931:
1076:
783:
230:
82:
2681:"Pažyma apie 259-ojo lietuvių policijos mokomojo bataliono fondą Nr. R-670"
1479:
1180:
1133:
518:
3031:"Lietuvių savisaugos dalinių Vilniaus apygardos batalionai (1941-1944 m.)"
2906:
2856:
2812:
2787:
2881:
2857:"Lietuvių policijos 2-asis (Vilniaus) ir 252-asis batalionai (1941–1944)"
1564:
1468:
1463:
1176:
998:
387:
225:
The battalions were charged with internal security duties and engaged in
1529:
1395:
1321:
1137:
1081:
742:
715:
431:
2763:(in Lithuanian). Lietuvos centrinis valstybės archyvas. Archived from
2743:(in Lithuanian). Lietuvos centrinis valstybės archyvas. Archived from
2723:(in Lithuanian). Lietuvos centrinis valstybės archyvas. Archived from
2703:(in Lithuanian). Lietuvos centrinis valstybės archyvas. Archived from
2683:(in Lithuanian). Lietuvos centrinis valstybės archyvas. Archived from
2562:
241:, most notably the 12th and the 13th battalions, which started as the
1386:
661:
543:
514:
427:
390:. More than 500 Lithuanian officers retired and 87 were imprisoned.
2957:"Lietuvių policijos 1 (13)-asis batalionas ir žydų žudynės 1941 m."
2741:"Pažyma apie 257-ojo lietuvių policijos bataliono fondą Nr. R-668"
2721:"Pažyma apie 258-ojo lietuvių policijos bataliono fondą Nr. R-669"
2701:"Pažyma apie 255-ojo lietuvių policijos bataliono fondą Nr. R-677"
1206:
1038:
853:
755:
706:
700:
452:
into platoons and companies, assisted regular police when needed.
337:
297:
2761:"Pažyma apie 6-ojo lietuvių policijos bataliono fondą Nr. R-664"
3673:
3270:
2788:"Lietuvių viešoji policija ir policijos batalionai (1941–1944)"
1596:
Battalion number. Numbers 301 through 310 were assigned to the
191:, with the first battalions originating from the most reliable
322:
265:(auxiliary police). From September 1941, they became known as
546:
in Belarus. The 2nd Police Battalion served as guards at the
2539:"Kauno karo komendantūros Tautinio darbo batalionas 1941 m."
314:
Foreign researchers were hampered by lack of archival data.
16:
Lithuanian collaborationist police units during World War II
3109:"Lietuvių policijos Vilniaus 4-asis batalionas (1941-1944)"
2610:
Lietuvių pagalbinės policijos (apsaugos) 12-asis batalionas
1922:
1920:
3239:
The Soviet Counterinsurgency in the Western Borderlands
2981:"Lietuvių policijos 15-asis batalionas. (1941-1944 m.)"
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
533:. Two more battalions were organized by October 1941.
275:). In Lithuanian, the police battalions were known as
3297:
Lithuanian military units in German service 1941–1945
2882:"Penktasis lietuvių policijos batalionas (1941–1944)"
2813:"253-iasis lietuvių policijos batalionas (1943–1944)"
189:
German occupation of Lithuania between 1941 and 1944
4132:
4091:
4066:
4025:
4018:
3953:
3865:
3772:
3765:
3644:
3578:
3541:
3530:
3491:
3426:
3340:
3330:
133:
128:
98:
88:
70:
47:
21:
3312:German occupation of Lithuania during World War II
3168:Caballero, Jurado (2002). Windrow, Martin (ed.).
2520:Čekutis, Ričardas; Žygelis, Dalius (2010-04-14),
210:. Instead, they were put under the orders of the
42:standing in formation in Vilnius Cathedral Square
164:, inspector of the Lithuanian police battalions
4208:List of Lithuanian Righteous Among the Nations
563:List of Lithuanian Schutzmannschaft battalions
418:took over western and northern Lithuania, and
4244:Paramilitary organizations based in Lithuania
3685:
3282:
2590:Lietuvių policija Antrajame pasauliniame kare
1622:. The conclusion is based on the research by
8:
2379:
2377:
2085:
2083:
2073:
2071:
2052:
2050:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1956:
3006:"Lietuvių policijos 3(11)-iasis batalionas"
2479:
2477:
2326:
2324:
2305:
2303:
2237:
2235:
2207:
2205:
2177:
2175:
2173:
1618:Indicates whether the unit participated in
4022:
3769:
3692:
3678:
3670:
3575:
3538:
3337:
3289:
3275:
3267:
3159:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2759:Breslavskienė, Laimutė (September 2010c).
2739:Breslavskienė, Laimutė (September 2010b).
2719:Breslavskienė, Laimutė (September 2010a).
1804:
1802:
2467:
2465:
2455:
2453:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2163:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2153:
2113:
2111:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1734:
1710:
2443:
2441:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2125:
2123:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2005:
2003:
2001:
566:
342:Lithuanian soldier escorting a group of
4198:Occupation of Lithuania by Nazi Germany
2699:Breslavskienė, Laimutė (August 2010b).
2679:Breslavskienė, Laimutė (August 2010a).
1654:
1589:
4038:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police battalions
3152:
1938:
1926:
1911:
1853:
1817:Anušauskas, et al. (2005), pp. 116–119
1686:
1661:
933:To the 1st Lithuanian Police Regiment
18:
2838:Vokiečių okupuota Lietuva (1941–1944)
1698:
7:
4249:Local participation in the Holocaust
3532:Lithuanian Territorial Defense Force
1722:
1598:Lithuanian Territorial Defense Force
287:(LAD, security units of Lithuania).
411:Provisional Government of Lithuania
3249:Historical Dictionary of Lithuania
3170:Germany's Eastern Front Allies (2)
3115:(in Lithuanian). 17–18 (781–782).
2009:Čekutis & Žygelis (2010-04-14)
830:To anti-aircraft units or Germany
636:To anti-aircraft units or Germany
457:Tautinio darbo apsaugos batalionas
455:The first battalion, known as the
14:
4074:Fareinigte Partizaner Organizacje
3187:The Encyclopedia of the Holocaust
3137:The Waffen-SS. A European History
1902:Anušauskas, et al. (2005), p. 161
1844:Anušauskas, et al. (2005), p. 112
1835:Anušauskas, et al. (2005), p. 140
1826:Anušauskas, et al. (2005), p. 137
1771:Anušauskas, et al. (2005), p. 232
1446:4 representative police companies
1359:To the 258th or 259th battalions
1061:1st battalion of PPT (former TDA)
1020:2nd battalion of PPT (former TDA)
866:To the 13th and 257th battalions
796:To the 256th and 13th battalions
403:Nazi Germany invaded Soviet Union
208:Lithuanian Provisional Government
4203:History of the Jews in Lithuania
2622:Stoliarovas, Andriejus (2008b).
2607:Stoliarovas, Andriejus (2008a).
200:Lithuanian June Uprising in 1941
75:
32:
3246:Suziedelis, Saulius A. (2011).
3241:. Cambridge: 978-0-521-76833-7.
2932:"Atsakymas ponui H. Kudreikiui"
2526:(in Lithuanian), Bernardinai.lt
2459:Breslavskienė (September 2010a)
2426:Breslavskienė (September 2010b)
2117:Breslavskienė (September 2010c)
1513:To Germany near Belgian border
354:. The Soviets introduced harsh
319:Lithuania declared independence
195:, disbanded following the 1941
3172:. Men-at-Arms. Great Britain:
612:VAT Security Unit (former LSD)
1:
3054:Bubnys, Arūnas (2009-10-17).
476:Polizeihilfsdienst bataillone
426:. Therefore, developments in
2471:Breslavskienė (August 2010a)
2417:Stankeras (2008), p. 533–534
2392:Breslavskienė (August 2010b)
806:Railway Protection Battalion
484:Pagalbinės policijos tarnyba
352:occupied by the Soviet Union
350:In June 1940, Lithuania was
268:Schutzmannschaft-Bataillonen
187:formation formed during the
4234:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police
3722:Related articles by country
3332:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police
2561:Rukšėnas, Alfredas (2007).
2495:Lithuanian-language sources
2353:Stoliarovas (2008b), p. 292
646:VAT Order Unit (former LSD)
279:(self-defense battalions),
181:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police
22:Lithuanian Auxiliary Police
4265:
4239:The Holocaust in Lithuania
4043:Lithuanian Security Police
3701:The Holocaust in Lithuania
2615:Vytautas Magnus University
2613:(Thesis) (in Lithuanian).
2483:Stoliarovas (2008a), p. 15
2241:Stoliarovas (2008a), p. 36
2229:Stoliarovas (2008a), p. 21
1780:Stoliarovas (2008a), p. 16
1644:Lithuanian Security Police
1585:
714:To anti-aircraft units or
684:VAT Work unit (former LSD)
527:Vilniaus atstatymo tarnyba
291:Sources and historiography
4213:Songs of the Vilna Ghetto
4193:
4140:HKP 562 forced labor camp
3707:
3543:Vilnius Infantry Regiment
3302:
3088:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
3035:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
3010:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
2985:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
2960:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
2936:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
2911:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
2886:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
2861:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
2817:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
2792:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
2628:Kauno istorijos metraštis
2592:(in Lithuanian). Mintis.
2566:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
2542:Genocidas Ir Rezistencija
1865:Suziedelis (2011), p. 252
1808:Stoliarovas (2008a), p. 8
847:Capt Klimavičius Viktoras
758:Pocket: Soviet captivity
736:Capt Viktoras Klimavičius
507:Lietuvių savisaugos dalys
395:Lithuanian Activist Front
374:was reorganized into the
243:Lithuanian TDA Battalions
31:
26:
4150:Kauen concentration camp
4145:Kailis forced labor camp
4114:Ninth Fort November 1941
3646:Fatherland Defense Force
3580:Kaunas Infantry Regiment
3129:English-language sources
3029:Bubnys, Arūnas (2008b).
3004:Bubnys, Arūnas (2008a).
2930:Bubnys, Arūnas (2001c).
2905:Bubnys, Arūnas (2001b).
2880:Bubnys, Arūnas (2001a).
2836:Bubnys, Arūnas (1998c).
2811:Bubnys, Arūnas (1998b).
2786:Bubnys, Arūnas (1998a).
2647:Zizas, Rimantas (2004).
2447:Stankeras (2008), p. 538
2435:Stankeras (2008), p. 533
2297:Bubnys (2010), pp. 82–83
2250:Bubnys (2006), pp. 48–49
2147:Stankeras (2008), p. 534
2138:Stankeras (2008), p. 567
2129:Stankeras (2008), p. 566
1113:Capt Stanislovas Lipčius
674:To various German units
621:Col Lt Jonas Juknevičius
559:and their surroundings.
397:was formed in Berlin by
227:anti-partisan operations
3852:Franz Walter Stahlecker
3493:Construction battalions
3107:Bubnys, Arūnas (2013).
3082:Bubnys, Arūnas (2010).
2979:Bubnys, Arūnas (2007).
2955:Bubnys, Arūnas (2006).
2855:Bubnys, Arūnas (2000).
2537:Knezys, Stasys (2000).
2199:Bubnys (2010), p. 85–86
1286:To northern Yugoslavia
815:Capt Vincentas Ruseckas
693:Capt Pranas Ambraziūnas
346:in Vilnius in July 1941
285:Lietuvos apsaugos dalys
99:Operations jurisdiction
27:Litauische Hilfspolizei
4109:Kaunas 29 October 1941
3213:Mollo, Andrew (1992).
2018:Bubnys (1998c), p. 120
1748:"policijos batalionai"
1320:To aviation units and
1051:To the 15th battalion
973:To the 14th battalion
954:Capt Bronius Kairiūnas
777:Capt Juozas Kriščiūnas
655:Col Lt Petras Vertelis
526:
506:
491:
483:
475:
422:took over most of the
347:
104:German-occupied Europe
51:July 9, 1941
2673:Laimutė Breslavskienė
2383:Bubnys (2008b), p. 54
2371:Bubnys (2008b), p. 53
2362:Bubnys (2008b), p. 52
2220:Bubnys (2008a), p. 52
2089:Bubnys (2008b), p. 51
2077:Bubnys (2008b), p. 48
2065:Bubnys (2008b), p. 43
2056:Bubnys (2008b), p. 42
1968:Bubnys (2008b), p. 37
1950:Bubnys (2008b), p. 36
1342:Capt Povilas Bareišis
1271:Maj Bronius Bajerčius
1252:To the 2nd battalion
918:Capt Mykolas Slyvėnas
384:184th Rifle Divisions
366:" and another 17,600
364:enemies of the people
341:
277:savisaugos batalionai
212:SS- und Polizeiführer
151:Generalbezirk Litauen
3976:Bronislovas Paukštys
3895:Shmerke Kaczerginski
3812:Aleksandras Lileikis
3196:Macmillan Publishers
2330:Bubnys (2007), p. 76
2318:Bubnys (2007), p. 69
2309:Bubnys (2007), p. 70
2288:Bubnys (2010), p. 82
2279:Bubnys (2010), p. 81
2211:Bubnys (2010), p. 87
2190:Bubnys (2010), p. 85
2181:Bubnys (2010), p. 84
1158:Maj Albinas Levickis
1149:VAT Hrodna battalion
1031:Antanas Impulevičius
983:3rd battalion of PPT
768:5th battalion of PPT
727:4th battalion of PPT
509:or LSD) in Vilnius,
358:policies, including
261:(self-defense), and
4048:Rollkommando Hamann
3847:Rudolf Joachim Seck
3252:. Scarecrow Press.
2408:Bubnys (2009-10-17)
1986:Statiev 2010, p. 70
1977:Statiev 2010, p. 69
1557:Reichsarbeitsdienst
1436:: Soviet captivity
1305:Capt Vladas Aižinas
1092:: Soviet captivity
992:Capt Antanas Švilpa
883:Maj Juozas Jurkūnas
548:Majdanek death camp
492:apsaugos batalionas
368:deported to Siberia
309:exploited tales of
170:, head of the staff
162:Antanas Špokevičius
4165:Marcinkonys Ghetto
3971:Petronėlė Lastienė
3935:Yitzhak Wittenberg
3930:Elchonon Wasserman
3842:Adrian von Renteln
3807:Algirdas Klimaitis
3782:Algimantas Dailidė
3235:Statiev, Alexander
3216:Uniforms of the SS
2503:Lietuva, 1940–1990
1914:, p. 149-150.
1664:, p. 151-152.
1454:Capt V. Miliauskas
1416:Capt Jonas Matulis
446:Schutzmannschaften
348:
283:(security units),
4221:
4220:
4180:Švenčionys Ghetto
4087:
4086:
4058:Ypatingasis būrys
4014:
4013:
3925:Abraham Sutzkever
3900:Zelig Kalmanovich
3773:Perpetrators and
3667:
3666:
3606:
3605:
3574:
3573:
3487:
3486:
3174:Osprey Publishing
3146:978-0-19-879055-6
3090:(in Lithuanian).
3037:(in Lithuanian).
3012:(in Lithuanian).
2987:(in Lithuanian).
2962:(in Lithuanian).
2938:(in Lithuanian).
2913:(in Lithuanian).
2888:(in Lithuanian).
2863:(in Lithuanian).
2819:(in Lithuanian).
2794:(in Lithuanian).
2655:(in Lithuanian).
2599:978-5-417-00958-7
2586:Stankeras, Petras
2568:(in Lithuanian).
2544:(in Lithuanian).
1737:, pp. 35–37.
1635:
1634:
420:Army Group Centre
307:Soviet propaganda
257:(order service),
206:commanded by the
177:
176:
168:Antanas Rėklaitis
4256:
4104:Kaunas June 1941
4023:
3770:
3723:
3713:
3694:
3687:
3680:
3671:
3660:2nd TAR Regiment
3655:1st TAR Regiment
3576:
3539:
3338:
3322:Schutzmannschaft
3318:
3317:Related articles
3308:
3291:
3284:
3277:
3268:
3263:
3242:
3230:
3209:
3177:
3164:
3158:
3150:
3124:
3103:
3078:
3060:
3050:
3025:
3000:
2975:
2951:
2926:
2901:
2876:
2851:
2832:
2807:
2775:
2773:
2772:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2668:
2643:
2618:
2603:
2581:
2557:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2516:
2484:
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2472:
2469:
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2457:
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2328:
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2280:
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2271:
2268:
2251:
2248:
2242:
2239:
2230:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2212:
2209:
2200:
2197:
2191:
2188:
2182:
2179:
2168:
2165:
2148:
2145:
2139:
2136:
2130:
2127:
2118:
2115:
2106:
2103:
2090:
2087:
2078:
2075:
2066:
2063:
2057:
2054:
2045:
2042:
2019:
2016:
2010:
2007:
1996:
1995:Wnuk 2018, p. 94
1993:
1987:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1951:
1948:
1942:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1915:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1894:
1891:
1866:
1863:
1857:
1851:
1845:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1827:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1809:
1806:
1797:
1794:
1781:
1778:
1772:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1744:
1738:
1732:
1726:
1720:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1696:
1690:
1684:
1665:
1659:
1627:
1616:
1610:
1607:
1601:
1594:
1472:
1449:October 24, 1943
1070:Maj Kazys Šimkus
970:January 21, 1943
567:
531:Schutzmannschaft
496:Schutzmannschaft
469:
461:Franz Lechthaler
416:Army Group North
376:29th Rifle Corps
220:Schutzmannschaft
193:freedom fighters
185:Schutzmannschaft
93:Schutzmannschaft
81:
79:
78:
66:
64:
58:
56:
40:Schutzmannschaft
36:
19:
4264:
4263:
4259:
4258:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4253:
4224:
4223:
4222:
4217:
4189:
4175:Šiauliai Ghetto
4160:Lukiškės Prison
4128:
4083:
4062:
4010:
4006:Jan Zwartendijk
4001:Chiune Sugihara
3949:
3945:Wolf Durmashkin
3880:Alexander Bogen
3867:
3861:
3787:Erich Ehrlinger
3774:
3761:
3721:
3711:
3703:
3698:
3668:
3663:
3649:
3640:
3602:
3570:
3535:
3526:
3495:
3483:
3422:
3326:
3316:
3306:
3298:
3295:
3260:
3245:
3233:
3227:
3212:
3206:
3180:
3167:
3151:
3147:
3134:
3131:
3106:
3081:
3058:
3053:
3028:
3003:
2978:
2954:
2929:
2904:
2879:
2854:
2848:
2835:
2810:
2785:
2782:
2770:
2768:
2758:
2750:
2748:
2738:
2730:
2728:
2718:
2710:
2708:
2698:
2690:
2688:
2678:
2675:
2646:
2621:
2606:
2600:
2584:
2560:
2536:
2529:
2527:
2519:
2513:
2500:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2475:
2470:
2463:
2458:
2451:
2446:
2439:
2434:
2430:
2425:
2421:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2396:
2391:
2387:
2382:
2375:
2370:
2366:
2361:
2357:
2352:
2348:
2343:
2334:
2329:
2322:
2317:
2313:
2308:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2274:
2269:
2254:
2249:
2245:
2240:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2215:
2210:
2203:
2198:
2194:
2189:
2185:
2180:
2171:
2166:
2151:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2128:
2121:
2116:
2109:
2104:
2093:
2088:
2081:
2076:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2048:
2043:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2008:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1972:
1967:
1954:
1949:
1945:
1937:
1933:
1925:
1918:
1910:
1906:
1901:
1897:
1892:
1869:
1864:
1860:
1852:
1848:
1843:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1807:
1800:
1795:
1784:
1779:
1775:
1770:
1766:
1757:
1755:
1754:(in Lithuanian)
1746:
1745:
1741:
1733:
1729:
1725:, p. 1176.
1721:
1717:
1709:
1705:
1697:
1693:
1685:
1668:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1640:
1631:
1630:
1617:
1613:
1608:
1604:
1595:
1591:
1554:Lithuanians in
1466:
1434:Courland Pocket
1090:Courland Pocket
986:August 15, 1941
771:August 28, 1941
730:August 30, 1941
595:
590:
586:
582:First commander
576:Formation began
565:
539:
463:
441:
372:Lithuanian Army
360:nationalization
344:Lithuanian Jews
336:
293:
251:
204:Lithuanian Army
173:
135:
124:
115:Northern Russia
76:
74:
62:
60:
59:- May 1945
54:
52:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4262:
4260:
4252:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4226:
4225:
4219:
4218:
4216:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4194:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4136:
4134:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4095:
4093:
4089:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4081:
4076:
4070:
4068:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4053:TDA battalions
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4033:Einsatzgruppen
4029:
4027:
4020:
4016:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3966:Anna Borkowska
3963:
3957:
3955:
3951:
3950:
3948:
3947:
3942:
3940:Jacob Wygodzki
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3871:
3869:
3863:
3862:
3860:
3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3792:Joachim Hamann
3789:
3784:
3778:
3776:
3767:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3674:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3650:
3642:
3641:
3639:
3638:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3584:
3582:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3547:
3545:
3536:
3528:
3527:
3525:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3498:
3496:
3489:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3476:
3471:
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3461:
3456:
3451:
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3441:
3436:
3430:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3344:
3342:
3335:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3286:
3279:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3258:
3243:
3231:
3225:
3210:
3204:
3178:
3165:
3145:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3104:
3079:
3051:
3026:
3001:
2976:
2952:
2927:
2902:
2877:
2852:
2846:
2833:
2808:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2776:
2756:
2736:
2716:
2696:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2669:
2644:
2619:
2604:
2598:
2582:
2558:
2534:
2517:
2511:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2473:
2461:
2449:
2437:
2428:
2419:
2410:
2394:
2385:
2373:
2364:
2355:
2346:
2344:Bubnys (2001c)
2332:
2320:
2311:
2299:
2290:
2281:
2272:
2270:Bubnys (2001b)
2252:
2243:
2231:
2222:
2213:
2201:
2192:
2183:
2169:
2167:Bubnys (1998b)
2149:
2140:
2131:
2119:
2107:
2105:Bubnys (2001a)
2091:
2079:
2067:
2058:
2046:
2020:
2011:
1997:
1988:
1979:
1970:
1952:
1943:
1941:, p. 151.
1931:
1929:, p. 150.
1916:
1904:
1895:
1867:
1858:
1856:, p. 149.
1846:
1837:
1828:
1819:
1810:
1798:
1796:Bubnys (1998a)
1782:
1773:
1764:
1739:
1735:Caballero 2002
1727:
1715:
1711:Caballero 2002
1703:
1691:
1689:, p. 152.
1666:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1629:
1628:
1611:
1602:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1562:
1560:
1552:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1515:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1494:April 27, 1944
1492:
1491:Training units
1489:
1483:
1482:
1476:
1473:
1461:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1431:
1428:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1392:
1389:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1130:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1087:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1033:
1027:
1024:
1023:August 9, 1941
1021:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1001:
996:
993:
990:
987:
984:
981:
975:
974:
971:
968:
963:
958:
955:
952:
947:
944:
941:
935:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
913:
911:
909:
903:
902:
900:
897:
892:
887:
884:
881:
878:
876:
874:
868:
867:
864:
861:
856:
851:
848:
845:
842:
840:
838:
832:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
810:
807:
804:
798:
797:
794:
791:
786:
781:
778:
775:
772:
769:
766:
760:
759:
753:
750:
745:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
719:
718:
712:
709:
703:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
676:
675:
672:
669:
664:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
638:
637:
634:
631:
628:
625:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
604:
603:
600:
599:Date disbanded
597:
592:
587:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
564:
561:
538:
535:
440:
437:
424:Vilnius Region
335:
332:
292:
289:
281:apsaugos dalys
255:Ordnungsdienst
250:
247:
214:in Lithuania.
175:
174:
172:
171:
165:
159:
153:
143:Lucian Wysocki
139:
137:
131:
130:
126:
125:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
110:
102:
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
72:
68:
67:
49:
45:
44:
37:
29:
28:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4261:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4195:
4192:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4135:
4131:
4125:
4124:Švenčionėliai
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4096:
4094:
4090:
4080:
4079:Paper Brigade
4077:
4075:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4065:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4024:
4021:
4017:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3986:Antanas Poška
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3952:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3920:Ephraim Oshry
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3910:Rozka Korczak
3908:
3906:
3905:Vitka Kempner
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3885:Josef Glazman
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3864:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3827:Jonas Noreika
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3817:Hinrich Lohse
3815:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3775:collaborators
3771:
3768:
3764:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3720:
3718:
3717:The Holocaust
3715:
3710:
3709:
3706:
3702:
3695:
3690:
3688:
3683:
3681:
3676:
3675:
3672:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3577:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3544:
3540:
3537:
3533:
3529:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3490:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3425:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3339:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3323:
3320:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3305:
3304:
3301:
3292:
3287:
3285:
3280:
3278:
3273:
3272:
3269:
3261:
3259:9780810875364
3255:
3251:
3250:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3226:1-872004-62-8
3222:
3218:
3217:
3211:
3207:
3205:9780028960906
3201:
3197:
3193:
3192:New York City
3189:
3188:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3166:
3162:
3156:
3148:
3142:
3138:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3110:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3069:(686): 6, 8.
3068:
3064:
3057:
3052:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2853:
2849:
2847:9986-757-12-6
2843:
2839:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2789:
2784:
2783:
2780:Arūnas Bubnys
2779:
2767:on 2015-04-19
2766:
2762:
2757:
2747:on 2015-04-19
2746:
2742:
2737:
2727:on 2015-04-19
2726:
2722:
2717:
2707:on 2015-04-19
2706:
2702:
2697:
2687:on 2015-04-19
2686:
2682:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2653:Karo Archyvas
2650:
2645:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2611:
2605:
2601:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2540:
2535:
2525:
2524:
2518:
2514:
2512:9986-757-65-7
2508:
2504:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2489:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2456:
2454:
2450:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2429:
2423:
2420:
2414:
2411:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2368:
2365:
2359:
2356:
2350:
2347:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2333:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2315:
2312:
2306:
2304:
2300:
2294:
2291:
2285:
2282:
2276:
2273:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2247:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2226:
2223:
2217:
2214:
2208:
2206:
2202:
2196:
2193:
2187:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2150:
2144:
2141:
2135:
2132:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2112:
2108:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2086:
2084:
2080:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2047:
2044:Bubnys (2000)
2041:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2006:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1992:
1989:
1983:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1908:
1905:
1899:
1896:
1893:Knezys (2000)
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1847:
1841:
1838:
1832:
1829:
1823:
1820:
1814:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1753:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1736:
1731:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1716:
1713:, p. 35.
1712:
1707:
1704:
1701:, p. 26.
1700:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1658:
1655:
1649:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1637:
1625:
1624:Arūnas Bubnys
1621:
1620:the Holocaust
1615:
1612:
1606:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1484:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:July 21, 1942
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1285:
1283:November 1944
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1249:February 1943
1248:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1172:July 26, 1944
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1064:June 28, 1941
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1050:
1048:February 1944
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
980:
977:
976:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
956:
953:
951:
948:
945:
942:
940:
937:
936:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
912:
910:
908:
905:
904:
901:
899:Nov. 20, 1943
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
877:
875:
873:
870:
869:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
849:
846:
843:
841:
839:
837:
834:
833:
829:
826:
823:
820:
817:
814:
811:
808:
805:
803:
800:
799:
795:
793:December 1944
792:
790:
789:Švenčionėliai
787:
785:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
765:
762:
761:
757:
754:
752:February 1944
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
724:
721:
720:
717:
713:
710:
708:
704:
702:
698:
695:
692:
689:
687:July 14, 1941
686:
683:
681:
678:
677:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
649:July 14, 1941
648:
645:
643:
640:
639:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
615:July 14, 1941
614:
611:
609:
606:
605:
602:Further fate
601:
598:
593:
588:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
568:
562:
560:
558:
554:
553:Švenčionėliai
549:
545:
536:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
499:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
467:
462:
458:
453:
449:
447:
438:
436:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
412:
408:
407:June Uprising
404:
400:
396:
391:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
356:sovietization
353:
345:
340:
333:
331:
329:
328:Arūnas Bubnys
324:
320:
315:
312:
308:
304:
303:Soviet period
300:
299:
290:
288:
286:
282:
278:
274:
271:(abbreviated
270:
269:
264:
260:
256:
248:
246:
244:
240:
239:the Holocaust
236:
232:
228:
223:
221:
215:
213:
209:
205:
201:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
169:
166:
163:
160:
158:
154:
152:
148:
144:
141:
140:
138:
132:
127:
120:
117:
114:
111:
108:
107:
105:
101:
97:
94:
91:
87:
84:
73:
69:
50:
46:
41:
35:
30:
25:
20:
4185:Vilna Ghetto
4155:Kovno Ghetto
4099:Jäger Report
4026:Perpetrators
3996:Anton Schmid
3961:Kazys Binkis
3890:Jay M. Ipson
3875:Chaim Yellin
3857:Martin Weiss
3837:Helmut Rauca
3802:Bruno Kittel
3712:Main article
3331:
3307:Main article
3248:
3238:
3215:
3186:
3182:Yitzhak Arad
3169:
3136:
3112:
3091:
3087:
3066:
3062:
3038:
3034:
3013:
3009:
2988:
2984:
2963:
2959:
2939:
2935:
2914:
2910:
2889:
2885:
2864:
2860:
2837:
2820:
2816:
2795:
2791:
2769:. Retrieved
2765:the original
2749:. Retrieved
2745:the original
2729:. Retrieved
2725:the original
2709:. Retrieved
2705:the original
2689:. Retrieved
2685:the original
2656:
2652:
2631:
2627:
2609:
2589:
2569:
2565:
2545:
2541:
2528:, retrieved
2522:
2502:
2490:Bibliography
2431:
2422:
2413:
2388:
2367:
2358:
2349:
2314:
2293:
2284:
2275:
2246:
2225:
2216:
2195:
2186:
2143:
2134:
2061:
2014:
1991:
1982:
1973:
1946:
1934:
1907:
1898:
1861:
1849:
1840:
1831:
1822:
1813:
1776:
1767:
1756:. Retrieved
1751:
1742:
1730:
1718:
1706:
1694:
1657:
1614:
1605:
1592:
1555:
1475:October 1944
1351:
1265:May 25, 1942
1244:
1043:
1003:
965:
894:
863:January 1944
858:
747:
594:Location on
540:
530:
500:
495:
454:
450:
442:
399:Kazys Škirpa
392:
349:
316:
296:
294:
284:
280:
276:
272:
266:
263:Hilfspolizei
262:
259:Selbstschutz
258:
254:
252:
224:
216:
180:
178:
3991:Ona Šimaitė
3981:Karl Plagge
3915:Abba Kovner
3866:Victims and
3832:Mike Pasker
3822:Franz Murer
1939:Bubnys 2017
1927:Bubnys 2017
1912:Bubnys 2017
1854:Bubnys 2017
1687:Bubnys 2017
1662:Bubnys 2017
1467: [
1391:August 1944
1336:Spring 1942
1317:August 1944
1230:Summer 1942
1195:1941 autumn
1165:Baranovichi
1129:Summer 1944
1105:August 1941
1073:Extensively
1035:Extensively
946:August 1941
827:August 1944
671:August 1944
589:Location on
573:Formed from
464: [
380:179th Rifle
249:Terminology
197:anti-Soviet
106:including:
38:Lithuanian
4228:Categories
4170:Ninth Fort
4067:Resistance
3868:resistance
3797:Karl Jäger
3534:battalions
3334:battalions
3139:. Oxford.
2771:2015-04-18
2751:2015-04-18
2731:2015-04-18
2711:2015-04-18
2691:2015-04-18
2530:2015-04-18
1758:2023-09-03
1752:www.vle.lt
1699:Mollo 1992
1650:References
1526:April 1944
1410:March 1943
1356:April 1944
1212:Daugavpils
1169:Near Minsk
890:Kirovohrad
596:1944-03-17
591:1942-08-26
557:Švenčionys
537:Atrocities
523:Lithuanian
503:Lithuanian
488:Lithuanian
480:Lithuanian
334:Background
311:war crimes
235:rear areas
155:A. Engel,
136:commanders
129:Commanders
55:1941-07-09
3427:(250–259)
3155:cite book
3121:1392-0677
3100:1392-3463
3075:2029-3534
3047:1392-3463
3022:1392-3463
2997:1392-3463
2972:1392-3463
2948:1392-3463
2923:1392-3463
2898:1392-3463
2873:1392-3463
2829:1392-3463
2804:1392-3463
2665:1392-6489
2640:1822-2617
2578:1392-3463
2554:1392-3463
1723:Arad 1990
1510:Late 1944
1352:disbanded
1245:disbanded
1152:July 1941
1077:Dedovichi
1044:disbanded
1008:Late 1943
1004:disbanded
966:disbanded
961:Panevėžys
950:Panevėžys
930:July 1944
895:disbanded
859:disbanded
809:July 1941
784:Dedovichi
748:disbanded
711:July 1944
667:Adutiškis
633:Fall 1944
585:Holocaust
579:Formed in
439:Formation
386:) of the
231:Wehrmacht
109:Lithuania
83:Lithuania
3954:Rescuers
3752:Slovakia
3237:(2010).
3184:(1990).
2588:(2008).
1638:See also
1565:Koszalin
1430:May 1945
1426:Panemunė
1299:May 1943
1177:Szczecin
1125:Šiauliai
1120:Šiauliai
1109:Šiauliai
1086:May 1945
999:Korosten
388:Red Army
3757:Ukraine
3732:Estonia
3727:Belarus
1586:Notes:
1551:Lietuva
1530:Prienai
1396:Dresden
1348:Vilnius
1339:Vilnius
1322:Dresden
1155:Vilnius
1138:Dresden
1082:Opochka
824:Vilnius
821:Vilnius
812:Vilnius
743:Stalino
716:Dresden
690:Vilnius
652:Vilnius
630:Vilnius
627:Vilnius
618:Vilnius
511:Pabradė
432:Vilnius
414:Groups:
305:, when
229:in the
134:Notable
118:Ukraine
112:Belarus
71:Country
63:1945-05
61: (
53: (
4133:Places
4119:Ponary
4092:Events
4019:Groups
3766:People
3747:Russia
3742:Poland
3737:Latvia
3341:(1–15)
3256:
3223:
3202:
3143:
3119:
3113:Voruta
3098:
3073:
3063:Voruta
3045:
3020:
2995:
2970:
2946:
2921:
2896:
2871:
2844:
2827:
2802:
2663:
2638:
2596:
2576:
2552:
2509:
1480:Gdańsk
1413:Kaunas
1387:Slutsk
1383:Kaunas
1375:Kaunas
1314:Lublin
1302:Kaunas
1280:Lublin
1277:Kaunas
1268:Kaunas
1241:Kaunas
1233:Kaunas
1198:Kaunas
1181:Gdańsk
1134:Gdańsk
1067:Kaunas
1026:Kaunas
989:Kaunas
927:Kaunas
924:Kaunas
915:Kaunas
880:Kaunas
844:Kaunas
774:Kaunas
733:Kaunas
662:Lublin
544:Slutsk
519:Varėna
517:, and
515:Trakai
472:German
428:Kaunas
409:. The
370:. The
273:Schuma
183:was a
121:Poland
80:
48:Active
3648:(TAR)
3059:(PDF)
1519:259th
1487:258th
1471:]
1442:257th
1403:256th
1365:255th
1329:254th
1292:253rd
1258:252nd
1223:251st
1207:Pskov
1188:250th
1039:Minsk
854:Lityn
756:Kovel
707:Minsk
705:Near
701:Minsk
699:Near
468:]
317:When
298:Karys
3254:ISBN
3221:ISBN
3200:ISBN
3161:link
3141:ISBN
3117:ISSN
3096:ISSN
3071:ISSN
3043:ISSN
3018:ISSN
2993:ISSN
2968:ISSN
2944:ISSN
2919:ISSN
2894:ISSN
2869:ISSN
2842:ISBN
2825:ISSN
2800:ISSN
2661:ISSN
2636:ISSN
2594:ISBN
2574:ISSN
2550:ISSN
2507:ISBN
1464:Svir
1179:and
1145:15th
1136:and
1098:14th
1057:13th
1029:Maj
1016:12th
979:11th
939:10th
555:and
430:and
393:The
382:and
179:The
147:SSPF
89:Type
3636:307
3631:304
3626:302
3621:243
3616:242
3611:241
3598:310
3593:308
3588:301
3566:309
3561:306
3556:305
3551:303
3479:259
3474:258
3469:257
3464:256
3459:255
3454:254
3449:253
3444:252
3439:251
3434:250
1577:n/a
1574:n/a
1542:n/a
1539:n/a
1507:n/a
1504:n/a
1478:To
1460:n/a
1422:n/a
1394:To
1311:n/a
1274:Yes
1175:To
1132:To
1116:Yes
995:Yes
957:Yes
907:9th
872:8th
850:Yes
836:7th
802:6th
764:5th
723:4th
696:Yes
680:3rd
658:Yes
642:2nd
624:Yes
608:1st
570:BN#
323:KGB
233:'s
157:KdO
149:in
4230::
3418:15
3413:14
3408:13
3403:12
3398:11
3393:10
3198:.
3194::
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3157:}}
3153:{{
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2570:22
2548:.
2476:^
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2255:^
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2110:^
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2070:^
2049:^
2023:^
2000:^
1955:^
1919:^
1870:^
1801:^
1785:^
1750:.
1669:^
1571:No
1536:No
1501:No
1469:lt
1457:No
1419:No
1380:No
1345:No
1308:No
1238:No
1203:No
1161:No
921:No
886:No
818:No
780:No
739:No
525::
513:,
505::
498:.
490::
482::
478:;
474::
466:de
448:.
145:,
3693:e
3686:t
3679:v
3522:5
3517:4
3512:3
3507:2
3502:1
3388:9
3383:8
3378:7
3373:6
3368:5
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3358:3
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3348:1
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943:-
378:(
65:)
57:)
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