20:
99:
joint winners of India's first round-robin chess tournament in
Calcutta in 1878. It is, however, not clear if the two were also Steel's "Baboo caste" teammates. Similarly, the identity of Steel's Anglo-Indian teammate is difficult to confirm. Nevertheless, Steel's partnering with Indians in the same sports team contrasts with contemporaneous racially and religiously segregated sports in colonial India, such as cricket and football.
94:
The rules of the match required moves to be communicated within forty-eight hours. The match commended on 28 October 1880 and ended in March 1881. The
Calcutta team was initially led by Steel, "assisted by two natives and an Anglo-Indian". However, Steel departed for Britain mid-way. In the end, two
98:
The "natives" who were Steel's teammates were reported to be "Baboo caste", i.e. Brahmins, but their names do not appear to be easily confirmable. A report from 1880 describes Baboo Ishur
Chunder Gossain and Baboo Mahodeb Chowbey as two "eminent" players in India, and Steel and Gossain were declared
90:
At the time, a telegram from
Liverpool to Calcutta cost four shillings and six pence a word (over GBP 20 in present-day valuation). However, a member of the Liverpool Chess Club devised a unique code which reduced time and expenses considerably. An updated version of the code was later used in the
64:, a wealthy businessman in Calcutta who was also a renowned chess player, in addition to being a former president of the Liverpool Chess Club.
390:
363:
336:
127:
417:
49:
91:
Anglo-American cable chess matches, though the latter was criticised as inferior to the code used in the
Liverpool-Calcutta match.
95:
games were played, with
Liverpool winning the first (after Calcutta resigned) and drawing the second, thus winning overall.
427:
25:
61:
77:
382:
Policing 'Bengali
Terrorism' in India and the World: Imperial Intelligence and Revolutionary Nationalism, 1905-1939
19:
422:
432:
67:
412:
45:
386:
359:
332:
123:
71:
reported that the match was "exciting great interest in chess circles all over the world",
83:
144:
406:
284:
244:
380:
353:
326:
309:
268:
200:
181:
160:
117:
328:
Sultan Khan: The Indian
Servant Who Became Chess Champion of the British Empire
219:
60:(now Kolkata), over the course of several months. The match was proposed by
53:
23:
Final outcome of the first game between
Liverpool and Calcutta, reported by
146:
Liverpool Chess Club: A Short Sketch of the Club from Its First
Meeting ...
52:
of 1896 to 1911. The match was played between the Liverpool Chess Club in
75:
referred to the match as "the leading topic of chess conversation", the
87:
similarly termed it "a most remarkable match in the history of chess."
57:
36:, was the world's first intercontinental, long-distance chess match.
81:
called it "the most remarkable event of the kind", and the London
18:
176:
174:
172:
285:"Liverpool vs Calcutta Telegraph Match (1880)"
245:"Liverpool vs Calcutta Telegraph Match (1880)"
149:Harvard University. The Liverpool chess club.
116:Spalding, Roger; Brown, Alyson (2009-03-26).
8:
355:Sport in Capitalist Society: A Short History
29:(Calcutta resigning and Liverpool winning).
108:
195:
193:
119:Entertainment, Leisure and Identities
7:
214:
212:
48:, predating and later inspiring the
50:Anglo-American cable chess matches
14:
379:Silvestri, Michael (2019-07-08).
122:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
270:The International Chess Magazine
186:. Jas. Wade. 1880. p. 100.
34:Liverpool versus Calcutta, 1880
308:College, Huddersfield (1880).
165:. Trubner & Company. 1881.
1:
311:Huddersfield College Magazine
352:Collins, Tony (2013-04-12).
202:The Chess Player's Chronicle
418:Chess in the United Kingdom
325:King, Daniel (2020-04-08).
220:"INTERNATIONAL CHESS MATCH"
449:
162:The British Chess Magazine
358:. Routledge. p. 65.
44:The match was played via
16:Long-distance chess match
78:Chess Player's Chronicle
68:British Chess Magazine
30:
22:
428:Correspondence chess
143:J. S. Edgar (1893).
46:electrical telegraph
205:. J. Sampson. 1880.
289:www.chessgames.com
249:www.chessgames.com
31:
392:978-3-030-18042-3
365:978-1-135-08199-7
338:978-90-5691-876-7
183:The Chess-monthly
129:978-1-4438-0724-1
73:The Chess Monthly
26:The Chess Monthly
440:
397:
396:
376:
370:
369:
349:
343:
342:
331:. New In Chess.
322:
316:
315:
305:
299:
298:
296:
295:
281:
275:
274:
265:
259:
258:
256:
255:
241:
235:
234:
232:
231:
216:
207:
206:
197:
188:
187:
178:
167:
166:
157:
151:
150:
140:
134:
133:
113:
56:and a team from
448:
447:
443:
442:
441:
439:
438:
437:
403:
402:
401:
400:
393:
378:
377:
373:
366:
351:
350:
346:
339:
324:
323:
319:
307:
306:
302:
293:
291:
283:
282:
278:
267:
266:
262:
253:
251:
243:
242:
238:
229:
227:
218:
217:
210:
199:
198:
191:
180:
179:
170:
159:
158:
154:
142:
141:
137:
130:
115:
114:
110:
105:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
446:
444:
436:
435:
430:
425:
423:Chess in India
420:
415:
405:
404:
399:
398:
391:
371:
364:
344:
337:
317:
314:. p. 280.
300:
276:
260:
236:
208:
189:
168:
152:
135:
128:
107:
106:
104:
101:
41:
38:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
445:
434:
433:1880 in chess
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
410:
408:
394:
388:
384:
383:
375:
372:
367:
361:
357:
356:
348:
345:
340:
334:
330:
329:
321:
318:
313:
312:
304:
301:
290:
286:
280:
277:
272:
271:
264:
261:
250:
246:
240:
237:
225:
221:
215:
213:
209:
204:
203:
196:
194:
190:
185:
184:
177:
175:
173:
169:
164:
163:
156:
153:
148:
147:
139:
136:
131:
125:
121:
120:
112:
109:
102:
100:
96:
92:
88:
86:
85:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
39:
37:
35:
28:
27:
21:
385:. Springer.
381:
374:
354:
347:
327:
320:
310:
303:
292:. Retrieved
288:
279:
269:
263:
252:. Retrieved
248:
239:
228:. Retrieved
226:. 1880-12-18
224:Evening News
223:
201:
182:
161:
155:
145:
138:
118:
111:
97:
93:
89:
82:
76:
72:
65:
62:Robert Steel
43:
33:
32:
24:
413:Chess games
407:Categories
294:2021-10-24
254:2021-10-24
230:2021-10-25
103:References
84:Daily News
54:Liverpool
58:Calcutta
273:. 1890.
40:History
389:
362:
335:
126:
387:ISBN
360:ISBN
333:ISBN
124:ISBN
66:The
409::
287:.
247:.
222:.
211:^
192:^
171:^
395:.
368:.
341:.
297:.
257:.
233:.
132:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
