622:
operation, project performance data is measured. After the operation period, the team submits all data and documentation for auditing. The auditing process is performed by an independent third-party. This independent auditor performs a preliminary audit and a final audit where imperative performances are checked with data and extra documentation. During the final audit, the auditors will do another documentation audit along with a site visit of the project and an audit report for the team. If the auditor concludes that the project achieves all of the applicable imperatives and the site visit is satisfactory, the project will be awarded its certification. The first Living
Buildings were certified in October 2010, and by March 2013, only six had achieved certification.
590:
135:
146:, flowers are an accurate representation of a truly regenerative building which receives all of its energy from the sun, nutrients from the soil, and water from the sky. Similar to a flower, they simultaneously shelter other organisms and support the surrounding ecosystem. They also serve as beauty and inspiration and adapt to their surroundings. Meanwhile, the petals of the flower represent each performance area in the framework. These petals include Materials, Place, Water, Energy, Health and Happiness, Equity, and Beauty.
922:
914:
866:
33:
1872:, the energy measurement unit to change to carbon emissions, and the lack of regional considerations. In addition, there are criticisms of a project's large number of obstacles due to building code regulations that have not been changing in time to adapt to climate change. In turn, this has caused a decrease in the rate of newly registered Living Building Challenge projects.
258:
residential, multi-family residential, institutional buildings (government, education, research, or religious), commercial (offices, hospitality, retail), and medical or laboratory buildings. There are 3 certification pathways, Living
Building Certification, Petal Certification, and Zero Energy Certification a project can pursue, all of which are awarded on performance.
234:, and to report all materials used and their manufacturer and extraction information. Additionally, projects achieve this petal by creating a materials conservation management plan, using salvaged materials, tracking the location sources of the project's materials, using products with Declare labels, among other tasks.
1856:
Review for either. They provide height and floor area incentives for buildings in exchange for meeting high-performance green building requirements.". By achieving certification, the project can build up to 25% more floor area than regulations in certain zones allow, and in some cases more building height.
1072:
From the design team to contractors, the project tried to limit the distance traveled for each person working on the project. Almost everyone working on the project was from within a 5-10 km radius of the site. Almost all workers (except for 1) used public transportation or biked to the project site.
897:
The
International Living Future Institute is a non-governmental organization (NGO) committed to catalyzing a global transformation toward true sustainability. The Institute seeks partnerships with leaders in the public, private and not-for-profit sectors in pursuit of a future that is socially just,
1089:
The project is designed with accessible spaces with the installation of an accessible sink, accessible storage areas, a ramp, and an ADA-accessible restroom. The owner also partners with nonprofits, community organizations, and neighborhood organizations to host free events and educational or social
1855:
The Living building challenge has appeared in a publication from the
Seattle Department of Construction and Inspections on Seattle's Climate Strategies. According to the publication, these programs allow developers to "request additional departures from the Seattle Land Use Code through Design
1632:
Partnership, architect; PAE Consulting
Engineers, mechanical and electrical engineering; DCI Engineers, structural engineering; RDH Group, envelope engineering; Haley and Aldrich, geotechnical engineering; Springline, civil engineering; 2020 Engineering, water supply and reuse systems; Solar Design
995:
The project contains a low flow faucet, a low flow valve, a compostable toilet, and a UV filter for rainwater. The building is also raised off the ground with footings in order for proper stormwater infiltration. A variance was awarded by the State of
Massachusetts Board of Plumbers and Gas Fitters
647:
The handbooks provide a source of consolidated and clarified rules for meeting the imperatives. They are updated continuously based on new
Dialogue posts and innovations made by new Living Building Challenge projects. They are used as reference tools but recommended in conjunction with the Dialogue
240:
aims to change society's mindset in which property ownership allows owners to externalize negative environmental impacts onto others. This is done by creating spaces where people of all capabilities, disabilities, ages, and economic status have equal access. It also requires that the project must
1859:
In many cases, projects have to request variances or alternative compliance pathways for building codes due to their design choices for the Living
Building Challenge. Regulators often require evidence of the proposed performance of the new or innovative materials and technologies LBC project use,
1098:
The layout of the project promotes openness and awareness for the occupants. Visitors in one room can look outside and into other rooms encouraging connections with nature and others. The views outside the windows look onto the gardens, water filtration equipment storage, and waste storage areas,
621:
In order for a project to achieve certification, it needs to be registered and a registration fee has to be paid according to its typology. The project team then continues documentation for the certification and operation and occupancy for at least 12 consecutive months. During this occupancy and
162:
have designers analyze the location of a site and the impacts the construction will have on the nearby environment and society before being built and during its operation. It focuses on creating a connected community that is more pedestrian focused, protecting and restoring existing nature, and
612:
To receive this certification projects must achieve at least four imperatives, "Limits to Growth", "Net
Positive Energy" (reduced to one hundred percent), "Beauty + Spirit", and "Inspiration + Education". The Net Positive Energy imperative's requirements are changed from producing 105% of the
125:
The end goal of the Living
Building Challenge is to encourage the creation of a regenerative built environment. The challenge is an attempt "to raise the bar for building standards from doing less harm to contributing positively to the environment." It "acts to rapidly diminish the gap between
638:
Only members of registered Living Building Challenge projects can access The Dialogue. It is an online platform that provides a direct path of communication between project teams and the International Living Future Institute's technical staff. Teams can asks questions concerning imperatives,
585:
This is a certification that is awarded to a project if it achieves at least 3 complete petals (with all of the petal's applicable imperatives) out of the 7 total petals. One of the 3 completed petals must be the Energy, Water, or Materials petal. In addition, regardless of completed petals,
257:
Certification is based on actual, rather than modeled or anticipated, performance. Therefore, projects must be operational for at least 12 consecutive months prior to evaluation. Types of projects which can be certified include but are not limited to existing or new buildings, single-family
1025:
A high-efficiency Zhender energy recovery ventilation (ERV) system is installed in the space. The ERV pulls outside air into its air exchanger and is filtered, its temperature and humidity is then changed to match indoor thermal conditions to maximize indoor thermal comfort for occupants.
154:
Living Building Challenge comprises seven performance areas: site, water, energy, health and happiness, materials, equity and beauty. Each performance area has its own intention and are subdivided into a total of twenty Imperatives, each of which focuses on a specific sphere of influence:
247:
focuses on encouraging project teams to put in genuine and thoughtful efforts into beautifying the project. Although beauty is not subjectively defined in the framework, it is stressed that beauty should be a goal in order to inspire and elevate the lives of the occupants, visitors, and
938:, Boston, MA, USA, is an example of a certified Living (full certification) project. Certified in 2016, the dojo serves as a multi-purpose space for community members to host educational events, fitness classes, or just gather to eat or celebrate. The project employs technology such as
986:
The site already exists between two major subway stations, is near multiple bus routes, and near a park containing a bicycle network and pedestrian paths. An additional pedestrian pathway runs through the project's property, encouraging connections to local schools and commerce.
1119:
Over 100 project teams are pursuing the Challenge, most of which have officially registered with the Institute. As of February 2023 twenty-five buildings have been certified as Living Buildings. Below is a list of some of the projects pursuing or certified under the Challenge.
888:
It was reported in April 2016 that a total of 331 registered Living Building Challenge projects yielded a total of 14.1 million square feet of registered total floor area. According to the International Living Future Institute, as of May 2017 there are 380 registered projects.
1224:
Bruner/Cott Architects; Wright Builders, Inc.; Integrated Eco Strategy; Berkshire Design Group; Marc Rosenbaum; Kalin Associates, Inc.; PV Squared; Crocker Communications; Kohler & Lewis Engineers; R.W. Sullivan Engineering; Lewis Lighting Design; Richard Burke Associates
281:
Note: All imperatives are required unless "not required" is listed in the cell. If a project has scale jumping applicable for an imperative, the imperative is still required. Scale Jumping allows multiple buildings or projects to operate in a cooperative state – sharing
1107:
The Dojo has educational signage in the building which explains the Living Building Challenge features used in the design. The dojo also hosts a celebration "Village Week" annually to bring together the community and encourage resiliency and inter-community support.
271:
This is full certification where projects have achieved all imperatives applicable to their typology (see Table 1 for this breakdown). Projects must meet all assigned Imperatives and have proven performance through at least 12 consecutive months of operation.
1155:
Architect: Architectural Nexus; Civil Engineer: Warren Consulting Engineers; Landscape Architect: Architectural Nexus; Structural Engineer: Miyamoto; MEP Engineers: Glumac, ACCO Engineered Systems, Royal Electric; General Contractor: MarketOne Builders
109:. It can be applied to development at all scales, from buildings—both in new constructions and renovations—to infrastructure, landscapes, neighborhoods, both urban and rural communities, and differs from other green certification schemes such as
2801:
Eisenberg, David, et al. Code, Regulatory and Systemic Barriers Affecting Living Building Projects. Edited by Jason McLennan, Cascadia Region Green Building Council, 2009, Code, Regulatory and Systemic Barriers Affecting Living Building
169:
addresses the scarcity of water. A certified building is required to be designed to only use the amount of water that can be harvested onsite and purify the water without the use of chemicals. Projects achieving this petal often employ
684:. McLennan brought the program to Cascadia when he became its CEO in 2006. The International Living Building Institute was created of and by Cascadia in May 2009 to oversee the Living Building Challenge and its auxiliary programs.
1260:
Chazen, Conservation Design Forum, Tipping-Mar + Associates, BNIM Architects, BGR Consulting Engineers, Planet Reuse, Natural Systems International (now Biohabitats), John Todd Ecological Design, David Sember Construction
1034:
The design of the whole building was inspired by the three old oaks located on the site. The large windows allow for the views of the oaks to infiltrate the space while the wooden floors and interior bring in nature.
229:
chemical use, and large embodied energy use. The goal is to push the industry towards transparency and transform extraction and production practices. This is done by requiring projects to avoid all materials on the
1242:
designLAB Architects; Wright Builders, Inc.; Integrated Eco Strategy; Buro Happold Engineering; Berkshire Design Group; Dobbert Heating and Air Conditioning; PV Squared; Crocker Communications; Ichthys IT Services
1051:
A large amount of the project was built with salvaged materials from on-site, reclaimed surplus materials from the construction process, and materials from the owner's deconstructed family residence in Newton, MA.
1016:
Operable windows allow for fresh air and daylight to enter the space. It is also required for visitors to take off their shoes on the entryway matt to help improve indoor air quality and cleanliness in the space.
2774:
Torgelson, Nathan. "Living Building & 2030 Challenge Pilots." Seattle Department of Construction and Inspections, 2018, www.seattle.gov/sdci/permits/green-building/living -building-and-2030-challenge-pilots.
184:
focuses on the reduction and efficiency of energy by requiring the building to produce on-site 105% of the energy it needs year round. It also aims to shift the grid the building is connected to towards more
286:
as appropriate and allowing for Living Building, Site or Community status to be achieved as elegantly and efficiently as possible. This table is updated to reflect Living Building Challenge Version 3.1.
2792:
Hossaini, Navid, et al. "Spatial Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment: a Conceptual Framework for Net-Zero Buildings." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, vol. 17, no. 8, 2015, pp. 2243–2253.
1728:
1081:
All materials were kept on-site until it was determined to be not of use and a full load of waste was generated. Materials were sorted and stored to encourage reuse and salvaging for the builders.
1173:
Architect: Bohlin Cywinski Jackson; Civil Engineer: H.F. Lenz Co.; Landscape Architect: La Quatra Bonci Associates; Structural Engineer: Barber & Hoffman; Construction Manager: PJ Dick
105:
International Living Future Institute. It is described by the Institute as a philosophy, advocacy tool and certification program that promotes the measurement of sustainability in the
970:
Four raised soil beds were created from salvaged and local materials. One of the plots is offered to neighbors as a free community plot while the others grow vegetables and fruit.
1278:
Grimes Consulting, Williams Creek Consulting, Lewisites, ASDG, LLC, Hellmuth + Bicknese Architects, Solutions AEC, Clivis Multrum, Straight Up Solar, Bingman Construction Company
1366:
Land Development Solutions, Fulcrum Engineering, Toby Long Design, Rick Miller, Occidental Power, Eckman Environmental, John Todd Ecological, Helix Wind Power, Warm Floors
2895:
639:
clarifications, temporary exceptions, among other information, and see answers from the staff. The questions and responses help mold future versions of the certification.
2880:
1008:, electric radiant heating, an energy recovery ventilator, among other aspects all reduce energy consumption allowing the building to function net positive for energy.
2783:
Eisenberg, David A. "Transforming Building Regulatory Systems to Address Climate Change." Building Research & Information, vol. 44, no. 5-6, 2016, pp. 468–473.
110:
2930:
1064:
was purchased from the Sterritt Lumber Company. Other salvaged materials and wood was bought from Boston Building Resources, a charitable nonprofit company.
2825:
2378:
630:
Since the design and certification process of a building can bring up many questions and obstacles, there are multiple streams of access for guidance.
2910:
199:, thermal comfort, visual comfort, and integration of nature in order to increase the quality of human health and productivity. Projects often employ
660:
facilitation by the institute, and LBC collaboratives, where members from different LBC projects can discuss their work and learn from each other.
609:"One hundred percent of the building's energy needs on a net annual basis must be supplied by on-site renewable energy. No combustion is allowed."
2885:
2143:
1890:
1408:
Hastings + Chivetta Architects, Hellmuth + Bicknese Architects, Messer Construction, Davis & Plomin Mechanical, CMTA Consulting Engineers
2905:
1868:
Some criticisms from the field include the standard's need for more guidance for teams, the subjectiveness of some imperatives, the need for
2477:
2920:
209:
focus on eliminating the use of construction materials that have adverse environmental, health, and social impacts. These impacts include
953:
See the table below for descriptions of some of the project team's actions in order to comply with the project's applicable imperatives.
1942:
593:
The headquarters for the David and Lucille Packard Foundation located in Los Altos, California is a certified Net Zero Energy building.
2500:
Berkebile, Bob, and Jason McLennan. 1999. The Living Building. The World and I magazine. Washington, DC: Washington Times Publication.
1991:
1633:
Associates, solar technology; BRC Acoustics & Technology Consulting, acoustical engineering; Bush Roes & Hitchings, surveying
80:
901:
The Institute is the umbrella organization for the Living Building Challenge and the Cascadia Green Building Council, along with
2402:
2900:
2860:
62:
43:
1004:
A nearby off-site PV array provided the site with 5,030 kwh of energy in 2015. Technology such as a super insulated envelope,
2303:
2639:
2925:
2915:
2890:
2077:"Living Building Challenge: Water Petal | Office of Campus Sustainability | Georgia Institute of Technology | Atlanta, GA"
1815:
1005:
673:
656:
Other sources of technical assistance include webcasts and workshops hosted by the International Living Future Institute,
589:
2168:
126:
current limits and the end-game positive solutions we seek" by challenging architects, contractors, and building owners.
803:
2438:
2222:
943:
669:
231:
2591:
2119:
1916:
1295:
C.N. Ryzuk, Kris Dick, Building Alternatives, Byron Merriam (A-Tech Plumbing), Mike Isbrucker (Alternative Electric)
2414:
1692:
134:
2353:
2037:
1090:
gatherings. Operational emissions are minimal and one tree was relocated to prevent shading on a neighbor's yard.
1388:
2197:
58:
1346:
Belt Collins Hawaii Ltd., Walter Vorfeld & Associates, Flansburgh Architects, Hakalau Engineering, LLC,
142:
The Living Building Challenge employs the use of a flower metaphor for the framework. According to founder
1817:
102:
1425:
Andropogon Associates, Ann Rothmann, Re:Vision Architecture, M2 Architecture, AKF Engineers, Biohabitats
978:
The project partnered with the New England Forestry Foundation to create an offset for habitat exchange.
668:
The Living Building Challenge was launched by the Cascadia Green Building Council (a chapter of both the
2615:
2076:
1556:
Jim Pattison Centre of Excellence in Sustainable Building Technologies and Renewable Energy Conservation
2537:
138:
The representation of a flower with seven petals is used for the Living Building Challenge's framework.
921:
1898:
1043:
All materials and products used on the project were researched in depth to avoid red list materials.
283:
98:
2855:
878:
1869:
1540:
1500:
1467:
1459:
778:
The International Living Building Institute was renamed the International Living Future Institute.
171:
214:
196:
1724:
277:
The table below shows the breakdown of each petal and each building type's required imperatives:
2100:
1997:
1987:
1732:
1517:
677:
603:
178:
or closed-loop systems, compostable toilets, and other techniques to reduce and recycle water.
143:
106:
1711:
1573:
1463:
1442:
Andropogon Associates, Atlantic Engineering, The Design Alliance, CJL Engineering, evolveEA
1312:
Opsis Architecture, Sustainable Development Inc., Spectra Construction, Tanner Creek Energy
913:
902:
200:
186:
2750:
1681:
1544:
856:
Figure 1: Number of Registered Living Building Challenge Projects worldwide from 2006-2017
746:
The International Living Building Institute is formed by Cascadia Green Building Council.
2466:, vol. Water Handbook, International Living Future Institute, May 2017, pp. 1–2
1474:
structural engineers, StructureCraft timber design-builders, Ledcor Construction Limited
17:
2513:
2120:"How health factors into green building rating systems: Living Building Challenge - AIA"
1614:
1387:, RADA, Hughes Condon Marler, Cobalt Engineering, Ledcor Construction Limited (part of
1099:
reminding occupants of where their nutrients are coming from and where they are going.
1061:
54:
2874:
939:
935:
222:
2327:
1984:
The living building challenge : roots and rise of the world's greenest standard
613:
building's energy consumption, to 100% so it is only net zero and not net positive.
2727:
2144:"Living Building at Georgia Tech: Designing and Operating for Health and Happiness"
1737:
1347:
950:, energy recovery ventilator, composting toilets, solar energy, and a living roof.
947:
218:
2835:
2478:"How to Succeed with the Living Building Challenge: 12 Teams Share Tips (sidebar)"
1860:
which create further obstacles and documentation requirements from project teams.
874:
1569:
1471:
1384:
586:
imperatives "Limits to Growth" and "Inspiration and Education" must be achieved.
2198:"Using Salvaged Materials to Meet the Living Building Challenge Materials Petal"
1787:
1775:
1751:
1747:
1629:
2830:
2264:
1720:
2176:
602:
The certification and International Living Future Institute's definition of a
2664:
2001:
2702:
2561:
2250:, vol. 3, International Living Building Institute, 2016, pp. 58–61
2065:, vol. 3, International Living Building Institute, 2016, pp. 22–27
917:
Exterior view of the Old Oak Dojo located in Jamaica Plain, Boston, MA, USA.
657:
210:
203:, daylighting, operable windows, and other techniques to achieve this petal.
175:
2815:
2592:"Prior Versions of the Living Building Challenge Standard | Living Future"
2023:, vol. 3, International Living Building Institute, 2016, pp. 1–6
1499:, Quantum Engineers, Rushing, 2020 Engineers, Smalling Civil Engineering,
241:
not disturb another site's access to sunlight, fresh air, and clean water.
2691:, vol. 3, International Living Building Institute, 2016, p. 14
2292:, vol. 3, International Living Building Institute, 2016, p. 21
1782:; Geotechnical-Professional Service Industries, Inc.; Interior Designer-
1548:
1492:
1814:
Heapy Engineering, LWC, Thor Construction, Cope Environmental Center,
873:
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on
2836:
Comprehensive Assessment System for Building Environmental Efficiency
114:
2169:"Hampshire College Defies Amenities Arms Race with R.W. Kern Center"
2865:
2831:
ASHRAE Standard for the Design of High Performance, Green Buildings
1783:
1743:
1706:
SmithGroupJJR, WPL, Hourigan Construction, Skanska, Janet Harrison
2616:"The Living Building Challenge | The Buckminster Fuller Institute"
2514:"A Brief History of The Living Building Challenge | Living Future"
1779:
912:
588:
226:
133:
2856:
Building Research Establishment's Environmental Assessment Method
2703:"FAQ | International Living Future Institute | Living-Future.org"
2562:"FAQ | International Living Future Institute | Living-Future.org"
1759:
291:
Table 1: Breakdown of required imperatives for project typologies
2820:
1791:
730:
Cascadia announces the Living Building Challenge at Greenbuild.
681:
1943:"Beyond LEED and BREAM: The Living Building Challenge – Part 1"
1795:
1523:
Nye Architecture LLC, TM Rippey Associates, Colas Construction
838:
The 300th project registers for the Living Building Challenge.
786:
The 100th project registers for the Living Building Challenge.
2850:
2840:
2038:"Understanding the Living Building Challenge and Its "Petals""
1771:
859:
830:
The 200th project register for the Living Building Challenge.
195:
focuses on improving on the source of health problems such as
26:
2265:"Living Building Challenge Certification | Living-Future.org"
2102:
Living Building Challenge: Energy Petal Implementation Guide
1755:
2439:"What's New With the Living Building Challenge? | Trim Tab"
1763:
846:
Living Building Challenge Version 3.1 is published.
794:
Living Building Challenge Version 2.1 is published.
722:
McLennan becomes CEO of Cascadia Green Building Council.
2845:
2379:"Twitter brings the Living Building Challenge to the UK"
1767:
1672:
Mission Zero House / Kelly & Matt Grocoff Residence]
1190:
Black River Design, Architects; Integrated Eco Strategy
1628:
Point32, developer; Schuchart, general contractor; The
1597:
Robert Bateman Centre for Art + Environmental Education
1572:, AME Consulting Group, Applied Engineering Solutions,
1496:
714:
McLennan begins to write the Living Building Standard.
706:
McLennan & Berkebile publish "The Living Building"
50:
1712:
The Kendeda Building for Innovative Sustainable Design
2223:"Equity and the Living Building Challenge | Trim Tab"
1329:
Mosaic Family of Companies, Manasc Isaac Architects
1170:
City of Pittsburgh and Pittsburgh Parks Conservancy
814:
Net Zero Energy Building Certification is released.
762:
Living Building Challenge Version 2.0 is published.
754:
Living Building Challenge Version 1.3 is published.
738:
Living Building Challenge Version 1.2 is published.
61:, and by adding encyclopedic content written from a
1568:CEI Architecture, True Consulting Group, Site 360,
822:Living Building Challenge Version 3.0 is released.
1537:Green Building Services, Portland State University
1207:Ashley-McGraw, Architects; Binghamton University
2826:PNNL Sustainable Building Rating Systems Summary
2640:"Net Zero Energy is dead, long live Zero Energy"
770:The first 3 projects earn Living certification.
2728:"Living Building Challenge « Old Oak Dojo"
2665:"Living Building Challenge 3.0 | Living Future"
2328:"Zero Energy Certification | Living-Future.org"
898:culturally rich and ecologically restorative.
2821:International Living Future Institute website
2354:"Living Building Challenge Certification 101"
688:The Evolution of the Living Building Standard
101:certification program created in 2006 by the
8:
1889:Roddy Scheer; Doug Moss (January 6, 2013).
802:The Living Building Challenge receives the
1647:JSCY (Jasper Sustainability Club for Youth
1638:Jasper Junior Senior High Living Classroom
1122:
691:
294:
2896:Sustainable building in the United States
2851:Green Globes assessment and rating system
1447:VanDusen Botanical Garden Visitors Center
81:Learn how and when to remove this message
2881:2006 establishments in the United States
1910:
1908:
1479:Bertschi School Living Science Classroom
1439:Phipps Conseratory and Botanical Gardens
955:
920:
2308:The David and Lucile Packard Foundation
1881:
1687:THRIVE, BLUElab University of Michigan
163:encouraging a healthy level of density.
648:since they are not always up to date.
42:contains content that is written like
2755:International Living Future Institute
2745:
2743:
2707:International Living Future Institute
2586:
2584:
2582:
2566:International Living Future Institute
2508:
2506:
2332:International Living Future Institute
2269:International Living Future Institute
2259:
2257:
1456:VanDusen Botanical Garden Association
1334:Hawaii Preparatory Academy Energy Lab
1195:Binghamton University Nuthatch Hollow
893:International Living Future Institute
7:
2032:
2030:
2015:
2013:
2011:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1947:Archinect: Sustainable Design Weekly
1823:Sustainable Building Research Centre
1700:certified: Living, and LEED Platinum
1239:Hitchcock Center for the Environment
1230:Hitchcock Center for the Environment
2931:Sustainable building rating systems
1248:Omega Center for Sustainable Living
1086:Universal Access to Nature + Place
518:Universal Access to Nature + Place
2751:"Old Oak Dojo | Living-Future.org"
2538:"Jason of Cascadia: Green Warrior"
1729:Georgia Audubon Wildlife Sanctuary
1678:Certified Net Zero Energy Building
1363:Literacy for Environmental Justice
1178:Class of 1966 Environmental Center
25:
2816:Living Building Challenge website
2377:Hartman, Hattie (15 March 2013).
1982:Thomas, Mary Adam (11 May 2016).
1430:Center for Sustainable Landscapes
2911:Environment of the United States
1590:Phinney Neighborhood Association
946:in the floor, operable windows,
864:
31:
2108:, DLR Group, 2016, pp. 8–9
1891:"The Living Building Challenge"
1738:Georgia Institute of Technology
1796:Sonja Bochart Wellbeing+Design
1354:EcoCenter at Heron's Head Park
1:
2886:2006 establishments in Canada
1703:The Chesapeake Bay Foundation
1022:Healthy Interior Environment
674:Canada Green Building Council
598:Net Zero Energy Certification
420:Healthy Interior Environment
267:Living Building Certification
2906:Building thermal regulations
2175:. 2017-10-20. Archived from
1915:Starrs, Mel (13 July 2012).
1839:Tuhoe, Taneatua, New Zealand
1528:Oregon Sustainability Center
1266:Tyson Living Learning Center
1104:Inspiration & Education
996:for the compostable toilet.
925:Gardens at the Old Oak Dojo.
804:Buckminster Fuller Challenge
506:Human Scale + Humane Places
2921:Energy in the United States
2846:U.S. Green Building Council
2304:"Sustainability and Design"
1917:"Deepest green credentials"
1897:. EarthTalk. Archived from
1776:The Miller Hull Partnership
1748:The Miller Hull Partnership
1609:Iredale Group Architecture
1581:Phinney Neighborhood Center
1161:Frick Environmental Center
905:US and Ecotone Publishing.
670:U.S. Green Building Council
626:Resources for project teams
2947:
2415:"Dialogue | Living Future"
1693:Brock Environmental Center
1551:Construction, Biohabitats
1343:Hawaii Preparatory Academy
1048:Embodied Carbon Footprint
457:Embodied Carbon Footprint
323:
2689:Living Building Challenge
2644:Living Building Chronicle
2290:Living Building Challenge
2248:Living Building Challenge
2063:Living Building Challenge
2021:Living Building Challenge
1811:Cope Environmental Center
1802:Cope Environmental Center
1780:Lighting Associates, Inc.
1733:Native Plant Habitat Gold
1422:Alice Ferguson Foundation
1413:Alice Ferguson Foundation
1396:Deep Green Residence Hall
1389:Ledcor Group of Companies
553:
502:
442:
404:
390:
374:
324:All imperatives required
317:
312:
310:Landscape+Infrastructure
309:
306:
303:
300:
297:
95:Living Building Challenge
18:Living building challenge
2669:access.living-future.org
2596:access.living-future.org
2542:Healthy Building Network
2518:access.living-future.org
2464:LBC- 3.1 Petal Handbooks
2443:Trim Tab Online Magazine
2419:access.living-future.org
2227:Trim Tab Online Magazine
1069:Living Economy Sourcing
962:Action taken to achieve
568:Inspiration + Education
481:Living Economy Sourcing
2358:info.zehnderamerica.com
1794:; Biophilic Consultant-
1697:Virginia Beach, VA, USA
1661:certified: Energy Petal
1655:DeAs Z2 Design Facility
1641:Jasper, Alberta, Canada
1462:, landscape architect;
1380:Simon Fraser University
1326:Dennis and Christy Cuku
1309:Pringle Creek Community
1306:Certified: Energy Petal
405:Health & Happiness
2901:Building energy rating
1786:; Water & Ecology-
1766:; Structural Engineer-
1754:; MEP of Record-
1625:The Bullitt Foundation
1606:Royal Roads University
1357:San Francisco, CA, USA
1031:Biophilic Environment
1013:Civilized Environment
926:
918:
680:and Bob Berkebile, of
594:
432:Biophilic Environment
408:Civilized environment
262:Types of certification
139:
1851:LBC in building codes
1826:Wollongong, Australia
1750:; General Contractor-
1559:Penticton, BC, Canada
1450:Vancouver, BC, Canada
1275:Washington University
1204:Binghamton University
1181:Williamstown, MA, USA
1138:Project Team Members
1057:Responsible Industry
983:Human Powered Living
924:
916:
676:). It was created by
592:
530:Equitable Investment
470:Responsible Industry
362:Human-Powered Living
137:
63:neutral point of view
2926:Environmental design
2916:Building engineering
2891:Sustainable building
1805:Centerville, IN, USA
1758:; Collaborating MEP-
1600:Victoria, BC, Canada
1507:June Key Delta House
1470:energy consultants,
1466:Canada, architects;
1383:Space2Place Design,
1371:UniverCity Childcare
1320:Edmonton, AB, Canada
1286:Victoria, BC, Canada
1152:Architectural Nexus
1095:Beauty & Spirit
1006:passive solar design
1001:Net Positive Energy
934:The Old Oak Dojo in
652:Technical assistance
394:Net Positive Energy
284:green infrastructure
192:Health and happiness
99:sustainable building
97:is an international
2383:Architects' Journal
2173:Make Buildings Last
2148:www.hpbmagazine.org
1870:life cycle analysis
1501:Morrison Hershfield
1468:Morrison Hershfield
1460:Cornelia Oberlander
1433:Pittsburgh, PA, USA
1374:Burnaby, BC, Canada
1198:Binghamton, NY, USA
1078:Net Positive Waste
992:Net Positive Water
617:Certification steps
581:Petal Certification
543:JUST Organizations
492:Net Positive Waste
378:Net Positive Water
172:rainwater catchment
55:promotional content
2866:The 2030 Challenge
2352:DeTorres, Dustin.
2202:www.hourigan.group
2081:sustain.gatech.edu
2042:www.hourigan.group
1778:; Lighting Design-
1756:Newcomb & Boyd
1675:Ann Arbor, MI, USA
1664:Z2 Design Facility
1547:, GBD Architects,
1251:Rhinebeck, NY, USa
1221:Hampshire College
1218:certified: Living
1167:certified: Living
1149:certified: Living
967:Urban Agriculture
927:
919:
595:
335:Urban Agriculture
215:resource depletion
197:indoor air quality
140:
57:and inappropriate
2403:guidance and help
1921:Building magazine
1848:
1847:
1842:Certified: Living
1829:Certified: Living
1784:Lord Aeck Sargent
1774:; LBC Consultant-
1762:; Civil Engineer-
1744:Lord Aeck Sargent
1716:Atlanta, GA, USA
1658:San Jose, CA, USA
1622:certified: Living
1531:Portland, OR, USA
1518:Delta Sigma Theta
1510:Portland, OR, USA
1485:certified: Living
1436:certified: Living
1419:certified: Living
1416:Accokeek, MD, USA
1340:certified: Living
1317:The Mosaic Centre
1272:certified: Living
1254:certified: Living
1236:certified: Living
1215:Amherst, MA, USA
1212:R.W. Kern Center
1112:
1111:
975:Habitat Exchange
886:
885:
850:
849:
678:Jason F. McLennan
604:net zero building
578:
577:
349:Habitat Exchange
321:Limits to Growth
150:Performance areas
144:Jason F. McLennan
107:built environment
91:
90:
83:
16:(Redirected from
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2052:
2050:
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2044:. April 11, 2014
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1764:Long Engineering
1725:LEED Platinum v4
1619:Seattle, WA, USA
1584:Seattle, WA, USA
1574:PCL Construction
1565:Okanagan College
1534:pre-construction
1495:, GeoEngineers,
1491:KMD Architects,
1482:Seattle, WA, USA
1464:Perkins and Will
1337:Kamuela, HI, USA
1292:Ann + Gord Baird
1289:certified: Petal
1233:Amherst, MA, USA
1187:Williams College
1184:certified: Petal
1123:
1115:Notable projects
956:
903:The Natural Step
868:
867:
860:
692:
557:Beauty + Spirit
295:
201:biophilic design
187:renewable energy
86:
79:
75:
72:
66:
44:an advertisement
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34:
27:
21:
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2204:. April 1, 2014
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1682:Matthew Grocoff
1650:KMD Architects
1545:SERA Architects
1488:Bertschi School
1269:Eureka, MO, USA
1257:Omega Institute
1164:Pittsburgh, PA
1146:Sacramento, CA
1143:Arch Nexus SAC
1135:Owner/Developer
1117:
944:radiant heating
932:
911:
895:
882:
869:
865:
858:
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666:
654:
645:
643:Petal handbooks
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130:Flower metaphor
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1993:978-0997236811
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1941:Leedham, Amy.
1933:
1904:
1901:on 2015-09-23.
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2179:on 2019-03-29
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2150:. August 2017
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1727:; LEED Zero;
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223:deforestation
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71:December 2018
64:
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56:
52:
46:
45:
40:This article
38:
29:
28:
19:
2797:
2788:
2779:
2770:
2759:. Retrieved
2757:. 2016-10-19
2754:
2731:. Retrieved
2722:
2711:. Retrieved
2709:. 2016-11-08
2706:
2697:
2688:
2683:
2672:. Retrieved
2668:
2659:
2648:. Retrieved
2646:. 2017-05-31
2643:
2634:
2623:. Retrieved
2619:
2610:
2599:. Retrieved
2595:
2570:. Retrieved
2568:. 2016-11-08
2565:
2556:
2545:. Retrieved
2541:
2532:
2521:. Retrieved
2517:
2496:
2485:. Retrieved
2481:
2472:
2463:
2458:
2447:. Retrieved
2445:. 2016-06-08
2442:
2433:
2422:. Retrieved
2418:
2409:
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2386:. Retrieved
2382:
2372:
2361:. Retrieved
2357:
2347:
2336:. Retrieved
2334:. 2016-11-30
2331:
2322:
2311:. Retrieved
2307:
2298:
2289:
2284:
2273:. Retrieved
2271:. 2016-11-04
2268:
2247:
2242:
2231:. Retrieved
2229:. 2015-12-15
2226:
2217:
2206:. Retrieved
2201:
2192:
2181:. Retrieved
2177:the original
2172:
2163:
2152:. Retrieved
2147:
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2127:. Retrieved
2123:
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2101:
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2084:. Retrieved
2080:
2071:
2062:
2057:
2046:. Retrieved
2041:
2020:
1983:
1950:. Retrieved
1946:
1936:
1924:. Retrieved
1920:
1899:the original
1894:
1884:
1867:
1858:
1854:
1808:Construction
1770:; Landscape-
1752:Skanska, USA
1513:construction
1348:Buro Happold
1323:construction
1118:
952:
948:stack effect
933:
900:
896:
887:
851:
751:August 2009
667:
655:
646:
637:
634:The Dialogue
629:
620:
611:
608:
601:
584:
304:Communities
301:Imperatives
280:
276:
274:
270:
256:
219:habitat loss
153:
141:
124:
94:
92:
77:
68:
53:by removing
49:Please help
41:
2841:Energy Star
2620:www.bfi.org
2124:www.aia.org
1788:Biohabitats
1742:Architects-
1719:Certified:
1630:Miller Hull
959:Imperative
909:Application
875:Phabricator
775:April 2011
735:April 2007
313:Renovation
2875:Categories
2761:2018-12-10
2733:2018-12-10
2713:2018-12-09
2674:2018-12-09
2650:2018-12-09
2625:2018-12-09
2601:2018-12-08
2572:2018-12-08
2547:2018-12-08
2523:2018-12-08
2487:2018-12-09
2449:2018-12-09
2424:2018-12-09
2363:2018-12-09
2338:2018-12-09
2313:2018-12-10
2275:2018-12-09
2233:2018-12-08
2208:2018-12-09
2183:2018-12-08
2154:2018-12-09
2129:2018-12-08
2086:2018-12-09
2048:2018-12-08
1876:References
1864:Criticisms
1772:Andropogon
1576:Westcoast
1570:Fast + Epp
1472:Fast + Epp
1385:Fast + Epp
799:June 2012
767:Fall 2010
443:Materials
248:neighbors.
174:cisterns,
103:non-profit
51:improve it
2802:Projects.
2002:959276262
1768:Uzun+Case
1283:Eco-Sense
1040:Red List
827:May 2014
819:May 2014
791:May 2012
743:May 2009
719:May 2006
658:charrette
446:Red List
307:Building
211:pollution
206:Materials
176:greywater
121:Intention
2388:22 April
1952:22 April
1926:22 April
1684:/ THRIVE
1562:occupied
1520:sorority
1453:occupied
1402:occupied
1377:occupied
1360:occupied
1129:Location
232:Red List
1721:LBC 3.1
1549:Skanska
1493:Skanska
1126:Project
877:and on
664:History
554:Beauty
503:Equity
391:Energy
298:Petals
253:Process
2000:
1990:
1667:IDeAs
1644:design
1603:design
1587:design
1201:design
1132:Status
698:Event
695:Dates
375:Water
318:Place
244:Beauty
237:Equity
181:Energy
115:BREEAM
2106:(PDF)
843:2016
811:2013
711:2005
227:toxic
166:Water
159:Place
2390:2013
1998:OCLC
1988:ISBN
1954:2013
1928:2013
1746:and
1497:GGLO
1060:FSC
682:BNIM
672:and
606:as:
111:LEED
93:The
113:or
2877::
2753:.
2742:^
2705:.
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2029:^
2010:^
1996:.
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1962:^
1945:.
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1907:^
1893:.
1731:;
1723:;
1543:,
1391:)
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806:.
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117:.
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2004:.
1956:.
1930:.
881:.
189:.
84:)
78:(
73:)
69:(
65:.
47:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
