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bring it back to a viable state. In 1995 Prober and Thiele examined the effect of grazing, reserve size and tree clearing on the health of these
Western slopes Woodlands and found that larger areas supported a greater diversity of species, and thus, healthier communities, than smaller ones and that grazing heavily influenced the health of them. Most remaining areas of remnant Box gum Woodland vegetation were degraded by disturbances like clearing and introduced species and the fragmentation that has occurred by wholesale landscape changes to support farming, in such a rich agricultural area. Reserves, like Livingstone National Park, which have an intact tree layer and understorey or ground layer, with limited disturbance, are not very common. Furthermore, the size of Livingstone National Park and the diversity of vegetation types, and thus, the flora and fauna species its supports, makes this an important conservation reserve for the South West slopes.
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fluctuations, shows a repeat visitation pattern to nesting sites, or site fidelity. Even though it is tolerable of, and prefers the more scattered environment of the agricultural environment, the clearing of large hollow bearing trees, required for nesting has contributed to its decline. This preference for
Blakely's Red Gum maybe due to this trees tendency to produces more hollows than other trees. Livingstone National Park and State Conservation Area, with a long history of preservation, allows the long timeframe needed to form hollows and replace them, in this production landscape. It offers some respite from the cleaning up sentiment that often sees dead trees and other important habitat components removed.
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response to range movement over time. Livingstone
National Park, and other isolated pockets of vegetation in the South West Slopes, also form and important area of intermingling. There is distinct East, West and North South changes in vegetation as the different biogeographical regions of vegetation come together here. Such areas allow large scale natural processes to occur, relatively free from edge effects and substantial exotic species invasion. It is here that species can mix, adapt and evolve to meet this climate driven challenge, which will occur at a more rapid pace than in history.
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its suitability for agriculture. Benson estimated that since settlement 90% of White Box – Yellow Box- Blakely's Red Gum vegetation had been cleared and that which remained was being further degraded by grazing pressures. Benson points out that the
Forestry Act of 1916 did play a role in protecting forests, and we know from the history above, that Livingstone exists due to its reservation for forestry, when much of the landscape was being changed. At the time of writing he described the Western Slopes Box Woodlands as one of the most poorly conserved native vegetation types in the state.
373:(2004, 2006, and 2007) to show that the Superb Parrot is a species which presents some evidence of moving its range around in response to habitat change. The authors describe the South West slopes as an important habitat zone for this endemic species, and suggest this may be so due to degradation in other parts of its traditional breeding and foraging range. In this area (but not others), the Superb Parrot forages and nests in Box Gum Woodlands. The Superb Parrot is at home in the modified and cleared agricultural areas, due to its preference for scattered paddock trees.
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species; providing links for species to mix genetic material; reducing threatening processes, such as invasive and predatory species; and restoring landscape scale processes, such as ecological fire regimes, are all considered important steps to allow
Australian species the space they need to develop local adaptions to climate change. Some of these vulnerable species present in Livingstone, like the Superb Parrot, show they are susceptible to the effects of a changed climate as they have a noted response to resources available due to weather effects.
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increased weed invasion and edge effects, whereby predators and weather effects infiltrate the edges of reserves and degrade them. However being an island of habitat in the middle of an agricultural matrix does present its own set of problems, especially for small vulnerable populations and those isolated pockets of species which are dwindling dangerously low across the landscape. Barriers to movement can decrease breeding opportunities for these populations, leading to reduced gene pools and further declining numbers.
413:., highlight the importance of intact habitat, movement pathways and refuges for species, as our climate changes more rapidly than ever before, due to human impacts. They use several Australian examples of refugia, including refuge for fire sensitive species. The potential for Rocky outcrops to provide refugia for fire sensitive species is discussed by Michael and Lindenmayer in their South West study, which encompasses habitat similar to that described in Livingstone National Park.
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362:) is particularly important for the Swift Parrot and the fact that it has been selectively removed from the landscape in the South West Slopes, means that areas such as Livingstone National Park, which retain this vegetation type, are noted by Birdlife Australia for their habitat quality for this dwindling species. Birdlife Australia consider the South West Slopes an Important Bird Area, because of this overwintering habitat for the Swift Parrot.
218:, which are the only two colonies left within southern New South Wales, three types of orchids and over 100 species of native birds. In 1976, the Wagga Wildlife and Conservation Society requested that the state forest to be gazetted as a national park after it was under threat however the request was turned down. In January 2001 the state forest was gazetted as a national park with an area of 1,919 hectares.
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diversity. They describe a similar vegetation as
Livingstone National Park (White box-Yellow box-Blakely's Red gum), along with the tall shrubland found on most outcrops. Michael and Lindenmayer discuss similar management challenges, to those faced by Livingstone National Park and highlighted by Prober and Thiele, when considering the improvement of condition for vulnerable species.
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the South West Slopes Box gum
Woodlands, can greatly pressure some individual species. These species now exist very sporadically, in tenuous populations, scattered over a large region. Examples of species which have been recorded in Livingstone National Park that now exist in isolated and vulnerable pockets, are the Yass daisy (
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In the South West Slopes region large reserves like
Livingstone National Park sit like islands in the middle of an extensively cleared landscape. When Benson described the condition of natural vegetation in NSW in 1991 he included the Western slopes as one of the most 'markedly altered' areas, due to
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expect the range shifts for various
Australian species by mid-century to be in the vicinity of ten km. They highlight that some 45% of Australian vertebrates experience substantial reduction in some part of their natural range. Like other observations in the world the range of species is expected to
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Livingstone
National Park is a rare example of the landscape that existed in the South West Slopes area before agricultural development and it contains the only South West Slopes example of tall shrubland on a public reserve. Six separate types of vegetation are described in the Livingstone National
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Working with neighbours and other agencies who would like to extend these connections are important and could be reconsidered in the Management Plan, to ensure these threatened species have the available landscape needed to see through the challenge of climate change. Along with protecting existing
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Many authors, concerned with conservation, refer to Bensons work when they talk about the extent of the original clearing that has greatly pressured the viability of these Western slopes Box gum woodlands. These authors discuss how future management of this heavily cleared vegetation community can
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Livingstone National Park and State Conservation Area, with their somewhat accidental conservation history, are now important biodiversity refuge areas for the South West Slopes, as once widespread compositions of vegetation have been heavily cleared, to support what is now a vital food production
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program, which provides the resources to find the small number of birds over its widespread mainland habitat. This program can provide lessons for the conservation of wide-ranging migratory species such as the Swift parrot. It is conducted alongside the Regent Honeyeater National Recovery plan and
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The Swift parrot is classified as endangered in both NSW and at a national level (under Commonwealth Environment and Biodiversity Protection Act 1999 and the NSW Threatened species conservation Act 1995). Along with international recognition under the International Union for Conservation of Nature
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Michael and Lindenmayer (2012) look at the idea of islands of habitat rising out of a vast cleared landscape of the South West Slopes, as they consider Rocky outcrops in the region. The rapid elevation of Rocky outcrops, rising out of the plains, creates a wide variety of habitat niches for great
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Examples of some types of Box gum woodlands are all but gone, such as the rare 'little disturbed' remnants of Grassy White Box Woodland, which are mainly confined to rural cemeteries where grazing and other disturbances have been minimal. This near removal of entire ecological communities, such as
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The fact that Livingstone National Park is a large area in this cleared landscape means that natural processes can occur relatively unhampered and sanctuary is provided to threatened species. Livingstone's size means that it is less susceptible to problems experienced by smaller remnants, such as
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when they leave Tasmania each winter, for the mainland, in search of nectar and lerp insects. The small population (less than 2500 individuals) has a huge area (1 250 000 km) and shows potential for site fidelity, or repeat visitation, meaning sites like Livingstone National Park, are vital
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We see in the history above, that it was recognised early on that Livingstone was unique, it was described as only one of the remaining examples of this forest type left. The importance and potential for conservation offered by this reserve for declining woodland plants and animals, is even more
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Vegetation corridor linkages and 'stepping stones' overcome problems with reduced genetic material, which can derail small populations. This occurs as species dwindle and even large areas, like Livingstone National Park, become isolated by cleared land, which flora and fauna are unable to move
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and this cleaning up tendency. It relies on litter and debri for camouflage at the vulnerable fledging stage and is highly susceptible to fox predation. Its presence in Livingstone National Park is also likely due to the retention of these features when they were being removed from much of the
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Livingstone National Park has great potential as an area to harbour species as the climate progressively warms. It lies in the landscape between the Riverina Plains and the South West Slopes, an area which allows species to move along the west to east climate gradient and rise in elevation in
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Climate change will inevitably bring new challenges to already pressured ecosystems, like Box gum Woodlands, and for Australia's vulnerable endemic species, such as regular visitors to Livingstone National Park, the Superb Parrot and the Swift Parrot. These species are already overwhelmed by
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that are dead, older and larger. Again the preservation of these preferred trees in Livingstone National Park and particularly the retention of dead trees due to its reserve status is important to this species in the landscape. The Superb Parrot, while able to potentially move in response to
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Identifying the habitat of, and monitoring its condition, is an important conservation action in the National recovery plan for the Swift Parrot. The protection status of Livingstone National Park means management is consistent with and intends to deliver the actions in recovery plans for
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landscape. Whilst current management supports the management of the reserve for threatened species and to protect natural values within the reserve, linkages to the outside may become the essential element for long-term survival of many species as climate change pressures them.
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fragmentation and changes to their habitat and Livingstone National Park provides a rare respite from these pressures, in such a heavily modified landscape which unfortunately does not provide the continuity of habitat needed for these species to flourish.
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Park and State Conservation Area Plan of Management, all of which are types of open forest and woodlands, with the exception of this tall shrubland community on the plateau tops. Livingstone provides a sanctuary for the vulnerable Yass Daisy
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was located next to the state forest to carry timber but was later dismantled. A report by the New South Wales Forestry Commission found that the forest was only one of its type left, with further studies on the forest found a colony of
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conserving the Swift Parrots overwintering ground, when it leaves breeding grounds in Tasmania and disperses widely over the mainland, from Victoria to Queensland. Birdlife Australia coordinate a long running and successful
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Manning, A.D., Lindenmayer, D.B., Barry, S.C. (2004). "The conservation implications of bird reproduction in the agricultural "matrix": a case study of the vulnerable superb parrot of south-eastern Australia".
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across. Neighbouring corridor linkages are lower on the priority scale for current management, even though this is recognised as a positive action in the Livingstone National Park Plan of Management.
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monitoring program, as both species occupy a similar niche. The Regent Honeyeater is also an endangered species which uses the Livingstone National Park for part of its seasonal requirements.
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Prober, S.M. & Thiele, K.R (1995). "Conservation of the Grassy White Box Woodlands: Relative Contributions of Size and Disturbance to Floristic Composition and Diversity of Remnants".
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Saunders, D., Brereton, R., Tzaros, C., Holdsworth, M., Price, R. (2007). "Conservation of the Swift Parrot Lathamus discolor - management lessons for a threatened migratory species".
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obvious 100 years later. Even so, Livingstone National Park and State Conservation Area was not protected with National Park status until 2001, despite these requests in the 1970s.
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contract with climate change predictions, follow movement patterns along latitudinal shifts, or follow pathways to higher elevations, in response to new temperature gradients.
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Brereton, R, Bennett, S, Mansergh,I. (1995). "Enhanced greenhouse climate change and its potential effect on selected fauna of south-eastern Australia: a trend analysis".
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Mackey, B.G., Watson, J.E.M., Hope, G., Gilmore, S. (2008). "Climate change, biodiversity conservation, and the role of protected areas: An Australian perspective".
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Cole, I. 2013. Controlling exotic annuals in degraded Box Gum woodland understoreys in south-east Australia. Thesis presented to Charles Sturt University.
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A variety of recreational activities are on offer in Livingstone National Park, including a multi-use track for walking, bike riding or horse riding.
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at the South western extent of its range. It also contains entire ecological communities which are considered endangered. The White box, Red box and
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Livingstone National Park is also recognised within the South West Slopes Important Bird Area as breeding habitat for the Superb Parrot (
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When considering the role of Australia's protected reserve system on biodiversity conservation as climate change eventuates, Mackey,
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associations in the park are part of the Endangered Ecological Community known as White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely's Red Gum Woodland.
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This large remnant of native vegetation, amongst productive farmland, forms part of the important feeding area for Swift parrots (
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Saunders, D.L. and Tzaros, C.L. 2011. National Recovery Plan for the Swift Parrot Lathamus discolor, Birds Australia, Melbourne.
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Benson, J (1991). "The effect of 200 years of European settlement on the vegetation and flora of New South Wales".
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BirdLife International. (2011). Important Bird Areas factsheet: South-west Slopes of NSW. Downloaded from
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736:"Vegetation structure and floristics of granite landforms in the South-west Slopes of New South Wales"
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Murray Catchment Management Committee and Department of Land and Water Conservation. (1998).
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is a national park and state conservation area located 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of
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769:"Australian Government Department of Environment Yass daisy threatened species profile"
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in 1915 for timber located within the forest which was to be preserved for the town of
631:"National Parks and Wildlife Service - Livingstone National Park, Visitor information"
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In the South West Slopes, the Superb Parrots favours Blakely's red gum trees (
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464:"Livingstone National Park and State Conservation Area Plan of Management"
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South West Slopes revegetation guide (South of the Murrumbidgee River)
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578:. Parliament of New South Wales. 24 October 2001. Archived from
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522:. Parliament of New South Wales. 21 June 2005. Archived from
473:. Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water. 2008.
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The Bush Stone Curlew is another species left vulnerable by
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793:"Office of Environment and Heritage Bush stone –curlew"
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http://www.erinearth.org.au/livingstone-national-park/
552:. Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water
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346:(IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN 2004).
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New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service
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815:Essentials of Conservation Biology (Sixth Edition)
253:because of its importance for the conservation of
409:In their Australian reserve system review Mackey
226:The park has four types of vegetation, including
197:The national park originally was proclaimed as a
63:
894:"Birdlife Australia fact sheet - Superb Parrot"
734:Michael, D.R. & Lindenmayer, D.B. (2012).
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1045:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1004:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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871:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
18:Protected area in New South Wales, Australia
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516:"National Park Estate (Reservations) Bill"
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1064:. Murray Catchment Management Committee.
189:region of south western New South Wales.
181:and 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) east of
4451:Important Bird Areas of New South Wales
817:. Sinauer Associates, Inc., Publishers.
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616:Erin Earth, Livingstone National Park
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317:and the endangered Bush stone-curlew (
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4441:Protected areas established in 2001
652:"National park website Livingstone"
342:areas for conserving this species.
144:19.19 km (7.4 sq mi)
2461:Protected areas of New South Wales
1089:Protected areas of New South Wales
14:
4436:National parks of New South Wales
284:orchid, Livingstone National Park
4446:2001 establishments in Australia
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755:10.7751/cunninghamia.2012.12.022
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55:
1:
4071:Riverina Water County Council
3972:Water and irrigation entities
984:10.1080/14888386.2008.9712902
249:(IBA), identified as such by
4405:Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area
4061:Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area
1033:10.1016/0006-3207(94)00016-j
934:10.1016/j.biocon.2004.03.008
847:Pacific Conservation Biology
813:Primack, Richard B. (2010).
695:Australian Journal of Botany
1303:Narriearra Caryapundy Swamp
572:"Livingstone National Park"
495:"Livingstone National Park"
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2187:Southeast & Tablelands
1332:Hunter & Central Coast
576:New South Wales Government
550:New South Wales Government
520:New South Wales Government
471:New South Wales Government
117:35.3689306°S 147.3599194°E
2458:
70:Livingstone National Park
50:
36:
25:Livingstone National Park
4380:Charles Sturt University
1140:Central West & Orana
244:South-west Slopes of NSW
122:-35.3689306; 147.3599194
4066:Murrumbidgee Irrigation
1021:Biological Conservation
922:Biological Conservation
605:http://www.birdlife.org
315:Ammobium craspedioides)
291:Ammobium craspedioides,
4056:Murray Irrigation Area
2545:Local government areas
2343:Sydney & Surrounds
1604:New England-North West
360:Eucalyptus sideroxylon
285:
251:BirdLife International
4400:Hume and Hovell Track
2077:Yarrahapinni Wetlands
367:Polytelis swainsonii)
280:
242:. It is part of the
205:. A branch line from
2597:Cootamundra–Gundagai
1518:Illawarra-Shoalhaven
378:Eucalyptus blakelyi)
352:volunteer monitoring
150:Managing authorities
83:Nearest town or city
3946:Murrumbidgee Valley
2158:Murrumbidgee Valley
386:habitat destruction
339:Lathamus discolour)
319:Burhinus grallarius
247:Important Bird Area
113: /
4395:Hume Power Station
3976:Other watercourses
2314:South East Forests
286:
165:Protected areas of
4418:
4417:
4365:
4358:
4349:
4342:
4333:
4326:
4317:
4310:
4303:
4294:
4287:
4278:
4269:
4262:
4255:
4246:
4237:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4186:
4179:
4172:
4165:
4158:
4149:
4140:
4133:
4124:
4115:
4108:
4099:
4092:
4083:
3977:
2467:
2466:
2400:Ku-ring-gai Chase
1962:Limeburners Creek
1776:Oxley Wild Rivers
707:10.1071/bt9950349
620:(visited 21.5.16)
546:"Park management"
480:978-1-74232-051-9
295:Blakely's Red gum
282:Nodding greenhood
187:South West Slopes
172:
171:
4458:
4431:IUCN Category II
4361:
4352:
4345:
4336:
4329:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4297:
4290:
4281:
4272:
4265:
4258:
4249:
4240:
4233:
4226:
4219:
4212:
4205:
4198:
4189:
4182:
4175:
4168:
4161:
4152:
4143:
4136:
4127:
4118:
4111:
4102:
4095:
4086:
4077:
3975:
3305:Little Billabong
3020:Darlington Point
2506:
2505:
2494:
2487:
2480:
2471:
2410:Malabar Headland
2390:Kamay Botany Bay
1997:Mount Nothofagus
1942:Guy Fawkes River
1746:Mount Nothofagus
1706:Guy Fawkes River
1595:Seven Mile Beach
1232:Weddin Mountains
1177:Gardens of Stone
1118:
1111:
1104:
1095:
1076:
1075:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1044:
1036:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1003:
995:
967:
952:
951:
945:
937:
916:
905:
904:
902:
900:
890:
877:
876:
870:
862:
859:10.1071/pc070111
842:
831:
828:
819:
818:
810:
804:
803:
801:
799:
789:
780:
779:
777:
775:
765:
759:
758:
740:
731:
720:
717:
711:
710:
690:
675:
674:
662:
656:
655:
648:
642:
641:
639:
637:
627:
621:
614:
608:
601:
592:
591:
589:
587:
568:
562:
561:
559:
557:
542:
536:
535:
533:
531:
512:
506:
505:
503:
501:
491:
485:
484:
468:
460:
216:squirrel gliders
151:
128:
127:
125:
124:
123:
118:
114:
111:
110:
109:
106:
84:
66:
65:
59:
32:
26:
21:
4466:
4465:
4461:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4455:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4414:
4368:
4323:Sandy (Mirrool)
3974:
3973:
3971:
3965:
3914:
3880:Yalgogrin South
3750:Urangeline East
3575:Rankins Springs
2662:
2656:
2540:
2514:
2512:New South Wales
2500:
2498:
2468:
2463:
2454:
2440:Thirlmere Lakes
2338:
2182:
2096:Riverina-Murray
2091:
2017:Nymboi-Binderay
1992:Mount Jerusalem
1932:Gibraltar Range
1852:Bellinger River
1830:
1701:Gibraltar Range
1599:
1513:
1419:Hunter Wetlands
1344:Barrington Tops
1327:
1241:
1135:
1129:New South Wales
1122:
1085:
1080:
1079:
1072:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1037:
1018:
1017:
1013:
996:
969:
968:
955:
938:
918:
917:
908:
898:
896:
892:
891:
880:
863:
844:
843:
834:
829:
822:
812:
811:
807:
797:
795:
791:
790:
783:
773:
771:
767:
766:
762:
738:
733:
732:
723:
718:
714:
692:
691:
678:
664:
663:
659:
650:
649:
645:
635:
633:
629:
628:
624:
615:
611:
602:
595:
585:
583:
570:
569:
565:
555:
553:
544:
543:
539:
529:
527:
526:on 2 April 2011
514:
513:
509:
499:
497:
493:
492:
488:
481:
466:
462:
461:
440:
435:
395:
335:
275:
270:
224:
195:
167:New South Wales
166:
149:
121:
119:
115:
112:
107:
104:
102:
100:
99:
82:
77:
76:
75:
74:
73:
72:
71:
67:
46:
30:New South Wales
28:
27:
24:
19:
12:
11:
5:
4464:
4462:
4454:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4423:
4422:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4382:
4376:
4374:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4366:
4359:
4350:
4343:
4334:
4327:
4318:
4311:
4304:
4295:
4288:
4279:
4270:
4263:
4256:
4247:
4238:
4231:
4224:
4217:
4210:
4203:
4196:
4187:
4180:
4173:
4166:
4159:
4150:
4141:
4134:
4125:
4116:
4109:
4100:
4093:
4084:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4052:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3980:
3978:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3931:Lachlan Valley
3928:
3922:
3920:
3919:National parks
3916:
3915:
3913:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3640:Stony Crossing
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3555:Pleasant Hills
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2666:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2522:
2520:
2516:
2515:
2499:
2497:
2496:
2489:
2482:
2474:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2435:Sydney Harbour
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2355:Blue Mountains
2352:
2350:Berowra Valley
2346:
2344:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2279:Macquarie Pass
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2214:Blue Mountains
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2138:Lachlan Valley
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2032:Richmond Range
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
2002:Mount Pikapene
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1982:Middle Brother
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1902:Cottan-Bimbang
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1838:
1836:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1676:Cottan-Bimbang
1673:
1668:
1666:Cathedral Rock
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1570:Macquarie Pass
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1514:
1512:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1449:Scone Mountain
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1429:Middle Brother
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1409:Goulburn River
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1374:Brisbane Water
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1202:Lachlan Valley
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1125:National parks
1123:
1121:
1120:
1113:
1106:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1070:
1052:
1027:(3): 339–354.
1011:
978:(3–4): 10–18.
953:
928:(3): 363–374.
906:
878:
853:(2): 111–119.
832:
820:
805:
781:
760:
749:(4): 309–323.
721:
712:
701:(4): 349–366.
676:
657:
643:
622:
609:
607:on 2011-10-19.
593:
582:on 5 June 2011
563:
537:
507:
486:
479:
437:
436:
434:
431:
394:
391:
334:
331:
274:
271:
269:
266:
259:superb parrots
236:kangaroo grass
223:
220:
194:
191:
170:
169:
162:
158:
157:
152:
146:
145:
142:
138:
137:
134:
130:
129:
108:147°21′35.71″E
97:
91:
90:
85:
79:
78:
69:
68:
61:
60:
54:
53:
52:
51:
48:
47:
37:
34:
33:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4463:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4385:Ettamogah Pub
4383:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4375:
4371:
4364:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4351:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4340:
4335:
4332:
4328:
4325:
4324:
4319:
4316:
4312:
4309:
4305:
4302:
4301:
4296:
4293:
4292:Murrumbateman
4289:
4286:
4285:
4284:Mulwala Canal
4280:
4277:
4276:
4271:
4268:
4264:
4261:
4257:
4254:
4253:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4239:
4236:
4232:
4229:
4225:
4222:
4218:
4215:
4211:
4208:
4204:
4201:
4197:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4185:
4181:
4178:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4142:
4139:
4135:
4132:
4131:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4117:
4114:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4098:
4094:
4091:
4090:
4085:
4082:
4081:
4076:
4075:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4004:Little Murray
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3968:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3941:Murray Valley
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3917:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3635:Stockinbingal
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3380:Merungle Hill
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3290:Lankeys Creek
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2900:Burrumbuttock
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2755:Beggan Beggan
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2659:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2642:Snowy Valleys
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2504:
2495:
2490:
2488:
2483:
2481:
2476:
2475:
2472:
2462:
2457:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2395:Kanangra-Boyd
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2380:Georges River
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2153:Murray Valley
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1872:Border Ranges
1870:
1868:
1867:Bongil Bongil
1865:
1863:
1862:Biriwal Bulga
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1821:Watsons Creek
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1774:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1741:Mount Kaputar
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1636:Burral Yurrul
1634:
1632:
1631:Ben Halls Gap
1629:
1627:
1626:Boonoo Boonoo
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1359:Biriwal Bulga
1357:
1355:
1354:Ben Halls Gap
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1308:Paroo-Darling
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1288:Mallee Cliffs
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1244:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1197:Kanangra-Boyd
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1119:
1114:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1073:
1071:0-9585195-1-X
1067:
1063:
1056:
1053:
1048:
1042:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1001:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
966:
964:
962:
960:
958:
954:
949:
943:
935:
931:
927:
923:
915:
913:
911:
907:
895:
889:
887:
885:
883:
879:
874:
868:
860:
856:
852:
848:
841:
839:
837:
833:
827:
825:
821:
816:
809:
806:
794:
788:
786:
782:
770:
764:
761:
756:
752:
748:
744:
737:
730:
728:
726:
722:
716:
713:
708:
704:
700:
696:
689:
687:
685:
683:
681:
677:
673:(3): 343–370.
672:
668:
661:
658:
653:
647:
644:
632:
626:
623:
619:
613:
610:
606:
600:
598:
594:
581:
577:
573:
567:
564:
551:
547:
541:
538:
525:
521:
517:
511:
508:
496:
490:
487:
482:
476:
472:
465:
459:
457:
455:
453:
451:
449:
447:
445:
443:
439:
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
412:
407:
404:
399:
392:
390:
387:
382:
379:
374:
372:
368:
363:
361:
356:
353:
347:
343:
340:
332:
330:
326:
322:
320:
316:
310:
306:
302:
298:
296:
292:
283:
279:
272:
267:
265:
262:
260:
256:
255:swift parrots
252:
248:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
221:
219:
217:
212:
208:
204:
200:
192:
190:
188:
184:
180:
176:
168:
163:
159:
156:
153:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
126:
98:
96:
92:
89:
86:
80:
58:
49:
44:
43:national park
40:
39:IUCN category
35:
31:
22:
16:
4410:Wyangala Dam
4362:
4353:
4346:
4337:
4330:
4321:
4314:
4307:
4298:
4291:
4282:
4273:
4266:
4259:
4250:
4241:
4234:
4227:
4220:
4214:Derringullen
4213:
4206:
4199:
4190:
4183:
4176:
4169:
4162:
4153:
4144:
4137:
4128:
4119:
4112:
4103:
4096:
4087:
4078:
4014:Murrumbidgee
3994:Goodradigbee
3935:
3900:Yerong Creek
3800:Wantabadgery
3450:Mullengandra
3425:Moombooldool
2930:Collingullie
2632:Murrumbidgee
2627:Murray River
2592:Greater Hume
2577:Edward River
2334:Yanununbeyan
2284:Mimosa Rocks
2274:Mares Forest
2142:
1952:Junuy Juluum
1927:Fortis Creek
1736:Mount Clunie
1686:Crawney Pass
1621:Basket Swamp
1560:Jerrawangala
1389:Crawney Pass
1253:Brindingabba
1227:Warrumbungle
1172:Drillwarrina
1061:
1055:
1041:cite journal
1024:
1020:
1014:
1000:cite journal
975:
972:Biodiversity
971:
942:cite journal
925:
921:
897:. Retrieved
867:cite journal
850:
846:
814:
808:
796:. Retrieved
772:. Retrieved
763:
746:
743:Cunninghamia
742:
715:
698:
694:
670:
667:Cunninghamia
666:
660:
646:
634:. Retrieved
625:
612:
586:27 September
584:. Retrieved
580:the original
575:
566:
556:27 September
554:. Retrieved
549:
540:
530:27 September
528:. Retrieved
524:the original
519:
510:
500:27 September
498:. Retrieved
489:
470:
427:
423:
419:
415:
410:
408:
402:
400:
396:
383:
377:
375:
370:
366:
364:
359:
357:
348:
344:
338:
336:
327:
323:
318:
314:
311:
307:
303:
299:
290:
287:
263:
225:
199:State Forest
196:
174:
173:
136:January 2001
105:35°22′8.15″S
15:
4243:Jerra Jerra
4089:Adjungbilly
3936:Livingstone
3845:Willbriggie
3785:Walleroobie
3780:Wallendbeen
3775:Walla Walla
3645:Stony Point
3560:Pretty Pine
3405:Mitta Mitta
3295:Laurel Hill
3240:Junee Reefs
3140:Grong Grong
3130:Grahamstown
3105:Gobarralong
3080:French Park
2985:Corobimilla
2970:Cootamundra
2955:Cookardinia
2935:Colinroobie
2925:Coleambally
2870:Bungowannah
2820:Boree Creek
2750:Beelbangera
2675:Adjungbilly
2663:Communities
2652:Wagga Wagga
2536:Wagga Wagga
2324:Tarlo River
2304:Murramarang
2299:Mount Imlay
2249:Eurobodalla
2239:Clyde River
2224:Brindabella
2194:Abercrombie
2143:Livingstone
2108:Brindabella
2062:Willi Willi
2007:New England
1967:Mallanganee
1937:Goonengerry
1887:Bungawalbin
1835:North Coast
1756:New England
1751:Mummel Gulf
1716:Kings Plain
1671:Coolah Tops
1585:Murramarang
1525:Bimberamala
1504:Wyrrabalong
1439:Myall Lakes
1434:Mount Royal
1379:Coolah Tops
1364:Booti Booti
1207:Marrangaroo
1167:Coolah Tops
1147:Abercrombie
389:landscape.
228:grass trees
222:Environment
179:Wagga Wagga
175:Livingstone
133:Established
120: /
95:Coordinates
4425:Categories
4363:Yellow Bog
4355:Tumbarumba
4308:Pugilistic
4184:Bungendore
4177:Bulls Head
4138:Black Joes
3956:Woomargama
3951:Oolambeyan
3870:Woomargama
3820:Welaregang
3815:Wee Jasper
3795:Wanganella
3770:Walbundrie
3755:Uranquinty
3745:Urangeline
3720:Tumbarumba
3630:Stanbridge
3625:Springdale
3615:Sebastopol
3550:Perekerten
3490:Narrandera
3485:Narraburra
3390:Milbrulong
3375:Merriwagga
3315:Logie Brae
3215:Jerilderie
3095:Gidginbung
3055:Eurongilly
3030:Deniliquin
3010:Currawarna
3005:Cunninyeuk
2915:Carrathool
2895:Burrinjuck
2890:Burrandana
2860:Bullenbung
2835:Brocklesby
2810:Booroorban
2695:Ariah Park
2680:Alfredtown
2637:Narrandera
2607:Jerilderie
2582:Federation
2567:Carrathool
2430:Scheyville
2415:Marramarra
2329:Wadbilliga
2319:Tallaganda
2269:Kosciuszko
2199:Bangadilly
2173:Woomargama
2163:Oolambeyan
2133:Kosciuszko
2082:Yarriabini
2057:Werrikimbe
1907:Crowdy Bay
1882:Bundjalung
1877:Broadwater
1847:Bago Bluff
1826:Werrikimbe
1806:Wallabadah
1766:Nullamanna
1691:Cunnawarra
1646:Capoompeta
1641:Butterleaf
1565:Jervis Bay
1459:Tilligerry
1454:Tapin Tops
1414:Gin-Doo-Ee
1404:Gir-um-bit
1394:Crowdy Bay
1298:Mutawintji
1283:Koonaburra
1263:Gundabooka
1182:Garrawilla
433:References
393:Management
358:Ironbark (
4373:Landmarks
4228:Hell Hole
4130:Billabong
4105:Barmedman
3926:Cocoparra
3885:Yallakool
3865:Woolgarlo
3810:Warragoon
3715:Tullakool
3700:Tooleybuc
3655:Table Top
3610:Savernake
3515:Old Junee
3445:Moulamein
3335:Mangoplah
3325:Mairjimmy
3320:Lowesdale
3280:Ladysmith
3255:Koraleigh
3250:Khancoban
3225:Jingellic
3190:Hopefield
3165:Harefield
3135:Greenvale
3115:Gogeldrie
3040:Dirnaseer
3015:Darbalara
2950:Condoulpe
2940:Combaning
2855:Bulgandry
2850:Brushwood
2840:Brookdale
2815:Borambola
2795:Book Book
2770:Bidgeemia
2765:Bethungra
2710:Balranald
2690:Ardlethan
2685:Alma Park
2557:Balranald
2405:Lane Cove
2385:Heathcote
2168:Willandra
2113:Cocoparra
2067:Wollumbin
2042:Toonumber
2037:Sea Acres
1957:Kumbatine
1897:Chaelundi
1611:Bald Rock
1555:Heathcote
1479:Wallingat
1444:Saltwater
1384:Coorabakh
1133:Australia
238:and open
207:Mangoplah
185:, in the
183:Mangoplah
88:Mangoplah
4390:Hume Dam
4339:Tarcutta
4300:Peelwood
4221:Gum Flat
4163:Broadway
4121:Berthong
3855:Wondalga
3850:Womboota
3840:Widgiewa
3835:Widgelli
3725:Tumblong
3695:Tocumwal
3690:The Rock
3680:Tarcutta
3675:Tantonan
3665:Talmalmo
3660:Talbingo
3590:Rosewood
3565:Pulletop
3520:One Tree
3505:Oaklands
3465:Munderoo
3460:Mundarlo
3435:Morundah
3395:Millwood
3355:Mathoura
3310:Lockhart
3285:Langtree
3275:Lacmalac
3210:Illilawa
3185:Holbrook
3180:Hillston
3155:Gundagai
3125:Goorawin
3120:Goolgowi
3100:Gerogery
3075:Frampton
3065:Ferndale
3045:Downside
3035:Dilpurra
3025:Daysdale
3000:Culcairn
2995:Cowabbie
2965:Coolamon
2910:Carabost
2905:Caldwell
2885:Burraboi
2875:Bunnaloo
2805:Booligal
2760:Berrigan
2715:Barellan
2705:Balldale
2700:Ballbank
2622:Lockhart
2587:Griffith
2572:Coolamon
2562:Berrigan
2531:Griffith
2510:–
2508:Riverina
2365:Dharawal
2264:Kooraban
2234:Budderoo
2229:Budawang
2209:Biamanga
2123:Jindalee
2118:Jimberoo
2103:Benambra
2087:Yuraygir
2052:Washpool
2047:Ulidarra
2027:Ramornie
2022:Nymboida
2012:Nightcap
1947:Hat Head
1912:Dooragan
1857:Bindarri
1816:Washpool
1811:Warrabah
1786:Timbarra
1771:Nymboida
1761:Nowendoc
1731:Maryland
1726:Kwiambal
1721:Koreelah
1711:Indwarra
1681:Couradda
1661:Cataract
1550:Dharawal
1535:Budderoo
1530:Budawang
1489:Werakata
1484:Watagans
1474:Wallarah
1278:Kinchega
1273:Kemendok
1246:Far West
1192:Goulburn
1162:Conimbla
1157:Capertee
1152:Breelong
1083:See also
992:41947851
161:See also
4347:Taylors
4275:Mirrool
4267:Maragle
4155:Bowning
4080:Adelong
3999:Lachlan
3984:Darling
3970:Rivers,
3905:Yoogali
3860:Woodend
3830:Whitton
3805:Warburn
3710:Tootool
3650:Tabbita
3600:Sandigo
3580:Rannock
3545:Penarie
3525:Osborne
3475:Muttama
3470:Murrami
3455:Mulwala
3400:Mirrool
3370:Mayrung
3345:Marinna
3265:Kyeamba
3260:Kyalite
3245:Kamarah
3230:Jugiong
3220:Jindera
3195:Howlong
3160:Hanwood
3090:Ganmain
3050:Euberta
2945:Conargo
2865:Bundure
2845:Brungle
2830:Brawlin
2800:Bookham
2790:Blighty
2785:Birrego
2745:Bectric
2730:Barooga
2670:Adelong
2661:Towns /
2445:Wollemi
2375:Garigal
2254:Gourock
2219:Bournda
2148:Minjary
2128:Kalyarr
1987:Mooball
1922:Dunggir
1917:Dorrigo
1842:Arakwal
1796:Towarri
1791:Tooloom
1656:Cascade
1545:Conjola
1499:Wollemi
1469:Tomaree
1464:Towarri
1349:Belford
1339:Barakee
1318:Toorale
1268:Kalyarr
1237:Wollemi
1187:Goobang
403:et al.,
371:et al.,
268:Ecology
193:History
4331:Spring
4260:Mannus
4252:Kindra
4235:Little
4192:Burkes
4170:Brooks
4044:Wakool
4024:Paddys
4019:Niemur
4009:Murray
3989:Edward
3910:Yuluma
3825:Westby
3790:Wamoon
3765:Wakool
3735:Tuppal
3685:Temora
3620:Speewa
3605:Sangar
3585:Rennie
3535:Ournie
3510:Oberne
3495:Niemur
3480:Nangus
3440:Morven
3430:Morago
3420:Moolpa
3385:Methul
3360:Matong
3350:Marrar
3340:Mannus
3330:Malebo
3300:Leeton
3270:Kywong
3205:Illabo
3200:Humula
3150:Gunbar
3085:Galore
3070:Finley
3060:Euston
2990:Corowa
2980:Coreen
2960:Coolac
2880:Buraja
2775:Bilbul
2740:Beckom
2735:Batlow
2725:Barnes
2720:Barham
2647:Temora
2617:Leeton
2552:Albury
2526:Albury
2519:Cities
2420:Nattai
2370:Dharug
2360:Cattai
2309:Nattai
2294:Morton
2259:Gulaga
2072:Yabbra
1977:Mebbin
1892:Carrai
1781:Single
1651:Carrai
1616:Barool
1580:Morton
1540:Bugong
1424:Karuah
1399:Dharug
1369:Bouddi
1258:Culgoa
1217:Popran
1212:Nangar
1068:
990:
899:17 May
798:17 May
774:15 May
636:15 May
477:
411:et al.
240:forest
232:mallee
211:Westby
4315:Reedy
4207:Dairy
4200:Cohen
4146:Bland
4113:Bendy
4039:Tumut
4034:Tooma
4029:Rufus
3961:Yanga
3895:Yenda
3890:Yanco
3875:Wymah
3760:Waddi
3740:Urana
3730:Tumut
3705:Tooma
3670:Talmo
3540:Oxley
3500:Nyora
3415:Moira
3410:Moama
3365:Maude
3235:Junee
3175:Henty
3145:Gulpa
3110:Gocup
2975:Coree
2920:Cavan
2825:Bowna
2780:Binya
2612:Junee
2450:Yengo
2425:Royal
2289:Monga
2204:Beowa
2178:Yanga
1972:Maria
1801:Warra
1590:Royal
1575:Meroo
1509:Yengo
1323:Yanga
1313:Sturt
1293:Mungo
1222:Turon
988:S2CID
739:(PDF)
467:(PDF)
333:Fauna
273:Flora
203:Junee
4097:Back
4049:Yass
3595:Ryan
3570:Rand
3530:Oura
2244:Deua
1696:Dowe
1494:Woko
1066:ISBN
1047:link
1006:link
948:link
901:2016
873:link
800:2016
776:2016
638:2016
588:2009
558:2009
532:2009
502:2009
475:ISBN
257:and
141:Area
41:II (
3170:Hay
2602:Hay
1127:of
1029:doi
980:doi
930:doi
926:120
855:doi
751:doi
703:doi
321:).
209:to
4427::
1131:,
1043:}}
1039:{{
1025:72
1023:.
1002:}}
998:{{
986:.
974:.
956:^
944:}}
940:{{
924:.
909:^
881:^
869:}}
865:{{
851:13
849:.
835:^
823:^
784:^
747:12
745:.
741:.
724:^
699:43
697:.
679:^
669:.
596:^
574:.
548:.
518:.
469:.
441:^
261:.
234:,
230:,
45:)
2493:e
2486:t
2479:v
1117:e
1110:t
1103:v
1074:.
1049:)
1035:.
1031::
1008:)
994:.
982::
976:9
950:)
936:.
932::
903:.
875:)
861:.
857::
802:.
778:.
757:.
753::
709:.
705::
671:2
654:.
640:.
590:.
560:.
534:.
504:.
483:.
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