461:, and an inventory at that time indicates that, as well as the church, vestry, accommodation and refectory buildings, a substantial agricultural holding was in place. It lists a brew-house with a furnace and brewing vat, a yard with carts, a cheese store, kitchen, hall with table and trestles and a store house, agricultural produce, grain, cattle and sheep. The buildings were gradually demolished from 1539 onwards, to provide building material in Beaumaris. The precinct boundary wall was still visible to John Speed in 1610, and the Friary church remained until the mid-nineteenth century, in use as a barn. There are few surviving traces, other than a few medieval floor tiles. Some of these have images of oak leaves and acorns; it has been suggested that this relates to the name "Llanfaes", derived from "mes", a Welsh word for acorns. The friary's lands were initially acquired by the Bulkeley family. They then passed to the Wynne (Welsh for "White") family and, in 1623, Rowland Whyte built a house there.
258:. The Friary survived the depopulation of the town, but was dissolved in 1538 and most of the buildings dismantled soon afterwards. The land became an estate on which, in 1623, Rowland Whyte built a house which he called Friars. It became one of the many properties of the Bulkeley family, and was substantially rebuilt in 1866. By the 20th century the house and grounds were owned by James Hartley Burton. In 1939 they were requisitioned for wartime use, adapting and repairing flying boats, by Saunders-Roe, who continued after the war with a wide variety of light engineering activities. The industrial uses finally came to an end in the late 1990s. An archaeological dig on the site in 1991 identified substantial buried remains of the friary church and other monastic buildings. The site is a
497:
Beaumaris Castle. The name
Henllys means the 'old llys', acknowledging its former status as a royal court, and is first recorded in 1584. The Hamptons became the principle family of the locality and the family retained Henllys, expanding their land holdings such that by 1630 they held most of the former township of Llanfaes, and continued to do so until the mid-20th century. Henllys was rebuilt and expanded over the centuries, most recently in the 1850s. At the outbreak of the second world war it was requisitioned for wartime use to house engineering workers at the Fryars site. After the war Henllys was owned by a Franciscan order during the 1950s, before becoming a hotel and in 2003 became a part of the Holiday Property Bond.
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468:, has long been considered to be that of Joan. The panel above the coffin is inscribed: "This plain sarcophagus, (once dignified as having contained the remains of Joan, daughter of King John, and consort of Llewelyn ap Iowerth, Prince of North Wales, who died in the year 1237), having been conveyed from the Friary of Llanfaes, and alas, used for many years as a horsewatering trough, was rescued from such an indignity and placed here for preservation as well as to excite serious meditation on the transitory nature of all sublunary distinctions. By
643:
of trenches in some of the more accessible parts of what had become an area of dense tree cover. The main existing structure in the area is the large concrete turning circle from the 1940s flying boat activities. The Friary Church itself stood some 20 metres north of the circle, and did not form part of the study area. Two trenches close to the circle proved particularly rich in finds relating to the friary graveyard and boundary wall. The largest of these, Trench E, on the down-slope (east) side of the circle, revealed seven phases of activity.
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needed by a mendicant existence, and to be amongst the people they wished to teach and serve. All the earliest
British foundations were small, often redundant or decayed premises, and there was an active resistance to prestige or permanence in their buildings. However this very rejection of the trappings of success was greeted with enthusiasm across England and Wales and by 1240 at least 29 houses had become established.
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514:). They had a son (John Prescott Burton), a daughter (Frances Ellen May Burton) and triplets, two boys (Alfred and Richard Burton) and a girl (Mary Conway Burton). The two sons, Alfred and Richard, were both killed in World War I and are recorded on the Beaumaris war memorial. Mary Burton was elected mayor of Beaumaris in 1953, 1954, 1955 and 1956 and also High Sheriff of Anglesey.
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606:. They also produced a wide variety of civilian and military land based craft, such as the coachwork for buses. 620 of these buses were exported to Cuba in the 1950s. At its height over 2,000 people worked at the site. Fryars House became the offices. In the war, workers were housed in nearby Henllys Hall, Plas Rhianfa (now
581:
At
Llanfaes, a long slipway was built across the road and across the foreshore to Fryars Bay. The flying boats were able to utilise the large area of deep water along the east end of the Menai Straits. The Catalinas were manufactured in USA and Canada, and were initially sent over on cargo ships, but
500:
At the same time as the
Hamptons were expanding their landholdings, the Bulkeleys were the principle Beaumaris family. At the dissolution of the Friary in 1539, it was the Bulkeleys who took the lease on the site, and plundered its building stone for use in Beaumaris. The next leaseholder, from 1563,
673:
Other trenches had much less archaeology. The west (up-slope) side of the circle had been cut down to the natural to give a level area for the circle, so that archaeology there had been lost. The trenches south of the circle revealed nothing of interest apart from the trackway/road, and so that area
389:
arrived in
Britain in 1224 as part of a missionary expansion of this new order of friars living a life of poverty and preaching. Unlike many earlier monasteries that had sought rural seclusion, the Franciscans needed and embraced urban locations, both to provide them with the daily charitable giving
642:
required a thorough archaeological investigation, which was carried out by
Gwynedd Archaeological Trust in the summer of 1991, to establish the nature and extent of any buried features. The sewage works were subsequently built in the southern corner of the site. The 1991 excavations opened a series
496:
Near to
Llanfaes was Henllys, in early medieval times the principle seat of one of the 15 tribes of North Wales. When Llanfaes was de-populated at the start of the 14th century, Henllys survived as a residence of note, and after 1460 it was granted to William Hampton, by then the Deputy Governor of
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shipbuilding firm, to become Laird (Anglesey). By the 1990s this had become owned by Faun Group, who in 1997 opened a new works in
Llangefni and the decaying wartime hangars and buildings finally fell into disuse. Aluminium construction still remains the core activity of the firm at Llangefni, but
475:
More recently, experts have reviewed the carved coffin lid, which does not appear to be associated with the coffin itself. It has been suggested that the style of the carved image is not in keeping the 1230s when Joan died, although the presence of a coronet suggests a member of the royal family.
505:
re-took possession of Friars from the Whytes and thus the two major landholders of the area, the
Hamptons and Bulkeleys, divided Llanfaes between them. In 1866 Friars (which came to be spelled Fryars) was rebuilt and by the start of the 20th century Fryars had been bought by James Hartley Burton,
356:
which covered the southeast quarter of
Anglesey. Control of the ferry crossing gave Llanfaes its wealth and prestige, and by the early 13th century it was a busy commercial town, probably centred around the Church. It was into this urbanised location that the Franciscan Friary was established.
590:, Canada. One of the survivals from this time is a large concrete turning circle, just south of Fryars House, used when setting aircraft compasses. After the war the factory diversified into a wide range of engineering tasks. Some aircraft activity continued, such as trialing floats for
393:
The Friary at Llanfaes was founded about 1237 AD, just as this early stress on poverty was beginning to be replaced by an acceptance of larger, well-funded premises, from donors eager to be associated with this lively new expression of Christian faith. In this case it would appear that
348:, and even that is a product of 19th century rebuilding. However, it is the residual survivor of a thriving town which by the 12th century was controlling 70% of the trade of the whole of Gwynedd. By the 900s it was the main town (Maerdref) and Royal Court (Llys) of the
373:. The new town took control of the ferry crossing, and to ensure Llanfaes did not compete commercially with the new maerdref of Beaumaris, in 1303 the Llanfaes burgesses were forcibly resettled on the other side of Anglesey, at another new township,
569:
had to spend time on the surface at night, while they re-charged their batteries. The combination of radar and the high powered searchlights enabled the planes to find and attack a U-boat before it could dive.
414:. The friary was consecrated in 1240, prior to Llywelyn's death, and Joan's original burial place was within a consecrated enclosure which remained within the friary precincts after it was constructed.
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Hotel and in prefabricated housing. This was gradually replaced by permanent houses such that a new village of Llanfaes has grown up north of the factory site.
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was Ellis Wynne (White), and his descendant, Rowland Whyte built a house in 1623, which he named Friars. The Bulkeley family, with their huge mansion at nearby
377:. Apart from the Church and the Friary, little seems to have survived this determined depopulation, such that even the location of the town is now uncertain.
534:
Catalina IVB 205 Sqn RAF, on the ground at Saunders-Roe's Friars site. The background was blanked out by a wartime censor to avoid showing the site details.
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Two grave holes with no contents. This suggests these were disinterred and relocated when the friary was dissolved in 1538. (Earlier burials were left
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As a result of these events, the friary became associated with female members of the royal family of Gwynedd, and in 1282 it was the burial place of
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An accumulation of 0.25 metres (9.8 in) of clay soil, had occurred, whilst a trackway running north-south remained as a depression feature.
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Graves from an early period of the friary's history. These were cut alongside a boundary wall and drain of broadly the same date.
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In 1939 the 50 acre Fryars estate was requisitioned from the Burton family, for use in the war effort. The site was allocated to
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The sunken track was filled in, the site levelled up with clay and gravel, and finally tarmacked, all during the 20th century.
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A second wall, with further graves, were cut through the earlier graves, which by then must have been unmarked and forgotten.
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445:. Despite the disappearance of its town, the monastery was at least sustainable, and was still a going concern at the
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557:, British type bomb-racks and RAF radio equipment. They also installed highly secret Air-to-Surface Vessel
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549:. Over four years 399 Catalinas received a wide range of adaptations to fit in with RAF needs, including
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light aircraft, and a pioneering use of aluminium in the manufacture of motor torpedo boats P1602,
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982:"Bangor University: Henllys Manuscripts, 1548–1895, Administrative and biographical history"
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Henllys, the ancient Llys and mansion site last rebuilt in the 1850s by the Hampton family
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A cobbled surface. This was probably laid during construction of the 1623 'Friars House'
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957:"Four weddings, three funerals and a historic detective puzzle: a cautionary tale"
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Watching brief at Henllys Hall, Beaumaris: GAT Project No. G 1729, Report No. 488
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Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales (RCAHMW)
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Northern end of the friary site, showing now derelict engineering sheds.
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A proposal to construct sewage treatment works within the area of the
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from November 1942 they were able to be flown over direct from either
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Graves on a slightly different alignment were dug at a later period.
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Rapide: The Magazine for the North-West Vintage Aviation Enthusiast
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Beaumaris Flying Boat station; Saunders Roe Factory (ID NPRN270847)
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was deemed permissible for the sewage treatment works to be built.
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In 1968 the Llanfaes SARO site, along with an engineering works in
425:. It was also the favoured burial site of local Anglesey nobility.
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962:. Transactions of the Anglesey Antiquarian Society and Field Club
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Some damage to the friary occurred in 1295, during the revolt of
1077:"Marriages at St Michael and All Angels in the Parish of Dalton"
344:
The medieval settlement of Llanfaes is now represented only by
254:, Wales. It was founded around 1237 in memory of Joan, wife of
1166:
891:
Brut y Tywysogion, Peniarth MS20, 223; Peniarth MS20Tr, 117.
1007:
D. Longley of John Moore & Partners Architects (2003).
931:
Abbeys and Priories: Abbeys and Priories of Medieval Wales
1014:(Report). Bangor: Gwynedd Archaeological Trust. p. 3
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is considered by many to be the most likely alternative.
542:, who used it for modifying American and Canadian built
1373:
Christian monasteries established in the 12th century
437:. It was further embroiled in the 1401 rebellion of
1079:. OnLine Parish Clerks for the County of Lancashire.
787:. Gwynedd Archaeological Trust. 2010. Archived from
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577:The Fryars Slipway on the foreshore of Fryars Bay
847:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 173.
928:Janet Burton; Karen Stober (15 February 2015).
470:Thomas James Warren Bulkeley, Viscount Bulkeley
406:, established the friary in memory of his wife
466:St Mary's and St Nicholas's Church, Beaumaris
16:Remains of a Franciscan friary in north Wales
8:
1257:"1950's – A Decade of Experimental Progress"
934:. University of Wales Press. pp. 114–.
21:
907:. Cambridge University Press. p. 698.
1285:"Service Aviation: New Airborne Lifeboat."
20:
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1144:. Airfields of Britain Conservation Trust
1034:"The Holiday Property Bond: Our Heritage"
824:. Gwynedd Archaeological Trust. p. 3
464:An empty stone coffin now to be found in
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1185:"Fryars, Beaumaris During World War Two"
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357:However, by the end of the 13th century
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819:"Archaeological Assessment at Llanfaes"
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734:Site of Friary at Llanfaes (ID PRN2573)
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684:List of Scheduled Monuments in Anglesey
630:the Llanfaes site is no longer in use.
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904:The Cambridge Urban History of Britain
410:, who died in 1237 at their palace in
984:. Archive Wales. 2004. Archived from
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242:in the now vanished medieval town of
7:
457:The friary was dissolved in 1538 by
1261:The International Hydrofoil Society
1331:Faun Trackway Ltd, company website
1113:"BEAUMARIS HONOURS 'LEADING LADY'"
1090:Anglesey Môn Information Website.
742:Gwynedd Archaeological Trust (GAT)
14:
1287:Retrieved on September 21, 2009.
1236:. The world of David Victor Mills
845:A History of the Franciscan Order
617:Saunders Roe Friars Site in 2013
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38:
1383:Scheduled monuments in Anglesey
1378:Franciscan monasteries in Wales
447:Dissolution of the Monasteries
365:and put down the rebellion of
1:
1234:"SARO (Anglesey) Ltd MTB 539"
1208:"Flying Boats on the Strait"
1142:"Airfield Search: Beaumaris"
634:Archaeological investigation
596:Dark-class fast patrol boats
123:Important associated figures
1119:. 25 April 1963. p. 17
1055:"Lieutenant Richard Burton"
625:were merged as part of the
518:Industrial uses of the site
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785:Penmon Historic Landscapes
510:, Lancashire (grandson of
337:
22:Llanfaes Franciscan Friary
1312:. The View From The North
1310:"Saunders Roe, Beaumaris"
1291:October 21, 2012, at the
33:
26:
1092:"Beaumaris war memorial"
54:Location within Anglesey
27:
1117:North Wales Weekly News
955:Madeleine Gray (2014).
901:D. M. Palliser (2000).
246:, close to what is now
1205:Extended quote from –
1057:. Imperial War Museums
843:Moorman, John (1968).
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1283:, February 13, 1953.
781:"Llanfaes: PRN 33471"
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561:(ASV) and from 1942,
555:Browning machine guns
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346:St Catherine's Church
74:Order of Friars Minor
63:Monastery information
817:Longley, D. (1991).
396:Llywelyn ab Iorwerth
363:Llywelyn ap Gruffudd
256:Llywelyn ab Iorwerth
142:Heritage designation
117:Llywelyn ab Iorwerth
1393:History of Anglesey
710:"Llanfaes (Friary)"
478:Eleanor de Montfort
419:Eleanor de Montfort
408:Joan, Lady of Wales
193: /
131:Eleanor de Montfort
127:Joan, Lady of Wales
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691:(medieval commote)
640:scheduled monument
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604:Airborne lifeboats
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484:Henllys and Fryars
260:Scheduled monument
197:53.2748°N 4.0873°W
146:Scheduled monument
28:Brodordy Llan-faes
941:978-1-78316-181-2
914:978-0-521-44461-3
600:Bras d'Or (R-103)
435:Madoc ap Llywelyn
423:Princess of Wales
367:Madog ap Llywelyn
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1354:Longley 1991
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1342:Longley 1991
1337:
1326:
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986:the original
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880:Moorman 1968
875:
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863:
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784:
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563:Leigh lights
551:.303 British
547:flying boats
540:Saunders-Roe
537:
512:James Burton
499:
495:
474:
472:, Oct 1808"
463:
456:
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416:
398:, Prince of
392:
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343:
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309:Menai Strait
232:
231:
218:SH6091677341
137:Architecture
18:
453:Dissolution
387:Franciscans
334:of Llanfaes
200: /
175:Coordinates
80:Established
1367:Categories
854:0198264259
736:. in the '
696:References
689:Dindaethwy
503:Baron Hill
459:Henry VIII
385:The first
381:Foundation
375:Newborough
354:Dindaethwy
237:Franciscan
185:53°16′29″N
113:Founder(s)
1388:Beaumaris
1165:. at the
1123:29 August
623:Llangefni
565:. German
371:Beaumaris
248:Beaumaris
188:4°05′14″W
163:Beaumaris
1289:Archived
1266:23 April
1097:1 August
1061:1 August
1018:1 August
678:See also
553:version
544:Catalina
508:Birkdale
359:Edward I
340:Llanfaes
292:0.6miles
252:Anglesey
244:Llanfaes
167:Anglesey
158:Location
1316:31 July
1240:31 July
1217:31 July
1191:31 July
1148:31 July
1039:25 July
992:25 July
966:11 June
828:13 June
795:13 June
719:13 June
658:in situ
584:Bermuda
567:U-boats
443:Henry V
429:Decline
400:Gwynedd
350:commote
332:Maedref
169:, Wales
148:(AN134)
97:Diocese
1281:Flight
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592:Auster
240:friary
235:was a
108:People
102:Bangor
1012:(PDF)
960:(PDF)
822:(PDF)
559:radar
404:Wales
69:Order
1318:2016
1268:2014
1242:2016
1219:2016
1193:2016
1150:2016
1125:2023
1099:2016
1063:2016
1041:2016
1020:2016
994:2016
968:2016
936:ISBN
909:ISBN
849:ISBN
830:2016
797:2016
721:2016
402:and
330:The
226:None
153:Site
91:1538
83:1237
738:SMR
586:or
352:of
290:1km
161:Nr
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