1263:
As part of this initiative, urban local bodies, such as
Corporations and municipalities, have been entrusted with the management and administration of all schools within their respective limits. This includes lower primary schools, upper primary schools, high schools, and higher secondary schools. Under this model, the urban local bodies take direct responsibility for the administration, infrastructure development, and overall management of all schools in their jurisdiction. Local governments have control over the overall functioning of schools, including infrastructure development and day-to-day operations. However, the recruitment, appointment, and payment of teachers and staffs remain under the jurisdiction of the general education department of the state government.
1489:
access to electricity, access to clean water, healthcare etc. E-Gram's objective is to make panchayats more efficient, transparent and symbols of modernity by leveraging ICT at the cutting edge level to ensure transparency and accountability in their functioning through disclosure of information, social audit, efficient delivery of services and improving internal processes and management of panchayats. E-Gram has built-in SMS functionality which helps interact with people faster. This helps panchayats to roll out benefits, announcements, or even acknowledgement receipts for certificates in
Malayalam. This automated SMS service can also send reminder SMSs to citizens who are due to pay their taxes.
1151:
The
Government can cancel resolutions of the Panchayat only through a process and in consultation with the Ombudsman or Appellate Tribunal according to the subject matter of the resolution. Similarly a Panchayat can be dissolved directly by government, only if it fails to pass the budget or if majority of its members have resigned. In all other cases a due process has to be followed and the Ombudsman has to be consulted before dissolution takes place. This is a unique feature which does not exist even in Center-State relations. In Kerala, Local Self-Government Institutions have been meaningfully empowered through massive transfer of resources as well as administrative powers.
1142:
assigned certain subjects and these
Committees are expected to go into the subject areas both at the planning and implementation stage in great detail. For the purpose of co-ordination, a steering committee is constituted consisting of the President and Vice President of the Panchayat and the Chairpersons of Standing Committees. In addition, there are Functional Committees for different subjects which can include experts and practitioners and the Panchayats are free to constitute Sub Committees to assist the Standing Committee or Functional Committee. There is also provision for constitution of Joint Committees with neighbouring Local Governments.
1255:), taluk hospitals (THs), and district hospitals (DHs), have been given to local governments. District hospitals are run by district panchayats, taluk hospitals by block panchayats, taluk headquarters hospitals (THQHs) by municipalities, and primary health centres (PHCs) by panchayats. Community health centres (CHCs) are controlled by block panchayats. Urban primary health centres are managed by the respective urban local bodies. Management of community health centres and taluk hospitals within the municipal area in all systems of medicine is the responsibility of the respective municipality.
1476:
backend computerization to e-enable the delivery of services and ensures transparency and uniform application of rules. The project involves integrated and seamless delivery of services to public by automation, integration and incorporating
Business Process Re-Engineering(BPR) where ever required. In a nutshell E-District is a tailor-made program for minimizing effort and time to provide prompt and effective services to the public.
1233:. This is headed by the Chief Minister and consists of the entire Cabinet, Leader of opposition, Vice-Chairman of the State Planning Board, the Chief Secretary, all the District Panchayat Presidents who are also Chairperson of District Planning Committee and representatives of other tiers of local governments. This institution is expected to take the lead in policy formulation and in sorting out operation issues.
2010:
1366:
22:
4705:
3825:
1155:
department responsible for the administration and oversight of the local self-government institutions in the state. It is responsible for implementing government policies and programs related to local governance, decentralization, rural development and urban development. Some of the key field departments under the Local Self-Government
Department in Kerala include:
378:
administrative control including powers of disciplinary action over its own staff as well as staff transferred to it. To encourage a healthy relationship between officials and elected
Members, the Act prescribes a code of conduct that lays down principles of polite behavior, respect for elected authorities, and protection of the freedom of the
1129:
clear recognition that there is a role-range for local governments as Agent, Adviser, Manager, Partner and Actor – with the objective being to reduce the agency role and expand the autonomous – actor role. The Kerala Act classifies functions as mandatory functions, general functions and sector-wise functions. in its schedules.
1306:
Local infrastructure creation is also largely in the domain of
Panchayats and Nagarapalikas. Critical institutions of public service like hospitals, schools, anganwadis, veterinary institutions, Krishi Bhawans, hostels for Scheduled Castes and Care institutions for different disadvantaged groups have
1280:
In the
Agriculture and allied sectors, the de facto and de jure local government functions are Agricultural extension including farmer oriented support for increasing production and productivity, Watershed management and minor irrigation, Dairy development, Animal Husbandry including veterinary care
1132:
According to a study Dr Martin
Patrick (Chief Economist) CPPR, "Gram panchayats are performing better when compared to their performance three decades earlier but they are still not meeting expected standards in generating own funds with which they can plan their own special projects, s Steps need to
1488:
E-Gram is a cloud based platform built exclusively for Gram Panchayats and is a data analytic tool which stores and analyses all information regarding people in a panchayat. E-Gram generates real-time analytics on population, literacy rate, male-female ratio, poverty threshold, internet penetration,
1475:
Kerala E-District project intends to provide Government services to citizens through Common Service Centers(CSC) which are easily accessible. Services from different departments are brought under one umbrella at any CSC. Some of the services are also made available through online portal. It utilizes
1262:
sector, in rural areas the upper primary schools, high schools and higher secondary schools have been transferred to the District Panchayats and the primary schools have been transferred to Gram Panchayats; in urban areas, all government schools have been transferred to the urban local governments.
1150:
The amended Kerala Panchayat Raj & Municipality Acts drastically reduces the powers of direct governmental control over Panchayat Raj Institutions. While Government can issue general guidelines regarding national and State policies it cannot meddle in day-to-day affairs or individual decisions.
1351:
Order No 85191/pt.sppl.1/66 & R D D on 29 December 1966 as an association of Grama Panchayaths. All Grama Panchayaths are affiliated to the Grama Panchayath Association. The Kerala Grama Panchayath Association has responsibility in strengthening decentralization process and local governance in
1141:
All Village and Block Panchayats have three Standing Committees and the District Panchayat five Standing Committees. The Standing Committees are constituted in such a way that every Member of the Panchayat gets a chance to function in one Standing Committee or the other. Each Standing Committee is
1484:
Honourable Chief Minister of Kerala Shri. Oommen Chandy has declared Pampakuda panchayat, Ernakulam as the first digital panchayat in Kerala on 28 June 2014. Pampakuda panchayat has achieved this feat by digitalizing over 18,000 citizens' survey data with the help of E-Gram, a software built by a
1246:
In the health sector all institutions other than medical colleges and big regional speciality hospitals have been placed under the control of the local governments. Kerala's public health care system has undergone tremendous decentralisation. Institutions for providing public health care, such as
1128:
State defined the functional areas of the different tiers of local governments so precisely. In infrastructure and management of public institutions, the functional differentiation is sharp and clear, but in productive sectors the functions could not be earmarked clearly for each tier. There is a
1332:
The Second Administrative Reforms Commission, set up on 31 August 2005 to prepare a detailed blue print for revamping the public administration system, suggested measures to achieve a proactive, responsive, accountable, sustainable and efficient administration at all levels of the country in the
385:
The Kerala Panchayat Raj Act and Kerala Municipalities Act 1994 were thoroughly restructured in 1999 and several innovative features laying strong legal foundation for evolving genuine institutions of Local Self Government were built in. The list of various local self governments in the state of
377:
The President of the Panchayat Raj Institutions(PRIs) has been declared as the executive authority. The senior most officials of various departments brought under the control of the Panchayat Raj Institutions have been declared as ex-officio Secretaries for that subject. The Panchayats have full
1154:
The state government plays an important role in supporting and overseeing the functioning of local self-government institutions, which include Grama Panchayats, Block Panchayats, District Panchayats, Corporations and Municipalities. The Local Self-Government Department (LSGD) is the government
155:
Urban local bodies in Kerala, such as corporations and municipalities, are incorporated entities responsible for the governance and administration of towns and cities within the state. These are classified based on the size of the population and economic activities of the urban settlement.
141:
institutions and Urban Local Bodies for devolution of powers, the Kerala government enacted the Kerala Panchayat Raj Act and the Kerala Municipality Act in 1994. These acts established a three-tier system of local government in Kerala, consisting of gram panchayats (village councils), block
1162:, responsible for implementing policies, programs, and schemes related to Grama Panchayats, Block Panchayats, and District Panchayats. It provides administrative support, technical guidance, and training to the elected representatives and officials of the Panchayati Raj institutions.
1302:
In short, most of the responsibilities relating to human and social development have been passed down to local governments. Welfare and poverty reduction are now largely dependent on local governments who also have considerable area of responsibility in the primary sector.
196:
The Panchayat Raj system is a three-tier system of local self-government in rural areas of Kerala that includes Gram Panchayats, Block Panchayats, and District Panchayats. The term "Panchayat Raj" translates to "Rule of Panchayats" or "Rule of Local Self-Government."
1112:– involving the people of the ward. The Grama Sabhas have been given clear rights and responsibilities with absolute powers for identification of beneficiaries, strong advisory powers for prioritizing developmental needs and wide powers of social audit.
1197:
To reduce governmental control and foster growth of self-government as envisaged in the Constitution, the Act provides for creation of independent institutions to deal with various aspects of local government functioning. They are listed below:-
142:
panchayats, and district panchayats. The acts also gave these local governments a wide range of powers and responsibilities, including providing basic civic amenities, promoting economic development, and providing social welfare services.
206:, is the highest tier of Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRIs) in Kerala's rural governance system. It is the district level and represents entire rural areas of the district. It looks after the administration of the rural area of the
1227:. These are to be constituted at the Regional/District level to take care of appeals by citizens against decisions of the local government taken in the exercise of their regulatory role like issue of licence, grant of permit etc.
1107:
Kerala has created a three-tier in the form of Grama Sabhas equated with the electoral constituency of a Village Panchayat All the electors of the Ward are members of the Grama Sabha. It is an attempt to create a new set up for
1277:, the entire functions have gone to local governments. The ICDS is fully implemented by Village Panchayats and Urban Local Governments. Care of the disabled, to a substantial degree has become a local government responsibility.
1352:
Kerala. For the purpose, the association organizes necessary research activities, Studies, action Researches, some study models and conduct discussions, seminars, training etc., on issues confronting panchayaths in the state.
1182:
Kerala Institute of Local Administration (KILA), autonomous institution dedicated to research, training, and capacity building of elected representatives and officials of local self-government institutions.
1124:
lists out developmental areas where local governments should have a role in planning for economic development and social justice and in the implementation of such plans. Unlike many other States,
1307:
been transferred to local governments on as is where is condition. The responsibility of local governments which are typical of a non-plan nature in respect of these institutions include -
1772:
1168:, focuses on urban local bodies, including Municipalities and Corporations. It formulates policies and programs for urban development, infrastructure planning, and service delivery.
4557:
1910:
1810:
Local Governments in Kerala : Reforms, Decentralized Development & Local Government Finances, Mulagunnathukavu, Kerala Institute of Local Administration, 2003 Contents
1209:
of Wards as a member of the Delimiation Committee. Delimitation of wards was formerly done through the executive. The Commission has been given powers to disqualify defectors.
2026:
250:
and 6 Corporations, a total of 1200 Local Self Government Institutions. The list of number of local government institutions from the period 1995-2015 is given below:
3995:
1860:
4544:
1387:
39:
1221:. This is a high power institution which has been given vast powers to check malfeasance in local governments in the discharge of developmental functions.
3933:
4671:
4651:
2671:
1885:
920:
3860:
1622:
1639:
4342:
2013:
130:
is a state on the southwestern coast of India. It is known for its high literacy rate, low infant mortality rate, and long life expectancy.
1205:. The Election Commission has been given powers which go beyond those required for the conduct of elections. It is empowered to involve in
1438:
86:
4728:
1410:
58:
4733:
234:, It is the lowest level of the institution and represents a village or a group of villages. it is the local government for a village.
1133:
be taken to generate own assets by collecting more non-tax revenue, particularly collecting potential building and professional tax"
4552:
4268:
4000:
1457:
1215:. This has been given the mandate as required by the Constitution. The first SFC was constituted in 1994 and the second SFC in 1999.
105:
1820:
1417:
65:
4038:
1999:
1498:
1270:
has gone to the local governments; all the centrally sponsored anti-poverty programmes are planned and implemented through them.
2684:
1528:
1605:
246:
has 941 Village Panchayats (Grama panchayats), 152 Block Panchayats and 14 District Panchayats; in the urban areas, it has 87
4094:
2699:
2679:
1391:
980:
808:
43:
1424:
72:
1333:
country, including the local government system, submitted its sixth report exclusively on local governance under the title
4681:
4631:
4043:
4015:
1248:
3140:
2704:
2694:
1406:
54:
4564:
4010:
4005:
3987:
3853:
2689:
2048:
2040:
947:
775:
420:
221:
1376:
4066:
3501:
1523:
207:
1395:
1380:
32:
4159:
4144:
4124:
1508:
1547:
The ties were later resolved, LDF now control 11 and UDF controls 3 district panchayats. Refer Aftermath section
4119:
4061:
3290:
3215:
2714:
2631:
2611:
2273:
1556:
The ties were later resolved and LDF now control 43 municipalities and UDF controls 41. Refer Aftermath section
1513:
894:
382:
to render advice freely and fearlessly. All these features are there in the Kerala Municipality Act as well.
4228:
2058:
1252:
464:
191:
4317:
4179:
3846:
2777:
2331:
2141:
3811:
1897:
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4071:
4033:
4028:
3908:
3727:
3265:
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2421:
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1206:
1121:
975:
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161:
134:
79:
1754:
2009:
4676:
4661:
4539:
4332:
4149:
3983:
2561:
2326:
2186:
1992:
4626:
4569:
4283:
4200:
4187:
4114:
4086:
4023:
3968:
3898:
2516:
2161:
2151:
2093:
1284:
Barring highways and major district roads, connectivity has become local government responsibility.
1267:
618:
4596:
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4460:
4288:
4104:
4076:
3963:
3938:
3918:
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2181:
2113:
2098:
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2063:
2031:
706:
640:
552:
486:
202:
1977:
1337:
1773:"Kerala panchayats performing better but not generating adequate funds: Study – Times of India"
1726:
1714:
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2156:
2103:
1847:
1755:"Grama Sabha / Ward Sapha in Kerala | PDF | Democracy | Political Ideologies"
1287:
The whole of sanitation and most of rural water supply have moved over to local governments.
1274:
1109:
662:
4490:
4475:
4465:
3943:
3872:
3801:
3135:
2962:
2386:
2223:
2171:
2166:
2123:
2108:
2073:
2053:
1985:
684:
530:
442:
230:
216:
1898:
Kerala’s Grass-roots-led Pandemic Response: Deciphering the Strength of Decentralisation
1727:"List of Local bodies In Kerala, Local Self-Government Department, Government of Kerala"
4513:
4480:
4337:
4327:
4312:
4220:
4099:
3542:
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3037:
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2411:
2381:
2376:
2263:
2239:
2215:
2131:
1518:
1503:
247:
138:
1242:
The extent of decentralization and its nature can be gauged from the following facts:
4722:
4169:
4129:
3913:
3893:
3888:
3789:
3784:
3697:
3662:
3632:
3627:
3532:
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2917:
2757:
2576:
2566:
2526:
2416:
2366:
2346:
2306:
1290:
Promotion of tiny, cottage and small industries is mostly with the local governments.
379:
4709:
4611:
4518:
4388:
4378:
4273:
4233:
4154:
4139:
3829:
3747:
3732:
3682:
3622:
3617:
3607:
3587:
3491:
3446:
3441:
3426:
3366:
3315:
3275:
3255:
3165:
3160:
3100:
3032:
2942:
2907:
2862:
2847:
2792:
2636:
2601:
2541:
2506:
2476:
2441:
2426:
2406:
2371:
2356:
2341:
2296:
173:
1690:
1665:
4686:
4434:
4429:
4373:
4347:
4243:
3948:
3928:
3769:
3687:
3677:
3557:
3416:
3406:
3300:
3295:
3280:
3145:
3120:
3110:
3047:
3017:
2982:
2927:
2902:
2877:
2837:
2802:
2626:
2491:
2456:
2451:
2401:
1365:
21:
1972:
4502:
4383:
4205:
3806:
3717:
3707:
3637:
3572:
3552:
3547:
3496:
3471:
3431:
3401:
3396:
3345:
3335:
3270:
3230:
3170:
3052:
3027:
3022:
3012:
2912:
2882:
2832:
2827:
2767:
2616:
2606:
2596:
2591:
2486:
2471:
2361:
2316:
220:, It is the intermediate level and represents a group of Gram Panchayats in a
4666:
4591:
4455:
4439:
4363:
4053:
3537:
3527:
3511:
3466:
3456:
3386:
3250:
3235:
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3175:
3105:
2937:
2872:
2857:
2822:
2812:
2787:
2772:
2762:
2752:
2732:
2531:
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2436:
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2336:
2321:
2311:
2301:
2255:
1259:
1320:
administrative charges relating to telephone, water, electricity, fuel etc.
1968:
Official website of Local Self Government Department, Government of Kerala
1798:"Local Self Government Department | Local Self Government Department"
4195:
4134:
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2247:
1948:
Reforming Local Governance in India : A New Paradigm for Development
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3115:
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2992:
2987:
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2727:
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2571:
2286:
2231:
1821:"People Centric Service Delivery in Local Self Government Institutions"
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2351:
2017:
1125:
243:
127:
1911:"Decentralisation Participatory Planning and Development in Kerala"
1797:
1640:"National Panchayati Raj Day 2023: History, significance and theme"
1293:
All the welfare pensions are administered by the local governments.
1273:
As regards Social welfare, barring statutory functions relating to
4606:
4414:
4215:
3923:
3692:
3305:
3042:
2782:
2737:
2722:
2396:
2291:
2281:
1848:
Transfer of Functions to Local Governments in Kerala: Major Issues
181:" of cities with more than 25,000 and less than 1 lakh population.
1886:
Decentralisation of the Health Care Sector in Kerala: Some Issues
4419:
3838:
3310:
169:" or "Nagara Sabha", of cities with more than 1 lakh population.
3842:
1981:
1967:
1359:
15:
1347:
Kerala has a Grama Panchayath Association, formed under the
133:
Following the 73rd and 74th amendment (both in 1992) of the
1937:
See Economic Review 2001 of the Kerala State Planning Board
1188:, specialised agency for waste management and sanitation.
1339:. A brief summary of the report is there in the article
1861:"Impact of Decentralisation on Health Sector in Kerala"
1335:
Local Governance: An Inspiring Journey into the future
1485:
private IT company operating in Technolodge Piravom.
1952:
New Governance Paradigm : Issues in Development
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2122:
2039:
1973:
An Introduction to LOCAL SELF GOVERNMENTS IN KERALA
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4558:Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1989–present)
1691:"Local Bodies | Local Self Government Department"
1666:"Local body institutions in Kerala (1995-2015)"
1311:routine and heavy maintenance of infrastructure
4553:Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (1926–1989)
3854:
1993:
1954:P327 - 346, Delhi, Kalpaz Publications, 2008
8:
1394:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
146:Types of Local Self-Government Institutions
4305:
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3847:
3839:
3080:
2000:
1986:
1978:
388:
1458:Learn how and when to remove this message
137:which entrusted states with establishing
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
4672:List of tourist attractions in Kozhikode
1715:Local bodies list of Kerala, LSGD Kerala
945:
773:
252:
1900:by National institute of urban affairs.
1734:Local Self-Government Department (LSGD)
1569:
1540:
4545:Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam
7:
1623:"The Kerala Panchayat Raj Act, 1994"
1392:adding citations to reliable sources
1176:Town and Country planning Department
44:adding citations to reliable sources
1314:upkeep and maintenance of equipment
3770:Kolathunadu (Kingdom of Cannanore)
1343:Kerala Grama Panchayat Association
1193:Independent Oversight Institutions
14:
186:Panchayat raj institutions (PRIs)
4703:
4627:Places of Interest in Malappuram
3823:
2008:
1499:Administrative reforms in Kerala
1364:
20:
4642:Tourist attractions of Palakkad
4067:2001 Kadalundi Train derailment
1606:"Kerala Municipality Act, 1994"
1529:Local government in Maharashtra
1219:Ombudsman for Local Governments
1172:Department of Rural Development
31:needs additional citations for
4095:Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve
1225:Tribunal for Local Governments
1116:Functions of local governments
1:
4682:Tourism in Thiruvananthapuram
4632:Tourist attractions in Kannur
1266:The entire responsibility of
1251:), community health centres (
1203:The State Election Commission
1407:"Local government in Kerala"
1317:replenishment of consumables
1213:The State Finance Commission
1166:Directorate of Urban Affairs
1146:The Role of State Government
762:Local body elections results
55:"Local government in Kerala"
4565:Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen
1509:District Planning in Kerala
954:Local self-government body
948:2015 Kerala local elections
782:Local self-government body
776:2020 Kerala local elections
4750:
4729:Local government in Kerala
1950:In T M Joseph, Ed :
1524:Peoples Planning in Kerala
1323:noon-meal cost in schools.
1238:Extent of Decentralization
189:
4734:Local government in India
4700:
4308:
4289:colleges and universities
4145:Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
3820:
2024:
1888:, by Dr. Lakshmi Narayana
1231:State Development Council
1160:Directorate of Panchayats
1120:The 11th Schedule of the
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394:
391:
151:Urban Local Bodies (ULBs)
122:Gram Panchayats in Kerala
4120:Eravikulam National Park
4072:2016 Paravur temple fire
2049:Thiruvananthapuram KL-01
1514:Municipalities of Kerala
1247:primary health centres (
386:Kerala are given below:
4229:Saint Thomas Christians
4039:United Democratic Front
1281:& Inland fisheries.
403:Municipal Corporations
192:Panchayati raj in India
4533:Organisations/Agencies
4357:Dance / Drama / Cinema
4140:Nelliampathi Mountains
2778:Chittur-Thathamangalam
2672:Municipal corporations
1865:The New Indian Express
356:Municipal Corporation
4034:Left Democratic Front
3969:Perumpadapu Swaroopam
3909:Chovvanur burial cave
2853:Kothamangalam, Kerala
1122:Constitution of India
162:Municipal Corporation
135:Constitution of India
4677:Estuaries of Paravur
4662:Muzhappilangad Beach
4652:Tourism in Kasaragod
4540:Nair Service Society
4062:1988 Perumon tragedy
4011:Legislative Assembly
3929:Kingdom of Cannanore
2059:Pathanamthitta KL-03
1946:See K Rajasekharan:
1388:improve this section
1037:District Panchayats
409:District Panchayats
40:improve this article
4570:Syro-Malabar Church
4024:Saptakakshi Munnani
3899:Ariyannur Umbrellas
1268:poverty alleviation
950:
870:District Panchayats
778:
770:indicates most wins
316:District Panchayat
177:, also called the "
165:, also called the "
4597:Athirappilly Falls
4471:Suriyani Malayalam
4461:Malayalam calendar
4105:Kavvayi Backwaters
4077:2018 Kerala floods
3964:Vaikom Satyagraham
3939:Battle of Kulachal
3919:Zamorin of Calicut
3904:Kudakkallu Parambu
3762:Historical regions
2680:Thiruvananthapuram
2612:Thiruvananthapuram
2032:Thiruvananthapuram
1777:The Times of India
946:
774:
421:Thiruvananthapuram
239:District Wise Data
203:District Panchayat
4716:
4715:
4637:Islands of Kollam
4617:Kerala Backwaters
4602:Beaches in Kerala
4578:
4577:
4343:Triumvirate poets
4249:Jainism in Kerala
4165:Sasthamcotta Lake
3974:Malabar Migration
3954:Anglo-Mysore Wars
3836:
3835:
3812:Travancore–Cochin
3756:
3755:
1867:. 12 October 2015
1850:keralaeconomy.com
1468:
1467:
1460:
1442:
1349:Kerala Government
1100:
1099:
1015:Block Panchayats
957:Local Bodies won
944:
943:
785:Local Bodies won
759:
758:
415:Grama Panchayats
412:Block Panchayats
375:
374:
116:
115:
108:
90:
4741:
4710:India portal
4708:
4707:
4706:
4399:Cinema of Kerala
4306:
4269:Scheduled Tribes
3959:Battle of Quilon
3863:
3856:
3849:
3840:
3830:India portal
3828:
3827:
3826:
3743:Thalayolaparambu
3502:Sreekrishnapuram
3437:Sreemoolanagaram
3081:
2094:Malappuram KL-10
2012:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1979:
1955:
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1938:
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1929:
1928:
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1695:lsgkerala.gov.in
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1670:lsgkerala.gov.in
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1328:Proposed reforms
1298:Present scenario
1275:juvenile justice
1186:Suchitwa Mission
1179:Engineering wing
1137:Committee System
1110:direct democracy
993:Gram Panchayats
951:
846:Block Panchayats
779:
389:
296:Block Panchayat
276:Grama Panchayat
256:Local body type
253:
111:
104:
100:
97:
91:
89:
48:
24:
16:
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4712:
4704:
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4574:
4528:
4485:
4476:Judeo-Malayalam
4466:Arabi Malayalam
4444:
4403:
4352:
4295:
4186:
4182:
4174:
4160:Protected areas
4125:Flora and fauna
4081:
4048:
4001:Chief Ministers
3986:
3978:
3944:Arakkal kingdom
3924:Venad Swaroopam
3875:
3867:
3837:
3832:
3824:
3822:
3816:
3802:Venad (kingdom)
3752:
3516:
3350:
3216:Kottappadi Part
3072:
2709:
2666:
2268:
2224:Indian elephant
2201:
2118:
2114:Kasaragod KL-14
2099:Kozhikode KL-11
2079:Ernakulam KL-07
2064:Alappuzha KL-04
2035:
2020:
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1964:
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1646:. 24 April 2023
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822:Gram Panchayats
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406:Municipalities
241:
231:Grama Panchayat
217:Block Panchayat
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4100:Ashtamudi Lake
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3543:Chirayinkeezhu
3540:
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3524:
3522:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
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3477:Vadakkencherry
3474:
3469:
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3429:
3424:
3419:
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3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3261:Muzhappilangad
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3226:Padinharethara
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3087:
3085:
3078:
3074:
3073:
3071:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3038:Thrippunithura
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3003:Sreekandapuram
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2978:Perinthalmanna
2975:
2970:
2968:Pathanamthitta
2965:
2960:
2958:Parappanangadi
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
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2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
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2825:
2820:
2818:Karunagappalli
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
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2775:
2770:
2765:
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2715:Municipalities
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2582:Sultan Bathery
2579:
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2562:Perinthalmanna
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2382:Karunagappalli
2379:
2377:Karthikappally
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2327:Chirayinkeezhu
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2278:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2264:Papilio buddha
2261:
2258:
2253:
2250:
2245:
2242:
2237:
2234:
2229:
2226:
2221:
2218:
2216:Great hornbill
2213:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
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2096:
2091:
2089:Palakkad KL-09
2086:
2084:Thrissur KL-08
2081:
2076:
2071:
2069:Kottayam KL-05
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1962:External links
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4177:
4171:
4170:Vembanad Lake
4168:
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4158:
4156:
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4151:
4150:Nilgiri Hills
4148:
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4130:Malabar Coast
4128:
4126:
4123:
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4108:
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4029:Aikya Munnani
4027:
4025:
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4018:
4014:
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4009:
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3999:
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3934:Kerala school
3932:
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3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3894:Edakkal Caves
3892:
3890:
3889:Sangam period
3887:
3886:
3884:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3871:
3864:
3859:
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3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
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3791:
3790:South Malabar
3788:
3786:
3785:North Malabar
3783:
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3699:
3698:Kanjirappally
3696:
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3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
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3663:Vadasserikara
3661:
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3649:
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3639:
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3533:Balaramapuram
3531:
3529:
3526:
3525:
3523:
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3513:
3510:
3508:
3507:Lakkidi-Perur
3505:
3503:
3500:
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3490:
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3425:
3423:
3422:Chottanikkara
3420:
3418:
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3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
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3209:
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3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
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3167:
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3159:
3157:
3156:Kunnamangalam
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
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3119:
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2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2933:North Paravur
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2918:Neyyattinkara
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
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2891:
2889:
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2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2758:Changanassery
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
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2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2527:North Paravur
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2517:Neyyattinkara
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
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2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2422:Kothamangalam
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2367:Kanjirappally
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
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2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
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2310:
2308:
2307:Changanassery
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
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2290:
2288:
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2204:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
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2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2104:Wayanad KL-12
2102:
2100:
2097:
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2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
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2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
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2038:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1998:
1996:
1991:
1989:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1940:
1934:
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1891:
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1866:
1862:
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1849:
1844:
1841:
1829:
1828:kerala.gov.in
1822:
1816:
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1598:
1586:
1579:
1578:"Bill No.145"
1573:
1570:
1563:
1553:
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1522:
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1437:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1409: –
1408:
1404:
1403:Find sources:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1373:This section
1371:
1367:
1362:
1361:
1355:
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1254:
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1123:
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1111:
1102:
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1084:
1081:
1079:Corporations
1078:
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1064:
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521:
518:
515:
512:
510:
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480:
477:
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471:
468:
466:
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462:
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449:
446:
444:
441:
440:
436:
433:
430:
427:
424:
422:
419:
418:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
401:
398:Rural (PRIs)
395:Urban (ULBs)
390:
387:
383:
381:
380:civil servant
370:
367:
364:
361:
358:
355:
354:
350:
347:
344:
341:
338:
336:Municipality
335:
334:
330:
327:
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185:
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176:
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158:
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150:
145:
143:
140:
136:
131:
129:
118:
110:
107:
99:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71:
67:
64:
60:
57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
4612:Chembra Peak
4519:Panchavadyam
4389:Ottamthullal
4379:Mohiniyattam
4318:Architecture
4274:Kerala model
4234:Kerala Iyers
4201:Namboothiris
4180:Demographics
4155:Palakkad Gap
4016:
3748:Kaduthuruthy
3733:Kuravilangad
3683:Ambalappuzha
3623:Kozhencherry
3618:Kulathupuzha
3608:Pathanapuram
3588:Sasthamkotta
3492:Puthunagaram
3442:Nedumbassery
3427:Udayamperoor
3367:Vandiperiyar
3316:Vellarikundu
3276:Pappinisseri
3256:Anjarakkandy
3166:Thiruvambady
3161:Thamarassery
3101:Puthanathani
3033:Thrikkakkara
2908:Muvattupuzha
2863:Kottarakkara
2848:Kuthuparamba
2793:Irinjalakuda
2657:Vellarikundu
2637:Udumbanchola
2602:Thamarassery
2542:Pathanapuram
2507:Muvattupuzha
2502:Mukundapuram
2482:Manjeshwaram
2477:Mananthavady
2442:Kozhencherry
2427:Kottarakkara
2297:Ambalappuzha
2142:Demographics
2109:Kannur KL-13
2074:Idukki KL-06
2054:Kollam KL-02
2030:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1933:
1921:. Retrieved
1917:
1905:
1893:
1881:
1869:. Retrieved
1864:
1855:
1843:
1831:. Retrieved
1827:
1815:
1806:
1792:
1780:. Retrieved
1776:
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1749:
1737:. Retrieved
1733:
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1710:
1698:. Retrieved
1694:
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1673:. Retrieved
1669:
1660:
1648:. Retrieved
1644:cnbctv18.com
1643:
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1600:
1588:. Retrieved
1584:
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1552:
1543:
1487:
1483:
1474:
1454:
1445:
1435:
1428:
1421:
1414:
1402:
1386:Please help
1374:
1356:E-Governance
1346:
1334:
1331:
1305:
1301:
1241:
1230:
1224:
1218:
1212:
1207:delimitation
1202:
1196:
1185:
1171:
1165:
1159:
1153:
1149:
1140:
1131:
1119:
1106:
1082:
1060:
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926:
921:Corporations
919:
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869:
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826:
821:
767:
753:
748:
743:
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384:
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242:
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179:Nagara Sabha
178:
174:Municipality
172:
166:
160:
154:
132:
126:
117:
102:
96:January 2024
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
4687:Vallam kali
4435:Eid al-Adha
4430:Eid al-Fitr
4374:Koodiyattam
4348:Vallam kali
4244:Cochin Jews
4206:Ambalavasis
4044:Politicians
3949:Lakshadweep
3728:Puthuppally
3688:Mararikulam
3678:Charummoodu
3558:Chathannoor
3417:Malayattoor
3407:Kunnathunad
3301:Cheruvathur
3296:Thrikaripur
3281:Kalliasseri
3146:Vallikkunnu
3121:Kuttippuram
3111:Angadipuram
3077:Other towns
3048:Tirurangadi
3018:Taliparamba
2983:Perumbavoor
2928:Nileshwaram
2903:Mavelikkara
2878:Kunnamkulam
2838:Kodungallur
2803:Kalamassery
2632:Tirurangadi
2587:Taliparamba
2492:Mavelikkara
2457:Kunnathunad
2452:Kunnamkulam
2402:Kodungallur
2240:Golden rain
1103:Grama Sabha
167:Corporation
4723:Categories
4503:Thayambaka
4384:Margamkali
4333:Literature
4259:Dravidians
4110:Backwaters
3984:Government
3807:Travancore
3718:Karukachal
3708:Mundakayam
3638:Mallapally
3573:Neendakara
3553:Parippally
3548:Kilimanoor
3497:Malampuzha
3472:Chelakkara
3432:Varappuzha
3402:Puthencruz
3397:Kolenchery
3346:Manjeshwar
3336:Mangalpady
3271:Cherukunnu
3231:Meenangadi
3171:Kodencheri
3053:Valanchery
3028:Thodupuzha
3023:Thiruvalla
3013:Thalassery
2913:Nedumangad
2883:Malappuram
2833:Kayamkulam
2828:Kattappana
2768:Chengannur
2617:Thodupuzha
2607:Thiruvalla
2597:Thalassery
2592:Thalapilly
2512:Nedumangad
2487:Mannarkkad
2472:Mallapally
2362:Kanayannur
2317:Chengannur
2187:Government
1564:References
1471:E-District
1448:March 2024
1418:newspapers
619:Malappuram
190:See also:
66:newspapers
4667:Peruvanam
4592:Alappuzha
4549:Samastha
4456:Malayalam
4449:Languages
4440:Christmas
4408:Festivals
4364:Kathakali
4284:Education
4211:Samanthas
4196:Malayalis
4115:Districts
4087:Geography
4054:Incidents
4019:elections
4017:Panchayat
4006:Governors
3593:Kunnathur
3538:Kattakada
3528:Parassala
3512:Thrithala
3467:Pavaratty
3457:Puthukkad
3387:Devikulam
3251:Dharmadom
3236:Panamaram
3186:Nadapuram
3176:Balussery
3106:Kottakkal
2938:Ottapalam
2873:Koyilandy
2858:Kottakkal
2823:Kasaragod
2813:Kanhangad
2788:Guruvayur
2773:Cherthala
2763:Chavakkad
2753:Chalakudy
2733:Alappuzha
2685:Kozhikode
2532:Ottapalam
2497:Meenachil
2462:Kunnathur
2447:Kozhikode
2437:Koyilandy
2392:Kattakada
2387:Kasaragod
2337:Devikulam
2322:Cherthala
2312:Chavakkad
2302:Chalakudy
2256:Jackfruit
2162:Geography
2152:Education
2041:Districts
1782:2 October
1375:does not
1260:Education
707:Kasaragod
641:Kozhikode
553:Ernakulam
487:Alappuzha
392:District
4264:Adivasis
4221:Mappilas
4188:Religion
4135:Marayoor
3996:Agencies
3988:Politics
3738:Uzhavoor
3668:Parumala
3653:Kulanada
3648:Aranmula
3643:Kumbanad
3613:Thenmala
3603:Kadakkal
3563:Kottiyam
3462:Manaloor
3452:Kodakara
3377:Rajakkad
3362:Peermade
3266:Azhikode
3246:Peravoor
3241:Pulpally
3206:Chundale
3191:Kuttiady
3181:Perambra
3151:Olavanna
3131:Areekode
3096:Thavanur
3058:Vatakara
2998:Shoranur
2973:Payyanur
2948:Palakkad
2923:Nilambur
2898:Mattanur
2868:Kottayam
2843:Kondotty
2808:Kalpetta
2748:Attingal
2743:Angamaly
2700:Thrissur
2652:Vatakara
2622:Thrissur
2557:Peermade
2552:Payyanur
2547:Pattambi
2537:Palakkad
2522:Nilambur
2467:Kuttanad
2432:Kottayam
2412:Kondotty
2248:Karimeen
2182:Wildlife
1923:24 March
1833:24 March
1675:12 March
1590:24 March
1493:See also
597:Palakkad
575:Thrissur
509:Kottayam
208:district
4692:Wayanad
4647:Kovalam
4584:Tourism
4524:Sopanam
4509:Kolkali
4394:Theyyam
4369:Kolkali
4323:Cuisine
4301:Culture
4279:Tourism
4254:Pulayar
4239:Ezhavas
4225:Thiyyas
4184:Economy
3881:History
3780:Malabar
3775:Zamorin
3723:Pampady
3713:Vazhoor
3703:Erumely
3658:Omallur
3583:Oachira
3578:Chavara
3568:Kundara
3487:Nemmara
3482:Alathur
3392:Adimali
3355:Central
3326:Karadka
3321:Parappa
3291:Alakode
3286:Irikkur
3211:Meppadi
3201:Vythiri
3196:Lakkidi
3141:Vengara
3136:Wandoor
3126:Karipur
3116:Mankada
3091:Edappal
3068:Varkala
2993:Punalur
2988:Ponnani
2963:Paravur
2888:Manjeri
2728:Anthoor
2662:Vythiri
2647:Varkala
2572:Punalur
2567:Ponnani
2347:Hosdurg
2332:Chittur
2287:Alathur
2232:Coconut
2206:Symbols
2192:Tourism
2177:History
2147:Economy
2137:Culture
2027:Capital
1918:kila.ac
1432:scholar
1396:removed
1381:sources
1258:In the
988:Others
813:Others
663:Wayanad
80:scholar
4657:Munnar
4622:Kollam
4499:Chenda
4425:Pooram
3873:topics
3870:Kerala
3797:Cochin
3673:Mannar
3598:Anchal
3412:Kalady
3382:Munnar
3372:Kumily
3341:Uppala
3331:Kumbla
3221:Muttil
3063:Vaikom
2953:Panoor
2893:Maradu
2798:Iritty
2705:Kannur
2695:Kollam
2642:Vaikom
2407:Kollam
2372:Kannur
2357:Iritty
2352:Idukki
2342:Eranad
2274:Taluks
2260:Insect
2236:Flower
2220:Animal
2197:Sports
2124:Topics
2018:Kerala
1871:30 May
1759:Scribd
1739:2 June
1700:2 June
1650:4 June
1480:E-Gram
1434:
1427:
1420:
1413:
1405:
1126:Kerala
960:Total
788:Total
685:Kannur
531:Idukki
443:Kollam
244:Kerala
128:Kerala
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
4607:Bekal
4491:Music
4415:Vishu
4216:Nairs
3914:Chera
3693:Aroor
3633:Ranni
3628:Konni
3521:South
3306:Bekal
3084:North
3043:Tirur
3008:Tanur
2783:Eloor
2738:Aluva
2723:Adoor
2690:Kochi
2627:Tirur
2577:Ranni
2417:Konni
2397:Kochi
2292:Aluva
2282:Adoor
2252:Fruit
2172:Ports
2167:Roads
2014:State
1914:(PDF)
1824:(PDF)
1730:(PDF)
1626:(PDF)
1609:(PDF)
1581:(PDF)
1535:Notes
1439:JSTOR
1425:books
729:Total
271:2015
268:2010
265:2005
262:2000
259:1995
222:block
87:JSTOR
73:books
4420:Onam
4313:Arts
3447:Mala
3311:Udma
2943:Pala
2244:Fish
2228:Tree
2212:Bird
2157:Film
2132:Arts
1925:2024
1873:2023
1835:2024
1784:2017
1741:2023
1702:2023
1677:2020
1652:2023
1592:2024
1411:news
1379:any
1377:cite
1253:CHCs
1249:PHCs
1032:152
1010:941
1001:365
985:NDA
911:0
885:0
864:152
840:941
831:321
816:Tie
768:Bold
311:152
308:152
305:152
302:152
299:152
291:941
288:978
285:999
282:991
279:990
59:news
2016:of
1390:by
1074:87
1065:41
1052:14
1023:61
1007:13
1004:14
997:549
981:UDF
976:LDF
914:86
905:41
888:14
855:38
851:108
837:64
834:42
827:514
809:UDF
804:LDF
754:941
749:152
723:38
701:71
698:11
679:23
657:70
654:12
635:94
632:15
626:12
613:88
610:13
591:86
588:16
569:82
566:14
560:13
547:52
525:71
522:11
503:72
500:12
481:53
459:68
456:11
437:78
434:12
351:87
348:60
345:53
342:53
339:55
331:14
328:14
325:14
322:14
319:14
42:by
4725::
2029::
1916:.
1863:.
1826:.
1775:.
1757:.
1732:.
1693:.
1668:.
1642:.
1583:.
1096:6
1093:0
1090:0
1087:2
1071:0
1068:1
1061:44
1049:0
1046:0
1043:7
1040:7
1029:1
1026:0
1019:90
940:6
937:0
934:0
931:1
908:2
901:43
882:0
879:3
875:11
861:6
858:0
744:14
739:87
720:6
717:1
714:3
711:-
695:1
692:9
689:1
676:4
673:1
670:3
667:-
651:1
648:7
645:1
629:1
623:-
607:1
604:7
601:-
585:1
582:7
579:1
563:1
557:1
544:8
541:1
538:2
535:-
519:1
516:6
513:-
497:1
494:6
491:-
478:8
475:1
472:4
469:-
453:1
450:4
447:1
431:1
428:4
425:1
371:6
368:5
365:5
362:5
359:3
4505:)
4501:(
3862:e
3855:t
3848:v
2001:e
1994:t
1987:v
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1455:(
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1384:.
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927:5
734:6
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