390:
in the identification of at least 30 more "probable species" of ludong which BFAR researchers are now studying. Moreover, the live ludong in captivity was recently joined in by 40 fingerlings of fish which are being cultured at BFAR, undergoing further morphological identification. The live ludong was donated in 2001 and the fingerlings in
January 2006 by Dr. Lino Edralim Lim for further studies on their physical traits and DNA fingerprinting. The results of these studies will form the basis for other captured fish which might be just ludong look-alikes.
313:
75:
50:
385:
In 2006, BFAR launched Oplan Sagip Ludong, a wide fish-hunt in Aparri for 60 pieces of live ludong. The hunt was conducted during the first half of
October because it provides the best opportunity to catch live ludong, which seasonally appears two to six times only in a year from October to November.
389:
At the moment, the only live ludong in captivity is at BFAR research center in Bonuan Binloc in
Dagupan City caught five years ago in the Cagayan River in Aparri town. It weighs 1.5 kilograms. This provides the researchers to study further this species and its breeding habits. The fish hunt resulted
381:
Specifically, FAO 31 prohibits the capture, purchase, sale, preparation, and serving of ludong for private or public consumption during its seasonal migration (October to
January). It also prohibits the use of tabukol (a cast net of large meshes), tabak (small drag seine for river fishing) or pateng
298:
in nature; it migrates to the ocean to breed. It swims to salt water to spawn from
October to December and returns to upstream ponds after. It undergoes upstream migration during December, January, and February, and this coincides with the “ipon-run phenomenon’ wherein different species of fish fry
373:
It was also observed that over the years, the sizes of ludong being caught are getting smaller. According to a BFAR report, the catch of ludong in 1998 weighed 2.4 kg (5.3 lb) and has gone to 0.25 kg (0.55 lb) in 2001. Moreover, no ludong was reportedly caught in 2002 and 2003
273:
A mature fish weighs from 0.25 to 2 kg (0.55 to 4.41 lb) and costs P4,000- P5,000 a kilo, making it one of the most expensive fish in the country. It commands a very high price in the market because it is seasonal and difficult to catch. It is sometimes called as the "President's fish"
281:
This fish is known for its unique taste and peculiar aroma when cooked. In fact, its unique taste makes it one of the most sought-after ingredients in making delicious dishes. A study in 2022, by Escaño, et. al., was successful in identifying Ludong through genetic barcoding, as
377:
Owing to its scarcity and high value in the market, the desire to catch ludong increases causing overfishing and endangerment. This concern resulted in the issuance of
Fisheries Administrative Order (FAO) No. 31 aimed at conserving the banak or ludong in Northern Luzon.
369:
Ludong is close to being an endangered species, considering its threatened state in the
Northern Luzon waters. In fact, information gathered from fish vendors in Cagayan showed that the volume of ludong catch has been tremendously decreasing annually.
31:
600:
466:
251:
1956:
2062:
1995:
1930:
1969:
634:
2008:
644:
382:(cylindrical fish pot for catching mullet) in the Cagayan River and its tributaries and in the Santa-Abra River System during these months.
681:
334:
624:
535:
299:
also undergo upstream migration. After the ludong had undergone downstream migration, it can be caught in
Cagayan River and tributaries.
654:
629:
564:
356:
2034:
587:
2072:
1974:
639:
327:
321:
2000:
270:
Ludong is herbivorous, eating only the filamentous algae that live on rocks and boulders in and near river rapids.
74:
338:
1013:
674:
275:
635:
https://web.archive.org/web/20100822224913/http://archives.sunstar.com.ph/davao/ludong-rps-most-expensive-fish
1643:
1616:
1872:
1686:
1487:
1444:
823:
1677:
1478:
1463:
1197:
1022:
645:
https://web.archive.org/web/20110812135128/http://blog.agriculture.ph/ludong-rps-most-expensive-fish.html
1668:
1653:
1545:
1469:
1253:
1244:
1191:
1004:
766:
169:
1578:
1536:
1453:
1298:
936:
816:
219:
and tributaries extending through the watersheds of
Cagayan Valley and the Santa-Abra River Systems of
1291:
1181:
909:
625:
https://web.archive.org/web/20100903213430/http://www.bar.gov.ph/bardigest/2008/julsep08_featstory.asp
2039:
1625:
1323:
1235:
1215:
995:
951:
925:
655:
https://web.archive.org/web/20110722023211/http://www.bar.gov.ph/barchronicle/2007/may_1-31_news7.asp
443:
185:
1696:
1206:
1569:
1304:
1271:
971:
757:
667:
630:
http://www.gmanews.tv/story/180608/cagayan-rivers-delectable-ludong-fish-on-the-brink-of-extinction
39:
1262:
2067:
1597:
1511:
879:
601:"Updates on Identification and Distribution of the River Mullet "Ludong" in Northern Philippines"
467:"Updates on Identification and Distribution of the River Mullet "Ludong" in Northern Philippines"
69:
1961:
2021:
1904:
1742:
1156:
1081:
889:
790:
539:
536:"BAR TODAY || Official Quarterly Publication of the Bureau of Agricultural Research"
2026:
1987:
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255:
506:
1056:
1031:
224:
1842:
1792:
1767:
1717:
1587:
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915:
718:
420:
259:
116:
54:
2056:
1982:
1606:
1419:
640:
http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=494243&publicationSubCategoryId=77
560:
429:
399:
236:
216:
136:
126:
59:
1817:
1410:
1225:
724:
690:
485:
419:
Hoese, D.; Ame, E.C.; Torres, A.G.; Kesner-Reyes, K. & Angeles, I.J.P. (2021).
240:
1909:
659:
1943:
1833:
1808:
1733:
1131:
854:
845:
781:
748:
295:
228:
1895:
1758:
1708:
1502:
1435:
1097:
1072:
986:
220:
212:
1783:
1560:
1527:
1360:
1147:
806:
738:
146:
86:
1917:
1889:
1394:
1385:
712:
573:
274:
because it was known as the favorite fish of former
Philippine President
232:
106:
1922:
1935:
1122:
1948:
1047:
870:
706:
96:
1866:
1335:
1172:
30:
254:, this fish is habituating in the deep pools of Addalem River in
2013:
244:
1870:
663:
306:
650:
http://www.agribusinessweek.com/is-it-the-end-for-ludong/
247:
as areas where the lobed river mullet may be found.
588:
ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/x2400e/x2400e02.pdf
1879:
1831:
1806:
1781:
1756:
1731:
1706:
1558:
1525:
1500:
1433:
1408:
1383:
1358:
1333:
1170:
1145:
1120:
1095:
1070:
1045:
984:
868:
843:
804:
779:
746:
737:
444:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T196419A162164358.en
231:, verifiable and reliable sources have listed
675:
215:mullet. While it is claimed to be endemic to
8:
1867:
743:
734:
682:
668:
660:
465:Escaño, Vanessa Mae (July–December 2022).
48:
29:
20:
442:
357:Learn how and when to remove this message
320:This article includes a list of general
411:
608:/ The Philippine Journal of Fisheries
7:
2063:IUCN Red List data deficient species
599:Escaño, Vanessa Mae C; et al.
474:The Philippine Journal of Fisheries
430:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
258:, and rapids of Didimpit in Lacab,
374:proving its declining population.
326:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
311:
73:
1:
486:10.31398/tpjf/29.2.2022A0003
2089:
1579:Eastern keelback mullet (
1207:Leaping African mullet (
733:
701:
175:
168:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
1014:Half fringelip mullet (
563:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
276:Ferdinand Edralin Marcos
1198:Broussonnet's mullet (
515:Fishing The Philippines
437:: e.T196419A162164358.
341:more precise citations.
2073:Fish described in 1836
1617:Klunzinger's mullet (
1546:Broad-mouthed mullet (
943:Thinlip grey mullet (
1635:Saint Lucia mullet (
577:. April 2024 version.
507:"Lobed River Mullet (
294:This elusive fish is
1881:Cestraeus plicatilis
1626:Largescale mullet (
1488:Speigler's mullet (
1470:Longfinned mullet (
1216:Flathead grey mullet
952:South African mullet
926:Thicklip grey mullet
890:Cape Verde mullet (
824:Cestraeus oxyrhyncus
567:Cestraeus plicatilis
509:Cestraeus plicatilis
423:Cestraeus plicatilis
201:Cestraeus plicatilis
179:Cestraeus plicatilis
1687:Greenback mullet (
1660:Gold-spot mullet (
1464:Osteomugil formosae
1314:Thoburn's mullet (
1254:Galapagos mullet (
1005:Fringelip mullet (
40:Conservation status
24:Lobed river mullet
1678:Tade gray mullet (
1654:Planiliza ordensis
1512:Largescaled mullet
1395:Acute-jawed mullet
1192:Mugil brevirostris
996:Bluetail mullet (
880:Golden grey mullet
830:Lobed river mullet
197:lobed river mullet
161:C. plicatilis
2050:
2049:
2022:Open Tree of Life
1873:Taxon identifiers
1864:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1743:Freshwater mullet
1669:Persian mullet (
1611:P. haematocheilus
1445:Longarm mullet (
1299:Mugil rubrioculus
1272:Parassi mullet (
1157:Yellowtail mullet
1082:Squaretail mullet
1023:Longfin mullet (
972:Striped mullet (
937:Chelon natalensis
817:Cestraeus goldiei
791:Yellow-eye mullet
696:
367:
366:
359:
284:Cestraeus goldiei
250:According to the
203:), also known as
193:
192:
63:
2080:
2043:
2042:
2030:
2029:
2017:
2016:
2004:
2003:
1991:
1990:
1978:
1977:
1965:
1964:
1952:
1951:
1939:
1938:
1926:
1925:
1913:
1912:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1868:
1646:P. mandapamensis
1644:Indian mullet (
1598:Keeled mullet (
1516:P. grandisquamis
1479:Robust mullet (
1370:Sicklefin mullet
1345:Sand grey mullet
1305:Liseta mullet (
1292:Mugil margaritae
1281:Lebranche mullet
1245:Redeye mullet (
1200:M. broussonnetii
1182:Banana mullet (
1107:Flat-tail mullet
1016:C. heterocheilos
910:Chelon caeruleus
899:Diassanga mullet
758:Comoro mullet (
744:
735:
694:
684:
677:
670:
661:
612:
611:
605:
596:
590:
585:
579:
578:
557:
551:
550:
548:
547:
538:. Archived from
532:
526:
525:
523:
521:
503:
497:
496:
494:
492:
471:
462:
456:
455:
453:
451:
446:
416:
362:
355:
351:
348:
342:
337:this article by
328:inline citations
315:
314:
307:
256:Aglipay, Quirino
181:
78:
77:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2038:
2033:
2025:
2020:
2012:
2007:
1999:
1994:
1986:
1981:
1973:
1968:
1960:
1955:
1947:
1942:
1934:
1929:
1921:
1916:
1908:
1903:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1875:
1865:
1852:
1827:
1802:
1777:
1752:
1727:
1702:
1554:
1537:Silver mullet (
1521:
1496:
1429:
1404:
1379:
1354:
1329:
1324:Mugil trichodon
1263:Hospe mullet (
1256:M. galapagensis
1247:M. gaimardianus
1236:Dwarf mullet (
1166:
1141:
1116:
1091:
1066:
1057:Mountain mullet
1041:
1032:Bluespot mullet
980:
974:C. tricuspidens
956:C. richardsonii
903:C. bandialensis
864:
859:C. proboscideus
839:
800:
775:
767:Fairy mullet (
729:
697:
688:
621:
616:
615:
603:
598:
597:
593:
586:
582:
559:
558:
554:
545:
543:
534:
533:
529:
519:
517:
505:
504:
500:
490:
488:
469:
464:
463:
459:
449:
447:
418:
417:
413:
408:
396:
363:
352:
346:
343:
333:Please help to
332:
316:
312:
305:
292:
268:
189:
183:
177:
164:
72:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
16:Species of fish
12:
11:
5:
2086:
2084:
2076:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2055:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2031:
2018:
2005:
1992:
1979:
1966:
1953:
1940:
1927:
1914:
1901:
1885:
1883:
1877:
1876:
1871:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1850:
1843:Pinkeye mullet
1839:
1837:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1814:
1812:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1793:Burmese mullet
1789:
1787:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1764:
1762:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1739:
1737:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1725:
1718:Hornlip mullet
1714:
1712:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1697:Planiliza tade
1693:
1684:
1675:
1666:
1657:
1650:
1641:
1637:P. melinoptera
1632:
1623:
1619:P. klunzingeri
1614:
1604:
1595:
1588:Diamond mullet
1585:
1576:
1566:
1564:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1543:
1533:
1531:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1508:
1506:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1494:
1485:
1476:
1467:
1460:
1451:
1441:
1439:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1416:
1414:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1391:
1389:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1374:N. falcipinnis
1366:
1364:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1341:
1339:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1320:
1311:
1302:
1295:
1288:
1278:
1269:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1233:
1223:
1213:
1204:
1195:
1188:
1178:
1176:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1153:
1151:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1139:
1128:
1126:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1114:
1103:
1101:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1089:
1078:
1076:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1064:
1053:
1051:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1039:
1029:
1020:
1011:
1002:
992:
990:
982:
981:
979:
978:
969:
962:Leaping mullet
959:
949:
940:
933:
923:
916:Grooved mullet
913:
906:
896:
887:
876:
874:
866:
865:
863:
862:
855:Snouted mullet
851:
849:
841:
840:
838:
837:
827:
820:
812:
810:
802:
801:
799:
798:
787:
785:
777:
776:
774:
773:
764:
754:
752:
741:
731:
730:
728:
727:
721:
719:Actinopterygii
715:
709:
702:
699:
698:
689:
687:
686:
679:
672:
664:
658:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
620:
619:External links
617:
614:
613:
591:
580:
561:Froese, Rainer
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395:
392:
365:
364:
319:
317:
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301:
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288:
267:
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260:Jones, Isabela
191:
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165:
158:
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152:
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139:
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129:
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120:
119:
117:Actinopterygii
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
55:Data Deficient
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2085:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2041:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1906:
1902:
1897:
1891:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1874:
1869:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1798:
1797:S. hamiltonii
1794:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1723:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1689:P. subviridis
1685:
1683:
1681:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1628:P. macrolepis
1624:
1622:
1620:
1615:
1612:
1608:
1607:So-iuy mullet
1605:
1603:
1601:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1570:Abu mullet (
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1551:
1549:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1517:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1493:
1491:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1425:
1421:
1420:Boxlip mullet
1418:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1400:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1252:
1250:
1248:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1184:M. bananensis
1180:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1144:
1137:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1094:
1087:
1086:E. vaigiensis
1083:
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1079:
1077:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1062:
1058:
1055:
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1037:
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1028:
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1021:
1019:
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1007:C. crenilabis
1003:
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983:
977:
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927:
924:
921:
917:
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895:
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892:C. bispinosus
888:
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875:
873:
872:
867:
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850:
848:
847:
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835:
834:C. plicatilis
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542:on 2010-09-03
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217:Cagayan River
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56:
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27:
22:
19:
1880:
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1832:
1821:
1818:Shark mullet
1807:
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1707:
1695:
1688:
1680:P. planiceps
1679:
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1610:
1599:
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1526:
1515:
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1490:O. speigleri
1489:
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1471:
1462:
1455:
1447:O. cunnesius
1446:
1434:
1423:
1411:Oedalechilus
1409:
1399:N. leuciscus
1398:
1384:
1373:
1359:
1349:M. elongatus
1348:
1334:
1322:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1290:
1284:
1273:
1264:
1255:
1246:
1238:M. curvidens
1237:
1229:
1226:White mullet
1219:
1208:
1199:
1190:
1183:
1171:
1160:
1146:
1135:
1121:
1111:G. argenteus
1110:
1096:
1085:
1071:
1061:D. monticola
1060:
1046:
1035:
1024:
1015:
1006:
998:C. buchanani
997:
985:
973:
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944:
935:
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844:
833:
829:
822:
815:
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780:
769:A. telfairii
768:
759:
747:
725:Mugiliformes
691:Mugiliformes
607:
594:
583:
572:
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555:
544:. Retrieved
540:the original
530:
518:. Retrieved
514:
508:
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489:. Retrieved
477:
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448:. Retrieved
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368:
353:
344:
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303:Conservation
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290:Reproduction
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269:
249:
241:New Hebrides
208:
204:
200:
196:
194:
178:
176:
160:
159:
147:
127:Mugiliformes
18:
1944:iNaturalist
1834:Trachystoma
1809:Squalomugil
1747:P. capensis
1734:Pseudomyxus
1722:P. labiosus
1671:P. persicus
1600:P. carinata
1548:P. parmatus
1481:O. robustus
1316:M. thoburni
1220:M. cephalus
1209:M. capurrii
1161:M. cascasia
1136:J. pichardi
1132:Bobo mullet
1025:C. pedaraki
930:C. labrosus
920:C. dumerili
846:Chaenomugil
795:A. forsteri
782:Aldrichetta
749:Agonostomus
491:15 November
339:introducing
296:catadromous
266:Description
229:Philippines
2057:Categories
1847:T. petardi
1822:S. nasutus
1772:R. corsula
1759:Rhinomugil
1709:Plicomugil
1581:P. affinis
1539:P. georgii
1503:Parachelon
1472:O. perusii
1436:Osteomugil
1307:M. setosus
1274:M. incilis
1098:Gracimugil
1073:Ellochelon
987:Crenimugil
966:C. saliens
884:C. auratus
760:A. catalai
546:2010-09-04
406:References
322:references
221:Ilocos Sur
213:freshwater
2068:Mugilidae
1784:Sicamugil
1662:P. parsia
1561:Planiliza
1528:Paramugil
1456:O. engeli
1361:Neochelon
1265:M. hospes
1230:M. curema
1148:Minimugil
1036:C. seheli
945:C. ramada
807:Cestraeus
739:Mugilidae
695:(Mullets)
155:Species:
148:Cestraeus
137:Mugilidae
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
1962:10953604
1918:FishBase
1896:Q1843661
1890:Wikidata
1592:P. alata
1454:Kanda (
1424:O. labeo
1386:Neomyxus
713:Chordata
707:Animalia
705:Kingdom
693:species
574:FishBase
450:27 April
394:See also
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
2027:3642045
2001:1515628
1936:5212576
1768:Corsula
1285:M. liza
1123:Joturus
711:Phylum
520:25 July
335:improve
233:Celebes
227:in the
211:, is a
186:MacLeay
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
2040:280090
2014:280090
1988:196419
1975:630317
1949:187215
1572:P. abu
1048:Dajaus
871:Chelon
723:Order
717:Class
324:, but
243:, and
205:ludong
188:, 1883
2035:WoRMS
1957:IRMNG
1923:15286
1336:Myxus
1173:Mugil
604:(PDF)
480:(2).
470:(PDF)
209:banak
2009:OBIS
1996:NCBI
1983:IUCN
1970:ITIS
1931:GBIF
1910:T5GT
522:2020
493:2022
452:2024
435:2021
252:BFAR
245:Fiji
225:Abra
223:and
195:The
1905:CoL
482:doi
439:doi
278:.
207:or
2059::
2037::
2024::
2011::
1998::
1985::
1972::
1959::
1946::
1933::
1920::
1907::
1892::
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511:)"
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