399:, which have a rounded posterior margin. The outer posterior corner of each nostril forms a visible lobe. Between the nostrils is a skirt-shaped curtain of skin with a fringed trailing margin; the front corners of the curtain are enlarged into distinctive, semicircular lobes. The mouth is small and contains 9–10 papillae (nipple-like structures) on the floor; a handful of papillae are also found on the lower jaw. The small teeth have roughly oval bases. The five pairs of
66:
41:
423:. This species is yellowish brown above, becoming slightly lighter at the lateral margins of the side, and white below; some individuals have irregular blotches and/or a dark stripe along the dorsal midline of the tail. The caudal fin becomes dark towards the tip. Males and females can grow up to 24 cm (9.4 in) and 27 cm (11 in) across respectively.
463:. Rays smaller than 19 cm (7.5 in) across take relatively more mysids, amphipods, and cumaceans, while larger rays take more shrimps and fishes, and have a more diverse diet overall. Its dietary composition also shifts seasonally, mostly reflecting the greater availability of shrimp in summer and fall and cumaceans in winter and spring. A known
518:
called "trophonemata", which grow into the mouth, gills, and spiracles of the embryo. The disc and tail of the embryo are folded to hug the sting next to the body. Birthing occurs in late
October or early November, with the newborns measuring around 11 cm (4.3 in) across. Females grow more
555:
in the northern part of its range. It usually survives to be released alive, though stingarees have a tendency to abort their young upon capture. As the number of vessels that catch this species is small, and it faces no other significant conservation threats within its range, the
394:
disc much wider than long, with nearly straight leading margins. The snout is fleshy and forms an obtuse angle; the tip may protrude slightly past the disc. The medium-sized eyes are followed by teardrop-shaped
410:
The tail is slender and very flattened, measuring 87–100% as long as the disc and bearing a prominent horizontal skin fold on either side. There is a dorsally positioned, serrated stinging spine near the
312:. Though it generally survives the experience, it has a tendency to abort its young when captures. However, this species is not greatly affected by human activity overall, and it has been listed under
382:
to a depth of 30 m (98 ft). In the southern portion of its range, it tends to be found relatively far from shore. Individuals of different ages and sexes are not segregated from each other.
752:
Platell, M.E. & I.C. Potter (15 June 2001). "Partitioning of food resources amongst 18 abundant benthic carnivorous fish species in marine waters on the lower west coast of
Australia".
254:
disc. It is characterized by an enlarged, semicircular skin lobe of unknown function on the inner rim of each nostril. Its tail is slender, with lateral skin folds and a lance-like
660:
Platell, M.E.; I.C. Potter & K.R. Clarke (1998). "Resource partitioning by four species of elasmobranchs (Batoidea: Urolophidae) in coastal waters of temperate
Australia".
523:
is reached by males at around 16 cm (6.3 in) across and two years of age, and by females at around 20 cm (7.9 in) across and three years of age. The
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lasts ten months; although up to six eggs may be fertilized, usually only a single pup (rarely two) develops to term. The embryo is initially nourished by an external
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Among the most abundant representatives of its family within its range, the lobed stingaree is found along a short stretch of the southwest
Australian coast from
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564:. It would potentially benefit from the implementation of the 2004 Australian National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks.
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514:. By six months of age, the mother begins to deliver nutrient-rich histotroph ("uterine milk") through thread-like extensions of the uterine
510:; by five months of age, the embryo measures 5.4 cm (2.1 in) across and has transferred most of the remaining yolk into its
736:
636:
McKay, R.J. (1966). "Studies on
Western Australian sharks and rays of the families Scyliorhinidae, Urolophidae and Torpedinidae".
1075:
818:
White, W.T.; M.E. Platell & I.C. Potter (2001). "Relationship between reproductive biology and age composition and growth in
1128:
1002:
363:
919:
906:
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Last, P.R. & L.J.V. Compagno (1999). "Myliobatiformes: Urolophidae". In
Carpenter, K.E. & V.H. Niem (eds.).
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65:
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FAO identification guide for fishery purposes: The living marine resources of the
Western Central Pacific
924:
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791:(Cestoda : Tetraphyllidea : Onchobothriidae) parasitic in Australian elasmobranch fishes".
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are nourished by maternally produced histotroph ("uterine milk") after they exhaust their supply of
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731:. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. pp. 1469–1476.
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292:, with females typically bearing a single pup every October or November after a
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451:, which are captured on or just above the bottom. This species also feeds on
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Almost 90% of the food volume consumed by the lobed stingaree consists of
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was collected from a depth of 31–33 m (102–108 ft) northeast of
304:. In the northern portion of its range, the lobed stingaree is frequently
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250:. This species is plain sandy in colour above and has a broad, rounded
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706:(second ed.). Harvard University Press. p. 419–420.
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from mid-November and mid-January, implying that the females store
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262:. The maximum recorded width is 27 cm (11 in).
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is 12 and 14 years for males and females respectively.
415:, which is long, narrow, and leaf-shaped. There is no
787:
Campbell, R.R. & I. Beveridge (2002). "The genus
475:. The function of its unique nasal lobes is unknown.
335:
described the lobed stingaree in a 1966 issue of the
881:
754:Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology
697:
695:
693:
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638:Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia
519:slowly and to a larger ultimate size than males.
486:, on the left, and an annual reproductive cycle.
337:Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia
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653:
651:
615:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T60097A68649676.en
560:(IUCN) has assessed the lobed stingaree as of
558:International Union for Conservation of Nature
318:International Union for Conservation of Nature
478:Like other stingrays, the lobed stingaree is
8:
346:in reference to its unique nasal lobes. The
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39:
20:
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498:internally for 1–3 months before
276:, and to a much lesser extent on small
702:Last, P.R. & J.D. Stevens (2009).
272:, the lobed stingaree feeds mostly on
7:
1104:IUCN Red List least concern species
601:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
490:occurs in November and October and
482:. Females have a single functional
390:The lobed stingaree has a rounded
14:
1114:Marine fish of Southern Australia
1119:Marine fish of Western Australia
590:Kyne, P.M.; White, W.T. (2019).
64:
374:species favors sandy flats and
1:
1124:Taxa named by Roland J. McKay
766:10.1016/s0022-0981(01)00257-x
535:The lobed stingaree is often
16:Species of cartilaginous fish
704:Sharks and Rays of Australia
861:Fishes of Australia :
1145:
822:(Batoidea: Urolophidae)".
419:. The skin entirely lacks
296:of ten months. Developing
186:
179:
61:Scientific classification
59:
37:
28:
23:
793:Invertebrate Systematics
358:Distribution and habitat
407:are small and rounded.
354:off Western Australia.
1129:Fish described in 1966
844:10.1007/s002270000436
682:10.1007/s002270050363
608:: e.T60097A68649676.
480:aplacental viviparous
467:of this species is a
290:aplacental viviparous
836:2001MarBi.138..135W
674:1998MarBi.131..719P
537:caught incidentally
427:Biology and ecology
306:caught incidentally
31:Conservation status
531:Human interactions
1091:
1090:
1063:Open Tree of Life
912:Urolophus_lobatus
883:Urolophus lobatus
875:Taxon identifiers
863:Urolophus lobatus
820:Urolophus lobatus
713:978-0-674-03411-2
594:Urolophus lobatus
237:Western Australia
213:Urolophus lobatus
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190:Urolophus lobatus
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435:, in particular
421:dermal denticles
341:specific epithet
339:, giving it the
294:gestation period
282:polychaete worms
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24:Lobed stingaree
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521:Sexual maturity
512:digestive tract
473:Acanthobothrium
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403:are short. The
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380:intertidal zone
378:beds, from the
372:bottom-dwelling
368:Rottnest Island
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352:Rottnest Island
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208:lobed stingaree
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172:U. lobatus
138:Myliobatiformes
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855:External links
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830:(1): 135–147.
824:Marine Biology
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799:(2): 237–344.
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619:. Retrieved
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392:pectoral fin
389:
361:
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336:
333:Roland McKay
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252:pectoral fin
239:in shallow,
235:to southern
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124:Superorder:
18:
972:iNaturalist
644:(3): 65–82.
621:15 November
457:bony fishes
433:crustaceans
405:pelvic fins
386:Description
328:Australian
278:bony fishes
274:crustaceans
229:Urolophidae
148:Urolophidae
1098:Categories
568:References
543:and prawn
516:epithelium
453:polychaete
417:dorsal fin
413:caudal fin
401:gill slits
260:dorsal fin
256:caudal fin
114:Subclass:
1109:Urolophus
492:ovulation
449:cumaceans
441:amphipods
397:spiracles
364:Esperance
243:sand and
166:Species:
159:Urolophus
84:Kingdom:
78:Eukaryota
990:10766629
946:FishBase
898:Q3282049
892:Wikidata
774:11438104
553:Mandurah
545:trawlers
508:yolk sac
469:tapeworm
465:parasite
461:molluscs
376:seagrass
324:Taxonomy
320:(IUCN).
310:trawlers
288:. It is
286:molluscs
270:predator
248:habitats
245:seagrass
222:stingray
144:Family:
128:Batoidea
98:Chordata
94:Phylum:
88:Animalia
74:Domain:
51:IUCN 3.1
964:2419385
832:Bibcode
670:Bibcode
541:scallop
445:shrimps
370:. This
344:lobatus
316:by the
298:embryos
267:benthic
258:but no
241:inshore
233:endemic
224:in the
218:species
154:Genus:
134:Order:
104:Class:
49: (
1081:283103
1068:546882
1055:283103
1042:907351
1029:495891
1003:564429
977:114798
772:
735:
710:
502:. The
488:Mating
484:uterus
447:, and
437:mysids
284:, and
226:family
199:, 1966
1076:WoRMS
1016:60097
985:IRMNG
951:23999
938:7DW7X
925:72599
549:Perth
496:sperm
197:McKay
1050:OBIS
1024:NCBI
1011:IUCN
998:ITIS
959:GBIF
920:BOLD
770:PMID
733:ISBN
708:ISBN
623:2021
606:2019
551:and
302:yolk
206:The
933:CoL
907:AFD
840:doi
828:138
801:doi
762:doi
758:261
678:doi
666:131
610:doi
539:by
366:to
308:by
220:of
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797:16
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690:^
676:.
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650:^
642:49
640:.
604:.
598:.
576:^
443:,
439:,
280:,
265:A
231:,
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210:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
