Knowledge (XXG)

Lokoya language

Source 📝

225:. Of these languages, Lotuko is most similar to Lokoya, with a comparative study showing 64.5% lexical similarity between the two. The same study showed 57.4% lexical similarity between Lokoya and Lopit, and 56.5% similarity between Lokoya and Dongotono. In the early literature on Lokoya and related languages, there was a great deal of confusion over the name of the language and people, and whether different names referred to the same group or a different group. For example, Ohoriok was initially believed to be a distinct group to the Lokoya, but accounts elsewhere state that this was in fact a name that was used in earlier times, and the name Lokoya, derived from a nickname used by the Bari, displaced the name Ohoriok. 1012: 245:. The Lokoya areas involves many number of different villages; in the west, these include Ngulere, Liria, Langabu, Ngangala, and Ilyangari, and in the east, the Lokoya villages are Lobuhi, Pura, Losok, Lohira, Lohilo, Ohwa, Hojobi, Oyata. There are an estimated 12,400 speakers of the language, and the language is considered threatened. It is noted that there are no monolinguals, and that 10% of Lokoya speakers also speak Lotuko. However, the number of Lokoya people may be as many as 30,000. 651:
it is contrastive. /k/ is usually replaced by between vowels but may also be replaced by or . However, in certain environments /k/ is retained. The glottal stop /ʔ/ occurs word-finally only. The approximants /l/ and /r/ are not found word-initially in any of Vossen's Lokoya examples, and the glides /wː/ and /jː/ are only found word-medially.
253:
There has been very little research on Lokoya, but some tentative phonological and morphological observations can be found in Vossen (1982), based on wordlist data collected in the 1970s. Vossen notes that the data are too limited to draw any safe conclusions. He observed that the phoneme inventories
836:
Vossen states that for all the non-Bari languages, including Lokoya, the verbs fall into two morphological classes, conventionally called Class 1 and Class 2. In Lokoya, it appears that Class 2 verbs have a stem with an initial mid-front vowel /e-/ or /ɛ-/, and Class 1 verb stems have an initial low
650:
The voiced palatal stop /ɟ/ is described as implosive (/ʄ/). Vossen also notes that /b/ is interchangeable with implosive , and /d/ is interchangeable with implosive . In Lokoya, /p/ is replaced by or between vowels. Medial geminate /pː/ has been observed in a few instances but it is not clear if
205:. Within Eastern Nilotic, Lokoya is considered part of the Lotuko language group, in the Lotuko-Maa branch of Teso-Lotuko-Maa (also referred to as the non-Bari languages). Other members of the Lotuko language group include 851:
Some example Lokoya words are given below, from the wordlist in Vossen (1982). Each Lokoya word is in the phonetic transcription used by Vossen, as there is not yet an established orthography for the language.
254:
of Lokoya, Dongotono and Lopit were similar enough to be treated together, and provided a consonant inventory for all three languages together, represented in the table below.
1513: 1241: 821:
Vossen observes that on the surface there are four tones in Lokoya: High, Low, Mid, and High-Falling. They appear to be used for both lexical and grammatical contrasts.
813:
Vossen finds no examples of vowel length being contrastive in Lokoya. He observes that vowel harmony plays an important role, but does not describe the process.
193:. It is also referred to by various other names, including Ellyria, Koyo, Loirya, Ohoromok, Lokoiya, Lokoja, Loquia, Lowoi, Oirya, Owoi, and Oxoriok. 1506: 1234: 714: 620: 590: 840:
Number-marking on nouns appears to be extremely irregular. A variety of suffixes are used to indicate singular, singulative, and plural.
536: 2537: 1758: 1545: 1499: 728: 660: 82: 2542: 1227: 742: 483: 769: 810:
However, Vossen notes that no different symbols were used for /a/ and /a/ "as they cannot be distinguished phonetically".
2401: 2130: 1395: 751: 495: 472: 218: 201:
Lokoya has been classified as a member of the Eastern Nilotic branch of Nilotic, in the Eastern Sudanic sub-grouping of
1071: 1320: 1305: 1285: 778: 707: 2079: 98: 2360: 1300: 801: 794: 638: 607: 440: 363: 2196: 2042: 1522: 507: 398: 186: 93: 76: 1250: 1122: 721: 379: 2346: 2317: 1870: 412: 370: 1984: 1654: 1532: 1011: 405: 70: 2287: 1659: 1614: 1315: 581: 566: 386: 327: 314: 272: 1097: 843:
Like other languages in the Lotuko group, Lokoya has two grammatical genders, masculine and feminine.
2251: 1989: 1911: 1632: 419: 336: 1445: 2087: 1974: 1601: 1475: 830: 659:
According to Vossen, Lokoya has two sets of five vowels, distinguished by the phonological feature
464: 837:
vowel /a-/. A number of possible verbal affixes were observed but their functions not determined.
2386: 2369: 2125: 2107: 1725: 1580: 1345: 1330: 345: 282: 214: 2466: 2414: 2029: 2003: 1810: 1370: 521: 297: 287: 88: 2486: 2419: 2266: 2261: 2175: 2102: 1946: 1903: 1841: 1774: 1720: 1702: 1637: 1627: 1561: 1455: 1415: 1335: 1290: 1264: 551: 277: 267: 2491: 2424: 2391: 2378: 2333: 2180: 2163: 2097: 2067: 1979: 1916: 1893: 1856: 1851: 1789: 1730: 1712: 1697: 1689: 1649: 1643: 1595: 1574: 1470: 1465: 1410: 1390: 1375: 1280: 736: 305: 292: 206: 62: 2518: 2450: 2434: 2429: 2409: 2341: 2297: 2292: 2271: 2246: 2211: 2169: 2145: 2140: 1968: 1951: 1931: 1846: 1836: 1815: 1805: 1590: 1585: 1480: 1435: 1425: 1405: 1380: 1355: 1340: 1325: 1295: 761: 356: 210: 113: 108: 173: 2531: 2312: 2302: 2231: 2221: 2216: 2155: 2092: 2057: 1921: 1888: 1883: 1878: 1820: 1735: 1679: 1622: 1460: 1450: 1440: 1430: 1420: 1350: 1310: 234: 103: 2256: 2062: 1385: 1365: 427: 202: 1360: 701: 671: 242: 222: 190: 35: 1004: 786: 676: 999: 1491: 166: 150: 1219: 157: 2307: 238: 2026: 1756: 1543: 1495: 1223: 1210:
The Eastern Nilotes: Linguistic and Historical Reconstructions
1195:
The Eastern Nilotes: Linguistic and Historical Reconstructions
1180:
The Eastern Nilotes: Linguistic and Historical Reconstructions
1165:
The Eastern Nilotes: Linguistic and Historical Reconstructions
1150:
The Eastern Nilotes: Linguistic and Historical Reconstructions
1057:
The Eastern Nilotes: Linguistic and Historical Reconstructions
1042:
The Eastern Nilotes: Linguistic and Historical Reconstructions
1027:
The Eastern Nilotes: Linguistic and Historical Reconstructions
833:, as is typical for most Eastern Nilotic languages. 237:, who live in the hilly terrain and valleys east of 2479: 2459: 2443: 2400: 2377: 2368: 2359: 2332: 2280: 2239: 2230: 2204: 2195: 2154: 2118: 2078: 2050: 2041: 2002: 1960: 1939: 1930: 1902: 1869: 1829: 1798: 1782: 1773: 1711: 1688: 1672: 1613: 1560: 1273: 1257: 1212:. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag. pp. 213–219. 1152:. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag. pp. 189–192. 1059:. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag. pp. 166–167. 164: 148: 143: 59: 49: 41: 31: 21: 189:language spoken by an estimated 85,000 people in 1197:. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag. p. 193. 1182:. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag. p. 193. 1167:. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag. p. 192. 1044:. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag. p. 111. 1507: 1235: 8: 2374: 2365: 2236: 2201: 2047: 2038: 2023: 1936: 1779: 1770: 1753: 1566: 1557: 1540: 1514: 1500: 1492: 1242: 1228: 1220: 18: 663:(). These are listed in the table below. 1072:"A brief history of the Lokoya of Sudan" 854: 665: 261: 985: 16:Eastern Nilotic language of South Sudan 995: 993: 991: 989: 233:The Lokoya language is spoken by the 221:, all spoken in nearby regions of in 7: 829:Word order in Lokoya is generally 14: 1029:. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag. 800: 793: 777: 768: 750: 741: 727: 720: 713: 706: 637: 619: 606: 589: 565: 535: 506: 494: 482: 471: 439: 426: 418: 411: 404: 397: 385: 378: 369: 362: 344: 335: 326: 313: 1010: 1: 1533:Nilo-Saharan language family 2559: 1096:Lomodong, Anthony (2006). 1070:Lomodong, Anthony (2006). 343: 341: 334: 332: 325: 323: 312: 310: 2538:Eastern Nilotic languages 2512: 2037: 2022: 1769: 1752: 1569: 1556: 1539: 1529: 1523:Eastern Sudanic languages 790: 675: 670: 668: 644: 632: 630: 628: 626: 612: 601: 599: 597: 595: 579: 575: 573: 571: 560: 558: 556: 545: 543: 541: 530: 528: 526: 515: 502: 491: 458: 456: 454: 452: 450: 448: 375: 354: 350: 321: 319: 296: 291: 286: 281: 276: 271: 266: 45:Nguleretanani, Oyira, Owe 26: 2543:Languages of South Sudan 2009:Large group listed below 1251:Languages of South Sudan 1208:Vossen, Rainer (1982). 1193:Vossen, Rainer (1982). 1178:Vossen, Rainer (1982). 1163:Vossen, Rainer (1982). 1148:Vossen, Rainer (1982). 1055:Vossen, Rainer (1982). 1040:Vossen, Rainer (1982). 1025:Vossen, Rainer (1982). 229:Geographic distribution 1531:Part of the proposed 1274:Indigenous languages 661:Advanced Tongue Root 2131:Lango (South Sudan) 831:Verb-Subject-Object 1098:"Lokoya territory" 55:85,000 (2017) 2525: 2524: 2519:extinct languages 2508: 2507: 2504: 2503: 2500: 2499: 2475: 2474: 2355: 2354: 2328: 2327: 2191: 2190: 2030:Nilotic languages 2018: 2017: 2014: 2013: 1998: 1997: 1865: 1864: 1748: 1747: 1744: 1743: 1668: 1667: 1489: 1488: 1258:Official language 1008:(25th ed., 2022) 977: 976: 808: 807: 696: 692: 688: 684: 648: 647: 584: 554: 524: 467: 359: 308: 180: 179: 2550: 2375: 2366: 2237: 2202: 2048: 2039: 2032: 2024: 1937: 1780: 1771: 1754: 1567: 1558: 1541: 1516: 1509: 1502: 1493: 1244: 1237: 1230: 1221: 1214: 1213: 1205: 1199: 1198: 1190: 1184: 1183: 1175: 1169: 1168: 1160: 1154: 1153: 1145: 1139: 1138: 1136: 1134: 1119: 1113: 1112: 1110: 1108: 1093: 1087: 1086: 1084: 1082: 1067: 1061: 1060: 1052: 1046: 1045: 1037: 1031: 1030: 1022: 1016: 1015: 1014: 997: 855: 804: 797: 781: 772: 754: 745: 731: 724: 717: 710: 695: 691: 687: 683: 666: 641: 623: 610: 593: 580: 569: 550: 539: 520: 510: 498: 486: 475: 463: 443: 430: 422: 415: 408: 401: 389: 382: 373: 366: 355: 348: 339: 330: 317: 304: 262: 176: 160: 153: 83:Southern Eastern 65: 19: 2558: 2557: 2553: 2552: 2551: 2549: 2548: 2547: 2528: 2527: 2526: 2521: 2496: 2471: 2455: 2439: 2396: 2351: 2324: 2276: 2226: 2187: 2150: 2114: 2074: 2033: 2028: 2010: 1994: 1956: 1926: 1898: 1861: 1825: 1794: 1765: 1740: 1707: 1684: 1664: 1609: 1552: 1535: 1525: 1520: 1490: 1485: 1269: 1253: 1248: 1218: 1217: 1207: 1206: 1202: 1192: 1191: 1187: 1177: 1176: 1172: 1162: 1161: 1157: 1147: 1146: 1142: 1132: 1130: 1121: 1120: 1116: 1106: 1104: 1102:Lokoya of Sudan 1095: 1094: 1090: 1080: 1078: 1076:Lokoya of Sudan 1069: 1068: 1064: 1054: 1053: 1049: 1039: 1038: 1034: 1024: 1023: 1019: 1009: 998: 987: 982: 849: 827: 819: 657: 260: 251: 231: 199: 187:Eastern Nilotic 172: 156: 149: 139: 77:Eastern Sudanic 66: 63:Language family 61: 52: 51:Native speakers 17: 12: 11: 5: 2556: 2554: 2546: 2545: 2540: 2530: 2529: 2523: 2522: 2513: 2510: 2509: 2506: 2505: 2502: 2501: 2498: 2497: 2495: 2494: 2489: 2483: 2481: 2480:Omotik–Datooga 2477: 2476: 2473: 2472: 2470: 2469: 2463: 2461: 2457: 2456: 2454: 2453: 2447: 2445: 2441: 2440: 2438: 2437: 2432: 2427: 2422: 2417: 2412: 2406: 2404: 2402:Nandi–Markweta 2398: 2397: 2395: 2394: 2389: 2383: 2381: 2372: 2363: 2357: 2356: 2353: 2352: 2350: 2349: 2347:Southern Burun 2344: 2342:Northern Burun 2338: 2336: 2330: 2329: 2326: 2325: 2323: 2322: 2321: 2320: 2318:Lango (Uganda) 2315: 2310: 2305: 2300: 2295: 2284: 2282: 2278: 2277: 2275: 2274: 2269: 2264: 2259: 2254: 2249: 2243: 2241: 2234: 2228: 2227: 2225: 2224: 2219: 2214: 2208: 2206: 2199: 2193: 2192: 2189: 2188: 2186: 2185: 2184: 2183: 2173: 2166: 2160: 2158: 2152: 2151: 2149: 2148: 2143: 2138: 2133: 2128: 2122: 2120: 2116: 2115: 2113: 2112: 2111: 2110: 2100: 2095: 2090: 2084: 2082: 2076: 2075: 2073: 2072: 2071: 2070: 2065: 2054: 2052: 2045: 2035: 2034: 2027: 2020: 2019: 2016: 2015: 2012: 2011: 2008: 2006: 2000: 1999: 1996: 1995: 1993: 1992: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1964: 1962: 1958: 1957: 1955: 1954: 1949: 1943: 1941: 1934: 1928: 1927: 1925: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1908: 1906: 1900: 1899: 1897: 1896: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1875: 1873: 1867: 1866: 1863: 1862: 1860: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1833: 1831: 1827: 1826: 1824: 1823: 1818: 1813: 1808: 1802: 1800: 1796: 1795: 1793: 1792: 1786: 1784: 1777: 1767: 1766: 1757: 1750: 1749: 1746: 1745: 1742: 1741: 1739: 1738: 1733: 1728: 1723: 1717: 1715: 1709: 1708: 1706: 1705: 1700: 1694: 1692: 1686: 1685: 1683: 1682: 1676: 1674: 1670: 1669: 1666: 1665: 1663: 1662: 1657: 1652: 1647: 1640: 1635: 1630: 1625: 1619: 1617: 1611: 1610: 1608: 1607: 1606: 1605: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1570: 1564: 1554: 1553: 1544: 1537: 1536: 1530: 1527: 1526: 1521: 1519: 1518: 1511: 1504: 1496: 1487: 1486: 1484: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1423: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1298: 1293: 1288: 1283: 1277: 1275: 1271: 1270: 1268: 1267: 1261: 1259: 1255: 1254: 1249: 1247: 1246: 1239: 1232: 1224: 1216: 1215: 1200: 1185: 1170: 1155: 1140: 1114: 1088: 1062: 1047: 1032: 1017: 984: 983: 981: 978: 975: 974: 971: 967: 966: 963: 959: 958: 955: 951: 950: 947: 943: 942: 939: 935: 934: 931: 927: 926: 923: 919: 918: 915: 911: 910: 907: 903: 902: 899: 895: 894: 891: 887: 886: 883: 879: 878: 875: 871: 870: 867: 863: 862: 859: 848: 845: 826: 823: 818: 815: 806: 805: 798: 791: 789: 783: 782: 775: 773: 766: 764: 758: 757: 755: 748: 746: 739: 733: 732: 725: 718: 711: 704: 698: 697: 693: 689: 685: 680: 679: 674: 669: 656: 653: 646: 645: 643: 635: 633: 631: 629: 627: 625: 617: 614: 613: 611: 604: 602: 600: 598: 596: 594: 587: 585: 577: 576: 574: 572: 570: 563: 561: 559: 557: 555: 547: 546: 544: 542: 540: 533: 531: 529: 527: 525: 517: 516: 514: 512: 503: 501: 499: 492: 490: 488: 479: 477: 468: 460: 459: 457: 455: 453: 451: 449: 447: 445: 435: 434: 432: 423: 416: 409: 402: 395: 393: 390: 383: 376: 374: 367: 360: 352: 351: 349: 342: 340: 333: 331: 324: 322: 320: 318: 311: 309: 301: 300: 295: 290: 285: 280: 275: 270: 265: 259: 256: 250: 247: 230: 227: 198: 197:Classification 195: 178: 177: 170: 162: 161: 154: 146: 145: 144:Language codes 141: 140: 138: 137: 136: 135: 134: 133: 132: 131: 130: 129: 128: 127: 126: 125: 124: 123: 122: 121: 69: 67: 60: 57: 56: 53: 50: 47: 46: 43: 39: 38: 33: 32:Native to 29: 28: 24: 23: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2555: 2544: 2541: 2539: 2536: 2535: 2533: 2520: 2516: 2511: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2485: 2484: 2482: 2478: 2468: 2465: 2464: 2462: 2458: 2452: 2449: 2448: 2446: 2442: 2436: 2433: 2431: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2407: 2405: 2403: 2399: 2393: 2390: 2388: 2385: 2384: 2382: 2380: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2358: 2348: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2331: 2319: 2316: 2314: 2311: 2309: 2306: 2304: 2301: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2291: 2290: 2289: 2286: 2285: 2283: 2279: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2248: 2245: 2244: 2242: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2229: 2223: 2220: 2218: 2215: 2213: 2210: 2209: 2207: 2203: 2200: 2198: 2194: 2182: 2179: 2178: 2177: 2174: 2172: 2171: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2161: 2159: 2157: 2153: 2147: 2144: 2142: 2139: 2137: 2134: 2132: 2129: 2127: 2124: 2123: 2121: 2117: 2109: 2106: 2105: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2094: 2091: 2089: 2086: 2085: 2083: 2081: 2077: 2069: 2066: 2064: 2061: 2060: 2059: 2056: 2055: 2053: 2049: 2046: 2044: 2040: 2036: 2031: 2025: 2021: 2007: 2005: 2001: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1970: 1966: 1965: 1963: 1959: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1944: 1942: 1938: 1935: 1933: 1929: 1923: 1920: 1918: 1915: 1913: 1910: 1909: 1907: 1905: 1901: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1876: 1874: 1872: 1871:Eastern Jebel 1868: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1834: 1832: 1828: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1803: 1801: 1797: 1791: 1788: 1787: 1785: 1781: 1778: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1762: 1755: 1751: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1727: 1724: 1722: 1719: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1710: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1695: 1693: 1691: 1687: 1681: 1678: 1677: 1675: 1671: 1661: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1651: 1648: 1646: 1645: 1641: 1639: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1629: 1626: 1624: 1621: 1620: 1618: 1616: 1612: 1604: 1603: 1599: 1598: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1576: 1572: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1549: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1528: 1524: 1517: 1512: 1510: 1505: 1503: 1498: 1497: 1494: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1422: 1419: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1278: 1276: 1272: 1266: 1263: 1262: 1260: 1256: 1252: 1245: 1240: 1238: 1233: 1231: 1226: 1225: 1222: 1211: 1204: 1201: 1196: 1189: 1186: 1181: 1174: 1171: 1166: 1159: 1156: 1151: 1144: 1141: 1128: 1124: 1118: 1115: 1103: 1099: 1092: 1089: 1077: 1073: 1066: 1063: 1058: 1051: 1048: 1043: 1036: 1033: 1028: 1021: 1018: 1013: 1007: 1006: 1001: 996: 994: 992: 990: 986: 979: 972: 969: 968: 964: 961: 960: 956: 953: 952: 948: 945: 944: 940: 937: 936: 932: 929: 928: 924: 921: 920: 916: 913: 912: 908: 905: 904: 900: 897: 896: 892: 889: 888: 884: 881: 880: 876: 873: 872: 868: 865: 864: 860: 857: 856: 853: 846: 844: 841: 838: 834: 832: 824: 822: 816: 814: 811: 803: 799: 796: 792: 788: 785: 784: 780: 776: 774: 771: 767: 765: 763: 760: 759: 756: 753: 749: 747: 744: 740: 738: 735: 734: 730: 726: 723: 719: 716: 712: 709: 705: 703: 700: 699: 694: 690: 686: 682: 681: 678: 673: 667: 664: 662: 654: 652: 640: 636: 634: 622: 618: 616: 615: 609: 605: 603: 592: 588: 586: 583: 578: 568: 564: 562: 553: 549: 548: 538: 534: 532: 523: 519: 518: 513: 509: 504: 500: 497: 493: 489: 485: 480: 478: 474: 469: 466: 462: 461: 446: 442: 437: 436: 433: 429: 424: 421: 417: 414: 410: 407: 403: 400: 396: 394: 391: 388: 384: 381: 377: 372: 368: 365: 361: 358: 353: 347: 338: 329: 316: 307: 303: 302: 299: 294: 289: 284: 279: 274: 269: 264: 263: 257: 255: 248: 246: 244: 240: 236: 235:Lokoya people 228: 226: 224: 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 196: 194: 192: 188: 184: 175: 171: 169: 168: 163: 159: 155: 152: 147: 142: 120: 117: 116: 115: 114:Lotuko–Lokoya 112: 111: 110: 107: 106: 105: 102: 101: 100: 97: 96: 95: 92: 91: 90: 87: 86: 84: 81: 80: 78: 75: 74: 72: 68: 64: 58: 54: 48: 44: 40: 37: 34: 30: 25: 20: 2514: 2444:Okiek–Mosiro 2288:Southern Luo 2168: 2135: 2080:Teso–Turkana 1967: 1760: 1642: 1600: 1573: 1547: 1400: 1316:Belanda Viri 1209: 1203: 1194: 1188: 1179: 1173: 1164: 1158: 1149: 1143: 1131:. Retrieved 1126: 1117: 1105:. Retrieved 1101: 1091: 1079:. Retrieved 1075: 1065: 1056: 1050: 1041: 1035: 1026: 1020: 1003: 850: 842: 839: 835: 828: 820: 812: 809: 658: 649: 252: 232: 203:Nilo-Saharan 200: 182: 181: 165: 118: 71:Nilo-Saharan 2252:Belanda Bor 1912:Keiga Jirru 1633:El Hugeirat 1615:Hill Nubian 1361:Juba Arabic 582:Approximant 243:South Sudan 223:South Sudan 191:South Sudan 99:Lotuko–Teso 36:South Sudan 2532:Categories 2205:Dinka–Nuer 2156:Ongamo–Maa 2088:Karamojong 1975:Daju Mongo 1602:Old Nubian 1476:West Banda 1005:Ethnologue 980:References 847:Vocabulary 258:Consonants 104:Lotuko–Maa 2517:indicate 2387:Kupsabiny 2126:Dongotono 2108:Nyangatom 1830:Southwest 1799:Southeast 1763:languages 1759:Southern 1726:Miisiirii 1581:Dongolawi 1550:languages 1546:Northern 1346:Dongotono 1331:Daasanach 917:ójándɪ́k 901:akʊ́tʊ́k 885:ɔ́ɗɔ́ŋɛ́ 869:ɔɣɔ́lɔ̀ŋ 737:Close-mid 465:Fricative 249:Phonology 215:Dongotono 167:Glottolog 151:ISO 639-3 42:Ethnicity 2415:Kipsigis 2370:Kalenjin 2361:Southern 2281:Southern 2240:Northern 1371:Jur Modo 1123:"Lokoya" 941:akɪ́màŋ 909:aɣɛ́náŋ 882:mountain 877:ɔ̀jɛ́và 762:Open-mid 283:Alveolar 273:Lab-dent 174:loko1254 2515:Italics 2487:Datooga 2420:Markwet 2267:Shilluk 2197:Western 2176:Samburu 2103:Turkana 2068:Mandari 2043:Eastern 2004:Nilotic 1961:Western 1947:Logorik 1940:Eastern 1842:Didinga 1721:Mararit 1703:Nyimang 1638:Ghulfan 1628:Dilling 1456:Shilluk 1416:Mangaya 1336:Didinga 1291:Avokaya 1265:English 1127:Gurtong 973:amijhi 970:village 957:aɣweɲí 861:Lokoya 858:English 825:Grammar 522:Lateral 298:Glottal 288:Palatal 94:Eastern 89:Nilotic 2492:Omotik 2467:Pökoot 2460:Pökoot 2425:Naandi 2392:Sabaot 2308:Dholuo 2298:Adhola 2293:Acholi 2164:Maasai 2136:Lokoya 2119:Lotuko 2098:Toposa 1980:Nyolge 1917:Temein 1904:Temein 1894:Sillok 1857:Tennet 1852:Laarim 1790:Majang 1775:Surmic 1731:Sungor 1698:Afitti 1650:Kadaru 1644:Haraza 1596:Nobiin 1575:Birgid 1562:Nubian 1471:Toposa 1466:Togoyo 1446:Olu’bo 1411:Lotuko 1401:Lokoya 1391:Laarim 1376:Kaligi 1281:Acholi 1133:Jan 9, 1129:. 2014 1107:Jan 9, 1000:Lokoya 965:amúnú 949:ɪ́càŋ 946:animal 933:aɣare 925:ɔmjáŋ 893:ɔwɔ́r 655:Vowels 552:Rhotic 278:Dental 268:Labial 207:Lotuko 185:is an 183:Lokoya 119:Lokoya 109:Lotuko 27:Lokoya 22:Lokoya 2451:Ogiek 2435:Tugen 2430:Terik 2410:Keiyo 2379:Elgon 2334:Burun 2313:Kumam 2272:Thuri 2247:Anuak 2212:Dinka 2181:Camus 2170:Ngasa 2146:Otuho 2141:Lopit 1985:Nyala 1969:Beigo 1952:Shatt 1847:Murle 1837:Baale 1816:Mursi 1811:Meʼen 1806:Kwegu 1783:North 1713:Taman 1690:Nyima 1655:Karko 1591:Midob 1586:Kenzi 1481:Zande 1436:Ndogo 1426:Murle 1406:Lopit 1396:Lango 1381:Kresh 1356:Indri 1341:Dinka 1326:Bongo 1296:Baale 1081:9 Jan 962:snake 930:water 922:grass 898:mouth 890:river 702:Close 672:Front 306:Nasal 293:Velar 219:Lango 211:Lopit 2303:Alur 2262:Päri 2222:Reel 2217:Nuer 2093:Teso 2063:Kuku 2058:Bari 2051:Bari 1990:Sila 1932:Daju 1922:Tese 1889:Molo 1884:Kelo 1879:Gaam 1821:Suri 1736:Tama 1680:Nara 1673:Nara 1660:Wali 1623:Dair 1461:Suri 1451:Opuo 1441:Nuer 1431:Naka 1421:Moru 1386:Kuku 1351:Homa 1321:Beli 1311:Bari 1306:Baka 1135:2015 1109:2015 1083:2015 954:bird 938:fire 914:tree 906:hand 874:moon 817:Tone 787:Open 677:Back 357:Stop 239:Juba 217:and 2257:Jur 2232:Luo 1366:Jur 1301:Bai 1286:Aja 1002:at 866:sun 158:lky 2534:: 1125:. 1100:. 1074:. 988:^ 642:ː 624:ː 444:ː) 392:tː 387:d̪ 380:t̪ 241:, 213:, 209:, 73:? 1761:n 1548:k 1515:e 1508:t 1501:v 1243:e 1236:t 1229:v 1137:. 1111:. 1085:. 802:a 795:a 779:ɔ 770:ɛ 752:o 743:e 729:ʊ 722:u 715:ɪ 708:i 639:j 621:w 608:j 591:w 567:r 537:l 511:) 508:x 505:( 496:s 487:) 484:f 481:( 476:) 473:ɸ 470:( 441:p 438:( 431:) 428:ʔ 425:( 420:g 413:k 406:ɟ 399:c 371:b 364:p 346:ŋ 337:ɲ 328:n 315:m 85:? 79:?

Index

South Sudan
Language family
Nilo-Saharan
Eastern Sudanic
Southern Eastern
Nilotic
Eastern
Lotuko–Teso
Lotuko–Maa
Lotuko
Lotuko–Lokoya
ISO 639-3
lky
Glottolog
loko1254
Eastern Nilotic
South Sudan
Nilo-Saharan
Lotuko
Lopit
Dongotono
Lango
South Sudan
Lokoya people
Juba
South Sudan
Labial
Lab-dent
Dental
Alveolar

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.