491:
it has been recorded below 2,000 m (6,600 ft) are
Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, but in both places it also occurs much higher. It is more tolerant of aridity than the closely related Menzbier's marmot and the more distantly related grey marmot, and where their distributions approach each other the long-tailed marmot tends to occupy drier habitats. Furthermore, where its distribution approaches that of the Menzbier's marmot the long-tailed occurs at lower altitudes from 1,300 to 2,200 m (4,300–7,200 ft). The long-tailed marmot occurs in a wide range of open or lightly wooded habitats, including
31:
249:
80:
527:
the time. Different burrows may be used for hibernation in different years. Mating occurs in late April and early May and may take place underground before the marmots emerge from the burrow after the winter. The gestation period is about four and a half weeks and the litter of about four pups emerges from the nest at about six weeks of age. Only about half of the pups survive the summer, some being consumed by
55:
260:
304:
and the higher weights in the autumn just before hibernation where more than one–quarter of its mass can be fat. Males average slightly larger than females. Its head-and-body length is 37–80 cm (15–31 in) and the tail is about 16–28 cm (6.3–11.0 in) long. The tail is 37–55% of the
526:
Home ranges of the long-tailed marmot average about three hectares (7.5 acres) and contain about three burrow systems (range one to six). In a chamber in one of these burrows the marmots hibernate from about
September to April or May, a period during which the ground is covered with snow for much of
490:
Overall the long-tailed marmot has a very wide altitude range, occurring from 600 to 5,200 m (2,000–17,100 ft), but this varies extensively depending on each mountain range with the upper limit essentially restricted by the location of the permanent snow line. The only countries where
535:
The long-tailed marmot is diurnal and feeds on plant material. It is most active in the morning when about 40% of the time is spent foraging. After emerging from the burrow, the marmot spreads out and do not forage as a group. Food is either collected from the ground by the mouth or plucked from
523:. These individuals are likely to be related to each other with young adults normally only dispersing after they have become fully grown at three or more years of age. Adult immigrants are tolerated in the group but only a single adult female normally lactates and rears young in any one season.
348:, the subspecies found in most of its range, is relatively bright golden-buff or orange-tawny overall. Its face is brownish and the top of its head is typically brown to black, but in small parts of its range it is the same colour as its back. The tip of the tail often is blackish.
536:
taller plants. Between bouts of foraging, a marmot sometimes stands on its back legs and surveys its surroundings. Group members communicate with each other, emitting complex alarm calls when predators are spotted. They also react to alarm calls of neighbouring groups.
531:
and others being killed by adult males joining the group. Most adults survive the hibernation period but a rather higher proportion of juveniles die during their first winter. Females do not usually breed as three-year-olds but wait till the following year.
321:) are comparable to the shortest-tailed individuals of the long-tailed marmot. The eyes are close to the top of the rather-flattened head, the ears are small and the neck is short. The forelegs are longer than the hind legs.
299:
The long-tailed marmot is a large, sturdy rodent weighing up to 9 kg (20 lb). Its typical weight range is from 1.5 to 7.3 kg (3.3–16.1 lb), with the lower weights in the spring directly after
2455:
352:
also has a brown face, and its flanks and underparts are yellowish, but the rear top of its head and mid-back are black, while the tail is black or mixed yellowish and black.
2316:
2381:
2435:
740:
Kryštufek, B.; B. Vohralík (2013). "Taxonomic revision of the
Palaearctic rodents (Rodentia). Part 2. Sciuridae: Urocitellus, Marmota and Sciurotamias".
2290:
2329:
991:
467:
is widespread and found in all countries where the species occurs, only being absent from the regions inhabited by the two remaining subspecies.
223:. It occurs in mountainous regions in the central parts of Asia where it lives in open or lightly wooded habitats, often among rocks where dwarf
1159:
305:
head-and-body length. This is considerably longer than typical of other marmots, although the proportionally longest-tailed individuals of the
806:
697:
1089:
2450:
2277:
1876:
2355:
1777:
2068:
2373:
2041:
2005:
1287:
1141:
1107:
191:
2334:
2077:
1752:
1713:
1116:
1080:
1821:
2445:
2147:
2014:
1996:
1150:
30:
2368:
2238:
2086:
1849:
1688:
984:
675:
2094:
1941:
1786:
1722:
1277:
507:
no more than 4 m or 13 ft high), especially in rocky areas. However, it avoids places with saline soils.
340:. The last has occasionally been considered a separate species. They differ in colours and some measurements, with
2386:
2023:
1885:
1184:
79:
1923:
1831:
1679:
1202:
1193:
2138:
2032:
1840:
1812:
1549:
1435:
1268:
1098:
360:
in the colour of its upperparts: they are blackish-brown to dull brown in dark animals, and light brown to
2178:
2129:
2120:
2059:
1932:
1913:
1904:
1894:
1867:
1858:
1648:
1495:
977:
357:
2243:
2050:
1987:
1417:
174:
1522:
969:
248:
2251:
2225:
2216:
1558:
1486:
1477:
1468:
1378:
927:
437:
288:
649:
1612:
1594:
1576:
1540:
1342:
1211:
516:
405:
44:
763:
2162:
1639:
892:
854:
74:
2321:
875:
Blumstein, D. T. (1996). "How Much Does Social Group Size
Influence Golden Marmot Vigilance?".
2394:
1621:
1585:
1567:
1243:
1130:
1069:
955:
802:
703:
693:
2440:
2399:
2109:
1962:
1513:
1360:
1220:
945:
935:
884:
844:
687:
644:
457:
449:
425:
2347:
1702:
1630:
1459:
1396:
1001:
577:
569:
519:
relationships but lives in larger social groups, with up to seven adults sharing a single
413:
328:
have been described for the long-tailed marmot, but only three are generally recognised:
2230:
931:
910:
Lyngdoh, S.; Shrotriya, S.; Goyal, S.P.; Clements, H.; Hayward, M.W.; Habib, B. (2014).
1657:
1531:
1504:
1426:
950:
911:
417:
361:
626:
2429:
2342:
1731:
1603:
1369:
1333:
683:
635:
492:
314:
232:
228:
64:
59:
1800:
1766:
1670:
1408:
1324:
1044:
596:
581:
561:
940:
2412:
2360:
2303:
2210:
1976:
1315:
1173:
373:
306:
301:
2201:
520:
389:
385:
381:
377:
325:
235:. As suggested by its name, it is a relatively long-tailed species of marmot.
2282:
2264:
1449:
1387:
1257:
888:
707:
553:
528:
500:
433:
429:
421:
220:
91:
959:
259:
2195:
1234:
1051:
1023:
409:
393:
141:
111:
916:): regional diet specificity holds global significance for conservation"
2295:
1058:
896:
858:
801:. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey. pp. 190–191.
545:
504:
472:
224:
2308:
1301:
1037:
1030:
1016:
496:
484:
277:
216:
151:
131:
121:
101:
2172:
849:
828:
2269:
2407:
480:
401:
397:
689:
Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
436:. Although its distribution comes into contact with those of the
584:
2256:
2176:
973:
620:
618:
616:
614:
612:
692:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 801.
2185:
2107:
1974:
1953:
1798:
1764:
1743:
1700:
1668:
1447:
1299:
1255:
1232:
1171:
1128:
1067:
38:Long-tailed marmots in Suru Valley, Ladakh, India
757:
755:
829:"Ecology and Social Behavior of Golden Marmots (
544:Predators of the long-tailed marmot include the
412:. Other mountain ranges where it occurs are the
870:
868:
735:
733:
731:
729:
727:
725:
723:
721:
719:
717:
650:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T12825A111931601.en
985:
475:in Pakistan and adjacent parts of India, and
404:. In China, it has only been recorded in the
356:is black-brown below, but this subspecies is
8:
2456:Taxa named by Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
822:
820:
818:
792:
790:
788:
674:Thorington, R.W. Jr; Hoffman, R.S. (2005).
2173:
992:
978:
970:
53:
29:
20:
949:
939:
848:
648:
372:The long-tailed marmot is restricted to
1160:Cascade golden-mantled ground squirrel
912:"Prey preferences of the snow leopard (
608:
669:
667:
827:Blumstein, D. T.; Arnold, W. (1998).
515:The long-tailed marmot usually forms
7:
2436:IUCN Red List least concern species
1877:Caucasian mountain ground squirrel
797:Smith, A.T.; Xie, Y., eds. (2008).
636:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
580:, marmot species also form part of
503:and open woodland (typically with
344:averaging larger than the others.
14:
1135:(golden-mantled ground squirrels)
1090:Espíritu Santo antelope squirrel
258:
247:
78:
2042:Southern Idaho ground squirrel
2006:Northern Idaho ground squirrel
1288:Thirteen-lined ground squirrel
1142:Golden-mantled ground squirrel
1108:White-tailed antelope squirrel
799:A Guide to the Mammals of China
1714:Baja California rock squirrel
1117:San Joaquin antelope squirrel
1:
2148:Round-tailed ground squirrel
2069:Richardson's ground squirrel
1151:Sierra Madre ground squirrel
2087:Long-tailed ground squirrel
1981:(Holarctic ground squirrels)
1944:(Spermophilus xanthoprymnus)
1850:Red-cheeked ground squirrel
1806:(Old World ground squirrels)
1689:Ring-tailed ground squirrel
941:10.1371/journal.pone.0088349
463:Among its three subspecies,
2095:Washington ground squirrel
2078:Townsend's ground squirrel
1942:Asia Minor ground squirrel
1778:Père David's rock squirrel
1753:Franklin's ground squirrel
1723:California ground squirrel
1278:Rio Grande ground squirrel
1081:Harris's antelope squirrel
2472:
2024:Columbian ground squirrel
2015:Merriam's ground squirrel
1997:Belding's ground squirrel
1886:Tian Shan ground squirrel
1822:Brandt’s ground squirrel (
2451:Mammals described in 1844
2159:
1924:Speckled ground squirrel
1832:European ground squirrel
1680:Tropical ground squirrel
1579:(N. quadrimaculatus)
1262:(little ground squirrels)
1203:Black-tailed prairie dog
1194:White-tailed prairie dog
1011:
456:), they are not known to
180:
173:
75:Scientific classification
73:
51:
42:
37:
28:
23:
2139:Spotted ground squirrel
2114:(pygmy ground squirrels)
2033:Wyoming ground squirrel
1935:(Spermophilus taurensis)
1914:Relict ground squirrel (
1895:Pallid ground squirrel (
1841:Daurian ground squirrel
1813:Alashan ground squirrel
1787:Forrest's rock squirrel
1588:(N. quadrivittatus)
1550:Yellow-cheeked chipmunk
1438:(M. vancouverensis)
1436:Vancouver Island marmot
1269:Mexican ground squirrel
1099:Texas antelope squirrel
1000:Living species of tribe
774:. University of Michigan
368:Distribution and habitat
2130:Perote ground squirrel
2121:Mohave ground squirrel
2060:Arctic ground squirrel
1933:Taurus ground squirrel
1926:(Spermophilus suslicus)
1905:Little ground squirrel
1868:Russet ground squirrel
1859:Yellow ground squirrel
1498:(N. cinereicollis)
1496:Gray-collared chipmunk
1388:Groundhog or woodchuck
1185:Gunnison's prairie dog
889:10.1163/156853996x00332
495:, foothill to highland
479:is from highlands near
471:is from areas south of
2150:(X. tereticaudus)
2071:(U. richardsonii)
2051:Piute ground squirrel
1988:Uinta ground squirrel
1852:(S. erythrogenys)
1771:(Asian rock squirrels)
1716:(O. atricapillus)
1570:(N. panamintinus)
1420:(M. flaviventris)
1418:Yellow-bellied marmot
1345:(M. camtschatica)
686:; Reeder, D.M (eds.).
643:: e.T12825A111931601.
219:species in the family
2097:(U. washingtoni)
2026:(U. columbianus)
1815:(S. alashanicus)
1487:Gray-footed chipmunk
1469:Yellow-pine chipmunk
1290:(I. tridecemlineatus)
831:Marmota caudata aurea
511:Ecology and behaviour
268:Two of its subspecies
2132:(X. perotensis)
2123:(X. mohavensis)
2080:(U. townsendii)
1888:(S. nilkaensis)
1780:(S. davidianus)
1755:(P. franklinii)
1734:(O. variegatus)
1651:(N. townsendii)
1649:Townsend's chipmunk
1597:(N. ruficaudus)
1595:Red-tailed chipmunk
1577:Long-eared chipmunk
1552:(N. ochrogenys)
1541:California chipmunk
1363:(M. himalayana)
1343:Black-capped marmot
1212:Mexican prairie dog
1074:(antelope squirrels)
883:(15/16): 1133–1151.
837:Journal of Mammalogy
772:Animal Diversity Web
762:DeWeerd, B. (2003).
625:Cassola, F. (2017).
289:Deosai National Park
2446:Mammals of Pakistan
2141:(X. spilosoma)
2089:(U. undulatus)
2044:(U. endemicus)
1691:(N. annulatus)
1642:(N. speciosus)
1640:Lodgepole chipmunk
1523:Merriam's chipmunk
1454:(western chipmunks)
1381:(M. menzbieri)
1352:Long-tailed marmot
1318:(M. baibacina)
1246:(E. sibiricus)
1214:(C. mexicanus)
1162:(C. saturatus)
1153:(C. madrensis)
1144:(C. lateralis)
1101:(A. interpres)
1092:(A. insularis)
932:2014PLoSO...988349L
742:Lynx, N. S. (Praha)
568:) and possibly the
406:Tian Shan Mountains
45:Conservation status
24:Long-tailed marmot
2008:(U. brunneus)
1999:(U. beldingi)
1965:(T. striatus)
1907:(S. pygmaeus)
1843:(S. dauricus)
1834:(S. citellus)
1789:(S. forresti)
1725:(O. beecheyi)
1682:(N. adocetus)
1660:(N. umbrinus)
1624:(N. siskiyou)
1622:Siskiyou chipmunk
1586:Colorado chipmunk
1568:Panamint chipmunk
1559:Palmer's chipmunk
1543:(N. obscurus)
1525:(N. merriami)
1516:(N. durangae)
1507:(N. dorsalis)
1478:Buller's chipmunk
1411:(M. caligata)
1399:(M. sibirica)
1379:Menzbier's marmot
1244:Siberian chipmunk
1196:(C. leucurus)
1110:(A. leucurus)
1083:(A. harrisii)
1004:(ground squirrels)
396:, northernwestern
203:long-tailed marmot
2423:
2422:
2395:Open Tree of Life
2179:Taxon identifiers
2170:
2169:
2062:(U. parryii)
2035:(U. elegans)
1990:(U. armatus)
1963:Eastern chipmunk
1633:(N. sonomae)
1613:Allen's chipmunk
1561:(N. palmeri)
1534:(N. minimus)
1514:Durango chipmunk
1489:(N. canipes)
1480:(N. bulleri)
1471:(N. amoenus)
1462:(N. alpinus)
1429:(M. olympus)
1372:(M. marmota)
1361:Himalayan marmot
1354:(M. caudata)
1336:(M. broweri)
1221:Utah prairie dog
1205:(C. ludovicianus)
1131:Callospermophilus
1119:(A. nelsoni)
1005:
808:978-0-691-09984-2
699:978-0-8018-8221-0
574:Gypaetus barbatus
566:Aquila chrysaetos
450:Himalayan marmots
432:and northwestern
364:in pale animals.
199:
198:
68:
16:Species of rodent
2463:
2416:
2415:
2403:
2402:
2390:
2389:
2377:
2376:
2364:
2363:
2351:
2350:
2338:
2337:
2325:
2324:
2312:
2311:
2299:
2298:
2286:
2285:
2273:
2272:
2260:
2259:
2247:
2246:
2234:
2233:
2221:
2220:
2219:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2174:
2110:Xerospermophilus
2053:(U. mollis)
1861:(S. fulvus)
1707:(rock squirrels)
1631:Sonoma chipmunk
1460:Alpine chipmunk
1397:Tarbagan marmot
1070:Ammospermophilus
1003:
994:
987:
980:
971:
964:
963:
953:
943:
907:
901:
900:
872:
863:
862:
852:
824:
813:
812:
794:
783:
782:
780:
779:
759:
750:
749:
737:
712:
711:
671:
662:
661:
659:
657:
652:
622:
499:, semi-deserts,
487:in Afghanistan.
262:
251:
186:
83:
82:
62:
57:
56:
33:
21:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2426:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2411:
2406:
2398:
2393:
2385:
2380:
2372:
2367:
2359:
2354:
2346:
2341:
2333:
2328:
2320:
2315:
2307:
2302:
2294:
2289:
2281:
2276:
2268:
2263:
2255:
2250:
2242:
2237:
2231:Marmota_caudata
2229:
2224:
2217:Marmota caudata
2215:
2214:
2209:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2187:Marmota caudata
2181:
2171:
2166:
2155:
2113:
2103:
2017:(U. canus)
1980:
1970:
1949:
1897:S. pallidicauda
1870:(S. major)
1805:
1794:
1770:
1760:
1739:
1706:
1703:Otospermophilus
1696:
1664:
1658:Uinta chipmunk
1615:(N. senex)
1606:(N. rufus)
1532:Least chipmunk
1505:Cliff chipmunk
1453:
1443:
1427:Olympic marmot
1402:
1390:(M. monax)
1327:(M. bobak)
1305:
1295:
1261:
1251:
1228:
1177:
1167:
1134:
1124:
1073:
1063:
1007:
998:
968:
967:
909:
908:
904:
874:
873:
866:
850:10.2307/1383095
826:
825:
816:
809:
796:
795:
786:
777:
775:
766:Marmota caudata
761:
760:
753:
739:
738:
715:
700:
678:Marmota caudata
673:
672:
665:
655:
653:
629:Marmota caudata
624:
623:
610:
605:
593:
578:Tibetan plateau
570:bearded vulture
542:
513:
384:, far southern
370:
297:
296:
295:
294:
269:
265:
264:
263:
254:
253:
252:
241:
229:IUCN Red Listed
208:Marmota caudata
195:
188:
184:Marmota caudata
182:
169:
166:M. caudata
77:
69:
58:
54:
47:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2469:
2467:
2459:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2428:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2404:
2391:
2378:
2365:
2352:
2339:
2326:
2313:
2300:
2287:
2274:
2261:
2248:
2235:
2222:
2207:
2191:
2189:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2168:
2167:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2145:
2136:
2127:
2117:
2115:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2092:
2084:
2075:
2066:
2057:
2048:
2039:
2030:
2021:
2012:
2003:
1994:
1984:
1982:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1959:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1939:
1930:
1921:
1911:
1902:
1892:
1883:
1874:
1865:
1856:
1847:
1838:
1829:
1819:
1809:
1807:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1784:
1774:
1772:
1762:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1749:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1732:Rock squirrel
1729:
1720:
1710:
1708:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1686:
1676:
1674:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1655:
1646:
1637:
1628:
1619:
1610:
1604:Hopi chipmunk
1601:
1592:
1583:
1574:
1565:
1556:
1547:
1538:
1529:
1520:
1511:
1502:
1493:
1484:
1475:
1466:
1457:
1455:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1433:
1424:
1415:
1394:
1385:
1376:
1370:Alpine marmot
1367:
1358:
1349:
1340:
1334:Alaska marmot
1331:
1309:
1307:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1285:
1275:
1271:(I. mexicanus)
1265:
1263:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1240:
1238:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1223:(C. parvidens)
1218:
1209:
1200:
1191:
1187:(C. gunnisoni)
1181:
1179:
1178:(prairie dogs)
1169:
1168:
1166:
1165:
1157:
1148:
1138:
1136:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1122:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1087:
1077:
1075:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1055:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1012:
1009:
1008:
999:
997:
996:
989:
982:
974:
966:
965:
914:Panthera uncia
902:
864:
843:(3): 873–886.
814:
807:
784:
751:
713:
698:
663:
607:
606:
604:
601:
600:
599:
592:
589:
541:
538:
512:
509:
493:alpine meadows
477:M. c. dichrous
388:(where rare),
369:
366:
354:M. c. dichrous
338:M. c. dichrous
315:alpine marmots
293:
292:
281:
267:
266:
257:
256:
255:
246:
245:
244:
243:
242:
240:
237:
197:
196:
189:
178:
177:
171:
170:
163:
161:
157:
156:
149:
145:
144:
139:
135:
134:
129:
125:
124:
119:
115:
114:
109:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
89:
85:
84:
71:
70:
52:
49:
48:
43:
40:
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2468:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2433:
2431:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2396:
2392:
2388:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2357:
2353:
2349:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2227:
2223:
2218:
2212:
2208:
2203:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2175:
2165:
2164:
2158:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2137:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1863:
1862:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1824:S. brevicauda
1820:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1810:
1808:
1804:
1803:sensu stricto
1802:
1797:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1745:Poliocitellus
1742:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1611:
1608:
1607:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1557:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1409:Hoary marmot
1406:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1325:Bobak marmot
1323:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1280:(I. parvidens
1276:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1132:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1006:
995:
990:
988:
983:
981:
976:
975:
972:
961:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
933:
929:
926:(2): e88349.
925:
921:
917:
915:
906:
903:
898:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
871:
869:
865:
860:
856:
851:
846:
842:
838:
834:
832:
823:
821:
819:
815:
810:
804:
800:
793:
791:
789:
785:
773:
769:
767:
758:
756:
752:
747:
743:
736:
734:
732:
730:
728:
726:
724:
722:
720:
718:
714:
709:
705:
701:
695:
691:
690:
685:
681:
679:
670:
668:
664:
651:
646:
642:
638:
637:
632:
630:
621:
619:
617:
615:
613:
609:
602:
598:
595:
594:
590:
588:
586:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
550:Vulpes vulpes
547:
539:
537:
533:
530:
524:
522:
518:
510:
508:
506:
502:
498:
494:
488:
486:
482:
478:
474:
470:
469:M. c. caudata
466:
461:
459:
455:
454:M. himalayana
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
367:
365:
363:
359:
355:
351:
350:M. c. caudata
347:
343:
342:M. c. caudata
339:
335:
331:
330:M. c. caudata
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
303:
290:
286:
285:M. c. caudata
282:
279:
275:
271:
270:
261:
250:
238:
236:
234:
233:Least Concern
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
213:golden marmot
210:
209:
204:
193:
187:
185:
179:
176:
175:Binomial name
172:
168:
167:
162:
159:
158:
155:
154:
150:
147:
146:
143:
140:
137:
136:
133:
130:
127:
126:
123:
120:
117:
116:
113:
110:
107:
106:
103:
100:
97:
96:
93:
90:
87:
86:
81:
76:
72:
66:
61:
60:Least Concern
50:
46:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2186:
2161:
2149:
2140:
2131:
2122:
2108:
2096:
2088:
2079:
2070:
2061:
2052:
2043:
2034:
2025:
2016:
2007:
1998:
1989:
1975:
1964:
1954:
1943:
1934:
1925:
1915:
1906:
1896:
1887:
1879:(S. musicus)
1878:
1869:
1860:
1851:
1842:
1833:
1823:
1814:
1801:Spermophilus
1799:
1788:
1779:
1767:Sciurotamias
1765:
1754:
1744:
1733:
1724:
1715:
1701:
1690:
1681:
1671:Notocitellus
1669:
1659:
1650:
1641:
1632:
1623:
1614:
1605:
1596:
1587:
1578:
1569:
1560:
1551:
1542:
1533:
1524:
1515:
1506:
1497:
1488:
1479:
1470:
1461:
1448:
1437:
1428:
1419:
1410:
1405:Petromarmota
1404:
1398:
1389:
1380:
1371:
1362:
1353:
1351:
1344:
1335:
1326:
1317:
1316:Gray marmot
1311:
1300:
1289:
1279:
1270:
1256:
1245:
1233:
1222:
1213:
1204:
1195:
1186:
1172:
1161:
1152:
1143:
1129:
1118:
1109:
1100:
1091:
1082:
1068:
1045:Sciuromorpha
923:
919:
913:
905:
880:
876:
840:
836:
830:
798:
776:. Retrieved
771:
765:
745:
741:
688:
684:Wilson, D.E.
677:
654:. Retrieved
640:
634:
628:
597:Bobak marmot
582:snow leopard
573:
565:
562:golden eagle
557:
549:
543:
534:
525:
514:
489:
476:
468:
464:
462:
453:
446:M. baibacina
445:
442:M. menzbieri
441:
400:and western
371:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
323:
318:
311:M. baibacina
310:
298:
284:
273:
227:grow. It is
212:
207:
206:
202:
200:
183:
181:
165:
164:
152:
18:
2304:iNaturalist
2211:Wikispecies
1977:Urocitellus
1916:S. relictus
1057:Subfamily:
656:18 November
558:Canis lupus
465:M. c. aurea
426:Kunlun-Shan
392:, northern
374:Afghanistan
346:M. c. aurea
334:M. c. aurea
302:hibernation
274:M. c. aurea
239:Description
192:I. Geoffroy
2430:Categories
1043:Suborder:
1002:Marmotini
778:2014-10-21
603:References
576:). On the
521:home range
517:monogamous
501:scrublands
438:Menzbier's
390:Uzbekistan
386:Kazakhstan
382:Tajikistan
378:Kyrgyzstan
326:subspecies
319:M. marmota
291:, Pakistan
1450:Neotamias
1403:Subgenus
1310:Subgenus
1306:(marmots)
1258:Ictidomys
1052:Sciuridae
1015:Kingdom:
877:Behaviour
748:: 27–138.
676:"Species
554:grey wolf
540:Predators
529:predators
458:hybridise
444:), grey (
434:Himalayas
430:Karakoram
422:Hindukush
358:dimorphic
221:Sciuridae
160:Species:
142:Sciuridae
98:Kingdom:
92:Eukaryota
2408:Species+
2374:12400940
2322:10767982
2202:Q1470628
2196:Wikidata
2163:Category
1235:Eutamias
1050:Family:
1038:Rodentia
1031:Mammalia
1024:Chordata
1022:Phylum:
1017:Animalia
960:24533080
920:PLOS ONE
708:62265494
591:See also
505:junipers
410:Xinjiang
394:Pakistan
324:Several
225:junipers
138:Family:
132:Rodentia
122:Mammalia
112:Chordata
108:Phylum:
102:Animalia
88:Domain:
65:IUCN 3.1
2441:Marmots
2361:1001728
2296:2437366
1321:
1312:Marmota
1302:Marmota
1174:Cynomys
1059:Xerinae
1036:Order:
1029:Class:
951:3922817
928:Bibcode
897:4535417
859:1383095
560:), the
552:), the
546:red fox
497:steppes
473:Chitral
283:Below:
280:, India
272:Above:
194:, 1844)
153:Marmota
148:Genus:
128:Order:
118:Class:
63: (
2400:957478
2335:632381
2270:MAROCU
2257:312106
2244:112234
2144:
2135:
2126:
2100:
2083:
2074:
2065:
2056:
2047:
2038:
2029:
2020:
2011:
2002:
1993:
1955:Tamias
1938:
1929:
1920:
1910:
1901:
1891:
1882:
1873:
1864:
1855:
1846:
1837:
1828:
1818:
1783:
1728:
1719:
1685:
1654:
1645:
1636:
1627:
1618:
1609:
1600:
1591:
1582:
1573:
1564:
1555:
1546:
1537:
1528:
1519:
1510:
1501:
1492:
1483:
1474:
1465:
1432:
1423:
1414:
1393:
1384:
1375:
1366:
1357:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1284:
1274:
1217:
1208:
1199:
1190:
1156:
1147:
1113:
1104:
1095:
1086:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1019:
958:
948:
895:
857:
805:
706:
696:
485:Ghazni
448:) and
313:) and
278:Ladakh
217:marmot
2387:71802
2348:12825
2317:IRMNG
2309:46084
2283:17353
2278:EUNIS
893:JSTOR
855:JSTOR
682:. In
481:Kabul
414:Pamir
402:China
398:India
362:cream
215:is a
211:) or
2413:5312
2382:NCBI
2343:IUCN
2330:ITIS
2291:GBIF
2265:EPPO
2239:BOLD
956:PMID
803:ISBN
704:OCLC
694:ISBN
658:2021
641:2017
585:prey
483:and
418:Alay
336:and
307:grey
201:The
2369:MSW
2356:MDD
2252:EoL
2226:ADW
946:PMC
936:doi
885:doi
881:133
845:doi
645:doi
408:of
287:in
276:in
231:as
2432::
2410::
2397::
2384::
2371::
2358::
2345::
2332::
2319::
2306::
2293::
2280::
2267::
2254::
2241::
2228::
2213::
2198::
1407::
1314::
954:.
944:.
934:.
922:.
918:.
891:.
879:.
867:^
853:.
841:73
839:.
835:.
833:)"
817:^
787:^
770:.
754:^
746:44
744:.
716:^
702:.
666:^
639:.
633:.
611:^
587:.
460:.
428:,
424:,
420:,
416:,
380:,
376:,
332:,
1918:)
1899:)
1826:)
1282:)
993:e
986:t
979:v
962:.
938::
930::
924:9
899:.
887::
861:.
847::
811:.
781:.
768:"
764:"
710:.
680:"
660:.
647::
631:"
627:"
572:(
564:(
556:(
548:(
452:(
440:(
317:(
309:(
205:(
190:(
67:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
