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947:. Although he had not actually accepted the gold, he had allowed it to remain in his house for over a year, only returning it when the inquiry began. In his defence, while denying that he had intended to take the money ("it had been left with him only to be counted by his secretary") and appealing to his past services, Leeds did not attempt to conceal the fact that according to his experience bribery was an acknowledged and universal custom in public business, and that he himself had been instrumental in obtaining money for others. Meanwhile, his servant, who was said to have been the intermediary between the duke and the company, fled the country; and with no evidence to convict, the proceedings fell apart.
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Charles and King Louis after becoming Lord
Treasurer. In any case, in 1676, together with Lauderdale alone, he consented to a treaty between Charles and Louis according to which the foreign policy of both kings was to be conducted in union, and Charles received an annual subsidy of £100,000. In 1678 Charles, taking advantage of the growing hostility to France in the nation and parliament, raised his price, and Danby by his directions demanded through
694:, doubtless no friendly witness, spoke of him as an inveterate liar, "proud, ambitious, revengeful, false, prodigal and covetous to the highest degree", and Burnet supported his unfavourable judgment. His corruption, his submission to a tyrannical wife, his greed, his pale face and lean person, which had replaced the handsome features and comeliness of earlier days, were the subject of ridicule, from the witty sneers of
557:. He is often credited with inventing "Parliamentary management", the first conscious effort to convert a mass of country backbenchers into an organised Government lobby. While he made full use of patronage for this purpose, he undoubtedly regarded patronage as an essential tool of Royal policy; as he wrote in 1677 "nothing is more necessary than for the world to see that he (the King) will reward and punish".
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905:, revived in all its bitterness. He retired to the country and was seldom present at the council. In June and July, motions were made in Parliament for his removal; but notwithstanding his great unpopularity, on Halifax's retirement in 1690 he again acquired the chief power in the state, which he retained until 1695 by bribes in Parliament and the support of the king and queen.
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573:, and spoke against the proposal for giving relief to the dissenters. In June 1675 he signed the paper of advice drawn up by the bishops for the king, urging the rigid enforcement of the laws against the Roman Catholics, their complete banishment from the court, and the suppression of conventicles. A bill introduced by him imposing special taxes on
731:, the French ambassador, who supplied him with a large sum of money, arranged a plan for effecting Danby's ruin. He obtained a seat in parliament; and in spite of Danby's endeavour to seize his papers by an order in council, on 20 December 1678 caused two incriminating letters written by Danby to him to be read aloud to the House of Commons by the
739:. At the foot of each of the letters appeared the king's postscripts, "I approve of this letter. C.R.", in his own handwriting; but they were not read by the Speaker, and were entirely ignored in the proceedings against the minister, thus emphasising the constitutional principle that obedience to the king's orders is not a bar to impeachment.
414:. Thomas's elder half-brother Edward was killed in an accident in 1638, when the family home roof collapsed on him; according to a family legend, Thomas survived because he had been searching for his cat under a table at the time of the disaster. Their father, a loving parent, is said never to have fully recovered from the loss.
809:. His petition to the king for a trial by his peers was refused, and an attempt to prosecute the publishers of the false evidence on the king's bench was unsuccessful. For some time all appeals to the king, to Parliament, and to the courts were unavailing; but on 12 February 1684 his application to Chief Justice
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antagonists. The proceedings against him were revived, a committee of privileges deciding on 23 March 1679 that the dissolution of
Parliament did not abate the impeachment. The Lords passed a motion for his committal, and, as in Clarendon's case, his banishment. This was rejected by the Commons, who passed a
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reign, in his old age, the Duke of Leeds was described as "a gentleman of admirable natural parts, great knowledge and experience in the affairs of his own country, but of no reputation with any party. He hath not been regarded, although he took his place at the council board". The veteran statesman,
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were disputing whether the accused peer should have bail, and whether the charges amounted to more than a misdemeanour, Parliament was prorogued on 30 December and dissolved three weeks later. While Danby had few friends, the debate in the Lords showed a notable reluctance to impeach a Crown servant
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in 1670, which included
Charles's acceptance of a pension, and bound him to a policy exactly opposite to Danby's, one furthering French and Roman ascendancy. Though not a member of the Cabal ministry, and in spite of his own denial, Danby must, it would seem, have known of the relations between King
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The
Commons now demanded judgment against the prisoner from the Lords. Further proceedings, however, were stopped by the dissolution of Parliament in July; but for nearly five years Danby remained in the Tower. A number of pamphlets asserting his complicity in the Popish Plot, and even accusing him
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to the coarse jests of the anonymous writers of innumerable lampoons. By his championship of the national policy he raised up formidable foes abroad without securing a single friend or supporter at home, and his fidelity to the national interests was now, through an act of personal spite, to be the
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described Danby to Louis XIV as intensely antagonistic to France and French interests, and as doing his utmost to prevent the treaty of that year. In 1678, on the rupture of relations between
Charles and Louis, a splendid opportunity of paying off old scores was afforded Louis by disclosing Danby's
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as "one of a broken sort of people that have not much to lose and therefore will venture all", and as "a beggar having £1100 or £1200 a year, but owes above £10,000". His office brought him in £20,000 a year, and he was known to make large profits by the sale of offices; he maintained his power by
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In foreign affairs, Danby showed a stronger grasp of essentials. He desired to increase
English trade, credit and power abroad. He was a determined enemy both to Roman influence and to French ascendancy. As he wrote in a memorandum in the summer of 1677, an English Minister must consider only how
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from the king under the Great Seal, and a warrant for a marquessate. His proposed advancement in rank was severely reflected upon in the Lords, Halifax declaring it in the king's presence the recompense of treason, "not to be borne". In the
Commons, his retirement from office did not appease his
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France; a league was concluded with the Dutch
Republic, and troops were actually sent there. That Danby, in spite of his compromising transactions on the King's behalf, remained in intention faithful to the national interests, appears clear from the hostility with which he was still regarded by
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because of the "defamation of His
Majesty's Government" which took place in them, but this was soon withdrawn. In 1677, to secure Protestantism in case of a Roman Catholic succession, he introduced a bill by which ecclesiastical patronage and the care of the royal children were entrusted to the
581:. The same year he introduced a Test Oath by which all holding office or seats in either House of Parliament were to declare resistance to the royal power a crime, and promise to abstain from all attempts to alter the government of either church or state; but this extreme measure of retrograde
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Danby was charged with having assumed royal powers by treating matters of peace and war without the knowledge of the council, with having raised a standing army on the pretence of war with France, with having obstructed the assembling of
Parliament, and with corruption and embezzlement in the
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The circumstances of Danby's acts (and King Charles's) now came together to bring about his fall. Although both abroad and at home his policy had generally embodied the wishes of the ascendant party in the state, Danby had never obtained the confidence of the nation. His character inspired no
781:. In his written defence, he pleaded the King's pardon, but on 5 May 1679, this plea was pronounced illegal by the Commons. The declaration that a Royal Pardon was no defence to impeachment by the House of Commons was repeated by the Commons in 1689, and was finally embodied in the
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however, by no means acquiesced in his enforced retirement, and continued to take an active part in politics. As a zealous churchman and Protestant, he still possessed a following. In 1705 he supported a motion that the Church of England was in danger, and humiliated
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respect, and during the whole of his long career, he could not rely on the support of a single individual. Charles is said to have told him when he made him treasurer that he had only two friends in the world, himself and his own merit. He was described to
996:'s case, he spoke in defence of hereditary rights. In November of this year he obtained a renewal of his pension of £3500 a year from the post office which he was holding in 1694, and in 1711 at the age of eighty was a competitor for the office of
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occasion of his downfall. Kenyon describes the Danby administration by the autumn of 1678 as "weak, discredited, unpopular and unsuccessful"; it required only the Popish Plot to bring it down. Danby was accused of using the insane "revelations" of
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917:, Carmarthen was appointed Mary's chief advisor. In 1691, attempting to compromise Halifax, he discredited himself by the patronage of an informer named Fuller, who was soon shown to be an impostor. He was absent in 1692 when the
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In May 1695, Leeds was ordered to cease his attendance at the council. He returned in October but was not included among the Lords Justices appointed regents during William's absence in this year. In November he was granted a
834:, Danby was discharged from his bail by the Lords on 19 May 1685, and the order declaring dissolution of Parliament not to be abatement of impeachment was reversed. He took his seat in the Lords as a leader of the moderate
1512:, p. 368 Notes that the title was taken, not from Leeds in Yorkshire, but from Leeds in Kent, 4.25 miles (6.84 km) from Maidstone, which in the 17th century was a more important place than its Yorkshire namesake.
901:. The antagonism between the "black" and the "white" marquess (the latter being the nickname given to Carmarthen in allusion to his sickly appearance), which had been forgotten in their common hatred to the French and to
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was rejected. The king opposed and also doubted the wisdom and practicability of this "thorough" policy of repression. Danby, therefore, ordered a return from every diocese of the numbers of dissenters, both Catholic and
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was successful, and he was set at liberty on bail of £40,000, to appear in the House of Lords in the following session. He visited the king the same day, but took no part in public affairs for the rest of the reign.
873:. This met with little support and was rejected both by William and by Mary herself, so he voted against the regency and joined with Halifax and the Commons in declaring the prince and princess joint sovereigns.
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to meet William on 26 December. He appears to have thought that William would not claim the crown, and at first supported the theory that as the throne had been vacated by James's flight, the succession fell to
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This national policy, however, could only be pursued, and the minister could only maintain himself in power, by acquiescence in the king's personal relations with the king of France settled by the
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peerage of Osborne to his third son Peregrine Osborne; (he was on his mother's side a great-nephew of the previous Earl of Danby). He was appointed the same year lord-lieutenant of the
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for his own advantage; but as Kenyon notes, the King gave Danby an explicit order to investigate Tonge's claims, and whatever Danby's personal views, he had no choice but to comply.
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party. Though a supporter of the hereditary principle, he soon found himself more and more opposed to James, and in particular to James's attacks on Anglicanism. He was visited by
764:, in a remarkably witty speech, reminded his peers of how many of their predecessors had taken part in impeachments, only to end up being impeached themselves. In March 1679, a
533:. His principal aim was no doubt the maintenance and increase of his own influence and party, but his ambition corresponded with definite political views. A member of the old
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Lady Anne Osborne (1657–1722), married first Robert Coke of Holkham (d. 1679) and had issue, married second Horatio Walpole (d. 1717), without issue
943:. In April 1695, he was impeached once more by the Commons on suspicion of having received a bribe of 5000 guineas to procure a new charter for the
939:, but opposed the new treason bill as weakening the hands of the executive. Meanwhile, fresh attacks were made upon him. He was accused unjustly of
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and subjecting Roman Catholic priests to imprisonment for life was only thrown out as too lenient because it secured offenders from the charge of
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Simultaneously with negotiating the royal policy of an Anglo-French alliance, Danby guided through parliament a bill for raising money for a war
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1607:"Wimbledon Pages 519-540 The Environs of London: Volume 1, County of Surrey. Originally published by T Cadell and W Davies, London, 1792"
967:, but supported the action taken by members of both Houses in defence of William's rights in the same year. In 1698, he entertained Tsar
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Worse men had been less detested, but Danby had none of the amiable virtues which often counteract the odium incurred by serious faults.
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in February 1689. His overt vexation and disappointment at this turn of events were increased by the appointment of Halifax as
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1026:(1659–1729), who had been in the house of Lords as Baron Osborne since 1690, but is best remembered as a naval officer in the
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as commissioner for the state treasury in 1669, and in 1673 was appointed a commissioner for the admiralty. He was created
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690:, who knew him intimately, described him as "a man of excellent natural parts but nothing of generosity or gratefulness".
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1399:, p. 367 Cites Halifax note-book in Devonshire House collection, quoted in Foxcroft's Life of Halifax, ii, 63, note.
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355:. Osborne was again the leading figure in England's government for a few years in the early 1690s before dying in 1712.
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England's interests stand, and all considerations including trade, religion, and public opinion pointed to the
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1522:"Proceedings in Parliament against Thomas Duke of Leeds, on an impeachment of high crimes and misdemeanors".
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751:'s revelations, he now stood accused of having "traitorously concealed the plot". He was voted guilty by the
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agent; and in June 1687 he wrote to William assuring him of his support. On 30 June 1688, he was one of the
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A Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and Other Crimes and Misdemeanors
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into the river and rescuing Anne (d. 1585), the daughter of his employer, whom he afterwards married.
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Danby had rendered extremely important services to William's cause. On 20 April 1689, he was created
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hostile to Danby was returned, and he was forced to resign the treasurership; but he received a
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in 1665. He made the "first step in his future rise" by joining Buckingham in his attack on the
2280:. James Marshall and Marie-Louise Osborn Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
620:. In 1677, after two years of tedious negotiations, he overcame all obstacles, and in spite of
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Yorke in his 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article calls it the "disgraceful Treaty of Dover" (
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1000:. Leeds's long and eventful career, however, terminated soon afterwards by his death in
959:. In December, he became a commissioner of trade, and in December 1696, governor of the
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1292:, p. 366 Cites: Letter of Morley, Bishop of Winchester, to Danby (10 June 1676). (
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corruption and by jealously excluding from office men of high standing and ability.
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Thomas Osborne, Lord Danby, painted in Charles II's reign by Peter Lely (1618–1680)
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Osborne was introduced to public life and court by his neighbour in Yorkshire,
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described him as "the most hated minister that had ever been about the king".
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1678:. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 366–368.
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Lady Martha Osborne (c.1664 – 11 September 1689), married, on 22 May 1678,
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Early Yorkshire Bladens: Nathaniel Bladen, a Biography by Karen Proudler
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Danby was a statesman of very different calibre from the leaders of the
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Knights, Mark. "Osborne, Thomas, first duke of Leeds (1632–1712)".
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Leeds's estates and titles passed to eldest surviving son and heir
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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Burials at Osborne family chapel, All Hallows' Church (Harthill)
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was thrown out. In 1693, Carmarthen presided in great state as
747:" to Parliament, had from the first expressed his disbelief in
723:(later the Duke of Montagu). Montagu, after a quarrel with the
383:. Thomas Osborne was born in 1632. He was the grandson of Sir
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Lady Sophia Osborne (1661 – 8 December 1746), married first
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Bridget, Duchess of Leeds, died at Wimbledon in June 1703.
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bishops; but this measure, like the other, was thrown out.
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Lady Bridget Osborne (1664 d. 9 May 1718), married first
1449:, p. 367 Cites British Library Add MS 28094, f. 47.
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Also known by his earlier and then subsidiary titles of
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Thomas Osborne, painted later in life as Duke of Leeds
323:(20 February 1632 – 26 July 1712) was an English
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participation in Charles's demands for French gold.
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Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer
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www.rotherhamweb.co.uk: The Ducal Vault at Harthill
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537:party, a confidential friend and correspondent of
473:in the Scottish peerage on 2 February 1673, and a
2808:Lord-lieutenants of the North Riding of Yorkshire
1050:Thomas Osborne and his wife Bridget, daughter of
889:. He was, however, still greatly disliked by the
885:and made lord-lieutenant of the three ridings of
2813:Lord-lieutenants of the West Riding of Yorkshire
2798:Lord-lieutenants of the East Riding of Yorkshire
2500:Thomas Clifford, 1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh
2063:Lord Lieutenant of the North Riding of Yorkshire
1971:Custos Rotulorum of the East Riding of Yorkshire
2036:Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire
1944:Lord Lieutenant of the West Riding of Yorkshire
1917:Lord Lieutenant of the West Riding of Yorkshire
909:Advisor to the Queen, and return to prominence
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1563:, p. 368 Cites Boyer's Annals, 219, 433.
1015:. He had purchased the Harthill estate while
1013:All Hallows Church, Harthill, South Yorkshire
8:
1200:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
818:Return to court under William III, 1688–1702
735:. The House immediately resolved on Danby's
628:, effected the marriage between William and
477:on 3 May. On 19 June, on the resignation of
343:acceded in 1685. In 1688, he was one of the
2488:Thomas Wriothesley, 4th Earl of Southampton
481:, he was appointed lord treasurer and made
2593:Charles Mordaunt, 3rd Earl of Peterborough
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2292:
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1682:
1340:, by Sir J. Dalrymple (1773), i. app. 104.
1233:, by R. Thomson (1827), 313, quoting Stow.
805:for Godfrey's murder on the accusation of
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1096:Charles FitzCharles, 1st Earl of Plymouth
1054:married in 1651. They had nine children:
743:treasury. Danby, when communicating the "
624:opposition, and without the knowledge of
327:politician and peer. During the reign of
2459:Francis Cottington, 1st Baron Cottington
797:. In May 1681 Danby was indicted by the
513:Leading the King's government, 1674–1678
497:, by Charles II when he surrendered his
457:in 1667. In 1668 he was appointed joint
2858:Peers of Scotland created by Charles II
2783:Military personnel from South Yorkshire
2686:Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin
2656:Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin
2632:Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin
2609:Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin
2529:Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin
2389:Lionel Cranfield, 1st Earl of Middlesex
1197:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1137:
1111:daughter (date unknown), died an infant
1098:without issue, married second Rt. Rev.
990:Thomas Wharton, 1st Marquess of Wharton
493:, while on 27 June 1674 he was created
439:George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham
199:14 February 1689 – 18 May 1699
2863:Peers of England created by Charles II
2818:People associated with the Popish Plot
2706:Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury
979:Retirement from public life, 1702–1712
760:for simply carrying out Crown policy:
433:Introduction to public life, 1665–1674
2452:Edward Littleton, 1st Baron Lyttelton
2383:Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester
2354:Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Northampton
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147:24 June 1673 – 26 March 1679
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2640:Charles Montagu, 1st Earl of Halifax
2551:Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester
2521:Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester
2431:Richard Weston, 1st Earl of Portland
2341:Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset
1338:memoirs of Great Britain and Ireland
1089:William Fermor, 1st Baron Leominster
1078:Peregrine Osborne, 2nd Duke of Leeds
963:. He opposed the prosecution of Sir
425:, married Lady Bridget, daughter of
410:who served as Vice President of the
2828:Recipients of English royal pardons
2601:John Lowther, 1st Viscount Lonsdale
2494:George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle
2362:Thomas Egerton, 1st Baron Ellesmere
2347:Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury
2088:The 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
2046:The 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
1981:The 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
1937:The 2nd Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
1836:The Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery
1106:Charles Granville, 2nd Earl of Bath
1052:Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey
929:; and on 4 May 1694 he was created
427:Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey
236:The Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery
2648:Ford Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville
2481:Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon
2425:James Ley, 1st Earl of Marlborough
2395:James Ley, 1st Earl of Marlborough
2369:Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Suffolk
1666:Leeds, Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of
1596:, 1900), accessed 18 December 2015
25:
2873:People of the Glorious Revolution
2753:17th-century Royal Navy personnel
2585:John Belasyse, 1st Baron Belasyse
2558:John Belasyse, 1st Baron Belasyse
2506:Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds
1071:son (b. c. 1657?), died an infant
1046:Bridget Osborne, Duchess of Leeds
935:. The same year he supported the
877:Friction with the Whig ascendancy
335:and eventually imprisoned in the
315:Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds
2513:Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex
2404:
1651:
1354:Letters to Sir Joseph Williamson
1066:Edward Osborne, Viscount Latimer
381:Henry Danvers, 1st Earl of Danby
1791:Chief Minister of Great Britain
1664:Yorke, Philip Chesney (1911). "
1428:Phoenix Press reissue 2000 p.90
1030:, where he rose to the rank of
567:Royal Declaration of Indulgence
406:Osborne's father was a staunch
285:Sir Edward Osborne, 1st Baronet
131:Chief Minister of Great Britain
2778:Lord Presidents of the Council
2693:John Poulett, 1st Earl Poulett
2029:The Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull
1858:Governor of Kingston-upon-Hull
1784:The Lord Clifford of Chudleigh
1087:without issue, married second
1085:Donough O'Brien, Lord Ibrackan
351:to depose James II during the
168:The Lord Clifford of Chudleigh
1:
1826:Lord President of the Council
1461:, p. 367 Cites: Boyer's
895:Lord President of the Council
187:Lord President of the Council
63:
2833:Osborne family (aristocracy)
2793:Lord-lieutenants of Somerset
2717:Italics indicate service as
1577:Harleian MSS. 2264, No. 239.
1415:, 46; Pype's Diary Viii. 143
1214:UK public library membership
2868:Impeached British officials
2853:17th-century Scottish peers
1998:Lord Lieutenant of Somerset
1411:, p. 367 Cites Macy's
1356:(Camden Soc., 1874), i. 64.
1231:Chronicles of London Bridge
860:. In November, he occupied
830:Following the accession of
505:, and in 1677 received the
441:. In 1661 he was appointed
363:Osborne was the son of Sir
2889:
2823:High sheriffs of Yorkshire
2803:East York Militia officers
2719:First Lord of the Treasury
2604:(March 1690–November 1690)
2588:(December 1688–April 1689)
2107:The Marquess of Dorchester
1954:The 2nd Earl of Burlington
1927:The 1st Earl of Burlington
1178:1st Marquess of Carmarthen
864:for William, returning to
715:, Danby had preferred Sir
669:Fall from grace, 1678–1688
387:and great-grandson of Sir
2715:
2402:
2259:
2246:
2238:
2231:
2221:
2208:
2203:
2196:
2177:
2166:
2155:
2144:
2134:
2125:
2120:
2113:
2103:
2092:
2084:
2079:
2069:
2060:
2052:
2042:
2033:
2025:
2015:
1995:
1991:The Viscount Fitzhardinge
1987:
1977:
1968:
1960:
1950:
1941:
1933:
1923:
1914:
1906:
1896:
1890:High Sheriff of Yorkshire
1887:
1879:
1874:
1864:
1855:
1847:
1842:
1832:
1823:
1815:
1801:
1788:
1780:
1770:
1753:
1745:
1740:
1725:
1705:
1692:
1685:
1545:Memoirs of Sir John Macky
1530:(407, column 1263). 1812.
1006:Northamptonshire, England
707:Impeachment and attainder
632:that was the germ of the
553:, and an opponent of all
443:High Sheriff of Yorkshire
297:
241:
192:
140:
84:
73:
51:
2758:People from Kiveton Park
2215:(descended by surrender)
791:Sir Edmund Berry Godfrey
503:West Riding of Yorkshire
483:Baron Osborne of Kiveton
2725:was ruled by Commission
2596:(April 1689–March 1690)
1883:Sir Thomas Slingsby, Bt
1675:Encyclopædia Britannica
692:The Earl of Shaftesbury
290:Anne Walmesley (mother)
2788:Lords of the Admiralty
2324:(1603–1649; 1660–1714)
2147:Marquess of Carmarthen
2073:The Viscount of Irvine
2004:The Earl of Devonshire
1910:The Duke of Buckingham
1819:The Earl of Sunderland
1611:British History Online
1206:10.1093/ref:odnb/20884
1047:
883:Marquess of Carmarthen
827:
783:Act of Settlement 1701
522:
311:
224:The Earl of Sunderland
2843:English MPs 1661–1679
2763:Knights of the Garter
2516:(March–November 1679)
2484:(June–September 1660)
2233:Baronetage of England
1868:The Duke of Newcastle
1756:Treasurer of the Navy
1687:Parliament of England
1276:, p. 366 Cites:
1154:Baronetage of England
1045:
961:Royal Fishery Company
857:Invitation to William
825:
520:
459:Treasurer of the Navy
445:and was then elected
359:Early life, 1632–1674
339:for five years until
329:Charles II of England
306:
79:Treasurer of the Navy
2773:Lord high treasurers
2612:(November 1690–1694)
2561:(1687–December 1688)
2524:(November 1679–1684)
2318:Lord High Treasurers
1964:The Earl of Mulgrave
1900:Sir Thomas Gower, Bt
1762:Sir Thomas Littleton
1749:The Earl of Anglesey
1708:Member of Parliament
1575:, p. 368 Cites
1543:, p. 368 Cites
1477:, pp. 367, 368.
1352:, p. 367 Cites
1336:, p. 367 Cites
1324:, pp. 366, 367.
1280:(1673–1675), p. 449.
1278:Cal. of St Pap. Dom.
1229:, p. 366 Cites
1170:1st Viscount Latimer
1158:1st Viscount Osborne
957:University of Oxford
725:Duchess of Cleveland
711:In appointing a new
561:Politics of religion
417:Osborne, the future
412:Council of the North
393:Lord Mayor of London
112:The Earl of Anglesey
2708:(July–October 1714)
2198:Peerage of Scotland
2098:north of the Trent
2056:The Earl Fauconberg
2019:The Duke of Ormonde
1795:Lord High Treasurer
1296:xi Rep. pr. vii 14.
1162:Peerage of Scotland
850:politicians in the
844:William of Orange's
545:, an enemy of both
353:Glorious Revolution
341:James II of England
135:Lord High Treasurer
2768:Lord High Stewards
2115:Peerage of England
2008:The Earl of Dorset
1741:Political offices
1734:Sir Henry Thompson
1182:Peerage of England
1048:
945:East India Company
828:
713:secretary of state
543:established church
523:
489:in the peerage of
397:Sir William Hewett
312:
27:English politician
2730:
2729:
2508:(1673–March 1679)
2269:
2268:
2263:Peregrine Osborne
2260:Succeeded by
2225:Peregrine Osborne
2222:Succeeded by
2216:
2189:
2138:Peregrine Osborne
2135:Succeeded by
2104:Succeeded by
2070:Succeeded by
2043:Succeeded by
2016:Succeeded by
2010:
1978:Succeeded by
1951:Succeeded by
1924:Succeeded by
1897:Succeeded by
1865:Succeeded by
1851:The Lord Langdale
1843:Military offices
1833:Succeeded by
1808:The Earl of Essex
1802:Succeeded by
1771:Succeeded by
1765:
1729:Metcalfe Robinson
1726:Succeeded by
1721:Metcalfe Robinson
1716:1665–1673
1696:Metcalfe Robinson
1636:978-0-9566831-4-4
1212:(Subscription or
1174:1st Earl of Danby
1166:1st Baron Osborne
1008:on 26 July 1712.
994:Henry Sacheverell
923:Lord High Steward
807:Edward Fitzharris
789:of the murder of
775:bill of attainder
660:France. In 1676,
638:Act of Settlement
618:William of Orange
529:, Buckingham and
455:Earl of Clarendon
349:William of Orange
301:
300:
180:The Earl of Essex
41:The Duke of Leeds
16:(Redirected from
2880:
2702:(1711–July 1714)
2408:
2308:
2301:
2294:
2285:
2278:The Danby Papers
2239:Preceded by
2214:
2211:Viscount Osborne
2183:
2169:Viscount Latimer
2085:Preceded by
2053:Preceded by
2026:Preceded by
2001:
1988:Preceded by
1961:Preceded by
1934:Preceded by
1907:Preceded by
1880:Preceded by
1875:Honorary titles
1848:Preceded by
1816:Preceded by
1781:Preceded by
1759:
1746:Preceded by
1693:Preceded by
1683:
1679:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1638:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1603:
1597:
1585:
1579:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1538:
1532:
1531:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1478:
1472:
1466:
1456:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1429:
1422:
1416:
1406:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1382:
1357:
1347:
1341:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1310:
1303:
1297:
1287:
1281:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1234:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1209:
1191:
1185:
1142:
1125:Nathaniel Bladen
925:at the trial of
755:; but while the
569:, supported the
487:Viscount Latimer
475:privy councillor
471:Viscount Osborne
467:William Coventry
463:Thomas Lyttelton
322:
272:
261:20 February 1632
260:
258:
246:Personal details
232:
220:
197:
176:
164:
145:
120:
108:
89:
68:
65:
60:Johann Kerseboom
56:
32:
21:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2711:
2678:
2670:
2623:
2615:
2576:
2564:
2543:
2535:
2472:
2464:
2417:
2409:
2400:
2333:
2325:
2322:House of Stuart
2312:
2274:
2265:
2256:
2251:
2244:
2227:
2218:
2213:
2191:
2182:
2172:
2161:
2150:
2140:
2131:
2109:
2100:
2097:
2095:Justice in Eyre
2090:
2075:
2066:
2058:
2048:
2039:
2031:
2021:
2012:
2006:
2000:
1993:
1983:
1974:
1966:
1956:
1947:
1939:
1929:
1920:
1912:
1902:
1893:
1885:
1870:
1861:
1853:
1838:
1829:
1821:
1811:
1805:
1798:
1793:
1786:
1776:
1767:
1758:
1751:
1736:
1731:
1717:
1715:
1703:
1698:
1663:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1642:
1641:
1629:
1625:
1615:
1613:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1586:
1582:
1571:
1567:
1559:
1555:
1539:
1535:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1508:
1504:
1496:
1481:
1473:
1469:
1457:
1453:
1445:
1441:
1436:
1432:
1426:The Popish Plot
1423:
1419:
1407:
1403:
1395:
1391:
1383:
1360:
1348:
1344:
1332:
1328:
1320:
1313:
1309:, p. 366))
1304:
1300:
1294:Hist. MSS. Com.
1288:
1284:
1272:
1268:
1260:
1237:
1225:
1221:
1211:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1121:
1040:
998:Lord Privy Seal
981:
969:Peter the Great
911:
899:Lord Privy Seal
879:
854:who signed the
820:
779:Tower of London
709:
671:
645:Treaty of Dover
605:
603:Foreign affairs
563:
547:Roman Catholics
515:
435:
423:Dorothy Osborne
361:
337:Tower of London
318:
293:
270:
256:
254:
230:
218:
198:
193:
174:
162:
146:
141:
133:
118:
106:
90:
85:
69:
66:
47:
42:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2886:
2884:
2876:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2838:Dukes of Leeds
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2735:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2703:
2697:
2689:
2682:
2680:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2660:
2652:
2644:
2636:
2627:
2625:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2605:
2597:
2589:
2580:
2578:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2554:
2547:
2545:
2537:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2525:
2517:
2509:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2476:
2474:
2466:
2465:
2463:
2462:
2456:
2448:
2442:
2434:
2428:
2421:
2419:
2411:
2410:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2392:
2386:
2380:
2372:
2366:
2358:
2350:
2344:
2337:
2335:
2327:
2326:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2303:
2296:
2288:
2282:
2281:
2273:
2272:External links
2270:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2258:
2245:
2242:Edward Osborne
2240:
2236:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2220:
2207:
2201:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2184:(descended by
2175:
2174:
2164:
2163:
2153:
2152:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2133:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2102:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2081:
2080:Legal offices
2077:
2076:
2071:
2068:
2059:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2044:
2041:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2022:
2017:
2014:
1994:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1976:
1967:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1949:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1922:
1913:
1908:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1895:
1886:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1863:
1854:
1849:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1831:
1822:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1803:
1800:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1777:
1774:Edward Seymour
1772:
1769:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1737:
1727:
1724:
1704:
1694:
1690:
1689:
1681:
1680:
1670:Chisholm, Hugh
1646:
1643:
1640:
1639:
1623:
1598:
1580:
1565:
1553:
1549:Roxburghe Club
1533:
1514:
1502:
1500:, p. 368.
1479:
1467:
1451:
1439:
1430:
1424:Kenyon, J.P.
1417:
1401:
1389:
1387:, p. 367.
1358:
1342:
1326:
1311:
1298:
1282:
1266:
1264:, p. 366.
1235:
1219:
1186:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1102:
1092:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1063:
1039:
1036:
980:
977:
937:Triennial Bill
910:
907:
878:
875:
819:
816:
766:new Parliament
717:William Temple
708:
705:
681:Gilbert Burnet
670:
667:
610:Dutch Republic
604:
601:
592:Compton Census
562:
559:
527:Cabal Ministry
514:
511:
434:
431:
419:Lord Treasurer
389:Edward Osborne
385:Hewett Osborne
365:Edward Osborne
360:
357:
345:Immortal Seven
299:
298:
295:
294:
292:
291:
288:
281:
279:
275:
274:
273:(aged 80)
267:
263:
262:
252:
248:
247:
243:
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239:
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215:
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138:
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127:
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124:Edward Seymour
121:
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2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
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2720:
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2698:
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2673:
2666:
2665:
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2657:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2645:
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2641:
2637:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2460:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2446:
2445:William Juxon
2443:
2440:
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2297:
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2255:
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2237:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2217:
2212:
2206:
2202:
2199:
2195:
2190:
2187:
2181:
2180:Baron Osborne
2176:
2171:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2159:
2158:Earl of Danby
2154:
2149:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2130:
2129:
2128:Duke of Leeds
2123:
2119:
2116:
2112:
2108:
2099:
2096:
2089:
2083:
2078:
2074:
2065:
2064:
2057:
2051:
2047:
2038:
2037:
2030:
2024:
2020:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2002:jointly with
1999:
1992:
1986:
1982:
1973:
1972:
1965:
1959:
1955:
1946:
1945:
1938:
1932:
1928:
1919:
1918:
1911:
1905:
1901:
1892:
1891:
1884:
1878:
1873:
1869:
1860:
1859:
1852:
1846:
1841:
1837:
1828:
1827:
1820:
1814:
1809:
1804:In Commission
1797:
1796:
1792:
1785:
1779:
1775:
1766:
1763:
1760:jointly with
1757:
1750:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1730:
1723:
1722:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1702:
1697:
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1688:
1684:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1667:
1661:
1660:public domain
1649:
1648:
1644:
1637:
1633:
1627:
1624:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1593:Leeds Mercury
1589:
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1578:
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1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
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1110:
1108:without issue
1107:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1091:and had issue
1090:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1062:and had issue
1061:
1060:James Herbert
1057:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1044:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1018:
1017:Earl of Danby
1014:
1009:
1007:
1003:
1002:Easton Neston
999:
995:
991:
986:
978:
976:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
948:
946:
942:
938:
934:
933:
932:Duke of Leeds
928:
924:
920:
916:
908:
906:
904:
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896:
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888:
884:
876:
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837:
833:
824:
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815:
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784:
780:
776:
771:
767:
763:
758:
754:
750:
746:
740:
738:
734:
730:
729:Paul Barillon
726:
722:
721:Ralph Montagu
718:
714:
706:
704:
702:
697:
693:
689:
684:
682:
677:
668:
666:
663:
658:
653:
651:
650:Ralph Montagu
646:
641:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
602:
600:
597:
596:coffee-houses
593:
589:
584:
580:
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572:
568:
560:
558:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
519:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
495:Earl of Danby
492:
488:
484:
480:
479:Lord Clifford
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
432:
430:
428:
424:
420:
415:
413:
409:
404:
402:
401:London Bridge
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
358:
356:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
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321:
316:
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305:
296:
289:
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268:
264:
253:
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234:
228:
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216:
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209:
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196:
191:
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154:
150:
144:
139:
136:
132:
128:
125:
122:
116:
113:
110:
104:
101:
98:
94:
88:
83:
80:
76:
72:
61:
55:
50:
46:
38:
33:
30:
19:
2691:
2662:
2654:
2646:
2638:
2630:
2607:
2599:
2591:
2583:
2556:
2527:
2519:
2511:
2505:
2479:
2450:
2438:William Laud
2436:
2376:George Abbot
2374:
2360:
2352:
2254:
2253:(of Kiveton)
2247:
2209:
2205:New creation
2204:
2186:acceleration
2178:
2167:
2156:
2145:
2126:
2122:New creation
2121:
2093:
2061:
2034:
1996:
1969:
1942:
1915:
1888:
1856:
1824:
1806:(First Lord
1789:
1754:
1719:
1706:
1673:
1626:
1614:. Retrieved
1610:
1601:
1591:
1583:
1576:
1568:
1556:
1551:, 1895), 46.
1544:
1536:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1505:
1470:
1465:(1722), 433.
1462:
1454:
1442:
1433:
1425:
1420:
1412:
1404:
1392:
1353:
1345:
1337:
1329:
1301:
1293:
1285:
1277:
1269:
1230:
1222:
1195:
1189:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1157:
1145:
1140:
1114:
1100:Philip Bisse
1049:
1032:vice admiral
1021:
1010:
985:Queen Anne's
982:
965:John Fenwick
949:
930:
912:
882:
880:
855:
829:
794:
787:
741:
710:
701:Israel Tonge
685:
676:Samuel Pepys
672:
656:
654:
642:
606:
564:
524:
494:
486:
482:
470:
436:
416:
405:
362:
347:who invited
314:
313:
309:coat of arms
271:(1712-07-26)
269:26 July 1712
231:Succeeded by
194:
175:Succeeded by
142:
119:Succeeded by
86:
58:Portrait by
29:
2748:1712 deaths
2743:1632 births
2723:HM Treasury
2696:(1710–1711)
2688:(1702–1710)
2679:(1702–1714)
2667:(1701–1702)
2659:(1700–1701)
2651:(1699–1700)
2643:(1697–1699)
2635:(1694–1697)
2624:(1694–1702)
2621:William III
2577:(1689–1694)
2553:(1685–1686)
2544:(1685–1688)
2532:(1684–1685)
2502:(1672–1673)
2496:(1667–1670)
2490:(1660–1667)
2473:(1660–1685)
2461:(1643–1646)
2455:(1641–1643)
2447:(1636–1641)
2441:(1635–1636)
2433:(1628–1633)
2427:(1625–1628)
2418:(1625–1649)
2397:(1624–1625)
2391:(1621–1624)
2385:(1620–1621)
2379:(1618–1620)
2371:(1614–1618)
2365:(1613–1614)
2357:(1612–1613)
2349:(1608–1612)
2343:(1603–1608)
2334:(1603–1625)
1645:Attribution
1437:Kenyon p.67
1146:2nd Baronet
1080:(1659–1729)
795:Reflections
749:Titus Oates
745:Popish Plot
737:impeachment
688:John Evelyn
429:, in 1651.
219:Preceded by
208:William III
163:Preceded by
107:Preceded by
67: 1704
2737:Categories
2470:Charles II
2320:under the
2257:1647–1712
2192:1673–1690
2173:1673–1712
2162:1674–1712
2151:1689–1712
2132:1694–1712
2101:1711–1712
2067:1692–1699
2040:1691–1699
2013:1690–1691
1975:1689–1699
1948:1689–1699
1921:1674–1679
1862:1689–1699
1830:1689–1699
1799:1673–1679
1768:1668–1673
1701:John Scott
1573:Yorke 1911
1561:Yorke 1911
1541:Yorke 1911
1510:Yorke 1911
1498:Yorke 1911
1475:Yorke 1911
1459:Yorke 1911
1447:Yorke 1911
1409:Yorke 1911
1397:Yorke 1911
1385:Yorke 1911
1350:Yorke 1911
1334:Yorke 1911
1322:Yorke 1911
1307:Yorke 1911
1290:Yorke 1911
1274:Yorke 1911
1262:Yorke 1911
1227:Yorke 1911
1216:required.)
1028:Royal Navy
941:Jacobitism
927:Lord Mohun
919:Place Bill
852:Revolution
799:Grand Jury
634:Revolution
588:Protestant
555:toleration
551:dissenters
539:Lauderdale
307:Osborne's
257:1632-02-20
156:Charles II
100:Charles II
18:Lord Danby
2415:Charles I
1764:1668–1671
1160:, in the
1152:, in the
1024:Peregrine
973:Wimbledon
887:Yorkshire
803:Middlesex
626:Louis XIV
575:recusants
531:Arlington
461:with Sir
377:Yorkshire
333:impeached
195:In office
143:In office
91:1668–1673
87:In office
37:His Grace
2541:James II
1119:See also
832:James II
811:Jeffreys
636:and the
571:Test Act
535:Cavalier
499:Scottish
408:Royalist
287:(father)
204:Monarchs
2570:William
2331:James I
2315:British
2249:Baronet
1672:(ed.).
1662::
1413:Memoirs
1180:in the
1150:Kiveton
955:by the
915:Ireland
840:Dykvelt
753:Commons
733:Speaker
696:Halifax
662:Ruvigny
657:against
622:James's
583:toryism
579:treason
491:England
373:Kiveton
369:Baronet
278:Parents
212:Mary II
152:Monarch
96:Monarch
2572:&
1718:With:
1668:". In
1656:
1634:
1616:6 July
1463:Annals
1210:
1164:, and
1038:Family
866:London
770:pardon
614:France
612:, not
507:Garter
2721:when
2219:1673
1894:1661
1148:, of
1132:Notes
891:Whigs
848:seven
757:Lords
2676:Anne
2574:Mary
1732:and
1712:York
1710:for
1699:and
1632:ISBN
1618:2020
1176:and
903:Rome
871:Mary
862:York
836:Tory
630:Mary
549:and
485:and
451:York
449:for
325:Tory
266:Died
251:Born
210:and
1202:doi
983:In
971:at
953:DCL
801:of
371:of
2739::
1609:.
1528:13
1526:.
1482:^
1361:^
1314:^
1238:^
1172:,
1168:,
1156:,
1034:.
1004:,
842:,
785:.
640:.
509:.
447:MP
391:,
375:,
367:,
320:KG
317:,
64:c.
62:,
45:KG
2307:e
2300:t
2293:v
2188:)
1810:)
1620:.
1590:(
1547:(
1208:.
1204::
1184:.
259:)
255:(
20:)
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