810:
161:
404:
415:, his residence, and devoted his time to beekeeping. The site was 10 acres (40,000 m), and was an ideal place to keep bees. Langstroth planted a row of linden trees along the street, and apple trees throughout his property. He sowed buckwheat and clover seed, using 1-acre (4,000 m) of ground for a formal garden, filled with the flowers that bees like best, and called it his honey garden. The home where he lived from 1858 to 1887 was built in 1856, and is now called
44:
829:
179:, clergyman, and teacher, who has been called the father of American beekeeping. He recognized the concept of bee-space, a minimum distance that bees avoid sealing up. Although not his own discovery, the use of this principle allowed for the use of frames that the bees leave separate and this allowed the use of rectangular frames within the design of what is now called the
334:
363:, and yet multiply colonies with greater rapidity and certainty than by the common methods .... feeble colonies could be strengthened, and those which had lost their queen furnished with the means of obtaining another. .... If I suspected that anything was wrong with a hive, I could quickly ascertain its true condition and apply the proper remedies.
288:
had been focused on side-opened hives. Land resources in Europe had been limited, and bees were traditionally kept in beehouses. The idea of “bee space” had been incorporated by
Berlepsch following Dzierzon’s discoveries, from the years 1835–1848, into his frame arrangement (Bienen-Zeitung, May
463:
Inscribed to the memory of Rev. L.L Langstroth, "Father of
American beekeeping," by his affectionate beneficiaries who, in the remembrance of the service rendered by his persistent and painstaking observations and experiments with the honey bee, his improvements in the hive, and the literary ability
350:
in
America. A Philadelphia cabinetmaker and fellow bee enthusiast, Henry Bourquin, made Langstroth's first hives for him. By 1852, Langstroth had more than a hundred of these hives, and began selling them where he could. Langstroth spent many years attempting to defend his patent without success. He
345:
had created movable-frame hives in 1806. Prokopovich's frames rested on the bottom. The idea was however unknown to
Langstroth. Langstroth filed his patent in January 1852 and shortly after that he fell ill and he was forced to quit his schoolteaching and he returned to Greenfield. Here he wrote a
442:
Langstroth received his first
Italian bees at his home in 1863; Italian bees were more productive than the European bees that were most common in America at the time. He and his son sold the Italian queens at $ 20USD each, and in one year, sold 100 of them, with many being sent by post all over the
372:
was the chief sweetener in
American diets, so Langstroth's new beekeeping techniques were of great importance. His discoveries and inventions allowed beekeeping to be done more cost-effectively on a large scale. Since four to twelve pounds of honey—in addition to many hours of bee time—are consumed
367:
Langstroth also found that several communicating hive boxes can be stacked one above another, and that the queen can be confined to the lowest (or brood) chamber, by means of a queen excluder. In this way, the upper chambers can be reached only by the workers, and therefore contain only honey-comb.
243:
in this hive were examined like pages in a book. Langstroth read the works of
Francois Huber and Edward Bevan and obtained a Huber leaf hive in 1838. Langstroth acknowledged Huber's contribution and noted: “The use of the Huber hive had satisfied me that, with proper precautions, the combs might be
296:
in his top-opening hive. In the summer of 1851, he found that by leaving an even, approximately bee-sized space between the top of the frames holding the honeycomb and the flat coverboard above, he was able to remove the coverboard quite easily, which was normally well-cemented to the frames with
346:
Bee Keeper's Manual. A translation was made of
Dzierzon's book by Samuel Wagner who visited Langstroth and persuaded Langstroth to write a book. Wagner began the American Bee Journal in 1861. On 5 October 1852, Langstroth received a patent on the first movable frame
244:
removed without enraging the bees, and that these insects were capable of being tamed to a surprising degree. Without knowledge of these facts, I should have regarded a hive permitting the removal of the combs as quite too dangerous for practical use.” (
438:
and son
Camille Pierre who had settled from France in Hamilton, Illinois. They published in French and Italian and came to the defence of Langstroth when his patent was challenged as being based on older ideas.
607:
219:. A large granite marker was placed on the church's front lawn by national beekeeper E. F. Phillips and others in 1948. In 1848, Langstroth became the principal of a young ladies' school in
368:
This made hive inspection and many other management practices possible, and turned the art of beekeeping into a full-scale industry. At the time of
Langstroth's contributions,
902:
455:. Langstroth died at the pulpit of the Wayne Avenue Presbyterian Church in Dayton on October 6, 1895, just as he was beginning a sermon on the love of God. He is buried at
160:
391:(Northampton (Massachusetts): Hopkins, Bridgman, 1853), which provided practical advice on bee management and, after more than 40 editions, is still in print today.
215:
in May 1836. In 1838 he visited a friend who kept bees and became interested in beekeeping. From 1843–48, he served as pastor of the Second Congregational Church in
195:
on December 25 1810, the second of eight children in a family of English descent. Even as a boy he showed keen interest in insects. He graduated in theology from
907:
601:
301:, and made separation difficult. Langstroth later used this discovery to make the frames themselves easily removable. If a small space was left (less than
922:
359:... the chief peculiarity in my hive was the facility with which they could be removed without enraging the bees .... I could dispense with natural
927:
572:
754:
912:
280: in) was present, bees did not close it with wax. This allowed movable frames which could be kept free of each other. In Europe, both
208:
114:
897:
892:
551:
536:
289:
1852). Langstroth made many other discoveries in beekeeping, and contributed greatly to the industrialization of modern beekeeping.
464:
shown in the first scientific and popular book on the subject of beekeeping in the United States, gratefully erect this monument.
887:
456:
403:
843:
469:
260:," though this discovery had already been implemented in European hives. The discovery was that if a gap of 7 to 10 mm (
917:
882:
867:
420:
341:
In 1851 he created something called improved bar-hives where he used bars at the top of the hive to suspend combs.
192:
71:
424:
220:
216:
564:
834:
722:
212:
776:
Hoffman, Marc (January 2010). "Appreciating Lorenzo Langstroth: Inventor, Scientist, Author, Minister".
200:
683:
644:
199:
in 1831, and subsequently held a tutorship there from 1834–1835. After this, he was pastor of various
877:
872:
285:
239:, was a fully movable frame hive, but had solid frames that were touching and made up the "box." The
746:
416:
387:
In 1853, Langstroth had moved back to Greenfield, Massachusetts from Philadelphia, and published
603:
The ABC of Bee Culture: A Cyclopaedia of Everything Pertaining to the Care of the Honey-bee ...
839:
805:
781:
703:
664:
568:
547:
532:
236:
165:
814:
695:
656:
428:
342:
558:
17:
352:
196:
180:
130:
102:
281:
435:
861:
204:
852:
699:
660:
452:
412:
90:
43:
801:
518:
351:
never earned any royalties, because the patent was easily and widely infringed.
232:
785:
707:
668:
491:
501:
434:
Langstroth's book was taken over for revisions from 1885 by the bee-keepers
293:
257:
240:
176:
848:
481:
333:
823:
581:
522:
451:
In 1887, he moved with his daughter, Mrs. H. C. Cowan, and her family to
360:
312:
298:
374:
347:
521:— his great-great-grandson, astrophysicist, and co-discoverer of the
819:
727:(3rd ed.). New York: C. M. Saxton, Barker & Co. p. 15
402:
369:
332:
159:
835:
Scan of "Langstroth on the hive and the honey-bee" 1853 edition
560:
America's Master of Bee Culture: The Life of L. L. Langstroth
292:
Langstroth revolutionized the beekeeping industry by using
504:— L.L. Langstroth's joint patent (with S. Wagner) for an
377:, honey production was increased from reuse of the comb.
325: in or 9.5 mm), the bees filled it with comb.
256:
Langstroth was popularly credited with discovering the "
315:; conversely, when a larger space was left (more than
175:(December 25, 1810 – October 6, 1895) was an American
506:
Improved Apparatus for Extracting Honey from the Comb
431:
Center for the Enhancement of Learning and Teaching.
146:
138:
123:
109:
98:
79:
53:
34:
311: in or 6.4 mm), the bees filled it with
461:
357:
724:A Practical Treatise on the Hive and Honey-Bee
682:Johansson, T. S. K.; Johansson, M. P. (1967).
355:are still in common use today. He wrote that
8:
903:Burials at Woodland Cemetery and Arboretum
840:L. L. (Lorenzo Lorraine) Langstroth papers
373:by bees in the production of one pound of
42:
31:
780:. Vol. 138, no. 1. p. 21.
684:"Lorenzo L. Langstroth and the Bee Space"
459:in Dayton. His epitaph reads as follows:
592:
468:Langstroth's papers are located at the
645:"The Story of Langstroth and His Book"
721:Langstroth, Lorenzo Lorraine (1860).
7:
908:American Congregationalist ministers
638:
636:
634:
168:at 106 S. Front St., Philadelphia PA
115:South Church, Andover, Massachusetts
628:US Patent US9300A - October 5, 1852
610:from the original on March 18, 2023
529:Langstroth's Hive and the Honey-Bee
811:Works by or about L. L. Langstroth
539:(original version, still in print)
407:Langstroth Cottage in Oxford, Ohio
25:
757:from the original on June 2, 2016
494:— L.L. Langstroth's patent for a
484:— L.L. Langstroth's patent for a
827:
923:19th-century American educators
457:Woodland Cemetery and Arboretum
844:American Philosophical Society
700:10.1080/0005772X.1967.11097170
661:10.1080/0005772X.1961.11096911
470:American Philosophical Society
1:
735:– via Internet Archive.
329:Innovations to beehive design
134:Father of American beekeeping
27:American apiarist (1810–1895)
928:19th-century American clergy
252:Development of the bee space
154:Harriet A. Langstroth (1847)
913:Educators from Philadelphia
826:(public domain audiobooks)
544:Great Masters of Beekeeping
498:Reissued from May 26, 1863.
427:, and is today home to the
411:After 1858 Langstroth made
393:Langstroth on the Honey Bee
246:Langstroth on the Honey-Bee
231:The Leaf Hive, invented in
227:Contributions to beekeeping
173:Lorenzo Lorraine Langstroth
58:Lorenzo Lorraine Langstroth
18:Lorenzo Lorraine Langstroth
944:
421:National Historic Landmark
389:The Hive and the Honey-Bee
382:The Hive and the Honey-Bee
193:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
72:Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
820:Works by L. L. Langstroth
802:Works by L. L. Langstroth
472:Library in Philadelphia.
425:Western College for Women
221:Greenfield, Massachusetts
217:Greenfield, Massachusetts
41:
898:Clergy from Philadelphia
893:People from Oxford, Ohio
600:Root, Amos Ives (1891).
565:Cornell University Press
557:Naile, Florence (1976).
546:, Bee Books New and Old
423:. It was donated to the
395:was published in 1860.
191:Langstroth was born in
150:James Langstroth (1837)
142:Anne Tucker (1812–1873)
888:Yale University alumni
747:"Lorenzo L Langstroth"
508:from January 15, 1867.
466:
408:
365:
338:
213:Andover, Massachusetts
169:
164:Lorenzo L. Langstroth
152:Anna Langstroth (1840)
751:americasbeekeeper.org
643:Grout, R. A. (1961).
531:, Dover Publications
488:from October 5, 1852.
419:; it is designated a
406:
336:
187:Early life and family
163:
399:Move to Oxford, Ohio
286:August von Berlepsch
197:Yale Divinity School
918:Educators from Ohio
883:American beekeepers
868:Beekeeping pioneers
606:pp. 325–326.
417:Langstroth Cottage
409:
339:
170:
113:5th Pastor of the
48:Langstroth in 1890
806:Project Gutenberg
574:978-0-8014-1053-6
166:historical marker
158:
157:
68:December 25, 1810
16:(Redirected from
935:
849:L. L. Langstroth
831:
830:
815:Internet Archive
790:
789:
773:
767:
766:
764:
762:
743:
737:
736:
734:
732:
718:
712:
711:
679:
673:
672:
640:
629:
626:
620:
619:
617:
615:
597:
578:
492:US Patent RE1484
429:Miami University
353:Langstroth hives
343:Petr Prokopovich
337:Langstroth at 70
324:
323:
319:
310:
309:
305:
279:
278:
274:
269:
268:
264:
207:, including the
129:Inventor of the
126:
86:
67:
65:
46:
36:L. L. Langstroth
32:
21:
943:
942:
938:
937:
936:
934:
933:
932:
858:
857:
828:
798:
793:
775:
774:
770:
760:
758:
745:
744:
740:
730:
728:
720:
719:
715:
681:
680:
676:
655:(12): 314–319.
642:
641:
632:
627:
623:
613:
611:
599:
598:
594:
590:
575:
556:
515:
502:US Patent 61216
478:
449:
443:United States.
401:
385:
331:
321:
317:
316:
307:
303:
302:
276:
272:
271:
266:
262:
261:
254:
229:
189:
181:Langstroth hive
153:
151:
133:
131:Langstroth hive
124:
118:
103:Yale University
99:Alma mater
94:
88:
84:
83:October 6, 1895
75:
69:
63:
61:
60:
59:
49:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
941:
939:
931:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
860:
859:
856:
855:
846:
837:
832:
817:
808:
797:
796:External links
794:
792:
791:
768:
738:
713:
694:(4): 133–143.
674:
630:
621:
591:
589:
586:
585:
584:
579:
573:
554:
540:
526:
514:
511:
510:
509:
499:
489:
482:US Patent 9300
477:
474:
448:
445:
436:Charles Dadant
400:
397:
384:
379:
330:
327:
253:
250:
237:François Huber
228:
225:
201:Congregational
188:
185:
156:
155:
148:
144:
143:
140:
136:
135:
127:
121:
120:
111:
107:
106:
100:
96:
95:
89:
87:(aged 84)
81:
77:
76:
70:
57:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
940:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
865:
863:
854:
850:
847:
845:
841:
838:
836:
833:
825:
821:
818:
816:
812:
809:
807:
803:
800:
799:
795:
787:
783:
779:
772:
769:
756:
752:
748:
742:
739:
726:
725:
717:
714:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
678:
675:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
639:
637:
635:
631:
625:
622:
614:September 30,
609:
605:
604:
596:
593:
587:
583:
580:
576:
570:
566:
562:
561:
555:
553:
552:0-905652-31-2
549:
545:
541:
538:
537:0-486-43384-6
534:
530:
527:
524:
520:
517:
516:
512:
507:
503:
500:
497:
493:
490:
487:
483:
480:
479:
475:
473:
471:
465:
460:
458:
454:
446:
444:
440:
437:
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
405:
398:
396:
394:
390:
383:
380:
378:
376:
371:
364:
362:
356:
354:
349:
344:
335:
328:
326:
314:
300:
295:
290:
287:
283:
259:
251:
249:
247:
242:
238:
234:
226:
224:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
205:Massachusetts
202:
198:
194:
186:
184:
182:
178:
174:
167:
162:
149:
145:
141:
137:
132:
128:
122:
116:
112:
110:Occupation(s)
108:
104:
101:
97:
92:
82:
78:
73:
56:
52:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
853:Find a Grave
777:
771:
759:. Retrieved
750:
741:
729:. Retrieved
723:
716:
691:
687:
677:
652:
648:
624:
612:. Retrieved
602:
595:
559:
543:
542:Ron Brown's
528:
505:
495:
485:
467:
462:
453:Dayton, Ohio
450:
441:
433:
413:Oxford, Ohio
410:
392:
388:
386:
381:
366:
358:
340:
291:
282:Jan DzierĹĽon
255:
245:
230:
209:South Church
203:churches in
190:
172:
171:
125:Notable work
91:Dayton, Ohio
85:(1895-10-06)
29:
878:1895 deaths
873:1810 births
778:Bee Culture
519:Clyde Cowan
235:in 1789 by
233:Switzerland
862:Categories
588:References
447:Later life
64:1810-12-25
786:1071-3190
708:0005-772X
688:Bee World
669:0005-772X
649:Bee World
294:bee space
258:bee space
119:Beekeeper
824:LibriVox
755:Archived
608:Archived
582:Apiology
523:neutrino
513:See also
496:Bee hive
486:Bee hive
361:swarming
313:propolis
299:propolis
248:, 1860)
177:apiarist
147:Children
842:at the
813:at the
731:June 9,
476:Patents
375:beeswax
348:beehive
320:⁄
306:⁄
275:⁄
265:⁄
784:
761:May 5,
706:
667:
571:
550:
535:
139:Spouse
105:(1831)
93:, U.S.
74:, U.S.
370:honey
241:combs
782:ISSN
763:2016
733:2024
704:ISSN
665:ISSN
616:2022
569:ISBN
548:ISBN
533:ISBN
284:and
80:Died
54:Born
851:at
822:at
804:at
696:doi
657:doi
270:to
211:in
864::
753:.
749:.
702:.
692:48
690:.
686:.
663:.
653:42
651:.
647:.
633:^
567:.
563:.
223:.
183:.
788:.
765:.
710:.
698::
671:.
659::
618:.
577:.
525:.
322:8
318:3
308:4
304:1
277:8
273:3
267:4
263:1
117:;
66:)
62:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
