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520:. The Herero nation must now leave the country. If it refuses, I shall compel it to do so with the 'long tube' (cannon). Any Herero found inside the German frontier, with or without a gun or cattle, will be executed. I shall spare neither women nor children. I shall give the order to drive them away and fire on them. Such are my words to the Herero people.
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This proclamation is to be read to the troops at roll-call, with the addition that the unit that catches a captain will also receive the appropriate reward, and that the shooting at women and children is to be understood as shooting above their heads, so as to force them to run . I assume absolutely
617:
in
October 2007 by invitation of the local Herero chiefs and publicly apologised for his actions. Wolf-Thilo von Trotha, a member of the family, said, "We, the von Trotha family, are deeply ashamed of the terrible events that took place 100 years ago. Human rights were grossly abused that time."
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The Nama who chooses not to surrender and lets himself be seen in German territory will be shot, until all are exterminated. Those who, at the start of the rebellion, committed murder against whites or have commanded that whites be murdered have, by law, forfeited their lives. As for the few not
515:
I, the great general of the German soldiers, send this letter to the
Hereros. The Hereros are German subjects no longer. They have killed, stolen, cut off the ears and other parts of the body of wounded soldiers, and now are too cowardly to want to fight any longer. I announce to the people that
533:
Trotha defended his policies later in his life. "It was and is my policy to use force with terrorism and even brutality." An undisclosed German soldier was reported to have said of the massacres "...the death rattle of the dying and the shrieks of the mad...they echo in the sublime stillness of
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features a semi-fictionalized Trotha, although differing in name: Lother von
Schmidt. This version also had a son, Karl, and two grandsons, Johannes and Paul, the latter of whom is the game's protagonist. His roles in the Boxer Rebellion and the Herero Wars are mentioned, including part of his
507:. The Herero fled into the desert and Trotha ordered his troops to poison water holes, erect guard posts along a 150-mile line and shoot on sight any Herero, be they man, woman or child, who attempted to escape. To make his attitude to the Herero absolutely clear, Trotha then issued the
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that this proclamation will result in taking no more male prisoners, but will not degenerate into atrocities against women and children. The latter will run away if one shoots at them a couple of times. The troops will remain conscious of the good reputation of the German soldier.
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had been raging for five months. The German command up to that time had minimal success against the Herero guerrilla tactics. Initially, he too suffered losses. In
October 1904 General von Trotha devised a new battle plan to end the uprisings by the Herero. At the
630:, Germany's development aid minister. In addition, she admitted the massacres were equivalent to genocide. The two countries have generally had a good relationship since and Germany has tailored economic and political packages for the people of Namibia.
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defeated, it will fare with them as it fared with the Herero, who in their blindness also believed that they could make war successfully on the powerful German
Emperor and the great German people. I ask you, where are the Herero today?
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officially apologized for the genocide, but rejected calls to pay reparations to the descendants of the Herero and Nama. "We
Germans accept our historic and moral responsibility and the guilt incurred by Germans at that time," said
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In May 2021, the German government officially recognized the genocide and agreed to pay €1.1 billion over 30 years to fund projects in communities that were impacted by the genocide.
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has a street named after von Trotha, since "long before independence". In 2016, calls to rename this street surfaced, and the municipality promised to initiate the renaming in 2017.
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and used as labour for German businesses, where many died of overwork, malnutrition or disease. Prior to the uprisings, there were estimated to be 80,000 Herero. The 1911
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as "von Trotha Straße". In 2006 the Munich city council officially decided to change the name of this street to "Herero Straße" in honour of the general's victims.
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infinity." Trotha's tactics were in marked distinction to that of the Herero leaders, who were, in the main, careful to ensure that only soldiers were attacked.
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On 19 May 1912, following his retirement from the service, he married Lucy
Goldstein-Brinckmann (1881–1958), a second marriage for both. Lucy came from a
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The
Complete Blue Max: A Chronological Record of the Holders of the Pour le Mérite, Prussia's Highest Military Order, from 1740 to 1918
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for his services in Africa. 17 days later, Lothar von Trotha returned to
Germany, and was retired in the next year. In 1910 he was
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560:. On 22 April 1905 he sent a message to the Nama, suggesting they surrender, and mentioning the fate of the Herero.
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Approximately 10,000 Nama died during the fighting, the remaining 9,000 were confined to concentration camps.
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Jewish family which had converted to
Christianity. Trotha had two sons, who died without known descendants.
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357:. As a brigade commander of the East Asian Expedition Corps, he was involved in suppressing the
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Let Us Die Fighting: The Struggle of the Herero and Nama Against German Imperialism, 1884–1915
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as Brigade Commander of the East Asian Expedition Corps, he was involved in suppressing the
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As General von Trotha has no living descendants, some of his distant relations traveled to
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397:. He was married twice; on 15 October 1872 he married Bertha Neumann, who died in 1905.
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735:"Talking about genocide: Namibia 1904 - Peace pledge union (British pacifist site)"
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Absolute Destruction: Military Culture and the Practices of War in Imperial Germany
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Blood and soil: a world history of genocide and extermination from Sparta to Darfur
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whoever hands me one of the chiefs shall receive 1,000 marks, and 5,000 marks for
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genocide that led to the near-extermination of the Namaqua Khoikhoi and the Herero
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He was commander of the Lauenburgisches Jäger Bataillon Nr. 9 for two years in
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Trotha arrived in South West Africa on 11 June 1904, when the war against the
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and was ruthlessly successful in suppressing uprisings there, including the
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864:"Germany agrees to pay Namibia €1.1bn over historical Herero-Nama genocide"
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Trotha's methods caused public outcry which led the Imperial Chancellor
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Newspaper reports following von Trotha's death in March 1920
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Evangelischer Presseverband für Bayern (6 October 2006).
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2nd Class. He married Bertha Neumann on 15 October 1872.
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German military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War
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In 1933, the Nazi authorities had named a street in
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1171:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (military class)
1136:German military personnel of the Boxer Rebellion
393:Lothar von Trotha belonged to a prominent Saxon
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1166:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1870), 2nd class
1161:Military personnel from the Province of Saxony
621:On 16 August 2004 the German government under
446:In 1894 Trotha was appointed commander of the
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580:of a General of the Infantry. Trotha died of
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789:"Stadt München benennt von-Trotha-Straße um"
1121:Colonial people of German South West Africa
572:On 2 November 1905, Trotha was awarded the
1176:Prussian people of the Austro-Prussian War
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443:before he was deployed to Africa in 1894.
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111:Learn how and when to remove this message
1151:Herero and Namaqua genocide perpetrators
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817:[Trotha Street to disappear].
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1191:Deaths from typhoid fever in Germany
643:infamous declaration to the Herero.
636:The 2023 survival horror video game
584:(bilious fever) on 31 March 1920 in
345:(3 July 1848 – 31 March 1920) was a
49:adding citations to reliable sources
432:Wars, for which he was awarded the
14:
1156:Military personnel from Magdeburg
892:"German family's Namibia apology"
862:Oltermann, Philip (28 May 2021).
835:"German family's Namibia apology"
815:"Trotha-Straße soll verschwinden"
760:Brazier, Kevin (19 August 2013).
718:. London: Zed Press. p. 150.
369:. He later served as governor of
343:Adrian Dietrich Lothar von Trotha
983:Flag of German South West Africa
556:Trotha's troops also routed the
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36:needs additional citations for
1131:Generals of Infantry (Prussia)
823:(in German). 16 December 2016.
474:Genocide of Herero and Namaqua
458:. While temporarily posted to
373:and Commander in Chief of its
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524:He further gave orders that:
482:Trotha in South West Africa
278:Herero and Namaqua genocide
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1126:Ethnic cleansing in Africa
543:William II, German Emperor
490:Trotha in Hamburg, c. 1905
424:in 1865 and fought in the
16:German general (1848–1920)
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714:Drechsler, Horst (1980).
628:Heidemarie Wieczorek-Zeul
511:, or extermination order:
355:European new colonial era
325:Lucy Goldstein-Brinckmann
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1070:Friedrich von Lindequist
948:German South West Africa
371:German South West Africa
766:. Casemate Publishers.
675:Yale University Press.
268:General of the Infantry
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992:Imperial Commissioners
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253:Years of service
1076:Bruno von Schuckmann
671:Kiernan, Ben. 2007.
420:, Trotha joined the
247:Imperial German Army
45:improve this article
578:given the character
547:concentration camps
501:Battle of Waterberg
292:Franco-Prussian War
288:Austro-Prussian War
60:"Lothar von Trotha"
1196:White supremacists
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820:Allgemeine Zeitung
539:Bernhard von Bülow
509:Vernichtungsbefehl
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159:Province of Saxony
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1064:Lothar von Trotha
1035:Curt von François
1018:Curt von François
795:on 9 October 2006
773:978-1-78383-057-2
681:978-0-300-10098-3
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1014:(1890–1891)*
1008:(1885–1890)*
902:. Retrieved
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868:The Guardian
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845:. Retrieved
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797:. Retrieved
793:the original
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743:. Retrieved
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43:Please help
38:verification
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1146:Herero Wars
1116:1920 deaths
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956:Magistrates
950:(1883–1915)
604:Otjiwarongo
379:Herero Wars
353:during the
304:Herero Wars
216:(1871–1906)
203:(1865–1871)
152:3 July 1848
1105:Categories
1012:Louis Nels
659:References
434:Iron Cross
363:Qing China
189:Allegiance
148:1848-07-03
71:newspapers
1051:Governors
944:Governors
799:7 October
441:Ratzeburg
414:Magdeburg
402:Frankfurt
351:commander
349:military
320:Spouse(s)
256:1865–1906
155:Magdeburg
904:8 August
897:BBC News
847:8 August
840:BBC News
683:. p. 382
647:See also
412:Born in
221:Service/
1093:*acting
1066:(1905)*
965:(1883)*
745:8 March
615:Omaruru
608:Namibia
541:to ask
340:General
163:Prussia
85:scholar
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598:Munich
592:Legacy
551:census
496:Herero
408:Career
389:Family
347:German
310:Awards
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265:char.
92:JSTOR
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906:2008
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801:2009
768:ISBN
747:2007
712:cf.
677:ISBN
586:Bonn
558:Nama
428:and
261:Rank
179:Bonn
169:Died
142:Born
64:news
946:of
450:in
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47:by
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