36:
673:
743:
806:. The car had not been maintained or developed by the team as they concentrated on the 79, and the car was hurriedly prepared for the race. Although his team mate Andretti predictably took pole position, the slower 78 was only good enough for fifth place on the grid for Peterson. The Swede was caught up in a massive start line accident, which resulted in his car ramming the barriers nose-first, completely destroying the front end of the vehicle. Peterson later died owing to complications arising from the treatment he received following the crash.
2307:
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2100:
2321:
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2226:
2114:
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2016:
1876:
779:: When the car worked well, it was almost uncatchable. Other teams started scrambling to somehow replicate whatever it was in their own car designs for 1978. The problem they had was that they didn't really know what was so special about the car, as Chapman and other members of the Lotus team came up with any number of explanations of the carâs performance to obfuscate the real reason, and the side skirts on the car hid the underside of the car from view.
2279:
1988:
317:
757:
2184:
2335:
2198:
2058:
350:
2156:
2142:
339:
328:
577:, and before joining Lotus in 1970 had done a design study into the possibility of an inverted wing profile fitted to one of their cars. Rudd had tested a number of scale models, but lack of the right testing methods and BRM's declining fortunes meant development had never got beyond the experimental stage. However, Wright remembered their work and brought it into the project.
2254:
2002:
611:
The 78 was introduced at the first race of 1977, and proved to be the class car of the field that season, winning five races. The car proved relatively easy to set up and modify, with particular attention paid to the undercar aerodynamics and their interaction with the track surface, hence a stiffer
584:
and a rolling road, when by happy accident he began to get remarkable results in one of the models. Closer inspection found that as the rolling road's speed increased, the shaped underbody was being drawn closer to the surface of the road. Wright experimented with pieces of cardboard attached to the
668:
To begin with, brushes were fitted to the base of each sidepod to keep the low pressure area under the car. When these proved insufficient, Lotus tried plastic skirts, but these abraded very quickly, until finally moveable rubber skirts were developed which proved very effective. The sliding skirts
648:
Based on
Bernoulli's discoveries, the underside of the sidepods were shaped as inverted aerofoils, in the same vein as conventional wings but on a much larger scale. Wright and Chapman had discovered that by shaping the floor of the car in this way, they could accelerate the air passing through the
684:
were three separate cells, with one behind the driver and one each in the midsection of each sidepod. The sidepod tanks could be controlled from the cockpit by the driver and could be used to fuel the engine separately or together, improving performance and weight bias in cornering. The suspension
652:
Copying the
Mosquito's radiator design, the radiators were positioned so that the hot air escaping would pass over the upper bodywork of the car, creating even more downforce. To make the suction effect as great as possible, the monocoque was slimmer, forcing the air passing through between the
640:
used to strengthen the chassis at points. The car created quite a stir when it first appeared, and outwardly seemed ahead of its time. Internally of course, it was a quantum leap ahead. Andretti worked hard with the car, testing for many thousands of miles at the Lotus test track in
692:
Unfortunately after first tests were done, the low pressure area under the car was found to be too far forward, requiring a very large rear wing to be designed resulting in a lot of drag at high speeds. This was especially noticeable on fast tracks such as
669:
sealed the gap between the sides of the cars and the ground and prevented excessive air being sucked into the low pressure area under the car and dissipating the ground effect. Andretti described driving the 78 as if it were 'painted to the road'.
724:
Another problem was with the rear suspension, which although slightly modified to allow clearer airflow from the rear of the sidepods, was still directly in the path of the exiting air, which affected the stability of the back of the car, causing
664:
solution unlike conventional wings, meaning that the increased cornering ability was not compromised by a decrease in straight-line speed. If anything, because of the decreased air resistance, the top speed of the car also increased accordingly.
649:
gap between the ground and the underside, thereby reducing the air pressure under the car relative to that over it. This created significant underpressure, effectively sucking the vehicle down and forcing the tyres harder onto the track.
557:
fighter bomber, he had paid close attention to its wing mounted radiators, and the hot air outlets that were designed to induce lift. Chapman realised that, inverted, such a system could give significant downforce. Careful examination of
624:, sharing the same basic wedge shape and internal layout, but featuring detailed aerodynamic improvements, better weight distribution and a longer wheelbase. It had a slimmer, stronger monocoque made from
573:
Rudd appointed a team to work on the project: chief designer Ralph
Bellamy, vehicle engineer Martin Ogilvie and aerodynamicist Peter Wright. Rudd and Wright had previously worked for
2969:
35:
717:, even though he had won four races and taken six pole positions to Lauda's three wins and two pole positions. Eventually a smaller wing was designed in time for the
2924:
798:
The 78 was to see one further works team start, however. Owing to damage sustained to his 79 in practice, Ronnie
Peterson was forced to use the reserve car, 78/3 (
596:, the car was put into production. Five examples were built, codenamed John Player Special Mk. III, otherwise known as the Lotus 78 which appeared in July 1976.
43:
553:, Lotusâ founder and principal design engineer Colin Chapman wrote a 27-page document detailing some new ideas on low drag air penetration. Having studied the
713:, increasing the car's speed but also sacrificing reliability. Andretti had no fewer than five engine failures in 1977, costing him the world championship to
672:
4561:
4358:
1842:
4772:
4767:
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833:
589:
produced was phenomenal. The results were presented to Colin
Chapman, who gave the team free rein to come up with an F1 chassis design.
92:
689:
was used, with the suspension designed for quick changes in geometry. This helped set the car up for a specific circuit when required.
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518:
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102:
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1296:
1236:
1029:
969:
384:
1807:
4047:
1832:
1819:
4539:
4336:
821:
privateer team in World
Championship events during 1978 and 1979, and in non-Championship races into the early 1980s.
721:(see above picture), which cut the drag factor significantly, and allowed Andretti to take a popular 'home' victory.
4554:
4351:
213:
172:
153:
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1226:
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959:
364:
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1613:
1857:
1301:
1281:
1039:
1034:
1014:
403:
559:
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4126:
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1948:
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1024:
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979:
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803:
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47:
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750:
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4383:
4368:
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1286:
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657:
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wing profile fitted to a car, and he finally handed the document to his head of engineering, Tony Rudd.
554:
534:
1199:
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629:
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97:
3039:
1933:
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2311:
2048:
937:
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After a round of design sketches and engineering drawings and further work in the wind tunnel at
218:
4473:
824:
In all, the Lotus 78 took seven wins, nine pole positions and scored 106 points in its career.
656:
The greater force downwards on the tyres gave more grip and thus higher cornering speeds. This
3327:
2853:
1523:
1427:
814:
795:, which was as far ahead of the 78 as the 78 had been ahead of the rest of the field in 1977.
760:
710:
698:
354:
77:
4578:
4375:
4101:
4077:
4022:
2802:
2188:
2062:
1938:
702:
601:
4027:
3334:
2160:
2132:
2006:
1836:
1823:
1811:
1717:
1370:
788:
343:
180:
157:
756:
4277:
4251:
4244:
4141:
3717:
3531:
3439:
3432:
3032:
2673:
2320:
2292:
2283:
2239:
2225:
2146:
2113:
2085:
2076:
2071:
2029:
2015:
1992:
1875:
1320:
1134:
1056:
772:
746:
709:
were much faster than the 78. To compensate, Ford provided development versions of the
706:
694:
661:
604:
that year but was overruled by
Chapman, as he didn't want other teams discovering what
597:
563:
488:
332:
321:
184:
161:
4761:
4736:
4646:
4478:
4438:
4433:
4267:
4200:
4131:
4096:
3722:
3712:
3630:
3621:
3616:
3409:
3339:
2771:
2622:
2278:
2244:
2174:
2118:
1987:
1923:
1907:
771:
It was obvious that the Lotus 78 had some special feature, as proved by
Andretti and
522:
433:
316:
82:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4701:
4681:
4651:
4641:
4626:
4621:
4513:
4498:
4448:
4443:
4428:
4403:
4210:
4205:
4195:
4121:
4106:
3727:
3707:
3686:
3671:
3550:
3524:
3519:
3344:
2745:
2709:
2339:
2258:
2230:
2216:
2202:
1928:
1207:
940:
222:
791:
scoring a win each and another three pole positions before it was replaced by the
4731:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4636:
4631:
4523:
4518:
4488:
4483:
4423:
4398:
4215:
4190:
4185:
4180:
4151:
3643:
3592:
3587:
3564:
3543:
3536:
3508:
3503:
3485:
3469:
3414:
2556:
2365:
2325:
2090:
581:
506:
438:
60:
55:
4711:
4706:
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4661:
4656:
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4508:
4503:
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4458:
4316:
4311:
4306:
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4136:
4091:
4042:
4037:
3992:
3559:
3492:
3464:
3455:
3425:
3055:
2521:
2104:
1943:
1880:
1804:
1202:
932:
714:
633:
605:
299:
234:
191:
176:
70:
1829:
787:
The 78 was good enough to still be a winner in early 1978, with
Andretti and
4601:
4468:
4287:
4272:
4230:
4170:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4032:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
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2516:
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2020:
1953:
1816:
1210:
943:
726:
681:
637:
625:
586:
567:
530:
272:
226:
203:
143:
140:
87:
1551:
1666:
1591:
612:
suspension design which was required to maintain the aerodynamic effects.
4746:
4741:
4676:
4528:
4453:
4418:
4413:
4408:
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3952:
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3777:
3772:
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3752:
3747:
3742:
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3388:
3381:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
2899:
2894:
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2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2761:
2756:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2699:
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2689:
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2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
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2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
1493:
792:
686:
621:
550:
546:
123:
113:
545:
In early 1976, spurred on by a disappointing lack of pace of the ageing
4616:
2334:
2197:
2099:
2057:
1422:
818:
776:
407:
304:
250:
135:
34:
4611:
2306:
2211:
2169:
2155:
2141:
2043:
642:
428:
349:
338:
327:
580:
Wright then set about experimenting with F1 car body shapes using a
1738:
549:
the previous season and the indifferent performance of the current
2253:
2127:
2001:
1508:
Mario
Andretti: World Champion by Mario Andretti and Nigel Roebuck
755:
741:
671:
279:
4543:
4340:
3028:
2916:
2357:
1970:
1893:
1846:
632:, which was developed from the 77. The bodywork was made up of
3650:
653:
ground and the inverted wing shape cover as much as possible.
574:
3024:
4301:
676:
The Lotus 78 being tested at the Lotus test track in Hethel
1505:
Lotus 78 and 79: The Ground Effects Cars by Johnny Tipler
585:
side of the model car body, and the level of perceived
566:
confirmed his thoughts on the effects of an upturned
1592:"Lotus' Incredible discovery that revolutionised F1"
1496:
used by Team Lotus for the remainder of the season.
2968:
2923:
2852:
2801:
2770:
2744:
2708:
2672:
2621:
2555:
2364:
2268:
1977:
1916:
1900:
1794:
Article, tech. spec., results, gallery (in Italian)
1574:
1572:
600:wanted to introduce the car early, possibly at the
480:
465:
390:
380:
370:
360:
310:
295:
290:
278:
268:
260:
244:
212:
202:
190:
167:
149:
134:
129:
119:
109:
76:
66:
54:
44:2017 FIA Masters Historic Formula One Championship
1520:Autocourse history of the Grand Prix car 1966â85
1692:"Lotus 78 | Motor Sport Magazine Archive"
4555:
4352:
3040:
1858:
1739:"Lotus 78 â Mario Andretti's Favorite F1 Car"
8:
24:
4562:
4548:
4540:
4359:
4345:
4337:
3047:
3033:
3025:
2913:
2354:
1967:
1890:
1865:
1851:
1843:
809:The original development prototype, 78/1 (
1492:This total includes points scored by the
225:, 2,993 cc (182.6 cu in),
3065:
846:
418:
4132:Opel Lotus Omega/Vauxhall Lotus Carlton
1543:
660:had the great advantage of being a low
3094:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3073:
1839:â Explanation of Side Pod Aerodynamics
23:
7:
3068:
1718:"Car: Lotus 79, 1977 â Unusual cars"
1578:
840:indicate pole position; results in
196:Front: 1,702 mm (67.0 in)
1640:"Great racing cars: 1977 Lotus 78"
767:, where it was used as a spare car
375:1977 United States Grand Prix West
14:
1801:â season results; race photograph
2333:
2319:
2305:
2291:
2277:
2252:
2238:
2224:
2210:
2196:
2182:
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2154:
2140:
2126:
2112:
2098:
2084:
2070:
2056:
2042:
2028:
2014:
2000:
1986:
1874:
1826:and pit photograph of actual car
620:The 78 was loosely based on the
348:
337:
326:
315:
198:Rear: 1,600 mm (63 in)
1667:"Lotus 78 car-by-car histories"
817:. He ran this car through his
1:
4142:Opel Speedster/Vauxhall VX220
1805:78 â race and pit photographs
385:1978 South African Grand Prix
264:588 kg (1,296.3 lb)
208:2,741 mm (107.9 in)
4773:1978 Formula One season cars
4768:1977 Formula One season cars
1514:60th Anniversary issue, 2010
517:seasons. It was designed by
466:Constructors' Championships
27:John Player Special Mk. III
4794:
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3638:
3636:
3627:
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3500:
3498:
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3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
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3126:
3123:
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3117:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3105:
3102:
3099:
1487:
1426:
1369:
1319:
1133:
1055:
171:Parallel top links, lower
4597:
4394:
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3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3331:
3326:
3062:
2912:
2353:
1966:
1889:
1312:
1307:
1214:
1206:
1198:
1193:
1048:
1043:
947:
936:
928:
923:
685:set up from the previous
437:
432:
427:
424:
421:
417:
365:1977 Argentine Grand Prix
33:
1830:Aerodynamic Illustration
1765:"The British Grand Prix"
404:1978 Canadian Grand Prix
130:Technical specifications
42:The Lotus 78 during the
4583:1978 Formula One season
4380:1977 Formula One season
4157:Lotus-Radford Type 62-2
4127:Chevrolet Corvette ZR-1
1822:9 February 2005 at the
1810:16 January 2005 at the
1594:. YouTube. 1 March 2016
1522:. Hazleton publishing.
804:1978 Italian Grand Prix
765:1979 British Grand Prix
509:racing car used in the
398:1978 Italian Grand Prix
48:Circuit of the Americas
4778:Lotus Formula One cars
844:indicate fastest lap)
802:), to qualify for the
768:
753:
751:1977 Monaco Grand Prix
749:driving the 78 at the
677:
481:Drivers' Championships
300:John Player Team Lotus
239:longitudinally mounted
39:
16:Formula One racing car
4581:that competed in the
4378:that competed in the
759:
745:
675:
560:Bernoulli's principle
555:de Havilland Mosquito
90:(Head of Engineering)
38:
4642:Ferrari 312T2B/312T3
4102:Talbot Sunbeam Lotus
2971:Constructors' titles
1769:Motor Sport Magazine
1696:Motor Sport Magazine
1644:Motor Sport Magazine
1618:Motor Sport Magazine
775:winning the race in
537:car in Formula One.
533:, and was the first
85:(Executive Engineer)
1835:5 June 2011 at the
828:Formula One results
763:'s Lotus 78 at the
291:Competition history
231:naturally aspirated
30:
4404:Brabham BT45/BT45B
4165:Concept cars
4112:Hennessey Venom GT
4097:Ford Cortina Lotus
4086:Related cars
2918:Formula One titles
2312:Emerson Fittipaldi
2049:Emerson Fittipaldi
1745:. 18 February 2017
1518:Nye, Doug (1986).
769:
754:
719:Italian Grand Prix
678:
150:Suspension (front)
100:(Vehicle Engineer)
40:
4755:
4754:
4537:
4536:
4334:
4333:
4329:
4328:
4312:Lotus Engineering
4296:Group Lotus
4262:Key figures
4239:Future cars
3702:Racing cars
3696:
3695:
3551:Grand tourer
3328:Sports racer
3022:
3021:
3018:
3017:
2908:
2907:
2349:
2348:
1962:
1961:
1917:Notable personnel
1771:. August 1979: 33
1671:OldRacingCars.com
1646:. 12 October 2015
1483:
1482:
1208:Ford Cosworth DFV
711:Ford Cosworth DFV
636:body panels with
499:
498:
461:
460:
168:Suspension (rear)
4785:
4627:Brabham BT46/B/C
4589:
4575:
4564:
4557:
4550:
4541:
4386:
4372:
4361:
4354:
4347:
4338:
4302:Official website
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2856:
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2804:Indianapolis 500
2774:
2748:
2712:
2676:
2625:
2559:
2368:
2355:
2342:
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2337:
2328:
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2296:
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2261:
2257:
2256:
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2243:
2242:
2233:
2229:
2228:
2219:
2215:
2214:
2205:
2201:
2200:
2191:
2189:Carlos Reutemann
2187:
2186:
2177:
2173:
2172:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2121:
2117:
2116:
2107:
2103:
2102:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2079:
2075:
2074:
2065:
2061:
2060:
2051:
2047:
2046:
2037:
2033:
2032:
2023:
2019:
2018:
2009:
2005:
2004:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1968:
1939:Maurice Philippe
1934:GĂ©rard Ducarouge
1891:
1883:
1879:
1878:
1867:
1860:
1853:
1844:
1817:1/20 scale model
1781:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1761:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1735:
1729:
1728:
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1708:
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1688:
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1599:
1588:
1582:
1576:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1548:
1533:
1491:
1219:
952:
847:
602:Dutch Grand Prix
594:Imperial College
419:
353:
352:
342:
341:
331:
330:
320:
319:
296:Notable entrants
105:(Aerodynamicist)
95:(Chief Designer)
31:
21:Racing car model
4793:
4792:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4783:
4782:
4758:
4757:
4756:
4751:
4593:
4592:
4587:
4577:
4573:
4568:
4538:
4533:
4434:Fittipaldi FD04
4390:
4389:
4384:
4374:
4370:
4365:
4335:
4330:
4117:Westfield Sport
3697:
3681:
3680:
3058:
3053:
3023:
3014:
2970:
2964:
2926:Drivers' titles
2925:
2919:
2904:
2854:
2848:
2803:
2797:
2772:
2766:
2746:
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2674:
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2360:
2345:
2332:
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2318:
2317:
2304:
2303:
2290:
2289:
2276:
2275:
2269:World Champions
2264:
2251:
2250:
2237:
2236:
2223:
2222:
2209:
2208:
2195:
2194:
2181:
2180:
2167:
2166:
2161:Ronnie Peterson
2153:
2152:
2139:
2138:
2133:Satoru Nakajima
2125:
2124:
2111:
2110:
2097:
2096:
2083:
2082:
2069:
2068:
2055:
2054:
2041:
2040:
2035:Martin Donnelly
2027:
2026:
2013:
2012:
2007:Elio de Angelis
1999:
1998:
1985:
1984:
1978:Notable drivers
1973:
1958:
1912:
1896:
1885:
1881:
1873:
1871:
1837:Wayback Machine
1824:Wayback Machine
1812:Wayback Machine
1790:
1785:
1784:
1774:
1772:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1748:
1746:
1743:www.snaplap.net
1737:
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1633:
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1621:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1597:
1595:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1577:
1570:
1560:
1558:
1556:www.statsf1.com
1550:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1530:
1517:
1502:
1485:
1371:Ronnie Peterson
1217:
950:
830:
813:), was sold to
789:Ronnie Peterson
785:
740:
735:
618:
543:
413:
347:
346:
344:Ronnie Peterson
336:
335:
325:
324:
314:
311:Notable drivers
303:
197:
154:Double wishbone
101:
96:
91:
86:
50:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4791:
4789:
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4780:
4775:
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4759:
4753:
4752:
4750:
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4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4647:Fittipaldi F5A
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4598:
4595:
4594:
4585:
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4535:
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4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4469:March 761/761B
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4429:Ferrari 312T2B
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4395:
4392:
4391:
4382:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4363:
4356:
4349:
4341:
4332:
4331:
4327:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4297:
4293:
4292:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4278:Romano Artioli
4275:
4270:
4263:
4259:
4258:
4257:
4256:
4249:
4240:
4236:
4235:
4234:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4211:Esprit Concept
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4166:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4147:Tesla Roadster
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4092:Caterham Seven
4087:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
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4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
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4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3945:
3940:
3935:
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3925:
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3905:
3900:
3895:
3890:
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3880:
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3845:
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3825:
3820:
3815:
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3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
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3780:
3775:
3770:
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3275:
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3260:
3257:
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3251:
3248:
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3218:
3215:
3212:
3209:
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3203:
3200:
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3179:
3176:
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3125:
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3119:
3116:
3113:
3110:
3107:
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3002:
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2897:
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2759:
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2742:
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2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2717:
2715:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2681:
2679:
2675:Formula Junior
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2630:
2628:
2619:
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2605:
2600:
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2564:
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2499:
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2358:
2351:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2329:
2315:
2301:
2287:
2284:Mario Andretti
2272:
2270:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2262:
2248:
2234:
2220:
2206:
2192:
2178:
2164:
2150:
2147:Gunnar Nilsson
2136:
2122:
2108:
2094:
2080:
2077:Johnny Herbert
2066:
2052:
2038:
2024:
2010:
1996:
1993:Mario Andretti
1981:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1971:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
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1869:
1862:
1855:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1827:
1814:
1802:
1796:
1789:
1788:External links
1786:
1783:
1782:
1756:
1730:
1709:
1683:
1665:Brown, Allen.
1657:
1631:
1614:"Peter Wright"
1605:
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1430:
1428:HĂ©ctor Rebaque
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1328:
1323:
1321:Mario Andretti
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1137:
1135:Gunnar Nilsson
1131:
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1125:
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1102:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1084:
1079:
1076:
1071:
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1062:
1059:
1057:Mario Andretti
1053:
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1017:
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1007:
1002:
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854:
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836:) (results in
829:
826:
815:HĂ©ctor Rebaque
784:
781:
773:Gunnar Nilsson
761:HĂ©ctor Rebaque
747:Gunnar Nilsson
739:
736:
734:
733:Racing history
731:
699:Ăsterreichring
617:
614:
608:had achieved.
598:Mario Andretti
564:fluid dynamics
542:
539:
527:Martin Ogilvie
497:
496:
489:Mario Andretti
482:
478:
477:
467:
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355:HĂ©ctor Rebaque
333:Gunnar Nilsson
322:Mario Andretti
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253:FG400 5-speed
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98:Martin Ogilvie
80:
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52:
51:
41:
20:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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4738:
4737:Williams FW06
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4625:
4623:
4622:Brabham BT45C
4620:
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4608:
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4603:
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4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
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4439:Fittipaldi F5
4437:
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4427:
4425:
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4410:
4407:
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4269:
4268:Colin Chapman
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4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4186:Elise Concept
4184:
4182:
4181:Elite Concept
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4158:
4155:
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3605:
3594:
3589:
3579:
3566:
3561:
3552:
3548:
3545:
3538:
3533:
3532:Europa S
3526:
3521:
3513:
3510:
3505:
3494:
3487:
3480:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3457:
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3011:
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3006:
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2881:
2878:
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2868:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:Sports racing
2851:
2845:
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2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
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2809:
2806:
2800:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:Tasman Series
2769:
2763:
2760:
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2755:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2743:
2737:
2734:
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2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:Formula Three
2620:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
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2500:
2498:
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2288:
2285:
2280:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2267:
2260:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2245:Derek Warwick
2241:
2235:
2232:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2213:
2207:
2204:
2199:
2193:
2190:
2185:
2179:
2176:
2175:Nelson Piquet
2171:
2165:
2162:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2143:
2137:
2134:
2129:
2123:
2120:
2119:Nigel Mansell
2115:
2109:
2106:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2087:
2081:
2078:
2073:
2067:
2064:
2063:Mika HĂ€kkinen
2059:
2053:
2050:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2022:
2017:
2011:
2008:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1969:
1965:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1924:Frank Coppuck
1922:
1921:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1908:Colin Chapman
1906:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1877:
1868:
1863:
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1856:
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1787:
1770:
1766:
1760:
1757:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1731:
1719:
1713:
1710:
1698:. 7 July 2014
1697:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1672:
1668:
1661:
1658:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1632:
1620:. 7 July 2014
1619:
1615:
1609:
1606:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1581:, p. 96.
1580:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1557:
1553:
1547:
1544:
1537:
1531:
1529:0-905138-37-6
1525:
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986:
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855:
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849:
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843:
839:
835:
827:
825:
822:
820:
816:
812:
807:
805:
801:
796:
794:
790:
782:
780:
778:
774:
766:
762:
758:
752:
748:
744:
737:
732:
730:
728:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
690:
688:
683:
674:
670:
666:
663:
659:
658:ground effect
654:
650:
646:
644:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
615:
613:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
590:
588:
583:
578:
576:
571:
569:
565:
561:
556:
552:
548:
540:
538:
536:
535:ground effect
532:
528:
524:
523:Colin Chapman
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
494:
490:
486:
483:
479:
475:
471:
468:
464:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
443:
440:
435:
430:
420:
416:
409:
405:
402:
399:
396:
395:
393:
389:
386:
383:
379:
376:
373:
369:
366:
363:
359:
356:
351:
345:
340:
334:
329:
323:
318:
313:
309:
306:
301:
298:
294:
289:
286:
283:
281:
277:
274:
271:
267:
263:
259:
256:
252:
249:
247:
243:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
217:
215:
211:
207:
205:
201:
195:
193:
189:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
163:
159:
155:
152:
148:
145:
142:
139:
137:
133:
128:
125:
122:
118:
115:
112:
108:
104:
99:
94:
93:Ralph Bellamy
89:
84:
83:Colin Chapman
81:
79:
75:
72:
69:
65:
62:
59:
57:
53:
49:
45:
37:
32:
28:
19:
4727:Theodore TR1
4722:Surtees TS20
4717:Surtees TS19
4702:Renault RS01
4682:Martini MK23
4671:
4662:Ligier JS7/9
4652:Hesketh 308E
4514:Surtees TS19
4499:Renault RS01
4463:
4449:Kojima KE009
4444:Hesketh 308E
4252:
4245:
4176:Elan Concept
4122:Isuzu Piazza
3912:
3685:
3069:
2747:Formula 5000
2711:Formula Ford
2446:
2340:Jochen Rindt
2259:Alex Zanardi
2231:John Surtees
2217:Ayrton Senna
2203:Jochen Rindt
1949:Peter Wright
1929:Frank Dernie
1773:. Retrieved
1768:
1759:
1747:. Retrieved
1742:
1733:
1721:. Retrieved
1712:
1700:. Retrieved
1695:
1686:
1674:. Retrieved
1670:
1660:
1648:. Retrieved
1643:
1634:
1622:. Retrieved
1617:
1608:
1596:. Retrieved
1586:
1559:. Retrieved
1555:
1546:
1519:
1511:
1500:Bibliography
1486:
1484:
1423:Team Rebaque
1392:
1378:
1333:
1325:
1313:
1308:
1215:
1157:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1112:
1107:
1093:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1073:
1049:
1044:
948:
941:Cosworth DFV
841:
837:
831:
823:
810:
808:
799:
797:
786:
770:
723:
701:, where the
691:
679:
667:
655:
651:
647:
619:
610:
591:
579:
572:
544:
519:Peter Wright
502:
500:
484:
469:
408:Team Rebaque
246:Transmission
223:Cosworth DFV
103:Peter Wright
26:
18:
4732:Tyrrell 008
4697:Merzario A1
4692:McLaren M26
4687:McLaren M23
4637:Ensign N177
4632:Ensign N175
4524:Tyrrell P34
4519:Tyrrell 007
4504:Shadow DN5B
4489:McLaren M26
4484:McLaren M23
4479:McGuire BM1
4424:Ensign N177
4399:Apollon Fly
4152:Proton EMAS
2558:Formula Two
2367:Formula One
2326:Graham Hill
2091:Graham Hill
1749:13 December
1723:13 December
1702:13 December
1676:13 December
1650:13 December
1624:13 December
1598:11 February
1561:13 December
1200:John Player
930:John Player
616:Development
582:wind tunnel
507:Formula One
235:mid-engined
179:, outboard
177:radius arms
110:Predecessor
78:Designer(s)
67:Constructor
61:Formula One
4762:Categories
4747:Wolf WR5-6
4742:Wolf WR1-4
4712:Shadow DN9
4707:Shadow DN8
4667:Ligier JS9
4657:Ligier JS7
4607:Arrows FA1
4529:Wolf WR1-3
4509:Shadow DN8
4494:Penske PC4
4459:Ligier JS7
4317:Team Lotus
4307:Lotus Cars
4283:Dany Bahar
4206:Esprit M70
4078:E23 Hybrid
3056:Lotus Cars
2105:Jacky Ickx
1944:Peter Warr
1882:Team Lotus
1775:5 December
1552:"Lotus 78"
1538:References
1203:Team Lotus
933:Team Lotus
715:Niki Lauda
695:Hockenheim
682:fuel tanks
634:fibreglass
628:sheet and
391:Last event
192:Axle track
156:, inboard
71:Team Lotus
25:Lotus 78 (
4602:Arrows A1
4474:March 771
4414:BRM P201B
4288:Len Terry
4273:Tony Rudd
3465:Elan M100
2298:Jim Clark
2021:Jim Clark
1954:Len Terry
1895:Personnel
1512:Autosport
727:oversteer
638:aluminium
630:honeycomb
626:aluminium
587:downforce
568:aeroplane
531:Tony Rudd
371:First win
273:Valvoline
204:Wheelbase
173:wishbones
144:monocoque
141:Aluminium
120:Successor
88:Tony Rudd
4677:Lotus 79
4672:Lotus 78
4574:previous
4464:Lotus 78
4454:LEC CRP1
4419:BRM P207
4409:Boro 001
4371:previous
4322:Lotus F1
4253:Type 135
4246:Type 134
4137:Kia Elan
4107:DeLorean
4053:T128 LMP
3718:Mark III
3687:Electric
3447:Roadster
3440:3-Eleven
3433:2-Eleven
1833:Archived
1820:Archived
1808:Archived
1799:Lotus 78
1579:Nye 1986
1494:Lotus 79
862:Drivers
853:Entrant
793:Lotus 79
707:McLarens
703:Ferraris
697:and the
687:Lotus 77
622:Lotus 72
551:Lotus 77
547:Lotus 72
503:Lotus 78
381:Last win
285:Goodyear
124:Lotus 79
114:Lotus 77
56:Category
4617:ATS HS1
4590: »
4572:«
4387: »
4369:«
4201:Emotion
4191:CityCar
4048:T128 F1
3723:Mark IV
3713:Mark II
3631:Carlton
3622:Cortina
3617:Cortina
3560:Elan +2
3410:Mark VI
1972:Drivers
1901:Founder
916:Points
856:Engine
842:italics
819:Rebaque
777:Belgium
541:Concept
429:Podiums
400:(Lotus)
305:Rebaque
251:Hewland
175:, twin
136:Chassis
46:at the
4612:ATS D1
4196:Eterne
3728:Mark V
3708:Mark I
3684:
3682:
3672:Eletre
3608:Saloon
3525:Esprit
3520:Europa
3345:Eleven
3095:2020s
3092:2010s
3089:2000s
3086:1990s
3083:1980s
3080:1970s
3077:1960s
3074:1950s
1526:
859:Tyres
811:JPS-15
800:JPS-17
643:Hethel
505:was a
439:F/Laps
261:Weight
255:manual
214:Engine
185:damper
181:spring
162:damper
158:spring
4216:Ethos
3644:Emeya
3593:Excel
3588:Eclat
3565:Elite
3544:Evija
3537:Evora
3509:Emira
3504:Exige
3486:Elite
3479:Coupé
3470:Elise
3415:Seven
1447:DNPQ
1444:DNPQ
1441:DNPQ
850:Year
606:Lotus
434:Poles
422:Races
361:Debut
280:Tyres
4588:next
4579:Cars
4385:next
4376:Cars
4226:M250
4221:Etna
4058:T129
4043:T127
4038:T125
3993:100T
3493:Elan
3456:Elan
3426:340R
3335:VIII
3070:Type
3010:1978
3005:1973
3000:1972
2995:1970
2990:1968
2985:1965
2980:1963
2960:1978
2955:1972
2950:1970
2945:1968
2940:1965
2935:1963
2858:cars
2807:cars
2776:cars
2750:cars
2714:cars
2678:cars
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2561:cars
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1704:2019
1678:2019
1652:2019
1626:2019
1600:2022
1563:2019
1524:ISBN
1477:DNQ
1474:Ret
1471:DNQ
1465:Ret
1459:Ret
1456:DNQ
1450:Ret
1435:Ret
1432:DNQ
1411:Ret
1389:Ret
1195:1978
1189:Ret
1186:Ret
1183:Ret
1180:Ret
1177:Ret
1174:Ret
1171:Ret
1154:Ret
1139:DNS
1104:Ret
1101:Ret
1067:Ret
1064:Ret
938:Ford
925:1977
919:WCC
838:bold
783:1978
738:1977
705:and
680:The
662:drag
529:and
515:1978
513:and
511:1977
501:The
493:1978
474:1978
425:Wins
269:Fuel
219:Ford
4231:M90
4171:APX
4073:E22
4068:E21
4063:E20
4033:119
4028:115
4023:114
4018:112
4013:109
4008:107
4003:102
3998:101
3988:99T
3983:98T
3978:97T
3973:96T
3968:95T
3963:94T
3958:93T
3651:SUV
2844:96T
2547:112
2542:109
2537:107
2532:102
2527:101
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2512:98T
2507:97T
2502:95T
2497:94T
2492:93T
2422:56B
1468:11
1453:12
1438:10
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1341:11
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1297:USA
1292:ITA
1287:NED
1282:AUT
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1272:GBR
1267:FRA
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1257:ESP
1252:BEL
1247:MON
1242:USW
1237:RSA
1232:BRA
1227:ARG
1162:19
1145:12
1128:Ret
1108:Ret
1098:14
1082:Ret
1050:2nd
1040:JPN
1035:CAN
1030:USA
1025:ITA
1020:NED
1015:AUT
1010:GER
1005:GBR
1000:FRA
995:SWE
990:BEL
985:MON
980:ESP
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970:RSA
965:BRA
960:ARG
913:17
910:16
907:15
904:14
901:13
898:12
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834:key
575:BRM
562:of
4764::
3953:92
3948:91
3943:88
3938:87
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3923:80
3918:79
3913:78
3908:77
3903:76
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3893:73
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3873:66
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3858:61
3853:59
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3838:48
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3823:42
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3813:39
3808:38
3803:34
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3793:32
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3783:29
3778:27
3773:25
3768:24
3763:22
3758:21
3753:20
3748:18
3743:17
3738:16
3733:12
3389:62
3382:47
3375:40
3370:30
3365:23
3360:19
3355:17
3350:15
3340:IX
3322:4
3307:9
3277:9
3247:9
3217:9
3187:9
3157:9
3127:9
2900:53
2895:47
2890:40
2885:30
2880:23
2875:19
2870:17
2865:15
2839:64
2834:56
2829:42
2824:38
2819:34
2814:29
2793:67
2788:39
2783:32
2762:70
2757:68
2736:69
2731:61
2726:59
2721:51
2700:27
2695:22
2690:20
2685:18
2664:69
2659:59
2654:55
2649:41
2644:35
2639:31
2634:22
2613:69
2608:59
2603:48
2598:44
2593:41
2588:35
2583:32
2578:18
2573:16
2568:12
2487:92
2482:91
2477:88
2472:87
2467:86
2462:81
2457:80
2452:79
2447:78
2442:77
2437:76
2432:72
2427:63
2417:49
2412:43
2407:33
2402:25
2397:24
2392:21
2387:18
2382:16
2377:12
1767:.
1741:.
1694:.
1669:.
1642:.
1616:.
1571:^
1554:.
1488:^1
1462:6
1386:4
1383:1
1375:5
1338:2
1330:4
1309:86
1211:V8
1168:3
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1151:5
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1045:62
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874:4
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491:,
451:11
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237:,
233:,
229:,
227:V8
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4556:t
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4360:e
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3304:8
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160:/
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