49:
335:
310:
during
Nordenskiöld's winter expedition to the Spitsbergen islands in 1872–1873, where he significantly contributed to the scientific work. From the base camp at Mosselbay, Palander and nine other men accompanied Nordenskiöld on the unsuccessful attempt to reach the
3843:
378:) on 17 July where Nordenskiöld boarded the ship. The expedition, which was carried out during 1878–1879, was ultimately successful, and shortly before the end of the voyage, he was promoted to the full rank of captain.
3838:
3209:
453:
3828:
471:
150:
452:
On 2 August 1905 he resigned his post as cabinet minister together with the rest of the government (as a consequence of the political crisis arising from the
437:. In 1899 he was made the Chief of the Royal Swedish Naval Materiel Administration and in 1900 promoted to full rank of rear admiral. In 1901 he became a
2371:
694:
426:
1332:
417:
to the director of the Royal Navy shipyard in
Karlskrona, as well as to the Department of Sea Warfare during 1886–1889. In 1889 he was promoted to
3752:
967:
975:
3327:
2333:
746:
2924:
2522:
2110:
3716:
1662:
2527:
586:
3610:
3291:
3113:
3003:
2772:
1361:
1310:
654:
442:
171:
3061:
2642:
2581:
3084:
3162:
48:
3833:
3393:
3379:
3353:
3190:
2084:
1161:
687:
3823:
3216:
3186:
1529:
1519:
1103:
805:
2827:
2989:
2499:
1632:
2898:
2784:
2627:
1673:
1134:
902:
3346:
2968:
2802:
2743:
2697:
815:
219:
926:
433:
and first aide-de-camp to the king, and subsequently in 1897 appointed as the director of the Royal Navy shipyard in
405:
and brought home approximately 60 photographic plates depicting the journey and people encountered during the trip.
3803:
3706:
2431:
2405:
2398:
2138:
1849:
1750:
1742:
1725:
1343:
889:
741:
680:
254:
184:
3808:
3529:
3139:
2835:
2634:
2419:
2301:
2104:
1986:
1837:
1686:
1624:
1611:
1484:
1210:
862:
350:
In 1877 Palander returned to the Royal Navy and offered to become the captain on the expedition to navigate the
3679:
3270:
3264:
3182:
3056:
2841:
2567:
2443:
2293:
2181:
1965:
981:
3746:
3409:
2562:
2436:
2356:
1865:
1692:
894:
3684:
3250:
2517:
1182:
363:
3689:
3658:
3463:
3416:
3315:
3119:
3038:
2981:
2730:
2724:
2574:
2532:
2494:
2474:
2069:
1844:
1680:
1590:
1572:
1489:
1460:
1450:
1338:
1275:
1049:
486:
482:
183:(2 October 1842 – 7 August 1920) was a Swedish naval officer, mostly remembered as the captain on
1730:
3818:
3813:
3543:
3535:
3478:
3066:
2930:
2911:
2856:
2848:
2648:
2588:
2547:
2160:
2151:
2022:
2017:
1921:
1785:
1542:
1504:
1321:
1316:
1299:
1111:
881:
849:
793:
773:
647:
3664:
3586:
3051:
2974:
2890:
2671:
2663:
2612:
2252:
2210:
1705:
1668:
1557:
1304:
1191:
994:
799:
2822:
3385:
3277:
3258:
2797:
2339:
2233:
2197:
2173:
2064:
1911:
1886:
1882:
1872:
1778:
1756:
1735:
1616:
1606:
1353:
1241:
1169:
842:
833:
825:
736:
716:
613:
478:
382:
316:
465:
145:
505:
3757:
3563:
3557:
3513:
3498:
3427:
3399:
3307:
3244:
3154:
3126:
3106:
3044:
2952:
2916:
2790:
2757:
2750:
2703:
2685:
2602:
2351:
2220:
2168:
2074:
2027:
1955:
1944:
1656:
1646:
1638:
1534:
1524:
1435:
1430:
1413:
1379:
1246:
1233:
1054:
960:
918:
913:
703:
351:
269:
227:
191:
3774:
3506:
3198:
3078:
2904:
2877:
2817:
2692:
2622:
2607:
2346:
2275:
2270:
2244:
2239:
2121:
2044:
1997:
1764:
1584:
1549:
1445:
1440:
1374:
1288:
1070:
1062:
948:
868:
820:
810:
783:
438:
27:
608:
564:
541:
518:
3764:
3711:
3696:
3602:
3597:
3521:
3486:
3422:
3321:
3236:
3203:
2935:
2718:
2710:
2679:
2595:
2555:
2309:
2265:
2205:
2129:
2099:
2094:
2054:
2032:
1980:
1916:
1906:
1857:
1579:
1564:
1417:
1386:
1348:
1098:
1026:
1020:
943:
908:
768:
223:
187:
30:
2287:
3738:
3721:
3674:
3633:
3623:
3592:
3451:
3441:
3333:
3283:
3148:
3098:
3071:
3016:
2812:
2807:
2656:
2509:
2363:
2325:
2282:
2215:
2189:
2116:
2089:
2059:
2002:
1960:
1950:
1830:
1823:
1720:
1700:
1512:
1472:
1403:
1199:
1174:
1129:
1093:
1087:
1079:
1039:
1034:
1008:
988:
756:
202:
Louis
Palander was born in Karlskrona, Sweden. His father Axel Fredrik Palander was a
3797:
3701:
3643:
3638:
3628:
3578:
3573:
3549:
3493:
3370:
3364:
3359:
2958:
2869:
2862:
2617:
2412:
2391:
2259:
2037:
2007:
1975:
1970:
1807:
1713:
1596:
1391:
1204:
1154:
1147:
1139:
1044:
953:
788:
664:
398:
280:
250:
231:
3732:
3726:
3338:
3302:
3168:
2995:
2945:
2884:
2738:
2426:
2377:
2227:
2049:
2012:
1992:
1933:
1467:
1455:
1398:
1326:
1227:
1124:
1118:
1015:
1003:
876:
854:
778:
731:
446:
430:
414:
402:
235:
214:. His mother was Emelie Jacquette Constance du Rées. Louis Palander became a naval
207:
203:
119:
35:
3769:
3669:
3617:
3435:
3222:
3010:
2385:
2317:
2079:
1938:
1901:
1801:
1793:
1601:
937:
320:
258:
3568:
3471:
3455:
3297:
3230:
3131:
2540:
2489:
2449:
1771:
1497:
1425:
1367:
760:
434:
328:
312:
303:
284:
211:
76:
24:
3090:
1927:
1479:
1262:
418:
367:
288:
96:
371:
306:
in severe winter conditions. He was also the ship's captain on the steamer
253:. After several other appointments at sea, Louis Palander participated in
3022:
243:
319:
from the navy was granted, and he took employment first as a captain on
3649:
3029:
1816:
1294:
1270:
1258:
394:
390:
324:
295:
239:
1895:
1220:
375:
299:
107:
80:
672:
506:
The Blue Book: Conduct when not on duty, Chapter IV: Correspondence
334:
315:
in May–June 1873. Upon return to Sweden, Palander's request for an
1281:
302:, and then during 1871–1872 to secure the postal route across the
266:
215:
359:
2472:
714:
676:
421:
and in 1893 he was appointed as chief of the supply service (
3844:
Recipients of the Royal
Geographical Society Founder's Medal
633:(SBH), 2nd edition, Albert Bonniers Förlag, Stockholm, 1906.
3839:
Honorary
Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
354:. For this purpose, Palander secured the whaling ship
218:
at the early age of 14. In 1864 he graduated from the
327:, and later as a captain for a steamer line based in
272:. He married Anna Katarina Grischotti the same year.
3450:
3181:
2768:
2508:
1881:
1412:
1257:
755:
381:Upon return to Sweden, he was made a noble by King
165:
157:
141:
133:
125:
113:
103:
86:
63:
55:
21:
456:) and resumed his post in the Swedish Royal Navy.
454:dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden
210:, and the director of the Royal Navy shipyard in
294:, first during the winter of 1870–1871 between
190:, the first successful attempt to navigate the
283:in 1869–1870. He was subsequently promoted to
688:
8:
427:Royal Swedish Naval Materiel Administration
2482:
2469:
724:
711:
695:
681:
673:
636:
47:
18:
287:and was the ship's captain on the postal
3753:Pole of Inaccessibility research station
413:During 1881–1883, Palander served as an
333:
275:Thereafter, Palander served on the ship
3328:Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
498:
401:. Palander was an accomplished amateur
230:and participated in expeditions to the
3829:Ministers for naval affairs of Sweden
7:
3114:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
1311:Norse colonization of North America
181:Adolf Arnold Louis Palander af Vega
2643:United States Exploring Expedition
14:
3717:Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station
3085:Australasian Antarctic Expedition
3611:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
3004:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
370:on 22 June 1878, and arrived in
631:Svenskt Biografiskt Handlexikon
617:. 4 February 1908. p. 803.
409:Later navy and political career
261:in 1868, on board the steamer
249:, as well as in a trip to the
1:
2990:Japanese Antarctic Expedition
2925:Scottish Antarctic Expedition
567:. Svenskt biografiskt lexikon
544:. Svenskt biografiskt lexikon
521:. Svenskt biografiskt lexikon
445:. In 1903 he was promoted to
429:. In 1896 he was promoted to
3347:Soviet Antarctic Expeditions
3163:Shackleton–Rowett Expedition
2969:French Antarctic Expeditions
2899:Swedish Antarctic Expedition
2785:Belgian Antarctic Expedition
903:Lady Franklin Bay Expedition
589:. Royal Geographical Society
519:"A A Louis Palander af Vega"
2432:Nuclear-powered icebreakers
2111:Austro-Hungarian Expedition
976:Andrée's balloon expedition
565:"N Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld"
220:Royal Swedish Naval Academy
59:Adolf Arnold Louis Palander
3860:
1633:Franklin's lost expedition
1333:Christian IV's expeditions
655:Minister for Naval Affairs
443:Ministry for Naval Affairs
172:Minister for Naval Affairs
2485:
2481:
2468:
1987:Great Northern Expedition
1663:Rae–Richardson expedition
863:British Arctic Expedition
727:
723:
710:
661:
652:
644:
639:
265:. The ship's captain was
185:Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld's
46:
3271:British Antarctic Survey
3265:Captain Arturo Prat Base
2510:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
279:on an expedition to the
161:Anna Katarina Grischotti
3747:Pole of inaccessibility
3410:Antarctic Treaty System
1751:2nd Grinnell expedition
587:"Gold Medal Recipients"
366:. The ship sailed from
3834:People from Karlskrona
542:"Fredrik W Otter, von"
423:intendenturavdelningen
393:awarded him an annual
342:
3824:Swedish Navy admirals
3417:Transglobe Expedition
3316:Operation Deep Freeze
2725:Challenger expedition
1591:Coppermine expedition
1112:Drifting ice stations
483:Royal Victorian Order
337:
126:Years of service
441:responsible for the
317:honourable discharge
3587:South magnetic pole
2253:Brusilov expedition
1362:Danish colonization
800:North magnetic pole
358:, and selected the
3278:Operation Windmill
3259:Operation Highjump
2234:Rusanov expedition
2139:A. E. Nordenskiöld
1883:North East Passage
1687:McClure expedition
640:Political offices
614:The London Gazette
517:Wilhelm Odelberg.
479:Knight Grand Cross
391:Swedish Parliament
385:under the surname
343:
338:Swedish steamship
3804:Swedish explorers
3791:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3245:Operation Tabarin
3107:Far Eastern Party
2953:Nimrod Expedition
2464:
2463:
2460:
2459:
2023:M. Pronchishcheva
1945:Siberian Cossacks
1414:Northwest Passage
747:Research stations
704:Polar exploration
671:
670:
662:Succeeded by
352:Northeast Passage
270:Fredrik von Otter
257:'s expedition to
228:second lieutenant
198:Early navy career
192:Northeast Passage
178:
177:
33:
3851:
3809:Swedish nobility
3292:Ronne Expedition
2777:
2771:
2635:Dumont d'Urville
2483:
2470:
2018:V. Pronchishchev
725:
712:
697:
690:
683:
674:
645:Preceded by
637:
619:
618:
605:
599:
598:
596:
594:
583:
577:
576:
574:
572:
560:
554:
553:
551:
549:
537:
531:
530:
528:
526:
514:
508:
503:
439:cabinet minister
387:Palander af Vega
115:
93:
73:
71:
51:
23:
19:
3859:
3858:
3854:
3853:
3852:
3850:
3849:
3848:
3794:
3793:
3792:
3779:
3454:
3446:
3322:McMurdo Station
3191:Modern research
3189:
3177:
2912:O. Nordenskjöld
2775:
2769:
2764:
2680:Ross expedition
2504:
2477:
2456:
1885:
1877:
1418:Northern Canada
1416:
1408:
1261:
1253:
759:
751:
719:
706:
701:
667:
658:
650:
648:Gerhard Dyrssen
627:
622:
607:
606:
602:
592:
590:
585:
584:
580:
570:
568:
562:
561:
557:
547:
545:
539:
538:
534:
524:
522:
516:
515:
511:
504:
500:
496:
466:Founder's Medal
462:
411:
348:
346:Vega Expedition
224:Karlberg Palace
200:
188:Vega expedition
170:
169:Arctic explorer
166:Other work
149:
146:Founder's Medal
95:
91:
75:
69:
67:
42:
39:
38:
34:
17:
16:Swedish admiral
12:
11:
5:
3857:
3855:
3847:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3796:
3795:
3789:
3788:
3785:
3784:
3781:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3755:
3743:
3742:
3741:
3739:Vostok Station
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3693:
3692:
3690:Cherry-Garrard
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3655:
3654:
3653:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3607:
3606:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3583:
3582:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3554:
3553:
3552:
3540:
3539:
3538:
3530:Southern Cross
3526:
3525:
3524:
3511:
3510:
3509:
3496:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3460:
3458:
3452:Farthest South
3448:
3447:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3432:
3431:
3430:
3425:
3413:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3376:
3375:
3374:
3367:
3362:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3336:
3324:
3319:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3288:
3287:
3286:
3274:
3267:
3262:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3241:
3240:
3239:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3213:
3206:
3201:
3195:
3193:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3149:Ross Sea party
3145:
3136:
3135:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3110:
3103:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3081:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3014:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2986:
2985:
2984:
2979:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2949:
2942:
2941:
2940:
2933:
2921:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2867:
2853:
2852:
2851:
2846:
2843:Southern Cross
2836:Southern Cross
2832:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2780:
2778:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2760:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2721:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2701:
2695:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2654:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2586:
2585:
2584:
2582:Bellingshausen
2572:
2565:
2560:
2559:
2558:
2545:
2544:
2543:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2514:
2512:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2486:
2479:
2478:
2473:
2466:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2453:
2452:
2441:
2429:
2424:
2417:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2368:
2367:
2366:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2330:
2329:
2328:
2314:
2313:
2312:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2230:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1891:
1889:
1887:Russian Arctic
1879:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1869:
1868:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1833:
1828:
1827:
1826:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1798:
1797:
1796:
1783:
1782:
1781:
1769:
1768:
1767:
1762:
1747:
1746:
1745:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1711:
1703:
1698:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1659:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1644:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1422:
1420:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1377:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1329:
1324:
1322:Snæbjörn galti
1319:
1314:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1273:
1267:
1265:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1224:
1217:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1189:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1115:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1068:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1012:
1011:
1006:
991:
986:
985:
984:
972:
971:
970:
958:
957:
956:
951:
946:
941:
923:
922:
921:
916:
911:
899:
898:
897:
892:
887:
879:
874:
859:
858:
857:
852:
847:
830:
829:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
765:
763:
757:Farthest North
753:
752:
750:
749:
744:
739:
734:
728:
721:
720:
715:
708:
707:
702:
700:
699:
692:
685:
677:
669:
668:
663:
660:
651:
646:
642:
641:
635:
634:
626:
623:
621:
620:
600:
578:
555:
540:Erik Norberg.
532:
509:
497:
495:
492:
491:
490:
475:
469:
461:
458:
410:
407:
399:Swedish crowns
347:
344:
298:and main land
199:
196:
176:
175:
167:
163:
162:
159:
155:
154:
143:
139:
138:
135:
131:
130:
127:
123:
122:
117:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
94:(aged 77)
88:
84:
83:
74:2 October 1842
65:
61:
60:
57:
53:
52:
44:
43:
41:Louis Palander
40:
25:His Excellency
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3856:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3801:
3799:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3748:
3744:
3740:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3734:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3651:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3548:
3547:
3546:
3545:
3541:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3517:
3512:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3503:
3502:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3482:
3477:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3457:
3453:
3449:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3414:
3412:
3411:
3407:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3391:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3196:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3172:
3171:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3137:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3008:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2977:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2870:Discovery Hut
2868:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2774:
2767:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2712:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2690:
2689:
2684:
2683:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2577:
2573:
2571:
2570:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2536:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2513:
2511:
2507:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2476:
2471:
2467:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2434:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2400:A. Sibiryakov
2397:
2393:
2390:
2389:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2376:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2372:Glavsevmorput
2369:
2365:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2305:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2184:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1880:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1784:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1709:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1696:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1674:J. Richardson
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1651:
1650:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1568:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1510:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1494:
1493:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1436:M. Corte-Real
1434:
1432:
1431:G. Corte-Real
1429:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1354:C. Richardson
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1284:
1283:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1186:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1164:
1163:Georgiy Sedov
1159:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1050:Riiser-Larsen
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1001:
1000:
999:
998:
992:
990:
987:
983:
980:
979:
978:
977:
973:
969:
966:
965:
964:
963:
959:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
939:
935:
934:
933:
932:
930:
924:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
906:
905:
904:
900:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
885:
880:
878:
875:
873:
872:
867:
866:
865:
864:
860:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
845:
841:
840:
839:
838:
836:
831:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
803:
802:
801:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
766:
764:
762:
758:
754:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
729:
726:
722:
718:
713:
709:
705:
698:
693:
691:
686:
684:
679:
678:
675:
666:
665:Arvid Lindman
657:
656:
649:
643:
638:
632:
629:
628:
625:Other sources
624:
616:
615:
610:
604:
601:
588:
582:
579:
566:
559:
556:
543:
536:
533:
520:
513:
510:
507:
502:
499:
493:
488:
484:
480:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
463:
459:
457:
455:
450:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
408:
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
379:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
345:
341:
336:
332:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
290:
286:
282:
281:Mediterranean
278:
273:
271:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
251:United States
248:
245:
241:
237:
233:
232:Mediterranean
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
197:
195:
193:
189:
186:
182:
173:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
147:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
121:
118:
112:
109:
106:
102:
98:
90:7 August 1920
89:
85:
82:
78:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
45:
37:
32:
31:The Well Born
29:
26:
20:
3745:
3733:Pole of Cold
3731:
3657:
3648:
3616:
3609:
3585:
3556:
3542:
3536:Borchgrevink
3528:
3515:
3500:
3480:
3465:
3434:
3415:
3408:
3392:
3378:
3369:
3352:
3345:
3326:
3314:
3290:
3276:
3269:
3257:
3243:
3229:
3215:
3208:
3169:
3161:
3147:
3140:
3138:
3120:
3112:
3105:
3092:
3083:
3045:
3037:
3028:
3021:
3009:
3002:
2988:
2976:Pourquoi-Pas
2975:
2967:
2959:
2951:
2946:Orcadas Base
2944:
2936:
2923:
2917:C. A. Larsen
2905:
2897:
2883:
2876:
2863:
2855:
2849:Borchgrevink
2842:
2834:
2791:
2783:
2758:C. A. Larsen
2751:
2732:
2723:
2705:
2687:
2678:
2665:
2650:
2641:
2628:
2589:
2575:
2568:
2549:
2534:
2444:
2437:
2420:
2413:
2399:
2384:
2370:
2357:
2332:
2318:
2316:
2302:
2300:
2294:
2292:
2258:
2251:
2232:
2198:
2196:
2182:
2180:
2162:
2152:
2150:
2143:
2130:
2128:
2109:
1985:
1943:
1926:
1894:
1858:
1856:
1836:
1835:
1815:
1814:
1800:
1787:
1772:
1758:
1749:
1736:
1707:
1695:Investigator
1694:
1685:
1661:
1648:
1640:
1631:
1618:
1589:
1566:
1551:
1536:
1506:
1491:
1461:
1380:
1360:
1331:
1327:Erik the Red
1309:
1287:
1280:
1237:submersibles
1234:
1228:Arktika 2007
1226:
1219:
1212:
1209:
1193:
1184:
1181:
1162:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1117:
1110:
1086:
1072:
1071:
1063:
1061:
1027:
1025:
996:
993:
982:S. A. Andrée
974:
961:
936:
928:
925:
901:
883:
870:
861:
843:
834:
832:
798:
653:
630:
612:
603:
591:. Retrieved
581:
569:. Retrieved
563:Esko Häkli.
558:
546:. Retrieved
535:
523:. Retrieved
512:
501:
451:
447:vice admiral
431:rear admiral
422:
415:aide-de-camp
412:
403:photographer
386:
380:
355:
349:
339:
323:en route to
307:
291:
276:
274:
262:
255:Nordenskiöld
246:
236:Sierra Leone
208:Swedish Navy
204:rear admiral
201:
180:
179:
120:Swedish Navy
92:(1920-08-07)
3819:1920 deaths
3814:1842 births
3436:Lake Vostok
3386:Tryoshnikov
3308:Schlossbach
3199:Christensen
3141:James Caird
3062:E. R. Evans
2828:Dobrowolski
2798:de Gerlache
2500:Expeditions
2386:Aviaarktika
2340:Samoylovich
2211:Kolomeitsev
2105:Middendorff
2065:Gedenshtrom
1485:I. Fyodorov
1247:Chilingarov
1135:E. Fyodorov
742:Expeditions
609:"No. 28106"
321:cargo ships
259:Spitsbergen
3798:Categories
3659:Terra Nova
3564:Shackleton
3507:J. C. Ross
3466:Resolution
3456:South Pole
3231:New Swabia
3155:Mackintosh
3127:Shackleton
3046:Terra Nova
3039:Terra Nova
2773:Heroic Age
2733:Challenger
2693:J. C. Ross
2603:Bransfield
2535:Resolution
2450:icebreaker
2414:Chelyuskin
2155:expedition
2133:Expedition
2075:Matyushkin
2033:Kh. Laptev
2028:Chelyuskin
1922:Heemskerck
1912:Chancellor
1907:Willoughby
1902:Koch boats
1845:Stefansson
1779:McClintock
1743:Inglefield
1585:J. C. Ross
1492:Resolution
1344:Cunningham
1242:Sagalevich
931:expedition
890:Stephenson
850:C. F. Hall
837:expedition
811:J. C. Ross
774:Heemskerck
761:North Pole
659:1901–1905
494:References
472:Vega Medal
435:Karlskrona
425:) for the
389:, and the
329:Gothenburg
313:North Pole
285:lieutenant
212:Karlskrona
151:Vega Medal
104:Allegiance
77:Karlskrona
70:1842-10-02
56:Birth name
3758:Tolstikov
3544:Discovery
3514:HMS
3499:HMS
3481:Adventure
3479:HMS
3464:HMS
3400:Tolstikov
3121:Endurance
2906:Antarctic
2891:Drygalski
2864:Discovery
2857:Discovery
2818:Arctowski
2731:HMS
2704:HMS
2698:Abernethy
2686:HMS
2664:USS
2651:Vincennes
2649:USS
2629:Astrolabe
2569:San Telmo
2550:Adventure
2548:HMS
2533:HMS
2528:Kerguelen
2490:Continent
2475:Antarctic
2352:Urvantsev
2310:Vilkitsky
2163:Jeannette
2161:USS
2153:Jeannette
2117:Weyprecht
2095:Pakhtusov
2045:Chichagov
2038:D. Laptev
1981:Permyakov
1956:Stadukhin
1951:Perfilyev
1928:Mangazeya
1866:H. Larsen
1831:Rasmussen
1786:HMS
1757:USS
1706:HMS
1693:HMS
1657:Collinson
1647:HMS
1639:HMS
1617:HMS
1565:HMS
1550:HMS
1535:HMS
1520:Mackenzie
1507:Discovery
1505:HMS
1490:HMS
1462:Discovery
1441:Frobisher
1404:Rasmussen
1317:Gunnbjörn
1263:Greenland
1192:USS
1183:USS
1055:Ellsworth
997:Roosevelt
927:Nansen's
884:Discovery
882:HMS
869:HMS
816:Abernethy
784:Marmaduke
477:Honorary
419:commander
397:of 4,000
368:Karlshamn
174:(1901–05)
158:Spouse(s)
129:1864-1910
97:Djursholm
3770:A. Fuchs
3727:V. Fuchs
3707:McKinley
3670:E. Evans
3629:Bjaaland
3624:Amundsen
3574:Marshall
3487:Furneaux
3339:V. Fuchs
3303:E. Ronne
3298:F. Ronne
3237:Ritscher
3091:SY
3079:Filchner
3023:Framheim
3017:Amundsen
2823:Racoviță
2808:Amundsen
2803:Lecointe
2672:Ringgold
2666:Porpoise
2556:Furneaux
2392:Shevelev
2347:Begichev
2326:Amundsen
2288:Nagórski
2266:Brusilov
2260:Sv. Anna
2174:Melville
2144:Palander
2100:Tsivolko
2060:Sannikov
2055:Billings
1998:Chirikov
1917:Barentsz
1859:St. Roch
1850:Bartlett
1824:Amundsen
1808:Sverdrup
1708:Resolute
1597:Franklin
1525:Kotzebue
1392:Sverdrup
1375:Scoresby
1349:Lindenov
1200:Plaisted
1185:Nautilus
1130:Shirshov
1104:Belyakov
1099:Baydukov
1073:Nautilus
1035:Amundsen
995:SS
954:Sverdrup
949:Johansen
919:Brainard
914:Lockwood
769:Barentsz
571:April 1,
548:April 1,
525:April 1,
383:Oscar II
364:officers
244:corvette
114:Service/
99:, Sweden
3775:Messner
3722:Hillary
3702:Balchen
3650:Polheim
3644:Wisting
3522:Crozier
3494:Weddell
3472:J. Cook
3442:Kapitsa
3423:Fiennes
3365:Klenova
3334:Hillary
3284:Ketchum
3210:BANZARE
3185:·
3030:Polheim
2996:Shirase
2982:Charcot
2792:Belgica
2711:Crozier
2623:Morrell
2618:Weddell
2596:Lazarev
2541:J. Cook
2495:History
2445:Arktika
2421:Krassin
2406:Voronin
2378:Schmidt
2364:Ushakov
2303:Vaygach
2271:Albanov
2240:Rusanov
2221:Kolchak
2216:Matisen
2190:Makarov
2169:De Long
2070:Wrangel
2050:Lyakhov
2003:Malygin
1961:Dezhnev
1788:Pandora
1759:Advance
1726:Kennedy
1721:Belcher
1714:Kellett
1701:McClure
1625:Beechey
1619:Blossom
1612:Simpson
1580:Crozier
1573:Hoppner
1530:J. Ross
1498:J. Cook
1446:Gilbert
1339:J. Hall
1305:Ingólfr
1295:Naddodd
1289:Vikings
1276:Brendan
1271:Pytheas
1259:Iceland
1213:Arktika
1205:Herbert
1170:Badygin
1140:Krenkel
1125:Papanin
1094:Chkalov
1080:Wilkins
1045:Wisting
989:F. Cook
895:Markham
855:Bessels
844:Polaris
835:Polaris
806:J. Ross
789:Carolus
737:History
489:), 1908
481:of the
460:Honours
395:pension
340:SS Vega
325:England
304:Øresund
296:Gotland
289:steamer
277:Vanadis
242:on the
240:Liberia
206:in the
148:(1880)
137:Admiral
28:Admiral
3685:Bowers
3680:Wilson
3639:Hassel
3634:Helmer
3603:Mackay
3593:Mawson
3558:Nimrod
3516:Terror
3501:Erebus
3428:Burton
3223:Rymill
3099:Mawson
3093:Aurora
3072:Lashly
3057:Wilson
2960:Nimrod
2937:Scotia
2744:Murray
2719:Cooper
2706:Terror
2688:Erebus
2657:Wilkes
2608:Palmer
2576:Vostok
2523:Bouvet
2447:-class
2427:Gakkel
2295:Taymyr
2276:Konrad
2245:Kuchin
2183:Yermak
2090:Lavrov
2008:Ovtsyn
1993:Bering
1971:Ivanov
1934:Hudson
1896:Pomors
1873:Cowper
1838:Karluk
1737:Isabel
1731:Bellot
1681:Austin
1649:Terror
1641:Erebus
1537:Griper
1513:Clerke
1473:Baffin
1456:Hudson
1387:Nansen
1300:Garðar
1221:Barneo
1088:ANT-25
1064:Italia
1040:Nobile
1009:Henson
968:Amedeo
944:Nansen
909:Greely
779:Hudson
717:Arctic
593:16 May
474:, 1882
468:, 1880
376:Norway
372:Tromsø
308:Polhem
300:Sweden
292:Polhem
153:(1882)
142:Awards
116:branch
108:Sweden
81:Sweden
3765:Crary
3712:Dufek
3675:Oates
3665:Scott
3598:David
3579:Adams
3550:Barne
3371:Mirny
3360:Somov
3170:Quest
3067:Crean
3052:Scott
2931:Bruce
2885:Gauss
2878:Gauss
2752:Jason
2739:Nares
2613:Davis
2590:Mirny
2563:Smith
2518:Roché
2438:Lenin
2358:Sadko
2283:Wiese
2228:Sedov
2199:Zarya
2122:Payer
2085:Litke
2080:Anjou
2013:Minin
1976:Vagin
1966:Popov
1939:Poole
1794:Young
1607:Dease
1552:Hecla
1543:Parry
1468:Bylot
1451:Davis
1426:Cabot
1399:Peary
1381:Jason
1368:Egede
1282:Papar
1194:Skate
1175:Wiese
1155:NP-37
1148:NP-36
1028:Norge
1016:Sedov
1004:Peary
962:Jason
877:Nares
871:Alert
826:Hayes
794:Parry
732:Ocean
267:baron
263:Sofia
247:Gefle
226:as a
216:cadet
3697:Byrd
3618:Fram
3569:Wild
3251:Marr
3217:BGLE
3204:Byrd
3132:Wild
3011:Fram
2813:Cook
2334:AARI
2319:Maud
2206:Toll
2131:Vega
1817:Gjøa
1802:Fram
1765:Kane
1602:Back
1567:Fury
1558:Lyon
1480:Munk
1119:NP-1
1021:Byrd
938:Fram
929:Fram
821:Kane
595:2021
573:2019
550:2019
527:2019
487:GCVO
362:and
360:crew
356:Vega
238:and
134:Rank
87:Died
64:Born
36:Herr
3394:3rd
3380:2nd
3354:1st
3187:IGY
3183:IPY
1773:Fox
1669:Rae
1235:Mir
1211:NS
374:, (
222:at
3800::
2299:/
611:.
449:.
331:.
234:,
194:.
79:,
2776:"
2770:"
2713:)
2709:(
2700:)
2691:(
696:e
689:t
682:v
597:.
575:.
552:.
529:.
485:(
72:)
68:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
