33:
304:(1994), one of her most critically acclaimed films, perfectly encapsulates Portillo's experimental filmmaking style as well as her interest and connection to her Mexican roots. Covering the mystery surrounding the death of her favorite uncle Oscar Ruiz Almeida, Portillo explored the countless dramas and rumors shared by her family members surrounding her uncle's life and death. Breaking away from conventional documentary styles, Portillo directly interacted with the film, questioning everything told by her family members and capturing her thought process as she uncovers more hidden secrets about her uncle and family. From scenes paired with clips of a TV screen playing Mexican telenovelas, to the recreations of family stories with toy props,
178:, U.S., when she was thirteen years old. Portillo's father's job as an administrator of a newspaper in Mexico and his work on printing projects in the U.S. were among the things that kindled Portillo's keen interest in stories. By the time she was in Portillo twenties, she had gotten a job working for an educational film company in Los Angeles, exposing her to her future career in documentary filmmaking. Wanting to work in a more livelier art film community, Portillo decided to move to San Francisco in the early 1970s. She became a participating member of a collective called Cine Manifest, a
198:
encourage more Third World filmmakers into entering the film industry. In
Portillo's early time in San Francisco, she became very close to La GalerĂa de la Raza, a community-based exhibit space that opened in 1970 and served as a Chicano and Latino art gallery in San Francisco's Mission District. She was part of the CARA Exhibit as an advisor, and was part of the board of the Film Arts Foundation and IVF (Association of Independent Video and Film).
350:, Selena's father, for her documentary and gained access to Selena's music and Beta video copies of performances and footage unavailable to the general public under the condition that Portillo were to follow some of Abraham's film demands and eliminate certain parts he disliked. After abiding to most of the film edits, the following year, after viewing the final version shortly before the film's broadcast on public television's
379:, Mexico. Many young women were disappearing in mysterious circumstances and there were no leads on the issue. Concerned with the lack of coverage, Portillo decided on creating a documentary dedicated to these young women disappearing in Juárez, interviewing family members and exploring the many branches of power behind the lack of coverage surrounding these cases.
356:, he demanded even more edits to which Portillo refused, agreeing to only one of his demands even after threatening to sue her for libel and even attempting to block the national broadcast. Even with the film's struggles to get interviews, media, and its small film budget (around US$ 130,000), Portillo's film won a Golden Spire at the
255:. A turning point in Portillo's filmmaking career, the film won twenty international awards and received an Academy Award nomination in 1987 for Best Documentary. Portillo's film audience greatly expanded beyond the U.S. and played a major role in publicizing internationally the plight of the mothers and missing children.
147:
Portillo got her first filmmaking experience at the age of twenty-one when a friend in
Hollywood asked her to help out on a documentary. Portillo formal training began several years later. She had thus been making award-winning films about Latin American, Mexican, and Chicano/a experiences and social
308:
captures the uniqueness of
Portillo's experimental filmmaking style. Covering a variety of topics such as family dynamics in Mexican culture, queerness, gender roles, and the distinction between private and public family affairs, Portillo's documentary is not just the story of her uncle Oscar's life
287:
for the international commemoration of
Columbus's voyage to the Americas. Portillo humorously mixed political satire and experimental video techniques, putting the figure Columbus in a modern day courtroom and being charged for his atrocities against Native Americans. They collaborated again for the
197:
in 1985 with special emphasis on vanguard and experimental filmmaking. Afterward, Portillo began her career as a producer and director of films. In 1976, Portillo established her own independent film company
Xochitl Productions. She was involved in multiple film communities and panels, working to
386:
and highlights the complexity and diversity of Latin
American experiences both inside and outside the U.S. Her work as a Latina filmmaker embraces stories centering women's experiences and analyses the effects of social, economic and political systems working for and against these identities.
346:(1997). Disappointed with the film's focus on Selena's relationship with men in her life rather than her life as a singer, Portillo decided on creating a documentary focusing on Selena's fans and sordid details of her life. She was able to gain the support of
1214:
2350:
132:(11 November 1943 – 20 April 2024) was a Mexican film director, producer, and writer. The political perspectives of Portillo's films have been described as "nuanced" and versed with a point of view balanced by her experience as a
2177:
387:
Influenced by radical cinema, Portillo's work focuses on the combination of art and politics, expressing the uniqueness of hybrid identities like hers and the importance of denouncing injustice for Latino identities.
158:), she produced over 12 works that demonstrate her work as not only a director, but also an activist, artist, and journalist. While the majority of her work is in the documentary film genre, she also created
1458:
1196:
209:
Portillo's films generally focus on Latin
America and the experience of Latin American–born immigrants in the United States. During her studies at the San Francisco Art Institute, she made her film debut
1552:
32:
983:
382:
Since her first film in 1979, Portillo produced and directed nearly a dozen others representing her creative filmmaking style as a visual artist. Her work covers stories across the
2303:
274:. After shooting the film however, both filmmakers realized they could not continue working together and ended their filmmaking partnership. Portillo was left to finish the film.
189:
After working with Cine
Manifest for several years, she apprenticed with the National Association of Broadcast Engineers and Technicians in San Francisco, and graduated with an
2114:
2474:
182:
collective that created documentaries and was slowly beginning to make feature-length films. She began working as
Stephen Lighthill's assistant in the collective's feature,
1545:
2380:
1646:
1166:
2479:
2212:
2256:
2489:
1538:
796:
786:
2484:
2398:
2208:
2204:
2429:
1845:
357:
1800:
1827:
973:
2308:
1734:
1283:
2444:
2439:
2197:
1833:
266:
and its revival and recovery by
Chicanas and Chicanos in the US. According to Portillo, the film was originally supposed to be made alongside
2534:
2449:
2365:
2298:
1130:
1036:
252:
2469:
2459:
2375:
1347:
2529:
2524:
2121:
1969:
1369:
1321:
2216:
2090:
1805:
829:
278:
948:
2454:
2230:
729:
322:
497:– Outstanding Cinematic Achievement, Best of Category, Documentary Film, National Latino Film and Video Festival, 1991, New York NY
1251:
2434:
2360:
2149:
1453:
622:– Best Documentary at the Havana International Film Festival, the Nestor Almendros Award at the Human Rights Watch Film Festival
2519:
2504:
2128:
1872:
918:
494:– Best Exploration of Belief Prize, VISTAS, A Film Festival of Contemporary Folklife and Popular Culture, 1990, Los Angeles, CA
2514:
580:– New Directors / New Films, The Film Society of Lincoln Center and the Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1995, New York City
2370:
2323:
2277:
2075:
1779:
1519:
858:
703:
556:
372:
300:
1144:
2464:
1744:
880:
669:
412:
240:
227:
1060:
2263:
1759:
336:'s life with the significance around fans, the body, and patriarchy. The inspiration for the film came after watching
194:
87:
1651:
2509:
854:
791:
2494:
2355:
1964:
1709:
821:
293:
267:
236:
1397:
2291:
1959:
1671:
1749:
1704:
148:
justice issues both as a director and screenwriter for about forty years. Since Portillo first film in 1979,
2045:
219:
383:
2270:
1894:
1856:
1839:
1505:
1256:
587:
314:
2345:
2340:
2163:
2100:
2080:
1949:
1810:
2249:
395:
Portillo and her films have won numerous awards, mostly from regional film festivals. Selected awards:
433:– Coral Prize, Feature Documentary, Festival Internacional de Cine Latinoamericano, 1986, Havana, Cuba
140:
woman. Portillo films have been widely studied and analyzed, particularly by scholars in the field of
2499:
2424:
2419:
2283:
2156:
2142:
1904:
1851:
1769:
1764:
1676:
1656:
1291:
656:
368:
309:
and death, but also an analysis of power relations in Mexican society and culture. Recently in 2020,
248:
239:
who she met during her studies at the San Francisco Art Institute. The film documents the actions of
150:
2237:
1979:
1774:
1754:
448:– First Prize, International Catholic Organization for Cinema and Audio-visuals, 1995, Havana, Cuba
430:– Gran Prix Ex-Aquo, Certamen Internacional de Cine Documental y Corto Metrage, 1986, Bilbao, Spain
347:
190:
528:– Best Video, second place, Visual Artist Third Annual film and Video Festival, 1993, San Jose, CA
421:– Emmy Nomination, New and Documentary, 1986, the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences
2243:
2107:
2070:
1914:
1729:
1724:
1636:
1605:
1595:
1160:
1042:
1016:
978:
463:– Women Journalists' Association Prize, Women's International Film Festival, 1986, Creteil, Paris
454:– Caracol Prize from Union of Writers and Artists, International Film Festival, 1985, Havana Cuba
159:
1343:
565:– Best Five Documentaries of the Year, Independent Documentary Association, 1996, Hollywood, CA
424:– Academy Award Nomination, Best Documentary, 1986, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
2170:
1899:
1666:
1661:
1565:
1488:
1206:
1136:
1126:
1032:
825:
689:
519:
283:
531:– Honorable Mention in Native American Studies, American Film and Video Association, Illinois
270:, and together they put in an application to the Corporation for Public Broadcasting to make
2393:
2004:
1994:
1984:
1974:
1861:
1719:
1691:
1585:
1426:
1377:
1313:
1024:
637:– FIPRESCI Prize for International Competition, Thessaloniki Documentary Film Festival, 2002
376:
171:
56:
1821:
1681:
1641:
1631:
1524:
1479:
940:
352:
263:
141:
485:– Director's Choice Selection, Black Maria Film and Video Festival, 1989, West Orange, NJ
631:– Audience Award for Best Documentary, Créteil International Women's Film Festival, 2002
2050:
1924:
1909:
1261:
1201:
568:– Golden Gate Award, San Francisco International Film Festival, 1995, San Francisco, CA
1530:
2413:
2135:
2060:
2040:
1944:
1919:
1197:""The Devil Never Sleeps," Reviewed: A Mexican-American Documentarian's Rare Classic"
1046:
342:
244:
75:
451:– Among Six Best Films, International Documentary Association, 1986, Los Angeles, CA
2065:
2019:
2009:
1934:
1929:
1502:
1493:
1459:"The Devil Never Sleeps," Reviewed: A Mexican-American Documentarian's Rare Classic
577:– Best Documentary, Mostra International de Filmes de Dones, 1995, Barcelona, Spain
571:– Best Feature-Length Documentary, San Juan Cinemafest, 1995, San Juan, Puerto Rico
371:
in Los Angeles in 1997. Portillo stated that she showed her an article stating the
337:
327:
215:
634:– IDA Award for Feature Documentaries, International Documentary Association, 2002
603:– Golden Spire, San Francisco International Film Festival, 1999, San Francisco, CA
583:– Most Promising Latino Film, The Independent Feature Project, 1994, New York City
457:– Best of Northern California, National Education Film Festival, 1986, Oakland, CA
910:
466:– Golden Gate Award, San Francisco International Film Festival, San Francisco, CA
442:– Prix du Public and Prix du Presse, Women's Film Festival, 1986, Creteil, France
1939:
1866:
1815:
1515:
550:– Silver Apple, National Educational Film and Video Festival, 1994, Berkeley, CA
175:
1475:
846:
2223:
1714:
1440:
1210:
1140:
888:
439:– Second Place for Documentary, Sydney Film Festival, 1986, Sydney, Australia
2024:
1999:
1068:
232:
1795:
1699:
1430:
445:– Best Film, Global Village Documentary Film Festival, 1986, New York City
2055:
1954:
1610:
1238:
Chicano Matters: Lourdes Portillo: The Devil Never Sleeps and Other Films
491:– Special Jury Prize, Sinking Creek Film Festival, 1990, Greeneville, TN
488:– Blue Ribbon, American Film and Video Festival, 1990, San Francisco, CA
2014:
1989:
1600:
1590:
1580:
1561:
1484:
1028:
179:
137:
133:
974:"Lourdes Portillo Dies: Oscar-Nominated Filmmaker And Activist Was 80"
479:– Honors, International Documentary Association, 1989, Los Angeles, CA
2316:
1878:
1615:
1398:"Lourdes Portillo, Oscar-Nominated Documentary Filmmaker, Dies at 80"
1120:
406:– Diploma of Honor, Cracow Shorts Film Festival, 1979, Cracow, Poland
333:
1240:. University of Texas Press. p. 9 – via Proquest ebrary.
574:– Best Documentary, San Antonio CineFestival, 1995, San Antonio, TX
201:
Portillo died in San Francisco on 20 April 2024, at the age of 80.
174:, Mexico, Portillo emigrated with her parents and four siblings to
121:
1470:
847:"SFIFF52: Lourdes Portillo, Persistence of Vision Award Recipient"
513:– Special Mention, San Antonio CineFestival, 1990, San Antonio, TX
482:– Best Feature Documentary, Athens Film Festival, 1989, Athens, OH
436:– Blue Ribbon, American Film and Video Festival, 1986 New York, NY
247:
in Buenos Aires to remember their children that were murdered or "
1441:
Parallax Views on Human Rights: Portillo's Experiment Al más allá
1023:, University of Texas Press, pp. 227–234, 31 December 2006,
427:– Special Jury Prize, Sundance Film Festival, 1986, Park City, UT
292:
in 2001. Alongside Culture Clash, she also collaborated with the
1739:
1454:
Alive Again: Lourdes Portillo Discusses "The Devil Never Sleeps"
367:(2001) was inspired after a conversation she had with filmmaker
1534:
460:– Best Film, Sinking Creek Film Festival, 1986, Greeneville, TN
1448:
Lourdes portillo : The devil never sleeps and other films
218:, focusing on the experience of a Nicaraguan refugee of the
628:– Best Documentary, Cinequest San Jose Film Festival, 2002
262:(1988), Portillo focuses on the Mexican cultural practice
642:
Recipient of United States Artists (USA) Fellowship, 2008
277:
In 1992, she collaborated with the Chicano comedy troupe
818:
Lourdes Portillo: The Devil Never Sleeps and Other Films
608:
Recipient of CalArts/Herb Alpert Award in the Arts, 1999
1122:
Lourdes Portillo the devil never sleeps and other films
547:– Silver Hugo, Chicago Film Festival, 1994, Chicago, IL
1509:
534:– The 1993 Whitney Museum Biennial, New York, New York
243:, a group of Argentine women who gather weekly at the
1497:
2333:
2187:
2089:
2033:
1887:
1788:
1690:
1624:
1573:
117:
109:
101:
93:
83:
64:
42:
23:
619:– Special Jury Prize at the Sundance Film Festival
400:After the Earthquake/Después del terremoto (1979)
2381:List of Mexican-American political organizations
1436:. London and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.
1119:Lourdes., Fregoso, Rosa Linda. Portillo (2001).
941:"IDA Documentary Awards 2017 - Lourdes Portillo"
1443:" Global Studies Review 8.3 (Fall/Winter 2013).
1344:"United States Artists » Lourdes Portillo"
625:– The Ariel, the Mexican Academy of Film Award
1546:
911:"African American Women's Lives Then and Now"
704:The Devil Never Sleeps/El Diablo Nunca Duerme
8:
1165:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
797:List of LGBT-related films directed by women
787:List of female film and television directors
2399:Category:American people of Mexican descent
2475:American film directors of Mexican descent
1553:
1539:
1531:
968:
966:
373:discovery of about thirty women found dead
31:
20:
743:Culture Clash: Mission Magic Mystery Tour
737:Conversations With Academics About Selena
358:San Francisco International Film Festival
290:Culture Clash: Mission Magic Mystery Tour
1182:Lourdes Portillo: The Devil Never Sleeps
767:Chime for Change: Girls of Ciudad Juárez
2351:U.S. communities with Hispanic majority
1735:Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts
1525:Guide to the Papers of Lourdes Portillo
1184:. University of Texas Press. p. 1.
808:
749:Señorita Extraviada/Missing Young Woman
2480:Mexican emigrants to the United States
1391:
1389:
1387:
1158:
2366:List of Hispanic and Latino Americans
1350:from the original on 25 February 2023
1114:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1106:
951:from the original on 26 February 2020
945:International Documentary Association
921:from the original on 26 February 2020
326:(1999), Portillo weaved the story of
7:
2376:List of Mexican-American communities
1801:1985–1987 Watsonville Cannery strike
1396:MayorquĂn, Orlando (22 April 2024).
1217:from the original on 21 January 2022
1104:
1102:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1086:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
2490:21st-century American women artists
2178:DHS v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal.
2122:Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co.
1527:at the Online Archive of California
1324:from the original on 21 August 2019
1021:Spilling the Beans in Chicanolandia
37:Portillo receiving an award in 2015
2485:San Francisco Art Institute alumni
1147:from the original on 22 April 2024
986:from the original on 21 April 2024
281:to produce the experimental video
14:
2430:Film directors from San Francisco
1318:The Herb Alpert Award in the Arts
1061:"Interview with Lourdes Portillo"
861:from the original on 24 July 2021
816:Fregoso, Rosa Linda, ed. (2001).
730:Corpus: A Home Movie About Selena
645:Anonymous Was A Woman Award, 2016
323:Corpus: A Home Movie About Selena
16:Mexican film director (1943–2024)
1970:Mexican-American women's fashion
677:La Ofrenda: The Days of the Dead
472:La Ofrenda: The Days of the Dead
260:La Ofrenda: The Days of the Dead
231:, a 1986 co-production with the
122:https://www.lourdesportillo.com/
2115:San Antonio I.S.D. v. Rodriguez
1195:Brody, Richard (12 June 2019).
1059:Salas, Fred (29 October 1998).
845:Avila, Robert (27 April 2009).
596:Corpus: A Home Movie for Selena
375:under similar circumstances in
97:Film director, producer, writer
717:This is Your Day/Hoy es tu DĂa
1:
2445:American women film producers
2440:American women film directors
1780:Occupation of Catalina Island
1755:Farm workers' rights campaign
1520:Stanford University Libraries
1512:in New York City, 22–30 June.
1180:Fregoso, Rosa Linder (2001).
1125:. University of Texas Press.
214:in 1979 alongside codirector
2535:American LGBT film directors
2450:American women screenwriters
1450:. University of Texas Press.
1439:Vivancos PĂ©rez, Ricardo F. "
670:The Mothers of Plaza de Mayo
413:The Mothers of Plaza de Mayo
320:Fast-forwarding to her film
241:Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo
228:The Mothers of Plaza de Mayo
170:Born on 11 November 1943 in
2470:American LGBT screenwriters
2460:Mexican LGBT film directors
1425:Vivancos Perez, Ricardo F.
195:San Francisco Art Institute
88:San Francisco Art Institute
2551:
2530:People from Chihuahua City
2525:Mexican LGBT screenwriters
1236:Portillo, Lourdes (2001).
855:San Francisco Film Society
792:List of lesbian filmmakers
2389:
1965:Mexican-American folklore
1745:Plan Espiritual de Aztlán
1498:Women Make Movies catalog
822:University of Texas Press
711:Sometimes My Feet Go Numb
510:– Cine Golden Eagle, 1990
294:San Francisco Mime Troupe
184:Over-Under, Sideways-Down
76:San Francisco, California
30:
2455:American lesbian artists
1960:Mexican-American cuisine
1516:Lourdes Portillo archive
1065:Lourdes Portillo website
885:Lourdes Portillo website
2435:American film producers
2150:Flores-Figueroa v. U.S.
2046:Coyolxauhqui imperative
1434:Radical Chicana Poetics
1284:"About Lourdes: Awards"
220:1972 Managua earthquake
2520:Mexican film producers
2505:Mexican film directors
2129:U.S. v. Brignoni-Ponce
1895:Anti-Mexican sentiment
1857:Killing of Adam Toledo
1840:Great American Boycott
1710:Centro de Arte PĂşblico
588:National Film Registry
557:The Devil Never Sleeps
315:National Film Registry
311:The Devil Never Sleeps
306:The Devil Never Sleeps
301:The Devil Never Sleeps
268:Susana Blaustein Muñoz
237:Susana Blaustein Muñoz
162:and screen writings.
2515:Mexican screenwriters
2164:Mendez v. Westminster
2101:Botiller v. Dominguez
2081:Youth control complex
1950:Estrada Courts murals
1811:2019 El Paso shooting
1789:Post-Chicano Movement
1750:Plan de Santa Bárbara
1705:CatĂłlicos por La Raza
1446:Portillo, L. (2001).
1431:10.1057/9781137343581
1374:Anonymous Was A Woman
947:. 12 September 2017.
887:. n.d. Archived from
662:Después del Terremoto
212:Después del Terremoto
156:Después del Terremoto
2157:Leal Garcia v. Texas
1852:Justice for Janitors
1770:Los Siete de la Raza
1765:Colegio César Chávez
1657:Mexican Repatriation
1625:Pre-Chicano Movement
1510:Museum of Modern Art
1370:"2016 Award Winners"
1071:on 27 September 2007
697:Mirrors of the Heart
658:After the Earthquake
540:Mirrors of the Heart
313:was included in the
151:After the Earthquake
2465:LGBT film producers
1980:New Mexican cuisine
1806:1992 Drywall Strike
1775:Los Seis de Boulder
1760:Land grant struggle
1677:Sleepy Lagoon trial
1294:on 29 November 2020
1288:lourdesportillo.com
881:"Latino Film Index"
612:Señorita Extraviada
586:– Inclusion in the
365:Señorita Extraviada
348:Abraham Quintanilla
258:In her third film,
253:the military regime
225:It was followed by
160:video installations
2188:By city and region
2108:Hernandez v. Texas
2071:Spiritual activism
1915:Chicano literature
1730:Chicano Moratorium
1637:Bisbee Deportation
1402:The New York Times
1314:"Lourdes Portillo"
1252:"Lourdes Portillo"
1029:10.7560/709676-018
1017:"Lourdes Portillo"
384:U.S.–Mexico border
317:for preservation.
222:in San Francisco.
2510:Mexican activists
2407:
2406:
2356:Mexican Americans
2304:Dallas–Fort Worth
2171:Bernal v. Fainter
2143:MedellĂn v. Texas
1672:Porvenir Massacre
1667:Plan de San Diego
1662:Operation Wetback
1264:on 21 August 2019
1132:978-0-292-78912-8
1038:978-0-292-79593-8
982:. 21 April 2024.
690:Columbus on Trial
520:Columbus on Trial
369:Renee Tajima-Peña
284:Columbus on Trial
127:
126:
102:Years active
2542:
2495:Chicana feminism
2394:Category:Chicano
2324:Salt Lake Valley
2034:Chicana/o Theory
2005:Teatro Campesino
1995:Regional Mexican
1985:New Mexico music
1975:Mexican muralism
1862:Murder of Selena
1725:Chicano Blowouts
1720:Chicana feminism
1692:Chicano Movement
1586:Mexican American
1566:Mexican American
1555:
1548:
1541:
1532:
1503:Lourdes Portillo
1494:Lourdes Portillo
1485:Lourdes Portillo
1476:Lourdes Portillo
1413:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1393:
1382:
1381:
1380:on 6 March 2017.
1376:. Archived from
1366:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1290:. Archived from
1280:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1260:. Archived from
1248:
1242:
1241:
1233:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1164:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1116:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1067:. Archived from
1056:
1050:
1049:
1013:
996:
995:
993:
991:
970:
961:
960:
958:
956:
937:
931:
930:
928:
926:
907:
901:
900:
898:
896:
877:
871:
870:
868:
866:
842:
836:
835:
820:(1st ed.).
813:
130:Lourdes Portillo
71:
53:11 November 1943
52:
50:
35:
25:Lourdes Portillo
21:
2550:
2549:
2545:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2539:
2410:
2409:
2408:
2403:
2385:
2329:
2183:
2085:
2029:
2015:Tex-Mex cuisine
1883:
1873:Proposition 187
1822:Arizona SB 1070
1784:
1686:
1682:Zoot Suit Riots
1642:Bracero program
1632:1917 Bath riots
1620:
1569:
1559:
1480:Video Data Bank
1467:
1422:
1420:Further reading
1417:
1416:
1406:
1404:
1395:
1394:
1385:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1353:
1351:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1327:
1325:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1297:
1295:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1267:
1265:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1220:
1218:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1157:
1150:
1148:
1133:
1118:
1117:
1084:
1074:
1072:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1039:
1015:
1014:
999:
989:
987:
972:
971:
964:
954:
952:
939:
938:
934:
924:
922:
909:
908:
904:
894:
892:
891:on 27 June 2007
879:
878:
874:
864:
862:
844:
843:
839:
832:
815:
814:
810:
805:
783:
778:
652:
393:
264:Day of the Dead
207:
168:
142:Chicano studies
79:
73:
69:
60:
54:
48:
46:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2548:
2546:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2412:
2411:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2396:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2337:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2320:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2286:
2281:
2274:
2271:Nuevomexicanos
2267:
2260:
2253:
2246:
2241:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2153:
2146:
2139:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2096:
2094:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2051:Gringo justice
2048:
2043:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1925:Chicano poetry
1922:
1917:
1912:
1910:Chicano cinema
1907:
1902:
1897:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1876:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1842:
1837:
1830:
1825:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1696:
1694:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1628:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1522:
1513:
1500:
1491:
1482:
1473:
1466:
1465:External links
1463:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1444:
1437:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1383:
1361:
1335:
1305:
1275:
1243:
1228:
1202:The New Yorker
1187:
1172:
1131:
1082:
1051:
1037:
997:
962:
932:
902:
872:
837:
831:978-0292725249
830:
824:. p. 11.
807:
806:
804:
801:
800:
799:
794:
789:
782:
779:
777:
776:
773:State of Grace
770:
764:
758:
752:
746:
740:
734:
726:
720:
714:
708:
700:
694:
686:
680:
674:
666:
653:
651:
648:
647:
646:
643:
639:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
616:
615:
609:
605:
604:
600:
599:
592:
591:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
566:
562:
561:
552:
551:
548:
544:
543:
536:
535:
532:
529:
525:
524:
515:
514:
511:
507:
506:
499:
498:
495:
492:
489:
486:
483:
480:
476:
475:
468:
467:
464:
461:
458:
455:
452:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
418:
417:
408:
407:
403:
402:
392:
389:
206:
203:
167:
164:
125:
124:
119:
115:
114:
111:
107:
106:
103:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
74:
72:(aged 80)
66:
62:
61:
55:
44:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2547:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2415:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2346:Chicano poets
2344:
2342:
2341:Chicano films
2339:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2325:
2321:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2300:
2297:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2288:Pennsylvania
2287:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2278:New York City
2275:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2261:
2258:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2213:San Francisco
2210:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2136:Plyler v. Doe
2133:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:Supreme Court
2088:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2061:New tribalism
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2041:Barrioization
2039:
2038:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1945:Cinco de Mayo
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1920:Chicano names
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1689:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1556:
1551:
1549:
1544:
1542:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1507:
1506:retrospective
1504:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1471:Official site
1469:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1403:
1399:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1365:
1362:
1349:
1345:
1339:
1336:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1309:
1306:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1279:
1276:
1263:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1239:
1232:
1229:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1176:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
998:
985:
981:
980:
975:
969:
967:
963:
950:
946:
942:
936:
933:
920:
916:
912:
906:
903:
890:
886:
882:
876:
873:
860:
856:
852:
848:
841:
838:
833:
827:
823:
819:
812:
809:
802:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
784:
780:
774:
771:
768:
765:
762:
759:
756:
753:
750:
747:
744:
741:
738:
735:
732:
731:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
706:
705:
701:
698:
695:
692:
691:
687:
684:
681:
678:
675:
672:
671:
667:
664:
663:
659:
655:
654:
649:
644:
641:
640:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
617:
613:
610:
607:
606:
602:
601:
597:
594:
593:
589:
585:
582:
579:
576:
573:
570:
567:
564:
563:
559:
558:
554:
553:
549:
546:
545:
541:
538:
537:
533:
530:
527:
526:
522:
521:
517:
516:
512:
509:
508:
504:
501:
500:
496:
493:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
477:
473:
470:
469:
465:
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
419:
415:
414:
410:
409:
405:
404:
401:
398:
397:
396:
390:
388:
385:
380:
378:
377:Ciudad Juárez
374:
370:
366:
361:
359:
355:
354:
353:Point of View
349:
345:
344:
339:
335:
332:
330:
325:
324:
318:
316:
312:
307:
303:
302:
297:
295:
291:
286:
285:
280:
279:Culture Clash
275:
273:
269:
265:
261:
256:
254:
250:
246:
245:Plaza de Mayo
242:
238:
234:
230:
229:
223:
221:
217:
213:
204:
202:
199:
196:
192:
187:
185:
181:
177:
173:
166:Personal life
165:
163:
161:
157:
153:
152:
145:
143:
139:
135:
131:
123:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
94:Occupation(s)
92:
89:
86:
82:
77:
68:20 April 2024
67:
63:
58:
45:
41:
34:
29:
22:
19:
2371:Bibliography
2292:Philadelphia
2269:New Mexico (
2222:California (
2176:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2148:
2141:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2113:
2106:
2099:
2066:Rasquachismo
2020:Tortilla art
2010:Tejano music
1935:Chicano rock
1930:Chicano Park
1871:
1844:
1832:
1820:
1447:
1433:
1405:. Retrieved
1401:
1378:the original
1373:
1364:
1352:. Retrieved
1338:
1326:. Retrieved
1317:
1308:
1296:. Retrieved
1292:the original
1287:
1278:
1266:. Retrieved
1262:the original
1255:
1246:
1237:
1231:
1219:. Retrieved
1200:
1190:
1181:
1175:
1149:. Retrieved
1121:
1073:. Retrieved
1069:the original
1064:
1054:
1020:
988:. Retrieved
977:
953:. Retrieved
944:
935:
923:. Retrieved
914:
905:
893:. Retrieved
889:the original
884:
875:
863:. Retrieved
850:
840:
817:
811:
772:
766:
760:
754:
748:
742:
736:
728:
722:
716:
710:
702:
696:
688:
682:
676:
668:
661:
657:
611:
595:
555:
539:
518:
502:
471:
411:
399:
394:
381:
364:
362:
351:
341:
338:Gregory Nava
328:
321:
319:
310:
305:
299:
298:
289:
282:
276:
271:
259:
257:
226:
224:
216:Nina Serrano
211:
208:
200:
188:
183:
169:
155:
149:
146:
129:
128:
70:(2024-04-20)
18:
2500:Chicano art
2425:2024 deaths
2420:1943 births
2224:Californios
2209:Los Angeles
1940:Chicano rap
1905:Chicano art
1867:Party crews
1828:Castro 2020
1816:Abolish ICE
1354:25 February
955:26 February
925:26 February
915:www.wmm.com
761:Al Más Allá
650:Filmography
249:disappeared
176:Los Angeles
2414:Categories
2276:New York (
2262:Nebraska (
2255:Michigan (
2248:Maryland (
2236:Illinois (
2229:Colorado (
2205:California
1715:Chicanismo
1652:La Matanza
1647:Korean War
1518:housed at
1151:8 December
803:References
755:My McQueen
272:La Ofrenda
49:1943-11-11
2250:Baltimore
2217:San Diego
2076:VergĂĽenza
2025:Zoot suit
2000:Skull art
1328:21 August
1268:21 August
1211:0028-792X
1161:cite book
1141:929278331
1047:240105002
865:21 August
851:SF360.org
363:Her film
360:in 1999.
235:director
233:Argentine
193:from the
172:Chihuahua
105:1979–2024
84:Education
57:Chihuahua
2284:Oklahoma
2194:Arizona
2056:Nepantla
1955:Lowrider
1611:Blaxican
1407:23 April
1348:Archived
1322:Archived
1320:. 1999.
1298:11 March
1215:Archived
1145:Archived
1075:6 August
990:21 April
984:Archived
979:Deadline
949:Archived
919:Archived
895:6 August
859:Archived
781:See also
340:'s film
186:(1972).
110:Children
59:, Mexico
2361:Writers
2317:Tejanos
2315:Texas (
2309:Houston
2257:Detroit
2238:Chicago
1888:Culture
1601:Pachuco
1591:La Raza
1581:Chicano
1562:Chicano
1508:at the
1496:in the
1478:in the
1221:1 April
723:13 Days
180:Marxist
138:Chicana
134:lesbian
118:Website
2322:Utah (
2244:Kansas
2231:Denver
2198:Tucson
1879:Xicanx
1796:Aztlán
1700:Aztlán
1616:Xicanx
1568:topics
1209:
1139:
1129:
1045:
1035:
828:
775:(2020)
769:(2013)
763:(2008)
757:(2003)
751:(2001)
745:(2001)
739:(1999)
733:(1999)
725:(1997)
719:(1995)
713:(1995)
707:(1994)
699:(1993)
693:(1992)
685:(1989)
679:(1988)
673:(1985)
665:(1979)
614:(2001)
598:(1999)
590:, 2020
560:(1994)
542:(1993)
523:(1992)
505:(1989)
474:(1988)
416:(1986)
391:Awards
343:Selena
334:Selena
331:singer
329:Tejana
205:Career
78:, U.S.
2334:Lists
2299:Texas
2264:Omaha
2093:cases
1606:Pinto
1596:Cholo
1574:Terms
1043:S2CID
288:film
251:" by
1990:Paño
1900:CalĂł
1846:IRCA
1834:DACA
1740:PCUN
1564:and
1489:IMDb
1409:2024
1356:2023
1330:2019
1300:2017
1270:2019
1223:2024
1207:ISSN
1167:link
1153:2021
1137:OCLC
1127:ISBN
1077:2007
1033:ISBN
992:2024
957:2020
927:2020
897:2007
867:2019
826:ISBN
683:Vida
503:Vida
136:and
65:Died
43:Born
1487:at
1427:doi
1257:BFI
1025:doi
191:MFA
2416::
2215:•
2211:•
1400:.
1386:^
1372:.
1346:.
1316:.
1286:.
1254:.
1213:.
1205:.
1199:.
1163:}}
1159:{{
1143:.
1135:.
1085:^
1063:.
1041:,
1031:,
1019:,
1000:^
976:.
965:^
943:.
917:.
913:.
883:.
857:.
853:.
849:.
296:.
144:.
2326:)
2319:)
2280:)
2273:)
2266:)
2259:)
2252:)
2240:)
2233:)
2226:)
2219:)
2207:(
1554:e
1547:t
1540:v
1429::
1411:.
1358:.
1332:.
1302:.
1272:.
1225:.
1169:)
1155:.
1079:.
1027::
994:.
959:.
929:.
899:.
869:.
834:.
660:/
154:(
113:3
51:)
47:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.