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469:, were drawn up by the court gardener Maximilian Friedrich Weyhe of DĂĽsseldorf, who had also been commissioned by Lameth to submit plans for the redesign of the outer moats. The overall project was overseen by a "Committee for Embellishments," established in 1807. The Lousberg, which had been more or less bare and used as a sheep pasture, was transformed into a wooded park with an extensive tree population by 1818. The society house was built between 1807 and 1810.
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457:" on the southeastern slope of the mountain. To this end, several citizens, under the chairmanship of Körfgen, joined in a specially created corporation whose purpose was to promote tourism. While the public authorities had to provide the land for the project and carry out the planting work, it was up to the limited company to raise the funds to build the society house. The first plantings on the Lousberg were commissioned in 1807 by
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487:. The circular path, beginning at the site of today's bronze statues, through the recently restored beech avenue on the north slope, offered spa guests and citizens different views of the city and the surrounding countryside, until all the views converged at the obelisk. The course itself was also dramatically designed by Weyhe, with flat sections alternating with climbs of varying lengths.
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338:, about 5,500 to 5,000 years ago, flint was mined and worked intensively on the Lousberg. This gray flint, easily recognizable by its characteristic chocolate-brown color zones, was used to make axes and other tools, most of which were polished on-site or brought to settlements as semi-finished products.
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Today, the
Lousberg is largely wooded and serves as a local recreation area. The extensive park of the former St. Raphael Monastery north of the Lousberg was integrated into the Lousberg Park in 2009. The Lousberg is also the site of the annual summer Lousberg Run and the open-air literature festival
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Subsequently, during the Upper
Cretaceous, the area was gradually submerged by the sea, and 30–50 m thick quartz sands of the Aachen Formation were deposited, which were mined in small sand pits on the lower slopes of the Lousberg (e.g. at the present playground at the end of Kupfer Street). There is
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The Stone Age mining of flint has almost completely reclaimed the central plateau of the
Lousberg, which originally consisted of a 6 m thick layer of calcareous limestone. The resulting dumps, up to 4.5 meters thick, are still visible today as a hilly landscape under the yew grove. Finished axes and
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was built in 1956 to provide water to the western neighborhoods. In the 1980s, however, more efficient pumps made this unnecessary, and in 1988 the tower ceased to function as a water tower altogether. After extensive renovations, it is now used primarily as an office building. For a long time, the
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in honor of
Tranchot and his colleagues, based on a design by the engineering geographer Capitaine Boucher. The obelisk is a precisely measured central point that served as a starting point for astronomical observations and mapping in the region. From there, other points in the area were determined
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At the end of the 19th century, according to the plans of Aachen's director of gardens
Heinrich Grube, the park areas of the Lousberg were extended eastwards to include the areas of the Salvatorberg, so that a network of green spaces could be created with the city fortifications (northern parts of
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It was at this time that the first landscape park in Europe, initiated by citizens (and not by princes), was created on the
Lousberg. These efforts were closely linked to the embellishments ordered by Napoleon in 1804, which included the "repair and embellishment of the baths" and the creation of
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Its dilapidation was complained about as early as 1818. In 1827-28 the building was renovated and enlarged under the direction of Adam Franz
Friedrich Leydel. On 29 August 1836 the Society House burned down completely after a ball. In 1838 it was rebuilt in the neoclassical style according to
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of the artifacts found in the
Lousberg overburden indicate that the mine was in operation between 3500 and 3000 B.C. Calculations based on the volume of the overburden, the weight of the production waste, and the average weight of the axe blades suggest that about 300,000 axe blanks left the
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into building the cathedral. The devil was out for revenge and wanted to bury the cathedral and the city in the sand forever. However, he was tricked by a poor woman and dropped the pile of sand north of the city, creating a larger and smaller mountain.
446:"walks" on the filled-in trenches of the outer city fortifications. The idea of planting the Lousberg is said to have originated in 1806 and to have been promoted by Johann Wilhelm Körfgen (1769–1829), secretary general of the prefecture of the
564:-works owner Nicolaus Mantels. To save the building from demolition, the city bought it and had it rebuilt on the Lousberg. The pavilion has been managed by the Lousberg Society since 2005 and is used for exhibitions and lectures.
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using the triangulation method, which eventually allowed the entire area to be mapped. When
Napoleon was deposed on 2 April 1814 the monument was destroyed. On 15 May 1815 the obelisk was re-erected by order of the Prussian Baron
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top floor of the building housed a café. The café was known for its 360° panoramic view and the automatic movement of tables around the circular area using a slow conveyor belt. A restaurant has since opened in the same space.
290:, which were the subject of a Neolithic quarry. All but a small amount of the flint was quarried, and the unused limestone material was dumped on the surrounding slopes. Due to the poor consolidation of this debris, small
560:, on the Lousberg. The pavilion, which is about 100 years older than the Lousberg Park, was previously located in the city of Aachen at Annuntiatenbach 22-28 and was part of the city palace of the wealthy
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began the topographic survey of the
Rhineland at the scale of 1:20,000, starting from a triangulation point on the Lousberg. On 17 October 1807 the French Ministry of War erected a
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The legend is commemorated by a group of bronze statues on the Lousberg, depicting a farmer's wife and a devil, created in 1985 by Aachen artist Krista Löneke-Kemmerling.
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In the Campanian, tectonic movements began to increase, which are associated with the sinking of the Lower Rhine Bight and led to the uplift of the Lousberg Floe. The
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that the Lousberg floe was submerged again due to a rise in sea level. Dead microorganisms were deposited in a calcareous mud, which today forms the so-called
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The open-air stage on the Lousberg, which was built like a Greek theater on the hillside facing the city, failed not least because of the Aachen weather.
400:. The inscription praising Napoleon was replaced by the inscription that can still be read today. The damage to the edges of the stone was compensated by
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Der Lousberg – Feuersteinbergbau in der Jungsteinzeit. Ein Führer zur prähistorischen Abteilung des stadtgeschichtlichen Museums Burg Frankenberg Aachen.
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Aachen und nördliche Umgebung. Mechernicher Voreifel, Aachen-Südlimburger Hügelland und westliche Niederrheinische Bucht (= Sammlung Geologischer Führer.
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at the beginning of the 19th century according to plans by Maximilian Friedrich Weyhe. The origin of the name is not entirely clear. It could come from
479:, it functioned as both a restaurant and a casino. It was a popular destination for walkers, along with other features such as the Tranchot Obelisk, a
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Der Lousberg. Seine Geschichte, seine Verwandlung in einen Waldpark nach dem Plan von Maximilian Friedrich Weyhe und seine Bedeutung fĂĽr Aachen heute.
323:
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The Lousberg legend, one of the Aachen legends, explains the existence of the Lousberg as a single mountain in the middle of the Aachen basin in an
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are embedded in these layers. Due to the water-storing properties of the deposits, the clay of the Hergenrath layers forms the most important
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286:. The original thickness of the limestone layer on the Lousberg was about 6 meters. The upper 4.5 meters contained layers of brown
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have shown. The population of bats, amphibians, and reptiles is also remarkable. The amphibians find spawning waters in the
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on the plateau. In the former St. Raphael monastery park to the north, the listed MĂĽschpark, there are extensive stands of
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The striking coloration of the Lousberg flint makes it a suitable object for studying the distribution of axe blades. The
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the ring of avenues) planned by Maximilian Friedrich Weyhe from 1807 and with today's municipal gardens designed by
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Lousberg. These axe blanks were distributed as far as Belgium (Thieusies, about 160 km by air), central Hesse (
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Der Tranchot-Obelisk auf dem Lousberg in Aachen. Eine Dokumentation des Landesvermessungsamtes Nordrhein-Westfalen.
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Der Hintergrund zur Kartenaufname der Rheinlande durch Tranchot und von MĂĽffling im Spiegel einer Inschrift
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From an ornithological point of view, the Lousberg is very rich in species, as studies carried out by the
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Leydel's plans and later renovated and expanded according to Friedrich Joseph Ark's plans. Known as the
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Student research project at the Chair of Architectural History at RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 1987.
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The idea of a park on the Lousberg was combined with the idea of building a society house called the "
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social house and other structures in the park were destroyed. The remains of the columns of the
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Der Lousberg in Aachen. Ein jungsteinzeitlicher Feuersteintagebau mit Beilklingenproduktion
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according to Maximilian Friedrich Weyhe's plans for the Lousberg. In 1866, Weyhe's son
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still occur today, as evidenced by the uprooted trees and cracks in the footpaths.
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At the foot of the Lousberg, dark gray, clayey to sandy sediments of the so-called
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can still be seen today and are colloquially known as the "Aachen Acropolis".
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limestones were probably not primarily sedimented due to their high altitude.
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Historisch-topographische Beschreibung der Stadt Aachen und ihrer Umgebungen.
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163:, the Lousberg is one of Aachen's three witness mountains, along with the
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Between 1803 and 1814, General Secretary Johann Wilhelm Körfgen had his
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is a prominent elevation on the northern edge of the historic center of
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909:. In: Hansgerd Hellenkemper, Heinz GĂĽnter Horn, Harald Koschik (Ed.):
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436). Rhineland Association for Monument Preservation, Cologne 1998,
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350:, about 225 km by air), and eastern Westphalia (Neuenknick near
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Der Lousberg in Aachen. Ein Feuersteinbergwerk aus der Jungsteinzeit
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flint flakes have been found in the area and on the steep slopes.
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Archäologie in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Geschichte im Herzen Europas
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of Roer. The plans for the park, based on the principles of the
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At the beginning of the 19th century, the Napoleonic geographer
396:, who continued the surveying work on behalf of the Kingdom of
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movements that led to the formation of the Lower Rhine Bight.
186:, when the region around Aachen was affected by a Europe-wide
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estate, located on the northern flank of the Lousberg in the
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In 1906, the city of Aachen rebuilt the Kersten Pavilion, a
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on the site of today's revolving tower, and a small Chinese
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The excursion Restaurant "Belvedere" (1896) on the Lousberg
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Because the woman was "lous", which means "clever" in the
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Yew forest on the slag heaps of the Neolithic flint quarry
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between the sands of the Aachen Formation and the younger
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Der Lousberg in Aachen. Feuersteinbergbau vor 5500 Jahren
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338). Neusser printing and publishing house, Neuss 1988,
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Schriften zur Bodendenkmalpflege in Nordrhein-Westfalen.
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Volume 101). Borntraeger Brothers, Berlin et al. 2010,
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Waldpark Lousberg in the European Garden Network EGHN
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56:
46:
41:
21:
830:Der Aachener Lousbergpark im 19. Jahrhundert.
720:. Lousberg Society, retrieved on January 8, 2016.
365:occupation, the limestone was used to build the
209:layers were deposited, which formed in a swampy
511:Temple of Pleasure (Monopteros) on the Lousberg
229:in the region, both on the Lousberg and in the
171:, and one of the southernmost foothills of the
609:Aerial view of Lousberg in the north of Aachen
958:Mountains and hills of North Rhine-Westphalia
693:, the larger mountain was called "Lousberg".
318:north of the Lousberg. There is a continuous
257:color, these beds were formerly known as the
8:
198:elevation of the Lousberg is related to the
902:Museums of the City of Aachen, Aachen 1984.
534:developed the 11-hectare park into today's
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681:legend, the people of Aachen tricked the
148:. Another explanation has to do with the
825:, Oecher Platt Association (ed.), Aachen
805:" of the Rhineland Regional Association
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404:, which is untypical for an obelisk.
373:, it was used in the construction of
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733:DuMont-Schauberg, Köln et al. 1829,
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594:"Reading Pleasure on the Lousberg".
253:. Because of their greenish-brown
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819:, in: Richard Wollgarten et al.:
152:term lous, which means "clever".
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553:building designed by the Aachen
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440:Model in the Centre Charlemagne
868:66). From Zabern, Mainz 2010,
779:Thomas Terhart, Raimund Mohr:
666:Bronze statues on the Lousberg
1:
917:1). From Zabern, Mainz 1990,
354:, about 280 km by air).
217:wood, charcoal, and numerous
963:Mountains under 1000 metres
881:Der Lousberg-Park in Aachen
624:water and observation tower
416:The obelisk on the Lousberg
182:. It was formed during the
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822:Aachener Sagen und Märchen
636:The columns of the former
428:Inscription on the obelisk
128:, which was laid out as a
33:View of the Lousberg from
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934:Rheinische Kunststätten.
885:Rheinische Kunststätten.
770:, Report on rootsweb.com
717:Geschichte des Lousbergs
467:English landscape garden
864:Rheinische Ausgrabungen
839:Issue 58, No. 4, 2021,
835:Rheinische Heimatpflege
667:
369:of Aachen, and in the
312:RWTH Aachen University
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109:North Rhine-Westphalia
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587:Belvedere Water Tower
524:, transformed into a
461:, the prefect of the
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275:It was not until the
558:Johann Joseph Couven
532:Joseph Clemens Weyhe
382:Jean Joseph Tranchot
188:marine transgression
80:50.78694°N 6.07917°E
828:Lucrezia Hartmann:
459:Alexandre de Lameth
120:At 264 meters, the
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925:, p. 139–142.
847:, p. 285–300.
766:Marie-Luise Carl.
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544:Peter Joseph Lenné
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237:a clear erosional
156:Geology, formation
42:Highest point
874:978-3-8053-4326-8
817:Die Lousberg-Sage
799:in the database "
755:978-3-443-15087-7
677:According to the
394:Karl von MĂĽffling
259:Vaals Green Sands
245:Formation of the
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85:50.78694; 6.07917
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169:Wingertsberg
165:Salvatorberg
161:Geologically
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672:etiological
527:ferme ornée
463:département
449:département
371:Middle Ages
361:During the
334:During the
219:concretions
211:river delta
146:Charlemagne
83: /
58:Coordinates
35:Laurensberg
952:Categories
854:Bonn 1988.
795:Entry for
700:References
536:MĂĽsch Park
481:Monopteros
402:chamfering
320:yew forest
292:landslides
255:weathering
251:glauconite
215:Silicified
207:Hergenrath
180:Cretaceous
68:50°47′13″N
845:0342-1805
638:Belvedere
622:Belvedere
580:Belvédère
576:Belvédère
555:architect
546:in 1852.
476:Belvedere
455:Belvédère
386:bluestone
284:limestone
247:Campanian
223:marcasite
96:Geography
52:264DE-NHN
48:Elevation
598:Pictures
451:of Roer.
348:BĂĽdingen
282:Vetschau
200:tectonic
167:and the
122:Lousberg
101:Location
71:6°4′45″E
22:Lousberg
802:KuLaDig
735:p. 125.
570:During
551:baroque
398:Prussia
389:obelisk
343:C dates
330:History
270:Orsbach
194:). The
177:Limburg
113:Germany
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921:
891:
872:
843:
753:
658:Legend
574:, the
485:pagoda
377:Wall.
352:Minden
266:Vijlen
173:Aachen
138:lousen
130:forest
126:Aachen
105:Aachen
683:devil
674:way.
522:Soers
518:MĂĽsch
363:Roman
316:Soers
288:flint
243:Vaals
938:ISBN
919:ISBN
889:ISBN
870:ISBN
841:ISSN
832:In:
751:ISBN
585:The
268:and
132:and
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