86:
61:
42:
307:
During the early 1990s there were only a few hundred individuals remaining. Conservation measures implemented by the
Forestry Department on Pemba include an education campaign, the establishment of wildlife clubs to protect nearby roosts, and continuous monitoring of the population. Also, the hunting
258:
The Pemba flying fox has a wingspan of 1.6 metres (5 ft 3 in) and is one of the largest species of fruit bat. It has a fox-like face, tawny fur, orange underparts and black ears, nose and wings. The adult weight is 400 to 650 g (0.9 to 1.4 lb), and the head and body length is 24.0
283:
Colonies of the Pemba flying fox roost during the day in large trees, emerging at dusk to forage for fruit such as figs, mangoes and breadfruit. They also eat leaves, flowers, pollen and nectar. Seeds that they swallow pass through their guts and are dispersed to other locations. Young seem to be
271:, an island about 50 kilometres (31 mi) off the coast of Tanzania. Roosts occur in large trees in both primary and secondary forest, among mangroves, and in traditional graveyards. In the latter the bats are often safe and undisturbed as people seldom visit these places because of
207:
312:
is producing extra revenue for the island. With these measures in place, the number of bats has increased and by 2007 there were estimated to be about 20,000. The population appears to have continued to increase, with numbers nearing 29,000 in 2011.
466:
Bergmans, W. 1990. Taxonomy and biogeography of
African fruit bats (Mammalia, Megachiroptera). 3. The genera Scotonycteris Matschie, 1894, Casinycteris Thomas, 1910, Pteropus Brisson, 1762, and Eidolon Rafinesque, 1815. Beaufortia 40:
479:
Simmons, N.B. 2005. Order
Chiroptera, pp. 312–529. In Wilson, D. E., and D. M. Reeder, eds., Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd edition. Johns Hopkins University Press,
3457:
3522:
300:. Its range is limited to the island of Pemba off the coast of Tanzania and it is traditionally hunted for food. This hunting became unsustainable when
3589:
3431:
3076:
473:
Kingdon, J. 1997. The
Kingdon field guide to African mammals, AP Natural World Academic Press, Harcourt Brace & Company, San Diego, p. 113.
470:
Kingdon, J. 1984. East
African mammals: An atlas of evolution in Africa. (Insectivores and Bats). University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2A:140-144.
3470:
3187:
3052:
3043:
517:
308:
of these bats with shotguns is now banned on most of the island. The local population has been involved in conservation measures and bat-based
2969:
405:
3624:
1381:
1372:
434:
2901:
1426:
3619:
3609:
2987:
2937:
1471:
979:
615:
2919:
1390:
3178:
3496:
2978:
2883:
2874:
2407:
1399:
997:
651:
2584:
1781:
1480:
1444:
1417:
714:
669:
3514:
2910:
2575:
1462:
1453:
765:
3475:
2130:
1981:
1945:
1832:
1435:
1137:
988:
642:
476:
Nowak, R. M. 1999. Walker's
Mammals of the World. Sixth ed. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1:258-260, 264–271.
3604:
2892:
2865:
1954:
1071:
943:
696:
687:
3233:
3509:
3279:
1541:
1408:
756:
678:
660:
624:
1038:
387:
3527:
2928:
2479:
2211:
2076:
1604:
1029:
732:
633:
510:
3196:
2744:
1663:
85:
2533:
2283:
1972:
1963:
1873:
1504:
1146:
1128:
880:
856:
3397:
2488:
2193:
2157:
1095:
952:
3383:
3599:
3270:
2380:
2112:
2040:
1921:
1897:
1823:
1713:
1622:
1613:
1571:
1259:
1226:
3345:
2717:
2712:
2389:
2292:
2175:
2067:
1580:
1235:
911:
890:
723:
3614:
2461:
2443:
2103:
1704:
1654:
1293:
705:
503:
180:
3312:
1340:
961:
3418:
3288:
2789:
2771:
2470:
2434:
2319:
2247:
2238:
2013:
1864:
2798:
2660:
2506:
2416:
2301:
2085:
1763:
361:
50:
490:
2735:
2642:
2497:
2425:
2356:
2229:
2139:
2049:
2022:
1695:
1119:
304:
began to be used. Another threat to the bats is the ongoing destruction of their forest habitat.
297:
80:
65:
3462:
3594:
3548:
3405:
3146:
3137:
3011:
2726:
2515:
2371:
2346:
2328:
2274:
2265:
2256:
2220:
2121:
2094:
1790:
1772:
1318:
598:
442:
411:
401:
3553:
3113:
2753:
2699:
2551:
2524:
2452:
2398:
2362:
2310:
2184:
2148:
2031:
1799:
970:
823:
395:
356:
3488:
3535:
2762:
2651:
2337:
2166:
1847:
1513:
1495:
1283:
1194:
1170:
1047:
832:
243:
495:
3251:
2202:
2058:
563:
206:
3583:
3483:
3303:
3128:
3104:
3026:
2826:
2784:
1062:
871:
747:
391:
383:
347:
338:
196:
70:
3410:
3261:
3094:
3067:
3002:
2838:
2566:
1741:
1678:
1595:
1554:
847:
793:
585:
268:
235:
17:
3566:
3501:
3444:
3377:
3161:
2848:
2612:
1209:
1161:
1012:
41:
3368:
2625:
1936:
1814:
1637:
1274:
926:
569:
309:
231:
3214:
2675:
1912:
1331:
1250:
1185:
1110:
806:
415:
97:
284:
born between June and August and become independent several months later.
3540:
3362:
3224:
1996:
1888:
1754:
1355:
1086:
902:
557:
551:
545:
539:
247:
239:
157:
117:
3436:
2952:
527:
301:
147:
3449:
3392:
2694:
127:
107:
3339:
3561:
272:
397:
Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
293:
3423:
3343:
2823:
2609:
1738:
1538:
1315:
790:
582:
499:
332:
330:
328:
326:
137:
400:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 346.
3352:
3301:
3259:
3250:
3222:
3213:
3159:
3126:
3102:
3093:
3065:
3024:
3000:
2950:
2846:
2837:
2673:
2623:
2564:
1994:
1934:
1910:
1886:
1845:
1812:
1752:
1676:
1635:
1593:
1552:
1493:
1353:
1329:
1272:
1248:
1207:
1183:
1159:
1108:
1084:
1060:
1010:
924:
900:
869:
845:
804:
745:
596:
275:. There may be up to 850 bats at a single roost.
362:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T18768A22089205.en
511:
8:
3340:
3256:
3219:
3099:
2843:
2834:
2820:
2620:
2606:
1749:
1735:
1549:
1535:
1326:
1312:
801:
787:
593:
579:
518:
504:
496:
205:
59:
40:
31:
360:
3188:East African little collared fruit bat (
429:
427:
425:
3077:Veldkamp's dwarf epauletted fruit bat (
322:
259:to 26.5 cm (9.4 to 10.4 in).
3044:Hayman's dwarf epauletted fruit bat (
2902:Lesser Angolan epauletted fruit bat (
7:
3053:Peters' dwarf epauletted fruit bat (
2970:Buettikofer's epauletted fruit bat (
1472:New Britain naked-backed fruit bat (
980:Nusatenggara short-nosed fruit bat (
616:Broad-striped tube-nosed fruit bat (
267:The Pemba flying fox occurs only on
2920:East African epauletted fruit bat (
1391:Philippine naked-backed fruit bat (
1382:Beaufort's naked-backed fruit bat (
1373:Andersen's naked-backed fruit bat (
348:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2408:Little golden-mantled flying fox (
1427:Solomon's naked-backed fruit bat (
1400:Halmahera naked-backed fruit bat (
998:Indonesian short-nosed fruit bat (
652:Round-eared tube-nosed fruit bat (
337:Entwistle, A.C.; Juma, J. (2016).
25:
2988:Franquet's epauletted fruit bat (
2938:Wahlberg's epauletted fruit bat (
2585:Sulawesi stripe-faced fruit bat (
1782:Giant golden-crowned flying fox (
1481:Greenish naked-backed fruit bat (
1445:Moluccan naked-backed fruit bat (
1418:Sulawesi naked-backed fruit bat (
715:Philippine tube-nosed fruit bat (
3590:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
2911:Ethiopian epauletted fruit bat (
2576:Mindoro stripe-faced fruit bat (
1463:Western naked-backed fruit bat (
1454:Panniet naked-backed fruit bat (
766:Steadfast tube-nosed fruit bat (
84:
2884:Peters's epauletted fruit bat (
2875:Ansell's epauletted fruit bat (
2131:New Ireland masked flying fox (
1982:New Georgian monkey-faced Bat (
1946:Bougainville monkey-faced Bat (
1833:Small white-winged flying fox (
1436:Lesser naked-backed fruit bat (
989:Greater short-nosed fruit bat (
643:Mountain tube-nosed fruit bat (
2893:Gambian epauletted fruit bat (
2866:Angolan epauletted fruit bat (
1955:Guadalcanal monkey-faced Bat (
944:Lesser short-nosed fruit bat (
697:Demonic tube-nosed fruit bat (
688:Malaita tube-nosed fruit bat (
670:Keast's tube-nosed fruit bat (
1:
3179:São Tomé collared fruit bat (
1409:Biak naked-backed fruit bat (
757:Lesser tube-nosed fruit bat (
679:Island tube-nosed fruit bat (
661:Dragon tube-nosed fruit bat (
625:Common tube-nosed fruit bat (
3169:(Little collared fruit bats)
2929:Minor epauletted fruit bat (
2480:Philippine gray flying fox (
2077:Bismarck masked flying fox (
1138:Ratanaworabhan's fruit bat (
733:Umboi tube-nosed fruit bat (
3625:Taxa named by Paul Matschie
3197:Little collared fruit bat (
1855:(Straw-coloured fruit bats)
1664:New Caledonia blossom bat (
1072:Fischer's pygmy fruit bat (
3641:
2534:New Caledonia flying fox (
2284:Black-bearded flying fox (
1973:Montane monkey-faced Bat (
1964:Greater monkey-faced Bat (
1874:Straw-coloured fruit bat (
1505:Sulawesi harpy fruit bat (
1147:White-collared fruit bat (
1129:Javan tailless fruit bat (
1039:Rickart's dyak fruit bat (
881:Spotted-winged fruit bat (
857:Mindanao pygmy fruit bat (
3620:Mammals described in 1909
3610:Endemic fauna of Tanzania
3271:Short-palated fruit bat (
2833:
2819:
2619:
2605:
2381:Geelvink Bay flying fox (
2212:Livingstone's fruit bat (
2113:Large Samoan flying fox (
2041:Small Samoan flying fox (
1922:Small-toothed fruit bat (
1898:Fijian monkey-faced Bat (
1824:White-winged flying fox (
1748:
1734:
1714:Moss-forest blossom bat (
1614:Black-bellied fruit bat (
1605:Fardoulis's blossom bat (
1572:Long-tongued nectar bat (
1562:(Long-tongued fruit bats)
1548:
1534:
1325:
1311:
1227:Greater musky fruit bat (
1030:Brooks's dyak fruit bat (
800:
786:
634:Pallas's tube-nosed bat (
592:
578:
534:
526:Extant species of family
296:lists this bat as being "
213:
204:
186:
179:
81:Scientific classification
79:
57:
48:
39:
34:
3234:D'Anchieta's fruit bat (
2745:Leschenault's rousette (
2390:Grey-headed flying fox (
2293:Black-eared flying fox (
2176:Ontong Java flying fox (
2068:Ashy-headed flying fox (
1645:(Long-tailed fruit bats)
1581:Long-tongued fruit bat (
1363:(Bare-backed fruit bats)
1236:Lesser musky fruit bat (
912:Black-capped fruit bat (
724:Eastern tube-nosed Bat (
441:. ARKive. Archived from
263:Distribution and habitat
3280:Campo-Ma’an fruit bat (
2489:Temminck's flying fox (
2462:Little red flying fox (
2444:Madagascan flying fox (
2194:Andersen's flying fox (
2158:Gilliard's flying fox (
2104:Spectacled flying fox (
1705:Halmahera blossom bat (
1655:Long-tailed fruit bat (
1096:Salim Ali's fruit bat (
953:Horsfield's fruit bat (
706:Lesser tube-nosed bat (
606:(tube-nosed fruit bats)
214:Pemba flying fox range
3034:(Dwarf epauleted bats)
2856:(Epauleted fruit bats)
2790:Long-haired rousette (
2772:Bare-backed rousette (
2471:Seychelles fruit bat (
2435:Rodrigues flying fox (
2320:Mauritian flying fox (
2248:Big-eared flying fox (
2014:Admiralty flying fox (
1865:Madagascan fruit bat (
1623:Woodford's fruit bat (
1260:Blanford's fruit bat (
934:(Dog-faced fruit bats)
891:Balionycteris seimundi
394:; Reeder, D.M (eds.).
2799:Madagascan rousette (
2718:Geoffroy's rousette (
2683:(rousette fruit bats)
2661:Philippine dawn bat (
2507:Vanikoro flying fox (
2417:Solomons flying fox (
2302:Caroline flying fox (
2086:Moluccan flying fox (
1764:Sulawesi flying fox (
355:: e.T18768A22089205.
3313:Zenker's fruit bat (
2979:Dobson's fruit bat (
2643:Greater nectar bat (
2498:Insular flying fox (
2426:Rennell flying fox (
2230:Okinawa flying fox (
2140:Nicobar flying fox (
2050:Vanuatu flying fox (
2023:Aldabra flying fox (
1696:Common blossom bat (
1341:Bulmer's fruit bat (
1120:Tailless fruit bat (
962:Peters's fruit bat (
3605:Mammals of Tanzania
3398:pteropus-voeltzkowi
3384:Pteropus voeltzkowi
3354:Pteropus voeltzkowi
3289:Pohle's fruit bat (
3138:Azagnyi fruit bat (
3012:Hammer-headed Bat (
2801:R. madagascariensis
2736:Egyptian rousette (
2727:Sulawesi rousette (
2516:Kosrae flying fox (
2372:Masked flying fox (
2347:Ornate flying fox (
2329:Temotu flying fox (
2275:Indian flying fox (
2266:Mariana fruit bat (
2257:Lesser flying fox (
2239:Lyle's flying fox (
2221:Lombok flying fox (
2122:Ryukyu flying fox (
2095:Makira flying fox (
1835:D. microleucopterus
1791:Palawan fruit bat (
1773:Talaud flying fox (
491:Flying Fox Overhead
437:Pteropus voeltzkowi
435:"Pemba flying fox (
341:Pteropus voeltzkowi
227:Pteropus voeltzkowi
190:Pteropus voeltzkowi
51:Conservation status
18:Pteropus voeltzkowi
3114:Angolan rousette (
2754:Linduan Rousette (
2720:R. amplexicaudatus
2700:Manado fruit bat (
2552:Dwarf flying fox (
2543:Pemba flying fox (
2525:Large flying fox (
2453:Samoa flying fox (
2399:Bonin flying fox (
2363:Pelew flying fox (
2311:Great flying fox (
2185:Small flying fox (
2149:Banks flying fox (
2032:Black flying fox (
1800:Sunda flying fox (
1217:(Musky fruit bats)
1020:(Dayak fruit bats)
971:Minute fruit bat (
824:Borneo fruit bat (
814:(Pygmy fruit bats)
388:"Order Chiroptera"
230:) is a species of
172:P. voeltzkowi
3577:
3576:
3549:Open Tree of Life
3346:Taxon identifiers
3337:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3282:C. campomaanensis
3246:
3245:
3209:
3208:
3172:
3089:
3088:
3037:
2963:
2859:
2815:
2814:
2811:
2810:
2763:Comoro rousette (
2686:
2652:Cave nectar bat (
2636:
2633:(Dawn fruit bats)
2601:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2338:Ceram fruit bat (
2167:Gray flying fox (
2106:P. conspicillatus
2007:
1858:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1689:
1648:
1565:
1530:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1514:Harpy fruit bat (
1366:
1319:Harpyionycterinae
1307:
1306:
1303:
1302:
1284:Swift fruit bat (
1220:
1195:Dusky fruit bat (
1173:O. cartilagonodus
1171:Luzon fruit bat (
1048:Dayak fruit bat (
1023:
1000:C. titthaecheilus
937:
914:C. melanocephalus
833:Pygmy fruit bat (
817:
782:
781:
778:
777:
609:
407:978-0-8018-8221-0
242:to the island of
218:
217:
74:
35:Pemba flying fox
16:(Redirected from
3632:
3570:
3569:
3557:
3556:
3544:
3543:
3531:
3530:
3518:
3517:
3505:
3504:
3492:
3491:
3479:
3478:
3466:
3465:
3453:
3452:
3440:
3439:
3427:
3426:
3414:
3413:
3401:
3400:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3341:
3257:
3220:
3181:M. brachycephala
3171:
3170:
3166:
3147:Woermann's bat (
3100:
3036:
3035:
3031:
2962:
2961:
2960:(Epauleted bats)
2957:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2844:
2835:
2821:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2635:
2634:
2630:
2621:
2607:
2473:P. seychellensis
2392:P. poliocephalus
2313:P. neohibernicus
2203:Kei flying fox (
2088:P. chrysoproctus
2059:Aru flying fox (
2016:P. admiralitatum
2006:
2005:
2001:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1750:
1736:
1688:
1687:
1683:
1666:N. neocaledonica
1647:
1646:
1642:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1550:
1536:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1327:
1313:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1022:
1021:
1017:
936:
935:
931:
816:
815:
811:
802:
788:
608:
607:
603:
594:
580:
520:
513:
506:
497:
454:
453:
451:
450:
431:
420:
419:
380:
374:
373:
371:
369:
364:
334:
246:on the coast of
222:Pemba flying fox
209:
192:
89:
88:
68:
63:
62:
44:
32:
21:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3629:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3573:
3565:
3560:
3552:
3547:
3539:
3536:Observation.org
3534:
3526:
3521:
3513:
3508:
3500:
3495:
3487:
3482:
3474:
3469:
3461:
3456:
3448:
3443:
3435:
3430:
3422:
3417:
3409:
3404:
3396:
3391:
3382:
3381:
3376:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3348:
3338:
3321:
3297:
3242:
3205:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3155:
3122:
3085:
3061:
3033:
3032:
3030:
3020:
2996:
2972:E. buettikoferi
2959:
2958:
2956:
2946:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2829:
2807:
2747:R. leschenaulti
2682:
2681:
2679:
2669:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2615:
2593:
2560:
2509:P. tuberculatus
2331:P. nitendiensis
2214:P. livingstonii
2160:P. gilliardorum
2003:
2002:
2000:
1990:
1930:
1906:
1882:
1854:
1853:
1851:
1841:
1808:
1744:
1722:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1672:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1631:
1589:
1561:
1560:
1558:
1544:
1522:
1496:Harpyionycteris
1489:
1456:D. pannietensis
1362:
1361:
1359:
1349:
1321:
1299:
1268:
1244:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1203:
1179:
1155:
1104:
1080:
1056:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1006:
982:C. nusatenggara
933:
932:
930:
920:
896:
865:
859:A. paucidentata
841:
813:
812:
810:
796:
774:
741:
605:
604:
602:
588:
574:
530:
524:
487:
463:
458:
457:
448:
446:
433:
432:
423:
408:
382:
381:
377:
367:
365:
336:
335:
324:
319:
290:
281:
265:
256:
200:
194:
188:
175:
83:
75:
64:
60:
53:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3638:
3636:
3628:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3600:Bats of Africa
3597:
3592:
3582:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3558:
3545:
3532:
3519:
3506:
3493:
3480:
3467:
3454:
3441:
3428:
3415:
3402:
3389:
3374:
3358:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3344:
3335:
3334:
3331:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3309:
3307:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3295:
3286:
3277:
3267:
3265:
3254:
3252:Scotonycterini
3248:
3247:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3230:
3228:
3217:
3211:
3210:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3194:
3185:
3175:
3173:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3144:
3134:
3132:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3120:
3110:
3108:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3083:
3073:
3071:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3050:
3046:M. intermedius
3040:
3038:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3018:
3008:
3006:
2998:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2985:
2976:
2966:
2964:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2944:
2935:
2926:
2917:
2908:
2899:
2890:
2881:
2872:
2862:
2860:
2841:
2831:
2830:
2824:
2817:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2796:
2779:
2778:
2769:
2760:
2751:
2742:
2738:R. aegyptiacus
2733:
2724:
2707:
2706:
2689:
2687:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2658:
2649:
2639:
2637:
2617:
2616:
2610:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2582:
2578:S. mindorensis
2572:
2570:
2562:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2549:
2540:
2531:
2522:
2513:
2504:
2495:
2486:
2477:
2468:
2459:
2450:
2441:
2437:P. rodricensis
2432:
2423:
2414:
2405:
2396:
2387:
2378:
2369:
2360:
2353:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2308:
2299:
2290:
2286:P. melanopogon
2281:
2272:
2263:
2254:
2245:
2236:
2232:P. loochoensis
2227:
2223:P. lombocensis
2218:
2209:
2200:
2196:P. intermedius
2191:
2187:P. hypomelanus
2182:
2173:
2164:
2155:
2146:
2137:
2128:
2119:
2110:
2101:
2092:
2083:
2079:P. capistratus
2074:
2065:
2056:
2047:
2038:
2029:
2025:P. aldabrensis
2020:
2010:
2008:
2004:(flying foxes)
1992:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1979:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1942:
1940:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1918:
1916:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1894:
1892:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1871:
1861:
1859:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1839:
1830:
1826:D. leucopterus
1820:
1818:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1806:
1797:
1788:
1779:
1770:
1760:
1758:
1746:
1745:
1739:
1732:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1711:
1702:
1692:
1690:
1686:(blossom bats)
1674:
1673:
1671:
1670:
1661:
1651:
1649:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1620:
1611:
1601:
1599:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1578:
1568:
1566:
1546:
1545:
1542:Macroglossinae
1539:
1532:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1511:
1501:
1499:
1491:
1490:
1488:
1487:
1478:
1469:
1460:
1451:
1447:D. moluccensis
1442:
1433:
1424:
1415:
1406:
1397:
1388:
1379:
1369:
1367:
1351:
1350:
1348:
1347:
1337:
1335:
1323:
1322:
1316:
1309:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1298:
1297:
1290:
1280:
1278:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1256:
1254:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1233:
1223:
1221:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1191:
1189:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1167:
1165:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1144:
1135:
1126:
1116:
1114:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1092:
1090:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1068:
1066:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1045:
1036:
1026:
1024:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1004:
995:
986:
977:
968:
964:C. luzoniensis
959:
955:C. horsfieldii
950:
940:
938:
922:
921:
919:
918:
908:
906:
898:
897:
895:
894:
887:
877:
875:
867:
866:
864:
863:
853:
851:
843:
842:
840:
839:
830:
820:
818:
798:
797:
791:
784:
783:
780:
779:
776:
775:
773:
772:
763:
753:
751:
743:
742:
740:
739:
730:
721:
712:
703:
694:
690:N. malaitensis
685:
676:
667:
658:
649:
640:
631:
622:
612:
610:
590:
589:
583:
576:
575:
573:
572:
566:
564:Laurasiatheria
560:
554:
548:
542:
535:
532:
531:
525:
523:
522:
515:
508:
500:
494:
493:
486:
485:External links
483:
482:
481:
477:
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421:
406:
375:
321:
320:
318:
315:
289:
286:
280:
277:
264:
261:
255:
252:
234:in the family
216:
215:
211:
210:
202:
201:
195:
184:
183:
177:
176:
169:
167:
163:
162:
155:
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100:
95:
91:
90:
77:
76:
58:
55:
54:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
27:Species of bat
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3637:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
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3588:
3587:
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3568:
3563:
3559:
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3533:
3529:
3524:
3520:
3516:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3446:
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3433:
3429:
3425:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3394:
3390:
3385:
3379:
3375:
3370:
3364:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3351:
3347:
3342:
3318:
3316:
3311:
3310:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3304:Scotonycteris
3300:
3294:
3292:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3269:
3268:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3249:
3239:
3237:
3232:
3231:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3202:
3200:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3186:
3184:
3182:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3164:
3163:
3158:
3152:
3150:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3130:
3129:Megaloglossus
3125:
3119:
3117:
3116:L. angolensis
3112:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3105:Lissonycteris
3101:
3098:
3096:
3092:
3082:
3080:
3079:N. veldkampii
3075:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3058:
3056:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3029:
3028:
3027:Micropteropus
3023:
3017:
3015:
3014:H. monstrosus
3010:
3009:
3007:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2993:
2991:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2943:
2941:
2936:
2934:
2932:
2927:
2925:
2923:
2918:
2916:
2914:
2909:
2907:
2905:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2873:
2871:
2869:
2868:E. angolensis
2864:
2863:
2861:
2851:
2850:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2827:Epomophorinae
2822:
2818:
2804:
2802:
2797:
2795:
2793:
2787:
2786:
2785:Stenonycteris
2781:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2774:R. spinalatus
2770:
2768:
2766:
2765:R. obliviosus
2761:
2759:
2757:
2756:R. linduensis
2752:
2750:
2748:
2743:
2741:
2739:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2729:R. celebensis
2725:
2723:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2690:
2688:
2678:
2677:
2672:
2666:
2664:
2659:
2657:
2655:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2628:
2627:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2608:
2604:
2590:
2588:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2557:
2555:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2545:P. voeltzkowi
2541:
2539:
2537:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2523:
2521:
2519:
2514:
2512:
2510:
2505:
2503:
2501:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2491:P. temminckii
2487:
2485:
2483:
2478:
2476:
2474:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2464:P. scapulatus
2460:
2458:
2456:
2451:
2449:
2447:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2379:
2377:
2375:
2374:P. personatus
2370:
2368:
2366:
2365:P. pelewensis
2361:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2304:P. molossinus
2300:
2298:
2296:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2183:
2181:
2179:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2124:P. dasymallus
2120:
2118:
2116:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2030:
2028:
2026:
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2017:
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2011:
2009:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1987:
1985:
1980:
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1971:
1969:
1967:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1927:
1925:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1903:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1879:
1877:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1863:
1862:
1860:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1838:
1836:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1805:
1803:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1766:A. celebensis
1762:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1751:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1733:
1719:
1717:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1681:
1680:
1675:
1669:
1667:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1657:N. macdonaldi
1653:
1652:
1650:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1628:
1626:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1607:M. fardoulisi
1603:
1602:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1586:
1584:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1547:
1543:
1537:
1533:
1519:
1517:
1516:H. whiteheadi
1512:
1510:
1508:
1507:H. celebensis
1503:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1486:
1484:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1474:D. praedatrix
1470:
1468:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1434:
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1398:
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1376:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1358:
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1352:
1346:
1344:
1339:
1338:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1310:
1296:
1295:
1294:T. suhaniahae
1291:
1289:
1287:
1286:T. nigrescens
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1265:
1263:
1258:
1257:
1255:
1253:
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1234:
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1230:
1225:
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1222:
1212:
1211:
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1198:
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1192:
1190:
1188:
1187:
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1163:
1158:
1152:
1150:
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1141:
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1125:
1123:
1118:
1117:
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1113:
1112:
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1093:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1077:
1075:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1065:
1064:
1063:Haplonycteris
1059:
1053:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1003:
1001:
996:
994:
992:
987:
985:
983:
978:
976:
974:
969:
967:
965:
960:
958:
956:
951:
949:
947:
946:C. brachyotis
942:
941:
939:
929:
928:
923:
917:
915:
910:
909:
907:
905:
904:
899:
893:
892:
888:
886:
884:
879:
878:
876:
874:
873:
872:Balionycteris
868:
862:
860:
855:
854:
852:
850:
849:
844:
838:
836:
831:
829:
827:
822:
821:
819:
809:
808:
803:
799:
795:
789:
785:
771:
769:
764:
762:
760:
755:
754:
752:
750:
749:
748:Paranyctimene
744:
738:
736:
731:
729:
727:
722:
720:
718:
713:
711:
709:
704:
702:
700:
695:
693:
691:
686:
684:
682:
677:
675:
673:
668:
666:
664:
663:N. draconilla
659:
657:
655:
650:
648:
646:
641:
639:
637:
636:N. cephalotes
632:
630:
628:
627:N. albiventer
623:
621:
619:
614:
613:
611:
601:
600:
595:
591:
587:
581:
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571:
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541:
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507:
502:
501:
498:
492:
489:
488:
484:
478:
475:
472:
469:
465:
464:
460:
445:on 2013-12-14
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384:Simmons, N.B.
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249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
228:
223:
212:
208:
203:
198:
193:
191:
185:
182:
181:Binomial name
178:
174:
173:
168:
165:
164:
161:
160:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
87:
82:
78:
72:
67:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3615:Pemba Island
3353:
3314:
3302:
3290:
3281:
3272:
3262:Casinycteris
3260:
3236:P. anchietae
3235:
3223:
3198:
3189:
3180:
3160:
3149:M. woermanni
3148:
3139:
3127:
3115:
3103:
3095:Myonycterini
3078:
3068:Nanonycteris
3066:
3054:
3045:
3025:
3013:
3003:Hypsignathus
3001:
2990:E. franqueti
2989:
2980:
2971:
2951:
2940:E. wahlbergi
2939:
2930:
2921:
2912:
2903:
2895:E. gambianus
2894:
2886:E. crypturus
2885:
2876:
2867:
2847:
2839:Epomophorini
2800:
2791:
2782:
2773:
2764:
2755:
2746:
2737:
2728:
2719:
2710:
2701:
2692:
2674:
2662:
2653:
2644:
2624:
2586:
2577:
2567:Styloctenium
2565:
2554:P. woodfordi
2553:
2544:
2542:
2535:
2526:
2517:
2508:
2499:
2490:
2482:P. speciosus
2481:
2472:
2463:
2455:P. samoensis
2454:
2445:
2436:
2427:
2418:
2409:
2401:P. pselaphon
2400:
2391:
2382:
2373:
2364:
2357:P. pelagicus
2355:
2348:
2339:
2330:
2321:
2312:
2303:
2295:P. melanotus
2294:
2285:
2276:
2268:P. mariannus
2267:
2259:P. mahaganus
2258:
2249:
2240:
2231:
2222:
2213:
2204:
2195:
2186:
2177:
2168:
2159:
2150:
2141:
2132:
2123:
2114:
2105:
2096:
2087:
2078:
2069:
2060:
2052:P. anetianus
2051:
2043:P. allenorum
2042:
2033:
2024:
2015:
1995:
1983:
1974:
1966:P. flanneryi
1965:
1956:
1947:
1935:
1923:
1911:
1900:M. acrodonta
1899:
1887:
1875:
1867:E. dupreanum
1866:
1846:
1834:
1825:
1813:
1801:
1792:
1783:
1774:
1765:
1753:
1742:Pteropodinae
1715:
1707:S. carolinae
1706:
1698:S. australis
1697:
1679:Syconycteris
1677:
1665:
1656:
1636:
1625:M. woodfordi
1624:
1615:
1606:
1596:Melonycteris
1594:
1582:
1573:
1555:Macroglossus
1553:
1515:
1506:
1494:
1482:
1473:
1464:
1455:
1446:
1437:
1428:
1419:
1410:
1402:D. crenulata
1401:
1392:
1384:D. beauforti
1383:
1375:D. anderseni
1374:
1354:
1342:
1330:
1292:
1285:
1273:
1262:S. blanfordi
1261:
1249:
1237:
1228:
1208:
1196:
1184:
1172:
1160:
1148:
1139:
1130:
1122:M. ecaudatus
1121:
1109:
1098:L. salimalii
1097:
1085:
1073:
1061:
1050:D. spadiceus
1049:
1040:
1031:
1011:
999:
990:
981:
972:
963:
954:
945:
925:
913:
901:
889:
882:
870:
858:
848:Alionycteris
846:
834:
825:
805:
794:Cynopterinae
767:
758:
746:
735:N. vizcaccia
734:
726:N. robinsoni
725:
716:
707:
698:
689:
680:
671:
662:
653:
644:
635:
626:
617:
597:
586:Nyctimeninae
562:Superorder:
556:Infraclass:
528:Pteropodidae
447:. Retrieved
443:the original
436:
396:
392:Wilson, D.E.
378:
366:. Retrieved
352:
346:
340:
306:
291:
282:
266:
257:
236:Pteropodidae
226:
225:
221:
219:
189:
187:
171:
170:
158:
148:Pteropodidae
29:
3445:iNaturalist
3378:Wikispecies
3291:C. ophiodon
3273:C. argynnis
3199:M. torquata
3162:Myonycteris
3055:M. pusillus
2913:E. labiatus
2849:Epomophorus
2613:Rousettinae
2587:S. wallacei
2527:P. vampyrus
2500:P. tonganus
2428:P. rennelli
2340:P. ocularis
2250:P. macrotis
2205:P. keyensis
2178:P. howensis
2151:P. fundatus
2142:P. faunulus
2097:P. cognatus
2070:P. caniceps
2061:P. aruensis
1815:Desmalopex
1802:A. mackloti
1793:A. leucotis
1616:M. melanops
1583:M. sobrinus
1393:D. chapmani
1343:A. bulmerae
1210:Ptenochirus
1162:Otopteropus
1149:M. wetmorei
1140:M. niphanae
1131:M. kusnotoi
1074:H. fischeri
1041:D. rickarti
1013:Dyacopterus
883:B. maculata
826:A. aequalis
654:N. cyclotis
368:14 November
254:Description
3584:Categories
3315:S. zenkeri
3190:M. relicta
3140:M. azagnyi
2981:E. dobsoni
2922:E. minimus
2904:E. grandis
2877:E. anselli
2825:Subfamily
2792:R. lanosus
2663:E. robusta
2654:E. spelaea
2626:Eonycteris
2611:Subfamily
2536:P. vetulus
2518:P. ualanus
2419:P. rayneri
2410:P. pumilus
2349:P. ornatus
2169:P. griseus
2133:P. ennisae
1975:P. pulchra
1937:Pteralopex
1784:A. jubatus
1775:A. humilis
1740:Subfamily
1638:Notopteris
1574:M. minimus
1540:Subfamily
1483:D. viridis
1465:D. peronii
1429:D. inermis
1420:D. exoleta
1317:Subfamily
1275:Thoopterus
1032:D. brooksi
973:C. minutus
927:Cynopterus
792:Subfamily
708:N. minutus
699:N. masalai
645:N. certans
584:Subfamily
570:Chiroptera
480:Baltimore.
449:2013-12-08
317:References
310:ecotourism
298:Vulnerable
232:flying fox
138:Chiroptera
66:Vulnerable
3215:Plerotini
2783:Subgenus
2713:Rousettus
2711:Subgenus
2702:R. bidens
2693:Subgenus
2676:Rousettus
2383:P. pohlei
2277:P. medius
2034:P. alecto
1957:P. atrata
1948:P. anceps
1924:N. frosti
1913:Neopteryx
1876:E. helvum
1716:S. hobbit
1411:D. emersa
1332:Aproteles
1251:Sphaerias
1229:P. jagori
1197:P. lucasi
1186:Penthetor
1111:Megaerops
991:C. sphinx
835:A. alecto
807:Aethalops
759:P. raptor
717:N. rabori
672:N. keasti
599:Nyctimene
538:Kingdom:
166:Species:
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
3595:Pteropus
3562:Species+
3515:13800390
3463:11166814
3369:Q1764849
3363:Wikidata
3225:Plerotes
2931:E. minor
2645:E. major
2446:P. rufus
2322:P. niger
2241:P. lylei
1997:Pteropus
1889:Mirimiri
1755:Acerodon
1438:D. minor
1356:Dobsonia
1238:P. minor
1087:Latidens
903:Chironax
768:P. tenax
681:N. major
618:N. aello
558:Eutheria
552:Mammalia
546:Chordata
544:Phylum:
540:Animalia
467:111–177.
416:62265494
386:(2005).
302:shotguns
248:Tanzania
238:. It is
197:Matschie
159:Pteropus
144:Family:
128:Mammalia
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
3554:1034137
3502:1004509
3437:5218675
2953:Epomops
2115:P. coxi
1984:P. taki
1848:Eidolon
568:Order:
550:Class:
461:Sources
279:Biology
240:endemic
154:Genus:
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
3528:589509
3476:631664
3424:327302
3393:ARKive
2695:Boneia
414:
404:
288:Status
273:taboos
199:, 1909
3541:87039
3489:18768
3458:IRMNG
3450:40901
3411:6WM5D
390:. In
269:Pemba
244:Pemba
3567:8190
3523:NCBI
3484:IUCN
3471:ITIS
3432:GBIF
412:OCLC
402:ISBN
370:2021
353:2016
294:IUCN
292:The
220:The
3510:MSW
3497:MDD
3419:EoL
3406:CoL
357:doi
3586::
3564::
3551::
3538::
3525::
3512::
3499::
3486::
3473::
3460::
3447::
3434::
3421::
3408::
3395::
3380::
3365::
2788::
2716::
2698::
439:)"
424:^
410:.
351:.
345:.
325:^
250:.
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3293:)
3284:)
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3238:)
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629:)
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519:e
512:t
505:v
452:.
418:.
372:.
359::
343:"
339:"
224:(
73:)
20:)
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