2052:
1957:
1874:
1790:
1693:
1622:
1551:
1480:
1409:
1337:
1234:
1136:
1020:
949:
866:
795:
724:
622:
550:
447:
391:
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2510:
2166:'s executive agencies. In 2004, the decisions around borrowing requirements and how local authorities use PWLB funds were devolved to local authorities. Local authorities must comply with the Pudential Framework, which comprises the legislation and statutory codes that govern local authority borrowing and investment. There are four statutory codes, which authorities must have regard to, including the CIPFA-produced Prudential Code and the
2134:, set out to reduce the dependence of local authorities on bank borrowing. The Public Works Loan Commissioners were asked to take steps to increase their share of lending and in a short time they revamped their lending facilities from being a provider of solely longer-term fixed rate funding which took up to ten days to advance to a wide range which included variable rate loans and one-year minimum periods.
145:
prescribed additional purposes for lending for the existing
Exchequer Bill Commissioners thus creating the continuous office of the Commissioners which has survived to present time. Over the subsequent 50 years a considerable number of public projects were financed by loans advanced by the Exchequer
2174:
Subsequently, new governance arrangements were proposed in a consultation led by HM Treasury in 2016 and the Public Works Loan
Commissioner role was formally abolished on 25 February 2020. Their statutory functions, roles and responsibilities transferred to HM Treasury. Day-to-day administration of
2142:
which suggested replacing the then-existing credit approval system for controlling capital expenditure with a prudential regime to determine affordability. This Green Paper was followed by a White Paper in 2001, which proposed a new prudential capital finance system. The framework for this proposal
2137:
Whilst the scope of the Public Works Loan
Commissioners, and the source of funding, changed over time, ultimately the Commissioners were still responsible for assessing whether to lend money and to assess such matters as the level of security that should be required. In 2000 the government issued a
1354:
An Act to grant money for the purpose of certain local loans out of the Local Loans Fund; to make provision as to the Public Works Loan
Commissioners' entering into undertakings to grant loans; and to repeal the provisions of section ninety-two of the Housing Act, 1936, and of section seventy-three
2126:
re-organised the accounting arrangements and, since then, monies for local loans are provided by section 3 of the
National Loans Act 1968 and drawn from the National Loans Fund (NLF). Certain obsolete or duplicated lending powers of the Public Works Loan Commissioners were repealed in the 1968 Act
1075:
which created the Public Works Loan
Commissioners and replaced the Exchequer Bill Commissioners. The purpose of the Public Works Loan Commissioners was different from that of the Exchequer Bills Commission and the Exchequer Loan Commissioners as it was not focused on relieving commercial distress,
1107:
Towards the end of the Second World War, the
Treasury issued a memorandum to local authorities which referred to the heavy demands on the money market that would be made after the end of the hostilities. It was proposed that local authorities should borrow for their capital development programmes
1807:
An Act to make further provision with respect to loans out of the Local Loans Fund, with respect to temporary borrowing by local authorities in
Scotland and with respect to the re-borrowing powers of public authorities; to authorise an increase in the loans which may be made to the Government of
1153:
An Act to grant money for the purpose of certain local loans out of the Local Loans Fund and for other purposes relating to local loans, and to enable the functions of the secretary of the Public Works Loan
Commissioners to be performed, in the event of his inability to act, by an assistant
2170:
to ensure they are borrowing prudently. Following this reform, the role of
Commissioners was merely ceremonial and existed so that government lending complied with the statute. Lending was managed within a policy framework set by HM Treasury and loans were processed through the DMO.
1108:
through the government who would themselves raise money as part of their general borrowing programme. The rates of interest on loans to local authorities would be determined by the government’s own credit and the advances would be made by the Public Works Loan Commissioners.
1080:, became the prime statutory basis for the constitution, duties and operations of the Public Works Loan Commissioners. The Public Works Loans Act 1875 introduced a requirement that the Public Works Loan Commissioners make an annual report to Parliament.
1099:
By the end of the First World War the foundations of the present local government structure were firmly in place and substantial funding was required for extensive development programmes of local authorities, particularly for housing and
567:
An Act to grant Money for the purpose of Loans by the Public Works Loan Commissioners and the Commissioners of Public Works in Ireland and the Irish Land Commission; and to amend the Acts relating to the said Commissioners, and for other
312:
An Act to appoint Public Works Loan Commissioners; to grant Money for the purpose of Loans by the Public Works Loan Commissioners and the Commissioners of Public Works in Ireland; and for other purposes relating to Loans by those
2127:
and the remainder consolidated. The Treasury’s power to fix the interest rates on loans made by the Public Works Loan Commissioners was re-enacted in terms corresponding with those prescribed for other loans made out of the NLF.
1083:
In 1887 the method of funding lending by the Public Works Loan Commissioners was changed as it had become increasingly difficult to estimate the amount of loan applications. A Local Loans Fund was created pursuant to the
2119:, noting the increased reliance of local authorities on temporary borrowing, proposed greater access to funding from the Public Works Loan Commissioners in return for a limitation on temporary debt under a quota system.
120:
Originally known as Exchequer Loan Commissioners, the Public Works Loan Commissioners were first appointed as an ad-hoc body in 1793 to alleviate commercial distress resulting from the trade recession which followed the
1251:
An Act to make further provision as to the appointment of the Public Works Loan Commissioners, to grant money for the purpose of certain local loans out of the Local Loans Fund and for other purposes relating to local
464:
An Act to grant Money for the purpose of Loans by the Public Works Loan Commissioners and the Commissioners of Public Works in Ireland and the Irish Land Commission; and for other purposes relating to Loans by those
140:
or gratuity whatever" and their task was to consider applications in respect of any works of a public nature which might aid employment. In subsequent years, instead of appointing further bodies of Commissioners,
408:
An Act to grant Money for the purpose of Loans by the Public Works Loan Commissioners and the Commissioners of Public Works in Ireland; and for other purposes relating to Loans by those Commissioners.
2079:
1984:
1901:
1818:
2167:
2152:
1092:, funds raised under the National Debt and Local Loans Stock Act 1887 were used to fund lending by the Public Works Loan Commissioners. In 1897 the responsibility for fixing the
2873:
2714:
1088:, which was financed by the issue of Local Loans Stock, borrowings on the security of bonds, temporary borrowing and repayments of loans made. Pursuant to the terms of the
2868:
1295:
2454:
2878:
1104:; in 1921-22 nearly £49 million was lent for housing alone. By 1939 total lending by the Public Works Loan Commissioners had reached almost £600 million.
2709:
2612:
2527:
2406:
2159:
44:
2581:
2074:
1979:
1896:
1813:
1715:
1644:
1573:
1502:
1431:
1360:
1257:
1159:
1042:
971:
888:
817:
746:
644:
573:
470:
413:
318:
220:
96:
2768:
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but rather on providing funding to specific bodies for certain categories of expenditure. The Public Works Loans Act 1875, together with the
2643:
1710:
An Act to grant money for the purpose of certain local loans out of the Local Loans Fund, and for other purposes relating to local loans.
1639:
An Act to grant money for the purpose of certain local loans out of the Local Loans Fund, and for other purposes relating to local loans.
1568:
An Act to grant money for the purpose of certain local loans out of the Local Loans Fund, and for other purposes relating to local loans.
1497:
An Act to grant money for the purpose of certain local loans out of the Local Loans Fund, and for other purposes relating to local loans.
1037:
An Act to grant money for the purpose of certain local loans out of the Local Loans Fund, and for other purposes relating to local loans.
966:
An Act to grant Money for the purpose of certain Local Loans out of the Local Loans Fund, and for other purposes relating to Local Loans.
883:
An Act to grant Money for the purpose of certain Local Loans out of the Local Loans Fund, and for other purposes relating to Local Loans.
812:
An Act to grant Money for the purpose of certain Local Loans out of the Local Loans Fund, and for other purposes relating to Local Loans.
741:
An Act to grant Money for the purpose of certain Local Loans out of the Local Loans Fund, and for other purposes relating to Local Loans.
2668:
2649:
2637:
2623:
1426:
An Act to grant money for the purpose of certain local loans out of the Local Loans Fund and for other purposes relating to local loans.
2726:
2686:
2628:
1085:
2747:
2721:
2691:
2056:
1961:
1878:
1794:
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1626:
1555:
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870:
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395:
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202:
142:
88:
2607:
2355:
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682:
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129:
111:
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356:
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2500:
2249:
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2783:
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122:
2286:
2237:
1891:
An Act to make further provision with respect to loans out of the Local Loans Fund; and for connected purposes.
115:
2315:
Webster, Ian (2017). "The Public Works Loan Board and the growth of the state in nineteenth-century England".
2123:
2017:
1077:
639:
An Act to grant money for the purpose of certain Local Loans; and for other purposes relating to Local Loans.
2514:
2509:
2291:
1096:
provided by the Public Works Loan Commissioners became vested in the Treasury, as is still the case today.
2788:
2064:
1969:
1886:
1802:
1705:
1634:
1563:
1492:
1421:
1349:
1246:
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1924:
1841:
1757:
1201:
916:
696:
522:
262:
255:
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2207:
2148:
2147:. The framework provided by the Local Government Act 2003 was supplemented and developed through the
1309:
1750:
1194:
2188:
39:. In 2020, the PWLB was abolished as a statutory organisation, and its functions were allocated to
2773:
2473:
2432:
2332:
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1928:
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1205:
920:
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323:
225:
155:
101:
2131:
1355:
of the Housing (Scotland) Act, 1925, as to the minimum rate of interest therein mentioned.
133:
35:) was a statutory body of the UK Government that provided loans to public bodies from the
1974:
An Act to grant money for the purpose of certain local loans out of the Local Loans Fund.
1164:
1047:
893:
2224:
2218:
2201:
1093:
167:
151:
28:
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2632:
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147:
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2069:
An Act to make further provision with respect to loans out of the Local Loans Fund.
1997:
1914:
1831:
1733:
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1378:
1296:
Repealed by Public Bodies (Abolition of Public Works Loan Commissioners) Order 2020
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906:
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215:
An Act to consolidate with Amendments the Acts relating to Loans for Public Works.
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2297:
2163:
2139:
2116:
40:
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2809:
2778:
2155:(CIFPA). This formed the governance framework for the PWLB lending from 2004.
2469:"The Public Bodies (Abolition of Public Works Loan Commissioners) Order 2020"
2105:
as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from
1927:
as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from
1844:
as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from
1760:
as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from
1204:
as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from
919:
as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from
265:
as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from
2455:"Strengthened local government Prudential Code to be published | CIPFA"
137:
2835:
822:
2301:
2328:
2296:
other authorities in England, Wales or Scotland having power to levy
2012:
1290:
677:
503:
351:
146:
Bill Commissioners, including, in 1826, £400,000 for improvements to
2603:
Chancellor of the Exchequer / Second Lord of the Treasury
2513: This article incorporates text published under the British
2544:
128:
In 1817 another single purpose body of commissioners, known as
2540:
2183:
The PWLB provides loans to local authorities of all types in
2175:
PWLB loans continues via the DMO on HM Treasury’s behalf.
158:. In 1832, £250,000 was used for the construction of the
2520:"PWLB lending facility - History of Public Works Loans"
2399:"PWLB lending facility - History of Public Works Loans"
2168:
Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government
2153:
Chartered Institute of Public Finance and Accountancy
2715:
Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt
2797:
2756:
2735:
2700:
2677:
2659:
2588:
2158:Since July 2002 it has been managed as part of the
2101:
2091:
2086:
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2037:
2023:
2011:
2006:
1996:
1991:
1978:
1968:
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1775:
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183:
95:
69:
132:, were appointed to provide relief following the
166:and, in 1846, £200,000 for the establishment of
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1808:Northern Ireland; and for connected purposes.
8:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2377:
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1086:National Debt and Local Loans Stock Act 1887
47:. The members of the PWLB were known as the
2874:Defunct public bodies of the United Kingdom
2563:
2549:
2541:
2130:In 1982 the government, in support of its
2034:
1939:
1856:
1772:
1675:
1604:
1533:
1462:
1391:
1319:
1216:
1118:
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777:
706:
604:
532:
429:
373:
277:
180:
136:. They were to receive "no fee, reward or
66:
2869:Organisations based in the City of London
43:, where they are discharged through the
2838:nominally associated with the Treasury
2613:Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury
2367:
2103:Text of the Public Works Loans Act 1967
1925:Text of the Public Works Loans Act 1965
1842:Text of the Public Works Loans Act 1964
1758:Text of the Public Works Loans Act 1952
1202:Text of the Public Works Loans Act 1944
917:Text of the Public Works Loans Act 1911
263:Text of the Public Works Loans Act 1875
2769:Infrastructure and Projects Authority
2270:integrated transport authorities and
1751:Text of statute as originally enacted
1310:Text of statute as originally enacted
1195:Text of statute as originally enacted
697:Text of statute as originally enacted
523:Text of statute as originally enacted
60:Exchequer Loan and Bill Commissioners
16:Distributed loans to UK public bodies
7:
2879:1793 establishments in Great Britain
2644:Commercial Secretary to the Treasury
2669:Permanent Secretary to the Treasury
2650:Lords Commissioners of the Treasury
2638:Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury
2624:Financial Secretary to the Treasury
1324:Public Works Loans (No. 2) Act 1946
33:Bwrdd Benthyciadau Gwaith Cyhoeddus
2727:National Infrastructure Commission
2629:Economic Secretary to the Treasury
2245:local government areas in Scotland
256:Revised text of statute as amended
14:
2515:Open Government Licence
2748:Office for Budget Responsibility
2722:Government Internal Audit Agency
2692:National Savings and Investments
2508:
2057:Parliament of the United Kingdom
2050:
1962:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1955:
1879:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1872:
1795:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1788:
1698:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1691:
1627:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1620:
1556:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1549:
1485:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1478:
1414:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1407:
1342:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1335:
1239:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1232:
1141:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1134:
1071:The next major landmark was the
1025:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1018:
954:Parliament of the United Kingdom
947:
871:Parliament of the United Kingdom
864:
800:Parliament of the United Kingdom
793:
729:Parliament of the United Kingdom
722:
627:Parliament of the United Kingdom
620:
555:Parliament of the United Kingdom
548:
452:Parliament of the United Kingdom
445:
396:Parliament of the United Kingdom
389:
300:Parliament of the United Kingdom
293:
203:Parliament of the United Kingdom
196:
154:which involved the formation of
89:Parliament of the United Kingdom
82:
2687:Government Actuary's Department
2608:Chief Secretary to the Treasury
2356:Local Government Funding Agency
174:Public Works Loan Commissioners
49:Public Works Loan Commissioners
2351:Exchequer Bill Loan Commission
2272:passenger transport executives
2260:Council of the Isles of Scilly
683:Statute Law (Repeals) Act 2004
509:Statute Law (Repeals) Act 2004
112:Exchequer Bill Loan Commission
1:
2428:"Public Works Loans Act 1875"
357:Statute Law Revision Act 1898
130:Exchequer Bill Commissioners
2679:Non-ministerial departments
2282:fire and rescue authorities
2039:Public Works Loans Act 1967
1944:Public Works Loans Act 1966
1861:Public Works Loans Act 1965
1777:Public Works Loans Act 1964
1680:Public Works Loans Act 1952
1609:Public Works Loans Act 1950
1538:Public Works Loans Act 1949
1467:Public Works Loans Act 1948
1396:Public Works Loans Act 1947
1221:Public Works Loans Act 1946
1123:Public Works Loans Act 1944
1090:Public Works Loans Act 1887
1073:Public Works Loans Act 1875
1007:Public Works Loans Act 1941
936:Public Works Loans Act 1919
853:Public Works Loans Act 1911
782:Public Works Loans Act 1909
711:Public Works Loans Act 1900
609:Public Works Loans Act 1887
537:Public Works Loans Act 1883
434:Public Works Loans Act 1882
378:Public Works Loans Act 1881
282:Public Works Loans Act 1880
185:Public Works Loans Act 1875
2895:
2598:First Lord of the Treasury
2287:waste disposal authorities
2232:City of London Corporation
2032:United Kingdom legislation
1937:United Kingdom legislation
1854:United Kingdom legislation
1770:United Kingdom legislation
1673:United Kingdom legislation
1602:United Kingdom legislation
1531:United Kingdom legislation
1460:United Kingdom legislation
1389:United Kingdom legislation
1317:United Kingdom legislation
1214:United Kingdom legislation
1116:United Kingdom legislation
1000:United Kingdom legislation
929:United Kingdom legislation
846:United Kingdom legislation
775:United Kingdom legislation
704:United Kingdom legislation
602:United Kingdom legislation
530:United Kingdom legislation
427:United Kingdom legislation
371:United Kingdom legislation
275:United Kingdom legislation
178:United Kingdom legislation
109:
71:Public Works Loan Act 1853
64:United Kingdom legislation
2823:
2784:UK Government Investments
2578:
2528:UK Debt Management Office
2407:UK Debt Management Office
2240:and its functional bodies
2160:UK Debt Management Office
2151:, which was published by
2145:Local Government Act 2003
2049:
2044:
1954:
1949:
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1866:
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542:
444:
439:
388:
383:
292:
287:
195:
190:
123:French Revolutionary Wars
81:
76:
45:UK Debt Management Office
2830:are not currently in use
2238:Greater London Authority
116:Poor Employment Act 1817
2317:Economic History Review
2292:port health authorities
2124:National Loans Act 1968
2018:National Loans Act 1968
1078:National Loans Act 1968
21:Public Works Loan Board
2789:UK Infrastructure Bank
2710:Debt Management Office
2143:was introduced in the
2115:In 1963, a government
1579:12, 13 & 14 Geo. 6
32:
2582:1, Horse Guards Road
2842:held by Government
2212:unitary authorities
37:National Loans Fund
2702:Executive agencies
2474:Legislation.gov.uk
2433:Legislation.gov.uk
2277:police authorities
2254:community councils
2200:English and Welsh
2107:legislation.gov.uk
1929:legislation.gov.uk
1846:legislation.gov.uk
1762:legislation.gov.uk
1650:14 & 15 Geo. 6
1508:11 & 12 Geo. 6
1437:11 & 12 Geo. 6
1206:legislation.gov.uk
921:legislation.gov.uk
267:legislation.gov.uk
160:Rotherhithe Tunnel
2851:
2850:
2846:
2831:
2619:Paymaster General
2329:10.1111/ehr.12609
2208:district councils
2113:
2112:
2045:Act of Parliament
2030:
2029:
2007:Other legislation
1950:Act of Parliament
1935:
1934:
1867:Act of Parliament
1852:
1851:
1783:Act of Parliament
1768:
1767:
1721:1 & 2 Eliz. 2
1686:Act of Parliament
1671:
1670:
1615:Act of Parliament
1600:
1599:
1544:Act of Parliament
1529:
1528:
1473:Act of Parliament
1458:
1457:
1402:Act of Parliament
1387:
1386:
1366:9 & 10 Geo. 6
1330:Act of Parliament
1315:
1314:
1285:Other legislation
1263:9 & 10 Geo. 6
1227:Act of Parliament
1212:
1211:
1129:Act of Parliament
1112:Post-World War II
1069:
1068:
1013:Act of Parliament
998:
997:
977:9 & 10 Geo. 5
942:Act of Parliament
927:
926:
859:Act of Parliament
844:
843:
788:Act of Parliament
773:
772:
752:63 & 64 Vict.
717:Act of Parliament
702:
701:
672:Other legislation
667:16 September 1887
650:50 & 51 Vict.
615:Act of Parliament
600:
599:
579:46 & 47 Vict.
543:Act of Parliament
528:
527:
498:Other legislation
476:45 & 46 Vict.
440:Act of Parliament
425:
424:
419:44 & 45 Vict.
384:Act of Parliament
369:
368:
346:Other legislation
324:43 & 44 Vict.
288:Act of Parliament
273:
272:
226:38 & 39 Vict.
191:Act of Parliament
108:
107:
102:16 & 17 Vict.
77:Act of Parliament
2886:
2836:Sinecure offices
2833:
2825:
2815:Spring Statement
2738:non-departmental
2565:
2558:
2551:
2542:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2512:
2504:
2503:
2501:Official website
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2340:
2266:Broads Authority
2243:the councils of
2187:, primarily for
2054:
2053:
2040:
2035:
2025:Status: Repealed
1959:
1958:
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1303:Status: Repealed
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1165:7 & 8 Geo. 6
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2531:. Retrieved
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2097:27 July 1967
2093:Royal assent
1998:Royal assent
1915:Royal assent
1832:Royal assent
1734:Royal assent
1663:Royal assent
1592:Royal assent
1525:13 July 1948
1521:Royal assent
1450:Royal assent
1379:Royal assent
1276:Royal assent
1178:Royal assent
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1061:Royal assent
990:Royal assent
907:Royal assent
836:Royal assent
765:Royal assent
663:Royal assent
592:Royal assent
489:Royal assent
341:14 June 1880
337:Royal assent
239:Royal assent
164:River Thames
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2864:HM Treasury
2826:Offices in
2572:HM Treasury
2524:pwlb.gov.uk
2403:pwlb.gov.uk
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2164:HM Treasury
2140:green paper
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2002:26 May 1966
1291:Repealed by
678:Repealed by
504:Repealed by
352:Repealed by
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2858:Categories
2810:Budget day
2779:Royal Mint
2736:Executive
2362:References
2191:projects.
2179:Operations
2065:Long title
1970:Long title
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152:the Strand
143:Parliament
110:See also:
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2337:158317470
2162:, one of
568:purposes.
138:emolument
2840:de facto
2533:27 April
2480:27 April
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2412:27 April
2345:See also
2227:councils
2221:councils
2206:English
2075:Citation
1980:Citation
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2828:italics
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29:Welsh
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2264:the
2258:the
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2122:The
2080:1967
1985:1966
1902:1965
1821:c. 9
1819:1964
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