531:. He points out that there are parts of the Cinderella story which everyone knows, namely the cruel step sisters, the invitation to the ball, the handsome prince, the fairy godmother, Cinderella's dress turning to rags at midnight, the glass slipper left behind, the prince searching for its owner, and the happy ending. None of these elements can be omitted and the famous story still be told. The same principle applies to Punch and Judy. Everyone knows that Punch mishandles the baby, that Punch and Judy quarrel and fight, that a policeman comes for Punch and gets a taste of his stick, that Punch has a gleeful run-in with a variety of other figures and takes his stick to them all, that eventually he faces his final foe (which might be a hangman, the devil, a crocodile, or a ghost). Edwards contends that a proper Punch and Judy show requires these elements or the audience will feel let down.
228:
315:
311:. In the latter half of the 18th century, marionette companies began to give way to glove-puppet shows, performed from within a narrow, lightweight booth by one puppeteer, usually with an assistant, or "bottler," to gather a crowd and collect money. These shows might travel through country towns or move from corner to corner along busy London streets, giving many performances in a single day. The character of Punch adapted to the new format, going from a stringed comedian who might say outrageous things to a more aggressive glove-puppet who could do outrageous—and often violent—things to the other characters.
768:
956:. The plot reimagines the classic puppet show as a revenge tale, in which Judy and Punch are married puppeteers in the fictional town of Seaside, with a popular show about themselves. Following the traditional element of the show, Punch's carelessness leads to the death of their baby, prompting a fight between him and Judy. Having been thought dead after Punch's beating, Judy survives with the help of village outcasts and decides to enact her revenge on her husband, who has scapegoated their servants. The film took Best Original Music Score and Best Actor (Herriman) at the 9th
708:
his previous hen-pecked persona. This would suggest that, since Punch was merely acting violently out of self-defence, it was okay. This is a possible explanation for the humour of his violence toward his wife, and even towards others who may have somehow "had it coming." This suggestion better explains the humour of the violence toward the baby. Other characters that had to incur the wrath of Punch varied depending on the punchman, but the most common were the foreigner, the blind man, the publican, the constable, and the devil.
553:. This is the only surviving script of a performance, and its accuracy is questioned. The performance was stopped frequently to allow Collier and Cruikshank to write and sketch and, in the words of Speaight, Collier is someone of whom "the full list of his forgeries has not yet been reckoned, and the myths he propagated are still being repeated. (His) 'Punch and Judy' is to be warmly welcomed as the first history of puppets in England, but it is also sadly to be examined as the first experiment of a literary criminal."
390:
570:
lets him know. Punch's subsequent comic struggle with the crocodile might then leave him in need of a Doctor who will arrive and attempt to treat Punch by walloping him with a stick until Punch turns the tables on him. Punch may next pause to count his "victims" by laying puppets on the stage, only for Joey the Clown to move them about behind his back in order to frustrate him. A ghost might then appear and give Mr. Punch a fright before it too is chased off with a stick.
566:
baby these days, but he may well sit on it in a failed attempt to "babysit", or drop it, or even let it go through a sausage machine. In any event, Judy will return, will be outraged, will fetch a stick, and the knockabout will commence. A policeman will arrive in response to the mayhem and will himself be felled by Punch's stick. All this is carried out at breakneck farcical speed with much involvement from a gleefully shouting audience. From here on anything goes.
583:
102:
52:
520:
220:. Joan's name was changed to Judy because "Judy" was easier to enunciate with the swazzle than "Joan". So important is Punch's signature sound that it is a matter of some controversy within Punch and Judy circles as to whether a "non-swazzled" show can be considered a true Punch and Judy Show. Other characters do not use the swazzle, so the Punchman has to switch back and forth while still holding the device in his mouth.
40:
378:
603:
Punch's "birthplace" in London's Covent Garden will reveal a whole variety of changes that are rung by puppeteers from this basic material. Scripts have been published at different times since the early 19th century, but none can be claimed as the definitive traditional script of Punch and Judy. Each printed script reflects the era in which it was performed and the circumstances under which it was printed.
542: ... the show should, indeed, not be regarded as a story at all but a succession of encounters." Robert Leach makes it clear that "the story is a conceptual entity, not a set text: the means of telling it, therefore, are always variable." Rosalind Crone asserts that the story needed to be episodic so that passersby on the street could easily join or leave the audience during a performance.
1426:
612:
as an incentive to any kind of action or as a model for any kind of conduct. It is possible, I think, that one secret source of pleasure very generally derived from this performance… is the satisfaction the spectator feels in the circumstance that likenesses of men and women can be so knocked about, without any pain or suffering.
707:
also helps to create humour, and that the swazzled sound of Punch's voice takes the cruelty out of Punch. According to Crone, a third aspect that helped make the violence humorous was that Punch's violence toward his wife was prompted by her own violence toward him. In this aspect, he retains some of
702:
Despite Punch's unapologetic murders throughout the performances, it is still considered a comedy. The humour is aided by a few things. Rosalind Crone suggests that, since the puppets are carved from wood, their facial expressions cannot change, but are stuck in the same exaggerated pose, which helps
338:
and was originally covered in checked bed ticking or whatever inexpensive cloth might come to hand. Later
Victorian booths were gaudier affairs, particularly those used for Christmas parties and other indoor performances. In the 20th century, however, red-and-white-striped puppet booths became iconic
510:
whose hooked nose almost meets his curved, jutting chin. He carries a stick (called a slapstick) as large as himself, which he freely uses upon most of the other characters in the show. Judy wears an apron, a blue dress, and a bonnet and frequently tries to tell Punch off when he uses the slapstick.
611:
In my opinion the street Punch is one of those extravagant reliefs from the realities of life which would lose its hold upon the people if it were made moral and instructive. I regard it as quite harmless in its influence, and as an outrageous joke which no one in existence would think of regarding
223:
Punch and Judy shows were traditionally marionette shows when they were brought over from Italy, but were later reinvented in the glove puppet style to accommodate the characters' violent movements without the obstruction of marionette strings. Glove puppets were often operated by placing the thumb
602:
Punch and Judy might follow no fixed storyline, as with the tales of Robin Hood, but there are episodes common to many recorded versions. It is these set piece encounters or "routines" which are used by performers to construct their own Punch and Judy shows. A visit to a Punch and Judy
Festival at
569:
Joey the Clown might appear and suggest, "It's dinner time." This will lead to the production of a string of sausages, which Mr. Punch must look after, although the audience will know that this really signals the arrival of a crocodile whom Mr. Punch might not see until the audience shouts out and
202:
in London. It was performed by
Italian puppet showman Pietro Gimonde, a.k.a. "Signor Bologna", one of many entertainers from continental Europe who came to England following the restoration. Pepys described the event in his diary as "an Italian puppet play, that is within the rails there, which is
92:
with the show gave way to paid engagements at private parties or public events. In modern shows the audience is encouraged to participate, calling out to the characters on the stage—typically shouting "He's behind you!"—to warn them of danger or clue them in to what is going on behind their backs.
83:
The show is performed by a single puppeteer inside the booth, known since
Victorian times as a "professor" or "punchman", and assisted sometimes by a "bottler" who corrals the audience outside the booth, introduces the performance, and collects the money ("the bottle"). The bottler might also play
606:
The various episodes of the show are performed in the spirit of outrageous comedy—often provoking shocked laughter—and are dominated by the anarchic clowning of Mr. Punch. Just as the
Victorian version of the show drew on the morality of its day, so also the Punch & Judy College of Professors
565:
A typical show as performed currently in the UK will start with the arrival of Mr. Punch, followed by the introduction of Judy. They may well kiss and dance before Judy requests Mr. Punch to look after the baby. Punch will fail to carry out this task appropriately. It is rare for Punch to hit his
556:
The tale of Punch and Judy varies from puppeteer to puppeteer, as previously with
Punchinello and Joan, and it has changed over time. Nonetheless, the skeletal outline is often recognizable. It typically involves Punch behaving outrageously, struggling with his wife Judy and the baby, and then
573:
In older productions, a hangman would arrive to punish Mr. Punch, only to himself be tricked into sticking his head in the noose. "Do you do the hanging?" is a question often asked of performers. Some will include it where circumstances warrant (such as for an adult audience) but most do not.
69:
show featuring Mr. Punch and his wife Judy. The performance consists of a sequence of short scenes, each depicting an interaction between two characters, most typically the anarchic Mr. Punch and one other character who usually falls victim to the intentional violence of Punch's
574:
Finally, the show will often end with the Devil arriving for Mr. Punch (and possibly threatening his audience as well). Punch—in his final gleefully triumphant moment—will win his fight with the Devil, bring the show to a rousing conclusion, and earn a round of applause.
490:
Other characters included Boxers, Chinese Plate
Spinners, topical figures, a trick puppet with an extending neck (the "Courtier"), and a monkey. A live Toby the Dog was once a regular featured novelty routine, sitting on the playboard and performing "with" the puppets.
736:
has been republished in facsimile several times. Collier's later career as a literary forger has cast some doubt on the authenticity of the script, which is rather literary in style and may well have been tidied up from the rough-and-tumble street-theatre original.
1053:
home computers in the 1980s. In the game, Punch holds Judy hostage in the booth, and the player takes the role of Bobby the policeman who has to rescue her, overcoming custard pies, tomatoes and pits, as well as tackling Mr. Punch himself.
732:. Collier said his script was based on the version performed by the "professor" Giovanni Piccini in the early 19th century, and Piccini himself had begun performing in the streets of London in the late 18th century. The Collier/Cruickshank
364:
children's entertainments which they had become. They can now be seen at carnivals, festivals, birthday parties, and other celebratory occasions. The association of Punch with the seaside is still very strong however, as demonstrated by
716:
Punch is primarily an oral tradition, adapted by a succession of exponents from live performances rather than authentic scripts, and in constant evolution. They exist, however, in some early published scripts of varying authenticity.
189:
writes Punch and Judy "owes much of its original success to the bleak killjoyism of
Cromwell's England. Charles II's resumption of the throne in 1660 unleashed a huge public demand for popular entertainment". The diarist
84:
accompanying music or sound effects on a drum or guitar, and engage in back chat with the puppets, sometimes repeating lines that may have been difficult for the audience to understand. In the
Victorian era, the drum and
972:
interacts romantically with an authentic Mr Punch, complete with swazzle, stick, and his traditional catch phrases including "That's the way to do it" and "Oh no it isn't". The song made it into the top 30 of the
693:
team. The violence in this version of the show is directed more towards institutions of authority rather than any individuals, and Judy questions the treatment she has received from Punch over hundreds of years.
153:. We soon changed Punch's name, transformed him from a marionette to a hand puppet, and he became, really, a spirit of Britain – a subversive maverick who defies authority, a kind of puppet equivalent to our
346:. The show was originally intended for adults, but it changed into primarily a children's entertainment in the late Victorian era. Ancient members of the show's cast ceased to be included, such as the
167:
The figure who later became Mr. Punch made his first recorded appearance in
England on 9 May 1662, which is traditionally reckoned as Punch's UK birthday. Punch and Judy began to emerge during the
637:, and how Punch and Judy could be seen to make light of this, has caused changes in Punch and Judy performances in the UK and other English-speaking countries. The show continues to be seen in
175:
leaders Oliver Cromwell and Richard Cromwell, and theatre culture was revived. Cromwell strictly adhered to the Puritan belief that theatre was immoral and should be banned, resulting in their
409:: the principal characters must appear, but the lesser characters are included at the discretion of the performer. New cast may be added and older cast dropped as the tradition changes.
534:
Peter Fraser writes, "the drama developed as a succession of incidents which the audience could join or leave at any time, and much of the show was impromptu." This was elaborated by
353:
The story changes, but some phrases remain the same for decades or even centuries. For example, Punch dispatches his foes each in turn and still squeaks his famous catchphrase: "
80:
called Punch and Judy "a staple of the British seaside scene". The various episodes of Punch comedy—often provoking shocked laughter—are dominated by the clowning of Mr. Punch.
1439:
339:
features on the beaches of many English seaside and summer holiday resorts. Such striped cloth is the most common covering today, wherever the show might be performed.
2201:
545:
Much emphasis is often placed on the first printed script of Punch and Judy, in 1827. It was based on a show by travelling performer Giovanni Piccini, illustrated by
227:
678:
882:, a travelling carnival arrives in a small town and the foreign carnival's star jester Punch falls in love with the Mayor's daughter Judy. The original Swedish
1298:
369:
Town council's annual Wis-BEACH day each summer, "all the seaside favourites are on show, including a donkey, deck chairs, Punch and Judy and fish and chips".
607:
considers that the 20th- and 21st-century versions of the tale is used as a vehicle for grotesque visual comedy and a sideways look at contemporary society.
357:
the way to do it!" The term "pleased as Punch" is derived from Punch and Judy; specifically, Mr. Punch's characteristic sense of gleeful self-satisfaction.
1148:
314:
1251:
420:
may still make their appearances but, if so, Punch will always get the better of them. The cast of a typical Punch and Judy show today will include:
256:. Powell has been credited with being "largely responsible for the form taken by the drama of Punch and Judy". In 1721, a puppet theatre opened in
2221:
2196:
685:. In a 2006 UK poll, the public voted Punch and Judy onto the list of icons of England. In 2024, a new version of the show was staged at London's
299:
bought tickets. However, marionette productions were expensive and cumbersome to mount and transport, presented in empty halls, the back rooms of
2147:
The Punch & Judy Fellowship: The largest and oldest organisation of its kind devoted to keeping alive the tradition of Punch & Judy shows
216:
which the professor holds in his mouth, transmitting his gleeful cackle. This gives Punch a vocal quality as though he were speaking through a
1474:
284:. Fielding eventually ran his own puppet theatre under the pseudonym Madame de la Nash to avoid the censorship concomitant with the theatre
689:. It was developed as part of the Judy Project, a three year study of the roles that women have played in the tradition of puppetry, by a
412:
Along with Punch and Judy, the cast of characters usually includes their baby, a hungry crocodile, a clown, an officious policeman, and a
1718:
557:
triumphing in a series of encounters with the forces of law and order (and often the supernatural), interspersed with jokes and songs.
2226:
2206:
1975:
1950:
1751:
2014:
1624:
1603:
1582:
750:
787:, established in 1841, took the anarchic Mr Punch as their mascot, with the character also an inspiration for the magazine's name.
183:, Puritan legislation was declared null and void, and a more tolerant period of art and culture was ushered in. William Langley of
1448:
767:
31:
1464:
1645:
823:
1098:
1545:
1016:
88:
were the instruments of choice. Today, most professors work solo, since the need for a bottler became less important when
171:(beginning in 1660), a period during which art and theatre thrived. King Charles II took the throne in 1660 and replaced
1008:'s "Good Morning Blondie", Blondie resembling a puppet and having an unhealthy relationship with the singing character.
206:
In the British Punch and Judy show, Punch speaks in a distinctive squawking voice, produced by a contrivance known as a
1897:
2171:
176:
106:
1334:
1206:
891:
832:
623:
1519:
1276:
869:
295:
and, by the end of the 18th century, he was also playing in Britain's American colonies, where a fan of the show
1494:
1181:
792:
245:
2191:
2186:
179:. The repressive regime also saw street entertainers jailed. Charles II's ascension to the throne ended the
1025:
953:
237:
1922:
1884:
991:
118:
928:
with the two lead characters watching the show while the inspector lurks nearby. The film's composer
690:
350:
and Punch's mistress "Pretty Polly," when they came to be seen as inappropriate for young audiences.
224:
in one arm, the middle, ring, and little fingers in the other arm, and the index finger in the head.
389:
2216:
2181:
1872:
912:
830:
fantasy universe, and a Punch and Judy show is also referenced briefly in the 2003 Discworld novel
539:
185:
76:
1073:
721:
550:
285:
168:
1936:
1385:
594:
character as a figure of derision to reflect the times. Taken at the History On Wheels Museum,
2090:
2010:
1939:. No. 1 March 2019. SR Swedish Broadcasting Corporation P4 SR Östergötland. 1 March 2019.
1726:
1641:
1620:
1599:
1578:
1470:
1138:
1020:
1000:
968:
Punch is faithfully celebrated in the 1977 UK novelty hit "Naughty Naughty Naughty", in which
729:
634:
546:
296:
154:
89:
2157:
The Worldwide Friends of Punch and Judy: an international assemblage of people who love Punch
244:
In the early 18th century, the puppet theatre starring Punch was at its height, with showman
2211:
974:
878:
783:
773:
582:
319:
304:
261:
232:
101:
1983:
1841:, Vol. 94, No. 374, Folk Drama (Oct.–Dec. 1981), pp.527–555. The American Folklore Society.
1640:. London: Batsford Academic and Educational; Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press.
149:
went down particularly well with Restoration British audiences, fun-starved after years of
2055:
1755:
1435:
979:
845:
819:
801:
617:
535:
377:
343:
145:
figures found in mythologies across the world. Punch's wife was originally called "Joan."
138:
51:
2131:
1299:"From pandemics to puritans: when theatre shut down through history and how it recovered"
1119:
397:
The characters in a Punch and Judy show are not fixed. They are similar to the cast of a
519:
360:
Modern British performances of Punch and Judy are no longer exclusively the traditional
2176:
2030:
949:
945:
941:
936:
925:
883:
812:
804:
is embedded in the story of Punch and Judy to tell a story of a ghostly serial killer.
361:
281:
265:
253:
39:
1851:
1837:
Proschan, Frank (1981). "Puppet Voices and Interlocutors: Language in Folk Puppetry."
2165:
1430:
1143:
995:
929:
917:
857:
807:
686:
654:
277:
199:
110:
1875:, p.65, John Payne Collier with illustrations by George Cruikshank, Internet Archive
2152:
The Punch and Judy College of Professors: detailed site of leading UK professionals
1817:
1050:
1005:
957:
853:
745:
674:
587:
191:
17:
1803:
1777:
538:, who explained that the plotline "is like a story compiled in a parlour game of
2083:
by John Payne Collier, illustrated by George Cruikshank (1929, 2006) Dover Books
1046:
873:
670:
662:
331:
330:
The mobile puppet booth of the late 18th- and early 19th-century Punch and Judy
273:
269:
180:
1549:
1359:
113:, London commemorating the first recorded performance of Punch and Judy in 1662
1443:
969:
921:
682:
528:
417:
406:
398:
264:
ran the successful but short-lived Punch's Theatre in the Old Tennis Court at
195:
150:
130:
126:
1730:
1152:. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 648–649.
863:
2100:
1546:"A Brief History of Punch and Judy (with an introduction to the characters)"
1030:
987:
944:
which retells the plot of the puppet show as a black comedy-drama. It stars
895:
827:
666:
658:
595:
507:
382:
142:
71:
1688:
703:
to deter any sense of realism and to distance the audience. The use of the
1665:
Crone, Rosalind (2006). "Mr and Mrs Punch in Nineteenth-Century England."
1954:
1068:
894:
presenter Linnéa Källström as Judy. The story and songs originate from a
503:
402:
318:
A Punch and Judy show — with the red-and-white-striped puppet booth — at
85:
1063:
704:
646:
638:
366:
308:
300:
208:
172:
56:
44:
2009:(19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 482.
932:
also recorded a song titled "Punch and Judy" for the film soundtrack.
910:
A performance of Punch and Judy features prominently in the 1963 film
1719:"Judy stands up to Punch as classic puppet show gets modern makeover"
1137:
887:
849:
741:
650:
591:
527:
Glyn Edwards has likened the story of Punch and Judy to the story of
499:
495:
335:
323:
257:
122:
66:
2156:
47:, Dorset, England. Punch is pictured to the left, Judy to the right.
1429: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
303:, or within large tents at England's yearly agricultural events at
2141:
1778:""Stamp of Approval for Punch and Judy", BBC News, 20 August 2001"
1207:"V&A · That's the Way to Do it! A History of Punch & Judy"
766:
642:
581:
518:
388:
376:
347:
313:
292:
240:
depicting a street scene in London including a Punch and Judy show
226:
217:
100:
50:
38:
1925:. No. 26 August 2013. Norrköpings Tidningar. 26 August 2013.
1598:. London: B.T Batsford. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.
677:. In 2001, the characters were honoured in the UK with a set of
413:
2151:
2136:
816:
features a post-apocalyptic version of a Punch and Judy show.
117:
The Punch and Judy show has roots in the 17th century Italian
2142:
The Punch and Judy Club – "Custodians of Mr Punch's Heritage"
1898:"'The First Cartoonist': Linley Sambourne and Punch Magazine"
1752:"around the world with mr. punch » Silly-Season-On-Sea"
728:. The script was illustrated by the well-known caricaturist
1606:. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 71-110085. p. 8.
872:
and Johan Pettersson. With a storyline loosely inspired by
2132:
A program featuring Punch and Judy, as well as Santa Claus
2081:
Punch and Judy: A Short History with the Original Dialogue
1569:
1567:
1335:""That's the way to do it!" A history of Punch & Judy"
198:
show featuring an early version of the Punch character in
2146:
1923:"Tidernas saga för vår tid (Timeless tale for our times)"
1638:
The Punch & Judy Show: History, Tradition and Meaning
998:
included a song titled after the show on his 1997 album,
1873:
The Tragical Comedy or Comical Tragedy of Punch and Judy
726:
The Tragical Comedy or Comical Tragedy of Punch and Judy
1754:. Punchandjudyworld.org. 14 August 2008. Archived from
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1029:
television series. They made their first appearance in
983:. "Naughty Naughty Naughty" remains Sarney's only hit.
848:
inspired by the Punch and Judy characters premiered in
342:
A more substantial change came over time to the show's
1951:"Charade [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack]"
1902:
The Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea.gov.uk and
902:, started by SchĂĽtz and Pettersson in the late 1990s.
416:
string of sausages. The devil and the generic hangman
1937:"Förmiddag i P4 Östergötland (AM in P4 Östergötland)"
494:
Punch wears a brightly coloured (traditionally red)
449:
Characters once regular but now occasional include:
1577:, Second Edition 2011. Worthing: The Fedora Group.
826:" was inspired by Punch and Judy. It is set in his
2115:by Michael Byrom (1972, 1988) DaSilva Puppet Books
1619:, Revised Edition 1970. London: Studio Vista Ltd.
1233:Writing the History of the British Stage 1660-1900
1045:A video game called "Punchy" was released for the
940:is a 2019 Australian film written and directed by
724:published a Punch and Judy script under the title
1806:. No. 27 April 2006. BBC News. 11 June 2015.
1120:"Mr Punch celebrates 350 years of puppet anarchy"
1093:
1091:
1089:
740:A transcript of a typical Punch and Judy show in
260:that ran for decades. The cross-dressing actress
952:as "Judy". The film first premiered at the 2019
1495:"Covent Garden May Fayre & Puppet Festival"
977:and was performed on the BBC television series
609:
147:
2031:"Marillion | full Official Chart History"
1452:. Vol. 46. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
1252:"Punch & Judy's puppet regime still rules"
1131:
1129:
781:The editors of the British satirical magazine
620:, Letter to Mary Tyler, 6 November 1849, from
586:A traditional Punch and Judy show dating from
137:. He is a variation on the same themes as the
8:
1164:Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature
1885:London Labour and the London Poor, Vol III
1114:
1112:
252:at Covent Garden and earlier in provincial
1329:
1327:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1319:
121:. The figure of Punch is derived from the
1246:
1244:
1242:
1235:. Cambridge University Press. p. 64.
2113:Punch and Judy: Its Origin and Evolution
276:as well as plays by herself, her father
2202:Fictional characters introduced in 1662
1085:
393:Punch and Judy characters, Sydney, 1940
43:A traditional Punch and Judy booth, at
1887:, Henry Mayhew, p.54, Internet Archive
1852:"Punch & Judy: 1832 Book pdf file"
994:" in 1984. American singer-songwriter
248:attracting sizable crowds at both his
74:. First appearing in England in 1662,
2058:. National Museum of American History
1712:
1710:
1488:
1486:
433:The Constable (a.k.a. Policeman Jack)
7:
2107:Punch & Judy: A Play for Puppets
1463:Cleary, Thomas R. (1 January 2006).
1175:
1173:
822:'s 1993 short murder mystery story "
679:British commemorative postage stamps
162:Punch and Judy showman Glyn Edwards.
2109:by Ed Emberley (1965) Little, Brown
1804:"New icons of Englishness unveiled"
1689:"Puppet show faces knockout punch?"
1277:"When Christmas carols were banned"
960:, and had seven other nominations.
1548:. Speckinspace.com. Archived from
1520:"Video - Sun and sand at WisBEACH"
1466:Henry Fielding: A Political Writer
771:Mr Punch depicted on the cover of
633:An awareness of the prevalence of
25:
1099:"Punch and Judy around the world"
1004:. The show is also referenced in
751:London Labour and the London Poor
2119:Punch and Judy: Inside the Booth
2007:British Hit Singles & Albums
1839:The Journal of American Folklore
1818:"Performance – The Judy Project"
1449:Dictionary of National Biography
1424:
1386:"SWAZZLE definition and meaning"
561:Typical 21st-century performance
1493:Pinhorn, Maggie (26 May 2024).
1469:. Wilfrid Laurier Univ. Press.
990:had a UK Top 40 single called "
483:The Servant (or "The Minstrel")
468:The Hangman (a.k.a. Jack Ketch)
291:Punch was extremely popular in
32:Punch and Judy (disambiguation)
27:Traditional British puppet show
2222:Puppetry in the United Kingdom
2197:1662 establishments in England
1717:Barnett, David (11 May 2024).
1:
1136:Wheeler, R. Mortimer (1911).
326:on the south coast of England
55:Punch and Judy at an English
2103:(1965) Ridge Press/MacMillan
272:, presenting adaptations of
578:Plots reflect their own era
2243:
2093:(1950) Evans Brothers Ltd.
1390:Collins English Dictionary
1211:Victoria and Albert Museum
1186:Oddle Entertainment Agency
1182:"All About Punch And Judy"
892:Disney Channel Scandinavia
624:Letters of Charles Dickens
477:Jim Crow ("The Black Man")
29:
2227:Fictional married couples
2207:Comedy theatre characters
2137:Punch and Judy on the Web
1695:. London. 8 November 1999
1617:Punch and Judy: A History
1615:Speaight, George. (1955)
1575:Successful Punch and Judy
1023:'s oversized henchmen in
381:Punch and Judy, taken in
1410:Philpott, A. R. (1969).
1231:Schoch, Richard (2016).
2005:Roberts, David (2006).
1678:Speaight (1970), p. 82.
1149:Encyclopædia Britannica
777:magazine, 26 April 1916
590:with the addition of a
506:with a tassel. He is a
1669:, 49(4) pp. 1055–1082.
1667:The Historical Journal
1636:Leach, Robert. (1985)
1573:Edwards, Glyn. (2000)
1412:Dictionary of Puppetry
1360:"Friday 9th May, 1660"
1139:"Punch (puppet)"
954:Sundance Film Festival
870:Johan Christher SchĂĽtz
778:
631:
599:
524:
394:
386:
327:
241:
238:Benjamin Robert Haydon
165:
114:
59:
48:
2097:The Art of the Puppet
1594:Fraser, Peter (1970)
770:
585:
522:
392:
380:
334:show could be easily
317:
230:
104:
54:
42:
2121:. Geoff Felix, 2016.
1166:. 1996. p. 914.
1122:. BBC. 11 June 2015.
886:is freely available
720:In 1828, the critic
691:University of Exeter
30:For other uses, see
1986:on 21 December 2014
1758:on 23 February 2012
1552:on 23 November 2010
1526:. 30 September 2019
900:Punch and Judy Show
236:, 1829 painting by
125:stock character of
77:The Daily Telegraph
18:Punch and judy show
2172:Culture of England
2035:Officialcharts.com
1364:www.pepysdiary.com
1180:Patterson, Alice.
833:Monstrous Regiment
824:Theatre of Cruelty
779:
722:John Payne Collier
600:
551:John Payne Collier
525:
395:
387:
328:
286:Licensing Act 1737
242:
169:Restoration Period
155:political cartoons
119:commedia dell'arte
115:
60:
49:
2091:Philip John Stead
1476:978-0-88920-858-2
986:The British band
730:George Cruikshank
712:Published scripts
549:, and written by
547:George Cruikshank
297:George Washington
280:, and her friend
90:street performing
65:is a traditional
16:(Redirected from
2234:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1982:. Archived from
1980:Soundonsound.com
1972:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1947:
1941:
1940:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1894:
1888:
1882:
1876:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1848:
1842:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1789:
1784:. 20 August 2001
1774:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1737:
1714:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1685:
1679:
1676:
1670:
1663:
1648:
1634:
1628:
1613:
1607:
1592:
1586:
1571:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1499:Alternative Arts
1490:
1481:
1480:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1436:Seccombe, Thomas
1428:
1427:
1422:
1416:
1415:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1331:
1314:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1248:
1237:
1236:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1177:
1168:
1167:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1141:
1133:
1124:
1123:
1116:
1107:
1106:
1095:
975:UK Singles Chart
879:Romeo and Juliet
793:Rivers of London
744:may be found in
629:
626:Vol V, 1847–1849
462:Hector the Horse
305:Bartholomew Fair
262:Charlotte Charke
233:Punch or May Day
163:
21:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2162:
2161:
2128:
2077:
2075:Further reading
2072:
2071:
2061:
2059:
2056:"Batman No. 31"
2054:
2053:
2049:
2039:
2037:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1987:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1959:
1957:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1906:
1904:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1883:
1879:
1871:
1867:
1857:
1855:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1836:
1832:
1822:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1787:
1785:
1776:
1775:
1771:
1761:
1759:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1735:
1733:
1716:
1715:
1708:
1698:
1696:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1677:
1673:
1664:
1651:
1635:
1631:
1614:
1610:
1593:
1589:
1572:
1565:
1555:
1553:
1544:
1543:
1539:
1529:
1527:
1524:Fenland Citizen
1518:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1501:
1492:
1491:
1484:
1477:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1434:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1394:
1392:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1369:
1367:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1343:
1341:
1333:
1332:
1317:
1307:
1305:
1303:The Stage.co.uk
1297:
1296:
1292:
1282:
1280:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1260:
1258:
1250:
1249:
1240:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1215:
1213:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1188:
1179:
1178:
1171:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1135:
1134:
1127:
1118:
1117:
1110:
1105:. 11 June 2015.
1097:
1096:
1087:
1082:
1060:
1043:
1014:
980:Top of the Pops
966:
948:as "Punch" and
908:
862:Carnival Tale (
842:
840:Musical theatre
820:Terry Pratchett
802:Ben Aaronovitch
800:in the US) by
765:
760:
714:
700:
630:
618:Charles Dickens
616:
580:
563:
536:George Speaight
517:
480:Mr. Scaramouche
385:, north London.
375:
344:target audience
250:Punch's Theatre
203:very pretty."
177:closure in 1642
164:
161:
139:Lord of Misrule
99:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2240:
2238:
2230:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2192:English humour
2189:
2187:Fictional duos
2184:
2179:
2174:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2127:
2126:External links
2124:
2123:
2122:
2116:
2110:
2104:
2094:
2084:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2047:
2022:
2015:
1997:
1967:
1942:
1928:
1914:
1889:
1877:
1865:
1843:
1830:
1809:
1795:
1769:
1743:
1706:
1680:
1671:
1649:
1629:
1608:
1596:Punch and Judy
1587:
1563:
1537:
1511:
1482:
1475:
1455:
1440:Powell, Martin
1417:
1402:
1377:
1351:
1315:
1290:
1268:
1238:
1223:
1198:
1169:
1155:
1144:Chisholm, Hugh
1125:
1108:
1084:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1059:
1056:
1042:
1039:
1017:Punch and Judy
1013:
1010:
992:Punch and Judy
965:
962:
950:Mia Wasikowska
946:Damon Herriman
942:Mirrah Foulkes
937:Judy and Punch
926:Audrey Hepburn
907:
904:
884:cast recording
841:
838:
813:Riddley Walker
810:'s 1980 novel
764:
761:
759:
756:
713:
710:
699:
696:
681:issued by the
635:domestic abuse
614:
579:
576:
562:
559:
516:
513:
488:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
447:
446:
443:
440:
437:
436:Joey the Clown
434:
431:
428:
425:
374:
371:
282:Henry Fielding
254:Bath, Somerset
159:
98:
95:
63:Punch and Judy
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2239:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2057:
2051:
2048:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2018:
2016:1-904994-10-5
2012:
2008:
2001:
1998:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1971:
1968:
1956:
1952:
1946:
1943:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1924:
1918:
1915:
1903:
1899:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1878:
1874:
1869:
1866:
1854:. Spyrock.com
1853:
1847:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1831:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1805:
1799:
1796:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1757:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1694:
1690:
1684:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1633:
1630:
1626:
1625:0-289-79785-3
1622:
1618:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1604:0-7134-2284-X
1601:
1597:
1591:
1588:
1584:
1583:9780956718914
1580:
1576:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1551:
1547:
1541:
1538:
1525:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1500:
1496:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1459:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1431:public domain
1421:
1418:
1413:
1406:
1403:
1391:
1387:
1381:
1378:
1366:. 10 May 2005
1365:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1340:
1336:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1304:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1278:
1272:
1269:
1257:
1256:The Telegraph
1253:
1247:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1227:
1224:
1212:
1208:
1202:
1199:
1187:
1183:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1165:
1159:
1156:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1132:
1130:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1104:
1103:The Telegraph
1100:
1094:
1092:
1090:
1086:
1079:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1003:
1002:
997:
996:Elliott Smith
993:
989:
984:
982:
981:
976:
971:
963:
961:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
938:
933:
931:
930:Henry Mancini
927:
923:
919:
918:Stanley Donen
915:
914:
905:
903:
901:
897:
893:
890:and features
889:
885:
881:
880:
875:
871:
867:
865:
859:
855:
851:
847:
839:
837:
835:
834:
829:
825:
821:
817:
815:
814:
809:
808:Russell Hoban
805:
803:
799:
798:Midnight Riot
795:
794:
788:
786:
785:
776:
775:
769:
762:
757:
755:
753:
752:
747:
743:
738:
735:
731:
727:
723:
718:
711:
709:
706:
697:
695:
692:
688:
687:Covent Garden
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
655:United States
652:
649:—and also in
648:
644:
640:
636:
627:
625:
619:
613:
608:
604:
597:
593:
589:
584:
577:
575:
571:
567:
560:
558:
554:
552:
548:
543:
541:
537:
532:
530:
521:
514:
512:
509:
505:
504:sugarloaf hat
501:
497:
492:
486:The Blind Man
485:
482:
479:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
461:
458:
455:
452:
451:
450:
444:
441:
439:The Crocodile
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
422:
421:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
400:
391:
384:
379:
372:
370:
368:
363:
358:
356:
351:
349:
345:
340:
337:
333:
325:
321:
316:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
289:
287:
283:
279:
278:Colley Cibber
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
246:Martin Powell
239:
235:
234:
229:
225:
221:
219:
215:
211:
210:
204:
201:
200:Covent Garden
197:
193:
188:
187:
186:The Telegraph
182:
178:
174:
170:
158:
156:
152:
146:
144:
141:and the many
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
112:
111:Covent Garden
108:
103:
96:
94:
91:
87:
81:
79:
78:
73:
68:
64:
58:
53:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2096:
2086:
2080:
2060:. Retrieved
2050:
2038:. Retrieved
2034:
2025:
2006:
2000:
1988:. Retrieved
1984:the original
1979:
1976:"Heavy Rain"
1970:
1958:. Retrieved
1945:
1931:
1917:
1905:. Retrieved
1901:
1892:
1880:
1868:
1856:. Retrieved
1846:
1838:
1833:
1821:. Retrieved
1812:
1798:
1786:. Retrieved
1781:
1772:
1760:. Retrieved
1756:the original
1746:
1734:. Retrieved
1723:The Observer
1722:
1697:. Retrieved
1692:
1683:
1674:
1666:
1637:
1632:
1616:
1611:
1595:
1590:
1574:
1554:. Retrieved
1550:the original
1540:
1528:. Retrieved
1523:
1514:
1502:. Retrieved
1498:
1465:
1458:
1447:
1420:
1411:
1405:
1393:. Retrieved
1389:
1380:
1368:. Retrieved
1363:
1354:
1342:. Retrieved
1338:
1306:. Retrieved
1302:
1293:
1281:. Retrieved
1271:
1259:. Retrieved
1255:
1232:
1226:
1214:. Retrieved
1210:
1201:
1189:. Retrieved
1185:
1163:
1158:
1147:
1102:
1051:Commodore 64
1044:
1034:
1033:in 1945, in
1024:
1015:
1006:Jack Stauber
999:
985:
978:
967:
958:AACTA Awards
935:
934:
916:directed by
911:
909:
899:
877:
861:
854:Arbisteatern
843:
831:
818:
811:
806:
797:
791:
789:
782:
780:
772:
749:
746:Henry Mayhew
739:
733:
725:
719:
715:
701:
675:South Africa
632:
621:
610:
605:
601:
588:World War II
572:
568:
564:
555:
544:
540:Consequences
533:
526:
493:
489:
465:Pretty Polly
453:Toby the Dog
448:
442:The Skeleton
411:
396:
359:
354:
352:
341:
332:glove-puppet
329:
290:
249:
243:
231:
222:
213:
207:
205:
192:Samuel Pepys
184:
166:
148:
134:
129:, which was
116:
82:
75:
62:
61:
36:
1699:3 September
1444:Lee, Sidney
1047:ZX Spectrum
1041:Video games
874:Shakespeare
868:written by
844:In 2013, a
671:New Zealand
663:Puerto Rico
274:Shakespeare
270:Westminster
266:St. James's
194:observed a
181:interregnum
135:Punchinello
2217:Pulcinella
2182:Traditions
2166:Categories
1646:0713447842
1216:2 February
1191:2 February
1080:References
1026:The Batman
1019:appear as
1012:Television
970:Joy Sarney
922:Cary Grant
864:Tivolisaga
858:Norrköping
790:The novel
763:Literature
683:Royal Mail
529:Cinderella
474:The Beadle
459:The Lawyer
445:The Doctor
418:Jack Ketch
407:Robin Hood
399:soap opera
373:Characters
196:marionette
151:Puritanism
131:anglicized
127:Pulcinella
123:Neapolitan
105:Plaque at
2101:Bil Baird
2087:Mr. Punch
1731:0029-7712
1530:9 January
1438:(1896). "
1370:9 January
1074:Petrushka
1031:DC Comics
1001:Either/Or
988:Marillion
920:starring
828:Discworld
667:Australia
659:Caribbean
596:Eton Wick
523:Mr. Punch
508:hunchback
471:The Devil
456:The Ghost
424:Mr. Punch
403:folk tale
383:Islington
336:fitted-up
143:Trickster
107:St Paul's
86:pan pipes
72:slapstick
1955:AllMusic
1858:2 August
1788:2 August
1782:BBC News
1762:2 August
1693:BBC News
1627:. p. 78.
1585:. p. 19.
1556:2 August
1069:Kasperle
1058:See also
896:pop band
615:—
430:The Babe
405:such as
320:Weymouth
214:swatchel
160:—
2212:Puppets
1446:(ed.).
1433::
1339:V&A
1308:2 April
1283:2 April
1146:(ed.).
1064:Guignol
913:Charade
898:called
846:musical
705:swazzle
647:Ireland
639:England
367:Wisbech
362:seaside
322:Beach,
309:Mayfair
301:taverns
209:swazzle
173:Puritan
97:History
45:Swanage
2062:3 June
2040:3 June
2013:
1990:2 June
1960:5 June
1907:3 June
1823:26 May
1736:26 May
1729:
1644:
1623:
1602:
1581:
1504:26 May
1473:
1442:". In
1395:3 June
1344:4 June
1261:5 June
1035:Batman
888:online
850:Sweden
758:Legacy
742:London
698:Comedy
673:, and
657:, the
653:, the
651:Canada
645:, and
592:Hitler
500:motley
496:jester
355:That's
324:Dorset
258:Dublin
67:puppet
2177:Drama
1279:. BBC
1142:. In
1037:#31.
1021:Joker
784:Punch
774:Punch
734:Punch
643:Wales
598:, UK.
515:Story
401:or a
348:Devil
293:Paris
218:kazoo
2064:2024
2042:2024
2011:ISBN
1992:2024
1962:2024
1909:2024
1860:2012
1825:2024
1790:2012
1764:2012
1738:2024
1727:ISSN
1701:2008
1642:ISBN
1621:ISBN
1600:ISBN
1579:ISBN
1558:2012
1532:2019
1506:2024
1471:ISBN
1397:2024
1372:2020
1346:2024
1310:2022
1285:2022
1263:2024
1218:2020
1193:2020
1049:and
964:Song
924:and
906:Film
661:and
622:The
502:and
427:Judy
414:prop
307:and
57:fete
2099:by
2089:by
876:'s
856:in
852:at
748:'s
498:'s
212:or
133:to
109:in
2168::
2033:.
1978:.
1953:.
1900:.
1780:.
1725:.
1721:.
1709:^
1691:.
1652:^
1566:^
1522:.
1497:.
1485:^
1388:.
1362:.
1337:.
1318:^
1301:.
1254:.
1241:^
1209:.
1184:.
1172:^
1128:^
1111:^
1101:.
1088:^
860:,
836:.
754:.
669:,
665:,
641:,
288:.
268:,
2066:.
2044:.
2019:.
1994:.
1964:.
1911:.
1862:.
1827:.
1792:.
1766:.
1740:.
1703:.
1560:.
1534:.
1508:.
1479:.
1414:.
1399:.
1374:.
1348:.
1312:.
1287:.
1265:.
1220:.
1195:.
866:)
796:(
628:.
157:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
