689:. Discarding the import and export of French purebred cats and cats born before 2003 (due to lack of data), this means 646774 out of 14.9 million or 4.3% of the French cats is registered/pedigreed. As most cat registries don't have their data public, are an international registry, or not forced by national laws, this is one of the few sources that gives a valid indication on cat registry numbers. Most self-reported data on cat breeds is influenced by the fact that rescues/owners label for example all solid blue cats as Russian Blue cats.
198:
95:, purebred animal breeds are also susceptible to a wide range of congenital health problems. This problem is especially prevalent in competitive dog breeding and dog show circles due to the singular emphasis on aesthetics rather than health or function. Such problems also occur within certain segments of the horse industry for similar reasons. The problem is further compounded when breeders practice
484:
253:
118:
323:, depending on their fur length. Other commonly used terms are random-bred cat, domestic cat, house(hold) cat or moggie/moggy (UK English). Out of the hundreds of millions of cats worldwide, almost none have any purebred ancestors, nor belong to a specific breed, because purebred cats are a human invention of the last 150 years and selectively bred from
646:. While animals bred strictly for market sale are not always purebreds, or if purebred may not be registered, most livestock producers value the presence of purebred genetic stock for the consistency of traits such animals provide. It is common for a farm's male breeding stock in particular to be of purebred, pedigreed lines.
1284:
Alison; Llorente, Laura; Manaseryan, Nina; Monchot, Hervé; Onar, Vedat; Osypińska, Marta; Putelat, Olivier; Quintana
Morales, Eréndira M.; Studer, Jacqueline; Wierer, Ursula; Decorte, Ronny; Grange, Thierry; Geigl, Eva-Maria (19 June 2017). "The palaeogenetics of cat dispersal in the ancient world".
140:
The word "pedigree" appeared in the
English language in 1410 as "pee de Grewe", "pedegrewe" or "pedegru", each of those words being borrowed to the Middle French "pié de grue", meaning "crane foot". This comes from a visual analogy between the trace of the bird's foot and the three lines used in the
698:
Based on the approximately 4% of the known pedigreed cats in France, and the popularity of pedigreed cats in France compared to all other countries worldwide. The cat fancy is well established in France since the end of the 19th-century. The popularity of pedigree cats in France is also seen in the
1283:
Ottoni, Claudio; Van Neer, Wim; De Cupere, Bea; Daligault, Julien; Guimaraes, Silvia; Peters, Joris; Spassov, Nikolai; Prendergast, Mary E.; Boivin, Nicole; Morales-Muñiz, Arturo; Bălăşescu, Adrian; Becker, Cornelia; Benecke, Norbert; Boroneant, Adina; Buitenhuis, Hijlke; Chahoud, Jwana; Crowther,
239:
New breeds of dog are constantly being created, and there are many websites for new breed associations and breed clubs offering legitimate registrations for new or rare breeds. When dogs of a new breed are "visibly similar in most characteristics" and have reliable documented descent from a "known
76:
will breed true-to-type when mated like-to-like; that is, that the progeny of any two individuals of the same breed will show fairly consistent, replicable and predictable characteristics, or traits with sufficiently high heritability. A puppy from two purebred dogs of the same breed, for example,
235:
of dog (also called natural breeds or ancient breeds); or more precisely, to refer to modern breeds of dog, which are documented so as to be known to be descended from specific ancestors, that closely resemble others of their breed in appearance, movement, way of working and other characters; and
649:
In cattle, some breeders associations make a difference between "purebred" and "full blood". Full blood cattle are fully pedigreed animals, where every ancestor is registered in the herdbook and shows the typical characteristics of the breed. Purebred are those animals that have been bred-up to
330:
Approximately 3–4% of the cats in the US are purchased from breeders. Not all breeders sell registered pedigree cats. In France, approximately 4% of cats are pedigreed. Worldwide the number of pedigreed cats is somewhat lower, and is estimated at approximately 1–2%.
152:, but purebred refers to the animal having a known ancestry, and pedigree refers to the written record of breeding. Not all purebred animals have their lineage in written form. For example, until the 20th century, the
1941:
1358:
The majority of wild progenitors and their domestic derivatives share the same name, but in the 17 cases considered... the wild and domestic forms have been separately named and this has created confusion.
88:. Therefore, there is a question, and often heated controversy, as to when or if a breed may need to allow "outside" stock in for the purpose of improving the overall health and vigor of the breed.
847:, having been differentiated from others by human influence; a distinctive group of domesticated animals differentiated from the wild type under the influence of man, the sum of the progeny of a
685:. LOOF registry data from 2003-2022 is publicly available and shows that 646774 cats were registered in that time period. In 2022, France had a cat population of 14.9 million according to
353:
actually recognize between 30 and 75 breeds of cats, and several more are in development, with one or more new breeds being recognized each year on average, having distinct features (
315:
Because of common crossbreeding in populated areas, most cats are simply identified as belonging to the unregistered non-pedigree cats of mixed or unknown ancestry, referred to as
532:, are claimed by aficionados of the respective breeds to be ancient, near-pure descendants from an ancient wild prototype, though mapping of the horse genome as well as the
665:
to have a greater influence on the genetic advancement of a herd or flock in much the same way that artificial insemination has allowed greater use of superior sires.
1341:
1061:
240:
and designated foundation stock", then they can then be considered members of a breed, and, if an individual dog is documented and registered, it can be called
137:. The number of generations required varies from breed to breed, but all pedigreed animals have papers from the registering body that attest to their ancestry.
172:
or "pure" breeding of the animal. Conversely, some animals may have a recorded pedigree or even a registry, but not be considered "purebred". Today the modern
699:
amount of different breeds registered with LOOF, and the numbers of France born and living pedigree cats compared to other countries in the PawPeds-database.
449:), or hybrids between them. Later genetic research shows that only one wild cat species was domesticated; the north African and southwest Asian wild cat (
1797:
1924:
737:
661:
is often used in sheep and cattle breeding to quickly expand, or improve purebred herds. Embryo transfer techniques allow top quality female
517:, when pedigrees were tracked in writing, and the practice of declaring a type of horse to be a breed or a purebred became more widespread.
1746:
983:
1849:
1332:
1208:
1142:
881:
766:
1696:
1121:
1876:
1427:
509:
Written and oral histories of various animals or pedigrees of certain types of horse have been kept throughout history, though
1861:
236:
that reproduce with offspring closely resembling each other and their parents. Purebred dogs are breeds in the second sense.
1713:
682:
1856:
1636:
1327:
930:
553:
1866:
1812:
1780:
1741:
1065:
60:, or observable characteristics of the parents. A group of like purebreds is called a pure-breeding line or strain.
1763:
1734:
1899:
1805:
1768:
1587:
1512:
1487:
561:
320:
1200:
2073:
1871:
1758:
1703:
316:
1824:
1819:
1792:
1775:
1720:
1708:
1691:
654:
451:
84:, can lead to the passing on of undesirable characteristics or even a collapse of a breed population due to
56:. Purebreds breed true-to-type which means the progeny of like-to-like purebred parents will carry the same
1036:
1981:
1834:
1829:
1550:
589:
573:
77:
will exhibit the traits of its parents, and not the traits of all breeds in the subject breed's ancestry.
1986:
1934:
1914:
1844:
1787:
1631:
1621:
1609:
1567:
1545:
1502:
585:
581:
557:
549:
224:
169:
85:
1011:
369:. The purpose of the registry of cat breeds is to develop and maintain a healthy breed by controlling
1956:
1919:
1626:
1592:
1582:
1293:
1251:
1179:
577:
521:
504:
1909:
1673:
1577:
1572:
1420:
565:
650:
purebred status as a result of using full blood animals to cross with an animal of another breed.
334:
By definition all cats belonging to a specific breed are pedigreed cats with a known and formally
2078:
1604:
1555:
1540:
1507:
1456:
1309:
1230:
873:
569:
472:
426:
362:
346:
305:
265:
210:
69:
45:
905:
1904:
1492:
887:
877:
762:
733:
157:
99:. The opposite effect to that of the restricted gene pool caused by pure-breeding is known as
53:
1668:
1663:
1643:
1517:
1389:
1301:
725:
525:
401:
374:
324:
297:
223:, with written documentation showing the individual purebred dog's descent from its breeds'
1991:
1929:
1727:
1532:
1113:
720:
Hoffman, Kurt Leroy (2016). "What can animal models tell us about depressive disorders?".
658:
1345:
491:(stallion), a breed which earliest known reference is from AD 50 (reign of Roman Emperor
1297:
1222:
2037:
2017:
1683:
1648:
1614:
1413:
1171:
729:
599:
510:
488:
445:
were formerly considered or speculated to be subspecies of wild cats or domestic cats (
394:
358:
165:
134:
112:
49:
817:
2067:
2052:
1751:
1658:
1653:
1087:
755:
635:
607:
529:
181:
173:
161:
122:
1313:
1839:
1560:
1472:
631:
537:
415:
366:
350:
342:
335:
309:
287:
275:
197:
177:
100:
1255:
955:
1996:
1961:
1597:
1497:
1146:
839:
Webster's Third New
International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged
500:
483:
459:), and are no longer considered separate (sub)species. The domestication of the
378:
296:
are not cat breeds, but a selective group of representative cats can be used as
257:
252:
2047:
1482:
1477:
623:
455:). All domestic (non-hybrid) cats and cat breeds fall under the domestic cat (
390:
370:
301:
117:
96:
81:
906:"All About Mixed Breed Cats: What Mix Is Yours? | ASPCA Pet Health Insurance"
891:
141:
English official registers to show the ramifications of a genealogical tree.
2001:
1976:
1966:
1951:
1305:
956:"Pets by the numbers - HumanePro by The Humane Society of the United States"
843:
A breed is a group of domestic animals related through common ancestors and
662:
464:
442:
354:
338:
271:
220:
206:
92:
57:
34:
841:. Springfield, Massachusetts: G&C Merriam Company. 1967. p. 274.
300:
to create a new cat breed (examples of breeds created in this way are the
17:
2042:
2032:
2027:
1971:
1946:
1440:
686:
438:
405:
382:
291:
282:
cat is one whose ancestry contains only individuals of the same breed. A
232:
228:
1062:"Cat Fanciers: What Breeds Are Making Waves in The Cat World? - Pet Age"
133:
is one that has its ancestry recorded. Often this is tracked by a major
2022:
1894:
1405:
1394:
1370:
627:
153:
41:
681:
All purebred cats born in France after 1999 should be registered with
639:
619:
603:
514:
431:
38:
1451:
1436:
611:
533:
482:
468:
251:
196:
116:
73:
227:. In dogs, the term breed is used two ways: loosely, to refer to
168:, supported by the swearing of religiously based oaths as to the
757:
A glossary of genetics and cytogenetics: Classical and molecular
615:
595:
492:
1409:
803:
643:
420:
410:
400:
Modern breeders created cat breeds, which are actually feline
513:
stud books trace back to about the 13th century, at least in
475:
of purebred/pedigreed cat breeds only started 150 years ago.
984:"What are Papers and Do I Need Them For My Pedigree Kitten?"
598:
animals among others can also have true-breeding breeds and
52:
of a purebred animal is recorded, that animal is said to be
1172:"WCF Breeding and Registration rules for all member clubs"
722:
1388:
Selk, Glenn (2002). Embryo transfer in cattle (Report).
385:
to see whose animal bears the closest resemblance (best
345:, also known as the cat’s “paperwork” or pedigree. The
80:
Breeding from too small a gene pool, especially direct
414:). A famous example of such a hybrid cat breed is the
540:
of various breeds has largely disproved such claims.
868:
Baggaley, Ann; Goddard, Jolyon; John, Katie (2014).
72:, to "breed true" means that specimens of an animal
2010:
1885:
1682:
1531:
1465:
1344:. "Opinions" section. 31 March 2003. Archived from
754:
103:, which generally results in healthier animals.
1342:International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature
753:Rieger, R.; Michaelis, A.; Green, M.M. (1968).
290:, but may have ancestors of different breeds.
1421:
1278:
1276:
377:, and regulating the well-being of the cats.
286:cat is one whose ancestry is recorded with a
8:
1201:"GCCF Registers affect showing and breeding"
833:
831:
978:
976:
365:recognized by at least one of the official
1513:Smart breeding (Marker-assisted selection)
1428:
1414:
1406:
1393:
780:
778:
27:Distinct, selectively bred animal species
1377:. Royal Association – via KFPS.nl.
1114:"Finding the Purr-fect Pedigreed Kitten"
788:. Dog-town. National Geographic Channel.
91:Because pure-breeding creates a limited
1006:
1004:
845:visibly similar in most characteristics
712:
674:
495:) and is pedigree registered since 1879
389:) to an idealized definition, based on
184:bloodlines, is considered such a case.
463:started around 9.000 years ago in the
430:), which is produced by crossing wild
849:known and designated foundation stock
260:show cat with "Grand Champion" title.
7:
1037:"Cat population in France 2010-2022"
863:
861:
859:
327:by breeders in closed off lineages.
160:only recorded the ancestry of their
1942:Selection methods in plant breeding
1333:Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature
818:"History of dog pedigree in Europe"
274:is formally registered is called a
1223:"Disqualifiers and General Faults"
1209:Governing Council of the Cat Fancy
730:10.1016/B978-0-08-100099-1.00002-9
25:
1143:The International Cat Association
851:without admixture of other blood.
361:. Nowadays, there exist over 100
44:achieved through the process of
1286:Nature Ecology & Evolution
1064:. 10 July 2023. Archived from
408:and the domestic cat species (
1:
1256:"Definitions in the Standard"
1122:The Cat Fanciers' Association
761:. New York: Springer-Verlag.
554:List of water buffalo breeds
441:of cat that have a distinct
2095:
1375:The Frisian Horse Studbook
1328:"Opinion 2027 (Case 3010)"
1252:World Cat Federation (WCF)
547:
498:
263:
204:
148:is used synonymously with
110:
1900:Marker-assisted selection
1488:Marker-assisted selection
1447:
562:List of guinea pig breeds
321:domestic short-haired cat
276:pedigreed or purebred cat
201:Pure-breed Zwergschnauzer
70:selective animal breeding
822:BraqueDuBourbonnais.info
653:Artificial breeding via
363:cat breeds and varieties
1306:10.1038/s41559-017-0139
655:artificial insemination
461:Felis silvestris lybica
452:Felis silvestris lybica
439:natural, ancient breeds
1982:Outbreeding depression
590:List of chicken breeds
574:List of chicken breeds
496:
261:
202:
126:
1987:Inbreeding depression
1503:Preservation breeding
910:ASPCAPetInsurance.com
800:Pedigree Dogs Exposed
586:List of pigeon breeds
582:List of rabbit breeds
558:List of donkey breeds
550:List of cattle breeds
486:
349:is quite large: most
255:
200:
120:
86:inbreeding depression
1227:WorldCatCongress.org
1180:World Cat Federation
1012:"LOOF - Races/annee"
870:The Cat Encyclopedia
578:List of sheep breeds
505:List of horse breeds
434:with domestic cats.
317:domestic long-haired
1674:Designer crossbreed
1371:"The Frisian horse"
1348:on 19 December 2008
1298:2017NatEE...1..139O
1147:"Browse All Breeds"
566:List of duck breeds
379:Owners and breeders
375:hereditary diseases
256:Purebred chocolate
221:modern breed of dog
144:Sometimes the word
1508:Selective breeding
1457:Lists of cultivars
1231:World Cat Congress
874:Dorling Kindersley
802:(TV documentary).
724:. pp. 35–86.
594:Most domesticated
570:List of pig breeds
497:
473:selective breeding
471:region, while the
427:Leptailurus serval
373:and the spread of
347:list of cat breeds
306:European Shorthair
266:List of cat breeds
262:
211:List of dog breeds
203:
176:horse, a cross of
127:
46:selective breeding
2061:
2060:
1905:Natural selection
1886:Selection methods
1493:Mutation breeding
739:978-0-08-100099-1
278:. Technically, a
158:Arabian Peninsula
16:(Redirected from
2086:
1669:Captive breeding
1664:Breeding program
1644:Backyard breeder
1430:
1423:
1416:
1407:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1355:
1353:
1324:
1318:
1317:
1280:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1145:(31 July 2018).
1139:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1008:
999:
998:
996:
994:
980:
971:
970:
968:
966:
952:
946:
945:
943:
941:
931:"Pet Statistics"
927:
921:
920:
918:
916:
902:
896:
895:
865:
854:
853:
835:
826:
825:
814:
808:
807:
796:
790:
789:
782:
773:
772:
760:
750:
744:
743:
717:
700:
696:
690:
679:
600:breed registries
526:Andalusian horse
406:wild cat species
397:for each breed.
341:with one of the
325:foundation stock
298:foundation stock
225:foundation stock
131:pedigreed animal
68:In the world of
21:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2074:Animal breeding
2064:
2063:
2062:
2057:
2006:
1992:Recessive trait
1930:selective sweep
1887:
1881:
1684:Plant cultivars
1678:
1527:
1461:
1452:Lists of breeds
1443:
1434:
1404:
1403:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1351:
1349:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1282:
1281:
1274:
1264:
1262:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1235:
1233:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1184:
1182:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1155:
1153:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1126:
1124:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1097:
1095:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1068:on 10 June 2023
1060:
1059:
1055:
1045:
1043:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1020:
1018:
1010:
1009:
1002:
992:
990:
988:Registered Pets
982:
981:
974:
964:
962:
954:
953:
949:
939:
937:
929:
928:
924:
914:
912:
904:
903:
899:
884:
867:
866:
857:
837:
836:
829:
816:
815:
811:
798:
797:
793:
786:Hurricane Hound
784:
783:
776:
769:
752:
751:
747:
740:
719:
718:
714:
709:
704:
703:
697:
693:
680:
676:
671:
659:embryo transfer
608:water buffaloes
602:, particularly
592:
546:
507:
481:
268:
250:
213:
195:
190:
115:
109:
66:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2092:
2090:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2066:
2065:
2059:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2038:Heirloom plant
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2018:Breed registry
2014:
2012:
2008:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1902:
1897:
1891:
1889:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1810:
1803:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1778:
1773:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1744:
1739:
1732:
1725:
1718:
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1706:
1701:
1700:
1699:
1688:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1649:Breed standard
1646:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1607:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1537:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1469:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1425:
1418:
1410:
1402:
1401:
1380:
1362:
1319:
1272:
1243:
1214:
1192:
1163:
1134:
1105:
1079:
1053:
1028:
1000:
972:
947:
922:
897:
882:
855:
850:
846:
827:
809:
791:
774:
767:
745:
738:
711:
710:
708:
705:
702:
701:
691:
673:
672:
670:
667:
636:domestic ducks
545:
542:
524:, such as the
511:breed registry
480:
477:
395:breed standard
367:cat registries
351:cat registries
343:cat registries
249:
246:
219:is a dog of a
194:
191:
189:
186:
166:oral tradition
162:Arabian horses
156:people of the
113:Breed registry
108:
105:
65:
62:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2091:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2054:
2053:Tree breeding
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
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64:True breeding
63:
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1888:and genetics
1862:Sweet potato
1813:
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1473:Backcrossing
1383:
1374:
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1350:. Retrieved
1346:the original
1337:
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1289:
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1263:. Retrieved
1259:
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1226:
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1205:GCCFCats.org
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1137:
1125:. Retrieved
1117:
1108:
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1091:
1082:
1072:16 September
1070:. Retrieved
1066:the original
1056:
1046:16 September
1044:. Retrieved
1040:
1031:
1021:16 September
1019:. Retrieved
1016:loof.asso.fr
1015:
991:. Retrieved
987:
965:16 September
963:. Retrieved
959:
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940:16 September
938:. Retrieved
934:
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915:16 September
913:. Retrieved
909:
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522:horse breeds
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508:
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333:
329:
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292:
288:cat registry
283:
279:
270:A cat whose
269:
241:
238:
217:purebred dog
216:
214:
178:Thoroughbred
149:
145:
143:
139:
130:
128:
101:hybrid vigor
90:
79:
67:
30:
29:
1997:Sex linkage
1962:Codominance
1935:stabilizing
1915:directional
1801:(daffodils)
1715:Callistemon
1498:Outcrossing
1395:11244/49938
1352:18 November
1292:(7): 0139.
1092:Pawpeds.com
1088:"Databases"
624:guinea pigs
501:Horse breed
457:Felis catus
447:Felis catus
421:Felis catus
411:Felis catus
387:conformance
381:compete in
121:A purebred
48:. When the
2068:Categories
2048:Rare breed
1920:disruptive
1857:Strawberry
1588:Guinea pig
1483:Inbreeding
1478:Crossbreed
1340:(Part 1).
1098:16 October
872:. London:
707:References
548:See also:
499:See also:
404:between a
391:breed type
371:inbreeding
336:registered
302:Maine Coon
264:See also:
205:See also:
111:See also:
97:inbreeding
82:inbreeding
18:Pure breed
2079:Livestock
2002:F1 hybrid
1977:Heterosis
1967:Epistasis
1957:Dominance
1952:Phenotype
1910:balancing
1867:Sweetcorn
1850:cultivars
1814:Nepenthes
1799:Narcissus
1782:Grevillea
1742:Cherimoya
1441:cultivars
1094:. PawPeds
892:879716720
663:livestock
544:Livestock
465:Near East
443:phenotype
383:cat shows
355:phenotype
293:Landraces
284:pedigreed
233:landraces
229:dog types
207:Dog breed
150:pedigreed
107:Pedigrees
93:gene pool
58:phenotype
54:pedigreed
35:cultivars
33:are like
31:Purebreds
2043:Landrace
2033:Germline
2028:Eugenics
1972:Dwarfing
1947:Genotype
1925:negative
1845:breeders
1764:Cucumber
1736:Capsicum
1729:Cannabis
1697:Japanese
1615:breeding
1598:breeding
1561:breeding
1523:Purebred
1314:44041769
1265:31 March
1260:WCF.info
1236:30 March
1185:30 March
1176:WCF.info
1156:31 March
1151:TICA.org
1127:30 March
1041:Statista
993:30 March
687:Statista
628:chickens
528:and the
520:Certain
416:Savannah
393:and the
339:ancestry
310:Siberian
280:purebred
272:ancestry
242:purebred
146:purebred
135:registry
2023:Breeder
1895:Culling
1807:Nemesia
1770:Gazania
1752:hybrids
1551:Chicken
1466:Methods
1294:Bibcode
1118:CFA.org
640:rabbits
620:donkeys
432:servals
402:hybrids
359:lineage
258:Persian
188:By type
182:Arabian
164:via an
154:Bedouin
50:lineage
42:species
1872:Tomato
1820:Olives
1759:Coffee
1747:Citrus
1704:Banana
1632:Turkey
1622:Rabbit
1610:Pigeon
1568:Donkey
1546:Cattle
1518:Hybrid
1437:Breeds
1312:
890:
880:
765:
736:
642:, and
604:cattle
588:, and
515:Europe
479:Horses
357:) and
39:animal
37:of an
2011:Other
1825:Onion
1793:Mango
1776:Grape
1722:Canna
1709:Basil
1692:Apple
1627:Sheep
1593:Horse
1583:Goose
1310:S2CID
935:ASPCA
669:Notes
616:goats
612:sheep
538:y-DNA
534:mtDNA
469:Egypt
437:Some
418:cat (
74:breed
1840:Rose
1835:Rice
1830:Pear
1578:Goat
1573:Duck
1439:and
1354:2011
1267:2023
1238:2023
1187:2023
1158:2023
1129:2023
1100:2023
1074:2023
1048:2023
1023:2023
995:2023
967:2023
942:2023
917:2023
888:OCLC
878:ISBN
763:ISBN
734:ISBN
683:LOOF
644:pigs
596:farm
536:and
503:and
493:Nero
467:and
319:and
308:and
248:Cats
209:and
193:Dogs
180:and
170:asil
1788:Hop
1605:Pig
1556:Dog
1541:Cat
1390:hdl
1302:doi
804:BBC
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