1000:, who had been relieved of his post as Ambassador of the Soviet Union to the United Kingdom. Rosengolts was returning from London via Berlin, having been summoned to Moscow. After meeting Rosengolts, Voykov and him went to the railway restaurant to have some coffee. Then, they went to the platform to board the express train that was scheduled to leave Warsaw at 9:55. Rosengolts was to continue his journey to Moscow on this train. As Voykov and Rosengolts passed the sleeper of the train, a man fired a pistol shot at Voykov. Voykov jumped aside and started to run. The assailant, who cried out "Die for Russia!", pursued him and fired more shots. Voykov pulled a pistol from his pocket and returned fire at the assailant. However, Voykov faltered and collapsed into the arms of a Polish policeman who had arrived on the scene. The assailant, seeing the approaching police, surrendered himself voluntarily into police custody. The shooter identified himself as Boris Kowerda, and stated that he planned to kill Voykov in order to "Avenge Russia, to avenge millions of people".
917:, Voykov and his accomplices used bayonets and pierced the breasts of the still living daughters of Nicholas II, as bullets ricocheted off from their corsets. After the killings, Voykov allegedly removed a ring from a corpse with a large ruby. Voykov himself claimed that the ring was taken from the hand of one of the Grand Duchesses and liked to show it off, though such a ring is not mentioned in any official documents or testimony given by the other executioners. Besedovsky also claimed that Voykov was one of the primary orchestrators of the killing of the imperial family, and insisted particularly to the Ural Soviet that the entire family, including all five of the Tsar's children, must be killed.
910:, the commandant of the Ipatiev House from 4 July and later chief executioner, was allegedly going to use sulfuric acid for the destruction of bodies. According to Yurovsky's memoirs of 1934, in addition to acid, he obtained gasoline (or kerosene) and shovels from Voykov. In an earlier testimony Yurovsky does not mention Voykov at all. None of the numerous eyewitnesses mention Voykov as a direct participant in the murder and the concealment of bodies. On July 16, Voykov attended a special session of the Ural Soviet at the Amerikanskaya Hotel, where it was decided the executions would have to be carried out that night.
650:, graduated with a silver medal. Already in the gymnasium, Voykov thought about killing the Tsar. He was expelled from the sixth grade of the Kerch Gymnasium, but he managed to pass examinations for grade seven. His parents had to change their place of residence and work as a result of his underground activities. The family moved to Keukeneiz, where his father took on the position as a road master in the estate of the landowner Alchevsky. Thanks to the efforts of his mother, Pyotr was accepted into the eighth grade of the
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struggle. But they prepared bombs for an armed uprising and the central leadership could not fully control the proliferation of weapons and the behavior of radical young people. Voykov fled first to
Kekeneiz, to his father, and then to Sevastopol and St. Petersburg. Two other participants in the terrorist act, Dmitry Nashaburgsky and Pyotr Koren, did not mention Voykov's name. Voykov's participation was only established as fact in 1907.
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performed all formal duties. On June 10, the coffin was transported to the Warsaw railway station and from there by train to Moscow. In the streets of Warsaw, the coffin was followed by all the local communists, representatives of the diplomatic corps of Russia and Poland, the Polish government, as well as a department of the
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Voykov, having received emergency first aid at the station, was rushed to the nearby
Hospital of the Child Jesus, where he died at 10:40 A.M. the same day. The autopsy performed on the same day by Professor Grchivo-Dombrowski revealed that Voykov had been shot twice: once fatally in the left side of
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the killing of the Tsar and his family, and many people in Poland regarded
Kowerda as a hero; public opinion was full of understanding, and even sympathy, for the assassin. A Polish court initially sentenced Kowerda to life imprisonment due to external pressure, but he was successful in petitioning
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The reliability of
Besedovsky testimony is now seriously questioned. The official investigation, conducted in Russia after the discovery of the remains of the imperial family, showed that the picture painted by Besedovsky was not reliable. Later, Besedovsky became known for his wild fantasy and for
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Despite the official remorse, almost all the newspapers expressed the sympathy of Polish society that Boris
Kowerda evoked with his youth and patriotism, and he was even forgiven for the political difficulties caused by his actions. The killing was later justified as vengeance for Voykov's role in
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Voykov's body was transported from the hospital to the Soviet mission, which used the occasion to organize communist demonstrations in Warsaw. The coffin was exhibited in the mission hall for two days. The Polish government expressed its condolences to his widow and the government of the USSR and
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The terrorist act was a complete failure, the two persons most responsible for it were heavily wounded and soon died, and M. M. Gvozdevich was not injured. It is known that
Mensheviks were the least extremist of any of the groups within the RSDLP and rejected terrorism as a method of a political
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Even after the terrorist shot himself, Dumbadze ordered his troops to burn down the dacha, and the soldiers additionally looted the adjacent house. Voykov (the militia fighter of the RSDLP) had no relation to the action on
February 26, 1907, because it was organized by one of the "flying combat
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Voykov was one of the five organizers and participants in the terrorist attack on July 20, 1906, against the local police chief, M. M. Gvozdevich. According to the official Soviet biography of Voykov, the initial purpose of the operation was not a terrorist act, but the transportation of bombs,
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and worked as a mathematics teacher. Later he was forced to leave this post; he worked as a shop foreman at the metallurgical plant and worked as an engineer at various enterprises. His mother
Alexandra Filippovna (née Ivanova, 1869–1953) received a good education, graduating from the Kerch
837:(food detachments) were sent to the villages. As a Commissar of Supply, Voykov also dealt with this. Soviet biographers also note that he managed to organize the exchange of Urals iron for Siberian grain and he dealt with the construction of a railroad between Yekaterinburg and
972:, he drafted a work plan for the Export Commission. This commission was engaged in buying up and valuation of antiques and works of art and deciding whether they could be sold abroad. Contrary to the frequent claims, however, Voykov had nothing to do with sales from the
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captured
Yekaterinburg from the Bolsheviks. In the materials of the investigator Sokolov, Voykov was mentioned only as a person related to the distribution of sulfuric acid. The actual disposal of the remains was rather left under the supervision of Yurovsky and
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Informing the local
Bolsheviks of the forthcoming arrival of Nicholas II and his family in Yekaterinburg, Sverdlov left it to them whether to imprison the family or offer them accommodations in a mansion. They chose a variant with a mansion turned into a prison.
883:. These fabricated letters, along with the Romanov responses to them, written either on blank spaces or on the envelope, were ultimately used by the Ural Soviet, and likely the Central Executive Committee in Moscow, to justify murdering the imperial family.
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claimed that Voykov, who for a long time lived abroad and graduated from Geneva University, translated these letters into French. The researchers note, that the letters contained obvious oddities, including an incorrect address to the monarch using
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During the imperial family's imprisonment in late June, they received letters written in French. Their author was allegedly a monarchist officer, planning to rescue the Tsar and his family. In fact, these letters were composed at the behest of the
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prepared for self-defense, from a cache to a place outside the city, where they were planned to be discharged. According to this version, the decision to attack the police chief was taken impulsively by the two other participants in the operation.
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for Supply in the Ural Region Soviet. In this post, he directed transportation of precious metals from Yekaterinburg, successfully sought the supply of foodstuffs from the state reserves to the Urals and personally provided for its delivery. The
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and his family. It seems to have been on the basis of information supplied by Voykov that Ipatiev was summoned to the office of the Soviet at the end of April 1918 and ordered to vacate what was soon to be called 'The House of Special Purpose'.
1994:Большая советская энциклопедия / гл. ред. О. Ю. Шмидт. - Москва : Советская энциклопедия, 1926-. - 26 см. Т. 12: Воден - Волховстрой. - 1928. - 416 с., 29 л. ил., портр., цв. ил., карты, портр. : ил., карты, портр., табл. / стр. 232
618:. The couple had three other children, son Pavel and daughters Valentina and Militsa. Militsa Lazarevna Voykova (1896–1966) later became an actress of the Central Children's Theater. Controversy exists as to whether Voykov's family had
746:", and was an active participant in the "1st Geneva Group of Assistance". In the spring of 1914 he married Adelaide Abramovna Belenkina, who studied medicine in Geneva. On April 24, 1915, their son Pavel was born. Following the
853:"Voykov set such prices for food and fuel that private trade in the Urals became impossible. Voykov's activities led to a shortage of goods and a significant decrease in the standard of living of the local population."
984:—the task of the commission was, on the contrary, to provide museums with appraisals. Stalin's massive sales from museums took place in 1929–1934, long after Voykov left this post and died. The mass sale of 14
714:. However, an assassination attempt on Dumbadze revived the investigation into the case on July 20. As a result, Voykov was forced to leave Petersburg; in summer 1907 he was hiding in
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On June 7, 1927, at 9:00 A.M., the Ambassador Voykov and an official of the Embassy, Yurij Grigorowicz, arrived at the main station in Warsaw. They were there to meet
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1415:[Genuine Russian Georgian. The City head of Yalta Maj. Gen. Ivan Dumbadze] (in Russian). Сайт православного информационного агентства «Русская линия».
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of industrial plants led to the disintegration of normal economic ties. In order to supply the cities with food, the Soviets resorted to the brutal policy of
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of 1917, he returned to Russia with his wife and son, though not in the same sealed carriage with Lenin, as it was often claimed, but together with
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and fought in the ranks of the self-defense squad. Voykov also was a member of the fighting squad of local social-democrats after moving to Yalta.
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and, although he was not yet a Bolshevik, he remained a Menshevik-Internationalist during the First World War, actively spoke out against the "
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captured Perm and drove the Soviet forces from there, too. Voykov was summoned to Moscow and worked in the distribution department of
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Minister Plenipotentiary of the Soviet Union to the Polish Republic (1924–1927), he was assassinated in Warsaw by an anti-Bolshevik
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the publication of forged documents (for example, "Notebooks" of Stalin's non-existent nephew), as even his friends recognized.
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at Dumbadze, who was passing by in a carriage. Dumbadze was bruised and scratched, while the driver and adjutant were injured.
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to commute his sentence to 15 years. Kowerda was later amnestied and released after serving ten years on June 15, 1937.
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As a Commissar of Supply, Voykov signed orders for the distribution of sulfuric acid from the Yekaterinburg pharmacy.
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urged the authorities to remove the name of Voykov from national toponymy, but that has not materialized as of 2023.
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claimed that Voykov, in this position, was involved in repressions against the entrepreneurs of the Urals, stating:
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903:("Your Majesty"). According to Richard Pipes, the letters were written by a man with a "poor knowledge of French".
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1587:Следствие по делу об убийстве российской императорской семьи. Историографический и археографический очерк
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the chest, and once in the left shoulder. The wound to the chest ruptured Voykov's left lung, causing an
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1638:Из рассказа Я. М. Юровского о расстреле царской семьи на совещании старых большевиков в г. Свердловске
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Nina Stuzhynskaya, Belarus Rebellious: From History of Armed Anti-Soviet Resistance: 1920s p. 293, 295
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Moscow disputes over metro station named after Royal Family murderer :: Russia-InfoCentre
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and Voykov continued his work there. Five months later, on December 25, the troops of admiral
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The role of Voykov in the regicide was fully investigated by the commission set up after
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In 1907 Voykov left Russia on the passport of his classmate. In March 1908 he arrived in
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Voykov became involved in revolutionary activity at a young age. He studied at the same
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until July 1919, when he was sent to work in Central Union of Consumer Cooperatives (
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1222:Международный институт генеалогических исследований. Программа «Российские династии»
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It appears that these letters were not written by Voykov himself, but by one of the
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From the autumn of 1906, the duties of the mayor in Yalta were performed by General
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The brother of Pyotr Voykov, whose name was Pavel, committed suicide in March 1906
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According to the memoirs of Grigory Besedovsky, a Soviet Diplomat who defected to
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On returning to Russia, Voykov became a Commissar of the Ministry of Labor of the
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After the fall of Yekaterinburg on July 26, 1918, the Ural Soviet evacuated to
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1804:"Dumping Oils: Soviet Art Sales and the Soviet-American Relations, 1928-1933"
734:. In September 1909 he entered the Physics and Mathematics Department of the
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1653:. Москва: Российская политическая энциклопедия (РОССПЭН). pp. 276–280.
1412:Истинно-русский грузин. Ялтинский градоначальник генерал-майор Иван Думбадзе
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Alexandrovskaya Men's Gymnasium, but he was soon expelled from there too.
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16 November] 1917 he was elected chairman of the Yekaterinburg
698:. On February 26, 1907, a bomb was thrown from the balcony of Novikov's
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However the coachman was wounded in his eye and the adjutant in the leg
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On October 26, 1920, Voykov was appointed a member of the board of the
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75 rocznica podpisania w Moskwie polsko-sowieckiego paktu o nieagresji
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Tatiana F. Faberzhe; Valentin V. Skurlov; Lynette G. Proler (1997).
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The Soviet authorities cherished his memory, giving his name to the
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1081:, Soviet envoy at the Conference of Lausanne, assassinated in 1923
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782:. There he soon joined the Bolshevik faction and was a member of
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is not known, but a period between 1903 and 1905 is assumed. The
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1384:] (in Russian). Moscow: Новости. p. 811. Archived from
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626:. The vast majority of historians, however, deny these claims.
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Anna Geifman (1995). "Terrorism in Practice: The Mensheviks".
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August 1] 1888 – June 7, 1927) was a Ukrainian
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Thou Shalt Kill: Revolutionary Terrorism in Russia, 1894-1917
1200:Колумбарий Новодевичьего монастыря (Войкова Милица Лазаревна)
1163:. Краткий биографический очерк. Симферополь: Крымиздат, 1959
1075:, Russian Consul to Kosovska Mitrovica, assassinated in 1903
1896:"United States Congressional Serial Set", 27 February 1956
1880:"The assassination with Vilnius backgruand - media.efhr.eu"
1649:Лыкова, Людмила (2007). "Приложение 4. Записка Юровского".
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in the next group, which arrived in Russia on May 9, 1917.
1971:] (in Russian). Simferopol: Крымиздат. Archived from
1697:"Станция преткновения. Войков не убивал царя и его семью"
1675:"Станция преткновения. Войков не убивал царя и его семью"
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1898:"Relief of John W Scholtes 1588 Relief of Boris Kowerda"
605:. His father, Lazar Petrovich Voykov, was expelled from
581:. The continued use of Voykov's name in modern Russia's
2030:, reprint, Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, 2005.
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1854:"Shot Down by Assassin—Soviet Ambassador at Warsaw",
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and was engaged in trade union activities. After the
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Soviet diplomat, politician, and regicide (1888–1927)
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Anti-religious campaign during the Russian Civil War
1087:, Russian ambassador to Turkey, assassinated in 2016
1069:, Russian ambassador to Persia, assassinated in 1829
890:. Later in memoirs and interviews in the 1960s, two
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known as one of the participants in the decision to
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1969:
Pyotr Lazarevich Voykov. A short biographical essay
1964:Пётр Лазаревич Войков. Краткий биографический очерк
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866:Voykov knew Nicholas Ipatiev, and had visited the
2455:Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg
1616:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 766.
1498:«Information about the activities of P.L. Voykov»
1049:, several streets and plants, and a coal mine in
870:before it was selected as the final residence of
2010:The Last Tsar: the Life and Death of Nicholas II
1720:"Сквозь смерть. Григорий Зиновьевич Беседовский"
1211:Ю. А. Жук. Вопросительные знаки в «Царском деле»
268:Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
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2624:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members
1956:(in Russian). Moscow: Политиздат. p. 214.
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2154:Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia
2059:Ekaterinburg: The Last Days of the Romanovs,
2002:, English edition, Hutchinson, London, 1966.
657:The exact date of Voykov's accession to the
609:, then graduated from teacher's seminary in
2549:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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2144:Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia
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841:. Russian academic, publicist, and former
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1549:King, Greg; Wilson, Penny (6 July 2014).
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690:Assassination attempt on Dumbadze in 1907
328:December 2, 1917 – July 26, 1918
223:Learn how and when to remove this message
205:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
2149:Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia
1523:Романовы. Последние дни Великой династии
718:for several months, and then emigrated.
288:November 8, 1924 – June 7, 1927
2159:Alexei Nikolaevich, Tsarevich of Russia
2139:Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia
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955:People's Commissariat for Food Supplies
630:Beginning of his revolutionary activity
2544:Burials at the Kremlin Wall Necropolis
2475:Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia
966:People's Commissariat of Foreign Trade
1154:Г. Н. Губенко «Пётр Лазаревич Войков»
808:From January to December 1918 he was
778:, Voykov left St. Petersburg for the
642:, one of the chief organizers of the
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1517:Владимир Хрусталев (16 April 2018).
88:adding citations to reliable sources
2460:Church of All Saints, Yekaterinburg
593:He was born August 13 1888 into a
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177:tone or style may not reflect the
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585:has been a cause of controversy.
34:This article has multiple issues.
2599:People of the Russian Revolution
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2497:
1950:Minister Plenipotentiary of USSR
1831:The Fabergé imperial Easter eggs
1519:"Екатеринбург. Новое пристанище"
795:Military Revolutionary Committee
622:origins, particularly among the
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187:guide to writing better articles
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64:
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2594:People of the Russian Civil War
2589:People of the Polish–Soviet War
2579:People from Taurida Governorate
1902:U.S. Government Printing Office
607:St. Petersburg Mining Institute
489:Execution of the Romanov family
75:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
2619:Russian people murdered abroad
1945:Полномочный представитель СССР
1610:Richard Pipes (13 July 2011).
1341:. Princeton University Press.
538:: Пётрусь and Интеллигент, or
1:
2629:Soviet people murdered abroad
2604:Poland–Soviet Union relations
2539:Assassinated Soviet diplomats
708:Socialist Revolutionary Party
2104:Murder of the Romanov family
793:he joined the Yekaterinburg
459:Adelaide Abramovna Belenkina
2554:Deaths by firearm in Poland
1942:Zhukovsky, Nikolay (1968).
1860:"RUSSIA: Nest of Murderers"
616:Institute for Noble Maidens
570:the former Russian Emperor
527:
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2470:Romanov Family Association
1834:. Christie's. p. 67.
665:points out that he was a "
2584:People murdered in Poland
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1802:Williams, Robert (1977).
1022:President of the Republic
858:Execution of the Romanovs
712:St. Petersburg University
663:Great Soviet Encyclopedia
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393:Manner of death
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2634:Assassinated ambassadors
2609:Regicides of Nicholas II
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1944:
1741:"Убийство Царской Семьи"
1585:Лыкова, Людмила (2007).
1552:The Fate of the Romanovs
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1382:The three last autocrats
1377:Три последних самодержца
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574:and his family members.
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2614:Russian revolutionaries
2325:Mikhail Medvedev-Kudrin
2000:The End of the Romanovs
1961:Gubenko, Gitel (1959).
1856:Wellington Evening Post
1575:Helen Rappaport, p. 120
1374:Bogdanovich A. (1990).
1282:"Войков Петр Лазаревич"
1055:Russian Orthodox Church
988:occurred in 1930–1933.
797:. 2 December [
762:Activities in the Urals
548:) (August 13 [
528:Petro Lazarovych Voikov
501:Pyotr Lazarevich Voykov
407:Kremlin Wall Necropolis
346:Pyotr Lazarevich Voykov
181:used on Knowledge (XXG)
2450:List of Russian saints
2294:Yevgeni Preobrazhensky
2028:Nicholas and Alexandra
1613:The Russian Revolution
1525:. АСТ. pp. 462–.
1190:, pp. 16, 18, 42.
855:
768:Provisional Government
648:Alexander II of Russia
597:family in the city of
517:Петро Лазарович Войков
467:Pavel Petrovich Voykov
185:See Knowledge (XXG)'s
2259:Alexander Beloborodov
2128:Nicholas II of Russia
1125:Керчь — это мой город
872:Nicholas II of Russia
677:The explosion in 1906
509:Пётр Лазаревич Войков
487:Participation in the
2564:Naming controversies
2254:Filipp Goloshchyokin
2134:Alexandra Feodorovna
1928:at www.russia-ic.com
1858:, 8 June 1927, p. 9
1067:Alexander Griboyedov
941:Activities in Moscow
736:University of Geneva
478:University of Geneva
84:improve this article
2012:, Doubleday, 1992.
1998:Victor Alexandrov,
1233:«Voykov and others»
1137:"Именной Указатель"
1073:Grigoriy Shcherbina
1006:internal hemorrhage
899:("you") instead of
843:Minister of Culture
748:February Revolution
738:. In Geneva he met
603:Taurida Governorate
363:Taurida Governorate
2374:October Revolution
2370:Russian Revolution
2274:Nikolay Tolmachyov
1904:, 27 February 1956
1718:К. Д. Померанцев.
1699:. 18 November 2015
1677:. 18 November 2018
1503:2012-05-27 at the
1440:, pp. 24, 33.
1159:2015-11-17 at the
1037:Voykovsky District
821:and the policy of
791:October Revolution
2574:People from Kerch
2511:
2510:
2485:Romanov impostors
2380:Russian Civil War
2348:
2347:
2249:Felix Dzerzhinsky
2220:
2219:
2067:978-0-099-52009-2
1841:978-0-903432-48-1
1792:, pp. 76–80.
1756:, pp. 69–72.
1660:978-5-8243-0826-6
1623:978-0-307-78857-3
1596:978-5-8243-0826-6
1532:978-5-457-44915-2
1488:, pp. 25–29.
1476:, pp. 68–70.
1464:, pp. 42–52.
1452:, pp. 38–41.
1428:, pp. 23–27.
1364:, pp. 12–13.
1325:, pp. 21–22.
1271:, pp. 16–19.
1247:, pp. 13–14.
998:Arkady Rosengolts
847:Vladimir Medinsky
525:
498:
497:
233:
232:
225:
215:
214:
207:
179:encyclopedic tone
160:
159:
152:
134:
57:
2641:
2501:
2500:
2289:Gavril Myasnikov
2284:Fyodor Lukoyanov
2229:
2115:
2097:
2090:
2083:
2074:
2043:
2024:Robert K. Massie
2006:Edvard Radzinsky
1983:
1981:
1980:
1957:
1955:
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1308:
1302:
1301:, pp. 9–12.
1296:
1290:
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1259:, p. 13-14.
1254:
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1105:
1102:
1079:Vatslav Vorovsky
968:. Together with
640:Andrei Zhelyabov
530:
520:
518:
510:
379:
355:
353:
337:Personal details
326:
313:Chairman of the
308:Dmitry Bogomolov
305:
298:Leonid Obolensky
295:
286:
258:
248:
235:
228:
221:
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199:
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189:for suggestions.
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2480:Provender House
2428:
2344:
2315:Grigory Nikulin
2298:
2264:Boris Didkovsky
2216:
2194:
2190:Ivan Kharitonov
2163:
2106:
2101:
2055:Helen Rappaport
2041:
1990:
1988:Further reading
1978:
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1109:
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1103:
1099:
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1063:
1033:
1025:Ignacy Mościcki
994:
978:Kremlin Armoury
943:
926:Admiral Kolchak
860:
828:prodrazvyorstka
823:nationalization
819:two revolutions
764:
724:
692:
679:
632:
591:
450:Communist Party
448:
439:
428:Political party
381:
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356:August 13, 1888
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2569:Old Bolsheviks
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2365:Russian Empire
2362:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2340:Alexey Kabanov
2337:
2335:Stepan Vaganov
2332:
2330:Pavel Medvedev
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2310:Yakov Yurovsky
2306:
2304:
2300:
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2271:
2269:Georgy Safarov
2266:
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2256:
2251:
2246:
2244:Yakov Sverdlov
2241:
2239:Vladimir Lenin
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2003:
1996:
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1906:
1889:
1886:. 7 June 2013.
1868:
1866:, 20 June 1927
1847:
1840:
1820:
1794:
1790:Zhukovsky 1968
1782:
1778:Zhukovsky 1968
1770:
1758:
1754:Zhukovsky 1968
1746:
1739:Соколов Н. А.
1731:
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1622:
1602:
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1474:Zhukovsky 1968
1466:
1462:Zhukovsky 1968
1454:
1450:Zhukovsky 1968
1442:
1438:Zhukovsky 1968
1430:
1426:Zhukovsky 1968
1418:
1401:
1366:
1354:
1347:
1327:
1323:Zhukovsky 1968
1315:
1303:
1291:
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1269:Zhukovsky 1968
1261:
1257:Zhukovsky 1968
1249:
1245:Zhukovsky 1968
1237:
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1203:
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1188:Zhukovsky 1968
1180:
1176:Zhukovsky 1968
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1128:
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993:
990:
942:
939:
908:Yakov Yurovsky
859:
856:
763:
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740:Vladimir Lenin
723:
720:
706:units" of the
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99:"Pyotr Voykov"
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32:
31:
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22:
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2419:Ipatiev House
2417:
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2414:Yekaterinburg
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2180:Anna Demidova
2178:
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2175:Eugene Botkin
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2046:
2040:
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2036:1-57912-433-X
2033:
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2022:
2019:
2018:0-385-42371-3
2015:
2011:
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2001:
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1995:
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1975:on 2015-11-17
1974:
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1864:Time Magazine
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1809:
1808:Wilson Center
1805:
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1779:
1774:
1771:
1768:, p. 31.
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1398:
1388:on 2016-09-16
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1348:0-691-02549-5
1344:
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1316:
1313:, p. 12.
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1178:, p. 12.
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1086:
1085:Andrei Karlov
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1030:
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992:Assassination
991:
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869:
868:Ipatiev House
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644:assassination
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2185:Alexei Trupp
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2529:1927 deaths
2524:1888 births
2424:Ganina Yama
2409:Ural Soviet
2042:(in Polish)
1409:Иванов, А.
1046:Voikovskaya
1014:Polish Army
970:Maxim Gorky
834:prodotryads
831:when armed
756:Lunacharsky
732:Switzerland
638:from which
572:Nicholas II
545:Intelligent
414:Nationality
294:Preceded by
247:Пётр Войков
2559:Mensheviks
2518:Categories
2445:New Martyr
2404:Red Terror
2353:Background
2232:Organizers
1979:2017-02-04
1725:2018-07-13
1392:2018-07-16
1112:References
930:White Army
845:of Russia
776:Bolsheviks
744:defencists
722:Emigration
589:Early life
473:Alma mater
445:Bolsheviks
352:1888-08-13
110:newspapers
39:improve it
2168:Entourage
982:Hermitage
815:Great War
810:Commissar
803:City Duma
772:July Days
667:Menshevik
636:Gymnasium
624:far right
595:Ukrainian
554:Bolshevik
522:romanized
513:Ukrainian
484:Known for
436:Menshevik
324:In office
317:City Duma
284:In office
45:talk page
2503:Category
2360:Regicide
2132:Empress
2126:Emperor
2119:Romanovs
1501:Archived
1157:Archived
1061:See also
1043:station
892:Chekists
888:Chekists
696:Dumbadze
583:toponymy
564:diplomat
464:Children
409:, Moscow
140:May 2009
2111:Victims
1884:efhr.eu
1813:18 July
1703:17 July
1681:17 July
1141:geno.ru
1051:Ukraine
980:or the
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611:Tiflis
568:murder
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422:Soviet
387:Poland
383:Warsaw
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1380:[
1092:Notes
881:Cheka
780:Urals
700:dacha
671:RSDLP
659:RSDLP
652:Yalta
599:Kerch
533:party
441:RSDLP
432:RSDLP
359:Kerch
131:JSTOR
117:books
2384:Reds
2199:Pets
2063:ISBN
2032:ISBN
2014:ISBN
1836:ISBN
1815:2018
1705:2018
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1655:ISBN
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1343:ISBN
947:Perm
897:vous
799:O.S.
754:and
559:and
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373:Died
342:Born
103:news
2212:Joy
2049:PAP
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