638:, allowing for an increase in maximum speed from 100 to 120 km/h and improving acceleration from 0.6 m/s² to 1.1 m/s². The electrical system upgrade included relocating the passenger compartment heaters from the roof to the undercarriage in the middle car and installing a microprocessor control system. The car bodies were also updated, including the installation of additional vertical handrails in the passenger compartments for those with larger hand luggage, tilting steps to facilitate boarding from lower platforms, and the removal of four pairs of passenger doors at the ends of the train. The removed doors were replaced with additional seating and two spaces for passengers with reduced mobility. Steps were added to the remaining doors, along with new ramps for disabled passengers. The external doors to the driver’s cabin were modernized, and the interior doors between the cabin and the passenger compartment were removed.
618:. This included the installation of a pulse start-up system, a new braking system, and improved cooling for the traction motors. The interior was upgraded with features like monitoring, forced-air heating, bike racks, pneumatically operated inter-car doors, and spaces for disabled passengers, including a ramp for easier boarding and an adapted closed-system toilet. The train also received a new front design, and the driver's cabins were modernized, including the installation of air conditioning. The modernization reduced the number of seats to 147, and the original plastic seats were replaced with green upholstered seats, similar to those in most Masovian Railways units. Following these updates, the units were reclassified as
467:-based pulse start-up system. For testing purposes, this system was installed in the EW58-018sa car in 1984, while the second powered car retained the resistor-based system. By 1988, after completing these tests, it was concluded that the thyristor system was not suitable for mass production, and the new units would continue to use the resistor-based start-up system. It was also decided that the production of the 6WEa version, developed under the Central Research and Development Program, would begin in 1993. By 1990, the plan to produce a prototype of this vehicle by 1993 was still in place, although there was consideration of bypassing this step and moving directly to producing a new generation of EMUs.
29:
553:
295:
451:, designated EW60). Subsequently, the centre began the actual design work. In 1980, the construction documentation for the 2WE unit was completed and handed over to the manufacturer. It was then planned that the 6WE unit's documentation would be completed the following year, but ultimately, this design was finalized in 1982. The mechanical part of the project was designed by engineer Perek, while the electrical part was designed by Eugeniusz Małecki.
443:, the Railway Scientific and Technical Centre, and the Northern and Central Regional Directorates of State Railways, the 2WE-100 variant was favored for its traction and energy consumption advantages. In March of the same year, Central Design Bureau prepared the construction assumptions for the new vehicle, which was to be developed in two versions: a regional version with toilets (type
70:
460:
an annual production of between 20 and 30 units thereafter. The 2WE units were scheduled to enter production starting in 1985. However, the country's economic difficulties led to significant delays from the original timeline. By 1986, two prototype 6WE units were under construction, with the manufacturer predicting their delivery for testing in the first half of 1987.
603:
655:
locomotive depot, where they underwent trial runs without passengers until
November 1993. Passenger service began on 17 November 1993, and continued until December 2000, when the units were taken out of service due to the need for an inspection repair. Instead of repairing the units, the decision was
478:
After the production of the two prototype units, Pafawag proposed to Polish State
Railways the production of 40 EW60 units with a resistor-based start-up system, with the possibility of later upgrading to a pulse system. However, Polish State Railways rejected this proposal. The production of the 2WE
684:
locomotive. In early 2006, Masovian
Railways conducted a tender for a major overhaul combined with modernization, which was won by Pesa. The repairs took place between August 2006 and 30 April 2007, with homologation trials conducted in April. A ceremonial presentation was held on 15 May 2007 at the
560:
The interior of the EW60 is open-plan and equipped with windbreaks. The train has 164 plastic seats arranged in a group seating layout. There are no toilets on board. The windows in the passenger area are divided into two sections – the lower section is larger to provide better visibility, while the
540:. Each car features four pairs of sliding passenger doors (with a width of 1,180 mm) on each side, along with additional doors providing direct access to the driver's cabins. The entrances are designed without steps to facilitate boarding from low platforms. The two units can be coupled together in
459:
In 1980, during the design phase, it was planned that the first three prototypes of the 6WE units would be ready for operation by the second quarter of 1983. Serial production was expected to begin at the
Pafawag plant between 1983 and 1985, with around 500 units to be produced by 1990, followed by
630:
On 13 July 2012, a tender was announced for a fourth-level maintenance overhaul, combined with another modernization of both units. However, the tender was canceled on 14 September 2012 because the lowest bid exceeded the budget of
Masovian Railways. A second tender with similar specifications was
336:
identified several flaws, the most significant being the quality of the prototype equipment and the high power consumption due to the increased number of motors and the way they were connected. However, the EW58 units were also recognized for their advantages, such as significantly better
573:
with a wheelbase of 2,500 mm and a wheel diameter of 1,000 mm. The middle car is supported by two powered 3MNd bogies, also with a wheelbase of 2,500 mm and a wheel diameter of 1,000 mm. The distance between the pivot points of each car is 15,040 mm.
435:
The design office, which authored these concepts, deemed the 3WE-100 variant as the most appropriate solution. Considering energy efficiency, the 2WE-100 variant was also considered, while the 2WE-6B variant was dismissed due to its outdated design.
1314:
589:
The EW60 is equipped with a resistor-based start-up system, Oerlikon electro-pneumatic brakes, and dynamic resistor brakes (without the ability to regenerate energy back to the overhead line).
1091:
Wierciński, Antoni, ed. (1988). "Dorobek i osiągnięcia Ośrodka
Badawczo-Rozwojowego Pojazdów Szynowych w Poznaniu oraz zamierzenia rozwojowe w zakresie unowocześnienia taboru szynowego".
897:
1307:
463:
As per the initial plans, the 6WE unit was developed with a resistor-based start-up system. Additionally, a more advanced version, the 6WEa, was designed with a
692:
Due to difficulties in servicing lower platforms, particularly on modernized routes, these units are not suitable for all routes operated by
Masovian Railways.
1300:
328:
During the production of the EW58 units, the idea emerged to build new EMUs that would address the initial critical feedback received from their operation.
2898:
1335:
1285:
986:
Borucki, Tadeusz; Sawicki, Dariusz (1981). "Aktualne i perspektywiczne zamierzenia przemysłu taboru kolejowego w zakresie budowy taboru pasażerskiego".
586:(types AKP-4E or 5ZL) mounted on the roof of the middle car. The power is used to drive four traction motors, mounted in pairs on the railcar’s bogies.
1153:
1048:
Geppert, Ryszard (1986). "Przyszłość produkcji taboru trakcji elektrycznej na tle perspektyw rozwoju
Fabryki Wagonów Pafawag". In Ciekot, Jerzy (ed.).
355:
807:
905:
470:
Ultimately, two prototype 6WE units were completed in 1990. The first unit, EW60-001, was finished on May 7, and the second, EW60-002, on July 5.
631:
announced on 8 February 2013, and a contract was signed on 25 April 2013 with a consortium consisting of Pesa and its Mińsk
Mazowiecki branch.
317:
undertook projects for new EMUs intended for both urban and long-distance services. During this period, designs for urban units of the 2WE and
1269:
1075:
337:
acceleration, a higher number of doors facilitating quick passenger exchange, and the absence of steps, which was a major issue with the
634:
During the overhaul, the start-up system was modernized by replacing the existing chopper start-up system with asynchronous motors and
686:
2908:
611:
341:
units used by Szybka Kolej
Miejska, especially for serving lower platforms than the 960 mm above rail level standard of Tricity.
53:
2903:
777:
Basek, Sławomir; Biliński, Janusz; Buta, Sylwester (2007). "Modernizacja elektrycznego zespołu trakcyjnego serii EW60 (6WEb)".
329:
270:
652:
313:
standards, were becoming increasingly outdated compared to foreign vehicles. As a result, during the 1960s and 1970s, the
1175:
2845:
2833:
2826:
325:
as the EW58 series, being prioritized for production. The 2WE project, however, was postponed for later consideration.
541:
1125:
2211:
1066:
Gąsowski, Włodzimierz; Durzyński, Zbigniew; Marciniak, Zygmunt (1995). "Polski zespół trakcyjny – typ 6WE (EW60)".
664:
purchased both units for 9.8 million PLN for Masovian Railways, which was struggling with rolling stock shortages.
34:
1340:
28:
1566:
1161:
657:
492:
The EW60 is a three-car, high-platform trainset designed for suburban passenger transport. The end cars are
142:
306:
258:
2839:
815:
322:
2225:
582:
The EW60 operates on 3,000 V DC supplied via an overhead line, with power collected by two symmetrical
2354:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2739:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2620:
2589:
1850:
1697:
1692:
1599:
661:
350:
2675:
2669:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2566:
2546:
2496:
2462:
2448:
2441:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2349:
2344:
2334:
2251:
1952:
1868:
1843:
1836:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1760:
1587:
615:
1966:
1279:
610:
Between 2006 and 2007, both EW60 units underwent a major overhaul combined with modernization at
2239:
2127:
2078:
2064:
2008:
1973:
2876:* Own classes - steam locomotive classes built specially for PKP order in Poland or abroad
2856:
2686:
2680:
2279:
2071:
2036:
1265:
1239:
1212:
1071:
1030:
961:
786:
740:
583:
497:
314:
278:
2661:
2265:
2258:
2134:
1106:
Wolfram, Tadeusz (1990). "Współczesne kierunki rozwoju elektrycznych zespołów trakcyjnych".
1021:
Dobrowolski, Maciej (1996). "Rozwój produkcji elektrycznych zespołów trakcyjnych w Polsce".
439:
On 7 January 1980, during a meeting attended by representatives from Central Design Bureau,
2851:
2791:
2786:
2750:
2744:
2734:
2709:
2704:
2411:
2406:
2169:
2148:
2001:
1987:
1795:
1749:
1743:
333:
274:
2584:
2559:
2552:
2529:
2513:
2507:
2502:
2474:
2468:
2455:
2434:
2427:
2339:
2329:
2232:
2218:
2197:
2183:
2176:
2113:
2106:
2085:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2029:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1754:
1736:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1664:
1658:
1653:
1647:
1640:
1633:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1606:
1593:
1580:
1573:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1505:
1499:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1477:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1445:
1439:
1433:
1427:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1397:
1390:
1384:
1378:
1371:
681:
635:
338:
318:
298:
1010:(in Polish). Poznań: Ośrodek Badawczo-Rozwojowy Pojazdów Szynowych. 1986. p. 461.
2892:
2599:
2524:
2305:
2298:
2292:
2286:
2272:
2162:
2141:
2120:
2015:
1980:
1924:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1829:
1822:
1707:
1510:
1095:(in Polish). Rydzyna: Politechnika Poznańska – Zakład Pojazdów Szynowych. p. 29.
209:
552:
2816:
2801:
2692:
2626:
2579:
2573:
2534:
2421:
2416:
2312:
2190:
2155:
2099:
2092:
2022:
1994:
1959:
1945:
1938:
1910:
1882:
1875:
1790:
1712:
1702:
1345:
988:
Kursokonferencja "Tabor kolejowy dla ruchu pasażerskiego. Konstrukcja i utrzymanie"
310:
199:
2781:
2519:
2480:
493:
2615:
294:
266:
63:
1243:
1216:
1034:
965:
790:
744:
2796:
2594:
2245:
1931:
1917:
1515:
1176:"Wymagania dla modernizacji M podczas naprawy poziomu 4 utrzymania EZT EW60"
660:
them, as many parts were compatible with the EW58 series. In late 2005, the
464:
261:
produced in Poland. They were manufactured in a quantity of 2 units at the
1292:
301:
unit, which served as the foundation for the development of the EW60 units
2698:
2490:
2204:
1530:
1052:(in Polish). Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Wrocławskiej. p. 85.
309:(EMUs) in operation in Poland, which had been designed according to pre-
1070:(in Polish). Poznań: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej. p. 31.
731:
Jacobson, Krystian (1996). "Elektryczne zespoły trakcyjne serii EW60".
525:
440:
262:
1264:. Encyklopedia taboru (in Polish) (1 ed.). Poznań: BWH Kolpress.
677:
673:
75:
447:, designated EN59) and a metropolitan version without toilets (type
1126:"Naprawa taboru kolejowego EW60 - informacja o wyniku postępowania"
1154:"Usługa naprawy z modernizacją 2 EZT EW60, znak: MWZ3-205-10-2013"
601:
570:
551:
360:
completed a concept that proposed four variants for the new unit:
293:
952:
Kucharski, Maciej (2007). "Zmodernizowane jednostki serii EW60".
2540:
2401:
1296:
877:
Terczyński, Paweł (2001). "Elektryczny zespół trakcyjny EW58".
602:
321:
types were developed, with the 3WE model, later designated by
651:
On 11 February 1993, both EW60 units were accepted into the
1260:
Kroma, Robert; Sosiński, Janusz; Zintel, Krzysztof (2012).
1114:. Warsaw: Wydawnictwa Komunikacji i Łączności: 49–50.
1006:"Jednostka elektryczna typu 6WE (404B; 302B; 405B)".
898:"Pociągi SKM są dla każdego. Zlikwidujmy ten odstęp"
277:
area. Since 2007, these units have been operated by
2815:
2608:
2394:
2387:
2322:
1860:
1728:
1721:
1558:
1523:
1364:
1357:
864:
847:
835:
208:
198:
190:
182:
174:
166:
151:
141:
133:
125:
117:
112:
97:
89:
81:
59:
49:
41:
21:
672:On 18 December 2005, both units were towed from
351:Central Design Bureau for Railway Rolling Stock
33:EW60-002 after the second modernization at the
1050:VI Krajowa Konferencja Naukowa Pojazdy Szynowe
556:Interior of EW60 after the first modernization
1308:
1262:Normalnotorowe wagony silnikowe PKP 1945–1990
814:(in Polish). 11 February 2013. Archived from
561:upper section features a small tilting pane.
8:
1160:(in Polish). 8 February 2013. Archived from
214:electrodynamic, pneumatic, electro-pneumatic
990:(in Polish). Poznań: Sigma. pp. 36–38.
496:(types 404B and 405B, later modernized for
2391:
1725:
1361:
1336:List of PKP locomotives and multiple units
1315:
1301:
1293:
18:
16:Electric multiple unit produced by Pafawag
1230:Trammer, Karol (2008). "Zakaz dla EW60".
362:
2869:Series withdrawn from service shown in
1093:VII Konferencja Naukowa Pojazdy Szynowe
700:
569:Each of the end cars rests on two 9ANd
315:Railway Scientific and Technical Centre
1284:: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (
1277:
606:EW60-002 after the first modernization
1061:
1059:
1001:
999:
997:
981:
979:
977:
975:
947:
945:
943:
941:
939:
937:
935:
726:
724:
7:
933:
931:
929:
927:
925:
923:
921:
919:
917:
915:
860:
858:
856:
831:
829:
827:
825:
802:
800:
772:
770:
768:
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
756:
754:
722:
720:
718:
716:
714:
712:
710:
708:
706:
704:
479:and 6WEa units was never initiated.
896:Jamroż, Michał (7 September 2010).
1203:Trammer, Karol (2007). "EW60 °C".
865:Kroma, Sosiński & Zintel (2012
848:Kroma, Sosiński & Zintel (2012
836:Kroma, Sosiński & Zintel (2012
687:Warszawa Wschodnia railway station
14:
2899:Electric multiple units of Poland
808:"Zabiorą dodatkowe drzwi w EW60"
257:) are standard-gauge, three-car
68:
27:
2879:** Foreign origin class
157:new: 1,000 mm (39 in)
1135:(in Polish). 14 September 2012
160:worn: 920 mm (36 in)
1:
1068:Elektryczne pojazdy trakcyjne
1023:Technika Transportu Szynowego
779:Technika Transportu Szynowego
524:), while the middle car is a
548:Interior and passenger space
544:, but only with each other.
178:129 t (284,000 lb)
904:(in Polish). Archived from
170:120 km/h (75 mph)
137:3,900 mm (150 in)
129:2,800 mm (110 in)
121:6,480 mm (255 in)
2925:
1346:Warsaw Metro rolling stock
1008:Katalog pojazdów szynowych
960:. Łódź: Emi-Press: 20–23.
785:. Łódź: Emi-Press: 44–53.
739:. Łódź: Emi-Press: 16–17.
147:1,180 mm (46 in)
35:Warszawa Zachodnia station
2865:
1341:PKP classification system
1328:
1185:(in Polish). 13 July 2012
349:On 20 November 1979, the
103:before modernization: 585
26:
2909:3000 V DC multiple units
372:Type of traction motors
106:after modernization: 577
1323:Rolling stock of Poland
1029:. Łódź: Emi-Press: 13.
542:multiple unit operation
307:electric multiple units
259:electric multiple units
251:, classified as series
2904:Pafawag multiple units
607:
578:Power supply and drive
557:
532:, later modernized as
305:In the mid-1960s, the
302:
45:electric multiple unit
2840:Alstom Metropolis 98B
605:
555:
426:LKf-450 (as in EN57)
412:LKa-435 (as in EW58)
323:Polish State Railways
297:
1108:Problemy Kolejnictwa
902:trojmiasto.gazeta.pl
662:Masovian Voivodeship
330:Szybka Kolej Miejska
271:Szybka Kolej Miejska
867:, pp. 258–266)
850:, pp. 249–255)
838:, pp. 267–270)
1183:mazowieckie.com.pl
1158:mazowieckie.com.pl
1133:mazowieckie.com.pl
608:
584:current collectors
558:
303:
2886:
2885:
2811:
2810:
2383:
2382:
1554:
1553:
1271:978-83-933257-3-3
1077:978-83-7143-160-9
812:rynek-kolejowy.pl
668:Masovian Railways
536:), designated as
508:), designated as
498:Masovian Railways
474:End of production
433:
432:
279:Masovian Railways
218:
217:
210:Braking system(s)
2916:
2392:
1861:Standard gauge**
1726:
1362:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1294:
1289:
1283:
1275:
1248:
1247:
1227:
1221:
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1038:
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983:
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868:
862:
851:
845:
839:
833:
820:
819:
804:
795:
794:
774:
749:
748:
728:
616:Mińsk Mazowiecki
369:Car arrangement
363:
359:
227:(with car types
74:
72:
71:
31:
19:
2924:
2923:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2889:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2861:
2852:Siemens Inspiro
2807:
2604:
2525:EN75/ER75/ED160
2379:
2318:
1856:
1729:Standard gauge*
1717:
1550:
1519:
1353:
1352:
1324:
1321:
1276:
1272:
1259:
1256:
1251:
1229:
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1201:
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1005:
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985:
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973:
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913:
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890:
876:
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871:
863:
854:
846:
842:
834:
823:
806:
805:
798:
776:
775:
752:
730:
729:
702:
698:
670:
649:
644:
636:power inverters
628:
600:
595:
580:
567:
550:
490:
485:
476:
457:
353:
347:
292:
287:
143:Platform height
69:
67:
37:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2922:
2920:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2891:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2857:Škoda Varsovia
2854:
2849:
2846:81-572.2/573.2
2842:
2837:
2830:
2827:81-717.3/714.3
2822:
2820:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2678:
2673:
2666:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2630:
2624:
2618:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2570:
2563:
2556:
2549:
2544:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2493:
2491:EN62/EN76/EN96
2488:
2483:
2478:
2471:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2431:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2398:
2396:
2389:
2388:Multiple units
2385:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2326:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2295:
2290:
2283:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2255:
2248:
2243:
2236:
2229:
2222:
2215:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2187:
2180:
2173:
2166:
2159:
2152:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2124:
2117:
2110:
2103:
2096:
2089:
2082:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2054:
2047:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1977:
1970:
1963:
1956:
1949:
1942:
1935:
1928:
1921:
1914:
1907:
1900:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1781:
1776:
1769:
1764:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1740:
1732:
1730:
1723:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1713:ET25/ET26/ET43
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1644:
1637:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1603:
1596:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1570:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1527:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1442:
1437:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1413:
1408:
1401:
1394:
1387:
1382:
1375:
1368:
1366:
1365:Standard gauge
1359:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1270:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1232:Z Biegiem Szyn
1222:
1205:Z Biegiem Szyn
1195:
1167:
1164:on 2014-02-22.
1145:
1117:
1098:
1083:
1076:
1055:
1040:
1013:
993:
971:
911:
908:on 2012-07-15.
888:
869:
852:
840:
821:
818:on 2013-02-13.
796:
750:
699:
697:
694:
669:
666:
648:
645:
643:
640:
627:
624:
599:
596:
594:
593:Modernizations
591:
579:
576:
566:
563:
549:
546:
489:
486:
484:
481:
475:
472:
456:
453:
431:
430:
427:
424:
421:
417:
416:
413:
410:
407:
403:
402:
399:
397:
394:
390:
389:
386:
384:
381:
377:
376:
375:Maximum speed
373:
370:
367:
346:
343:
291:
288:
286:
283:
216:
215:
212:
206:
205:
202:
196:
195:
192:
188:
187:
184:
180:
179:
176:
172:
171:
168:
164:
163:
162:
161:
158:
153:
152:Wheel diameter
149:
148:
145:
139:
138:
135:
131:
130:
127:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
113:Specifications
110:
109:
108:
107:
104:
99:
95:
94:
91:
87:
86:
83:
79:
78:
61:
57:
56:
51:
47:
46:
43:
39:
38:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2921:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2868:
2867:
2864:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2814:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2321:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2186:
2185:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2109:
2108:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1999:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1845:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1501:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1318:
1313:
1311:
1306:
1304:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1287:
1281:
1273:
1267:
1263:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1226:
1223:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1207:(in Polish).
1206:
1199:
1196:
1184:
1177:
1171:
1168:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1134:
1127:
1121:
1118:
1113:
1110:(in Polish).
1109:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1087:
1084:
1079:
1073:
1069:
1062:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1044:
1041:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1025:(in Polish).
1024:
1017:
1014:
1009:
1002:
1000:
998:
994:
989:
982:
980:
978:
976:
972:
967:
963:
959:
956:(in Polish).
955:
948:
946:
944:
942:
940:
938:
936:
934:
932:
930:
928:
926:
924:
922:
920:
918:
916:
912:
907:
903:
899:
892:
889:
884:
881:(in Polish).
880:
873:
870:
866:
861:
859:
857:
853:
849:
844:
841:
837:
832:
830:
828:
826:
822:
817:
813:
809:
803:
801:
797:
792:
788:
784:
781:(in Polish).
780:
773:
771:
769:
767:
765:
763:
761:
759:
757:
755:
751:
746:
742:
738:
735:(in Polish).
734:
727:
725:
723:
721:
719:
717:
715:
713:
711:
709:
707:
705:
701:
695:
693:
690:
688:
683:
679:
675:
667:
665:
663:
659:
654:
653:Gdynia Cisowa
646:
641:
639:
637:
632:
625:
623:
621:
617:
613:
604:
597:
592:
590:
587:
585:
577:
575:
572:
564:
562:
554:
547:
545:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
516:(control car
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
487:
482:
480:
473:
471:
468:
466:
461:
454:
452:
450:
446:
442:
437:
428:
425:
422:
419:
418:
414:
411:
408:
405:
404:
400:
398:
395:
392:
391:
387:
385:
382:
379:
378:
374:
371:
368:
365:
364:
361:
357:
352:
344:
342:
340:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
300:
296:
289:
284:
282:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
255:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
213:
211:
207:
203:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
167:Maximum speed
165:
159:
156:
155:
154:
150:
146:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
111:
105:
102:
101:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
77:
65:
62:
58:
55:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
30:
25:
20:
2870:
2844:
2832:
2825:
2749:
2668:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2572:
2565:
2558:
2551:
2539:
2512:
2495:
2485:
2473:
2461:
2454:
2447:
2440:
2433:
2426:
2323:Narrow gauge
2311:
2304:
2297:
2285:
2278:
2271:
2264:
2257:
2250:
2238:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2154:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2084:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1986:
1979:
1972:
1965:
1958:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1930:
1923:
1916:
1909:
1902:
1895:
1888:
1881:
1874:
1867:
1849:
1842:
1835:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1800:
1783:
1771:
1759:
1742:
1735:
1670:
1663:
1646:
1639:
1632:
1605:
1598:
1586:
1579:
1572:
1565:
1524:Narrow gauge
1498:
1476:
1444:
1432:
1415:
1403:
1396:
1389:
1377:
1370:
1261:
1254:Bibliography
1235:
1231:
1225:
1208:
1204:
1198:
1187:. Retrieved
1182:
1170:
1162:the original
1157:
1148:
1137:. Retrieved
1132:
1120:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1092:
1086:
1067:
1049:
1043:
1026:
1022:
1016:
1007:
987:
957:
953:
906:the original
901:
891:
882:
878:
872:
843:
816:the original
811:
782:
778:
736:
732:
691:
671:
650:
633:
629:
619:
609:
588:
581:
568:
559:
537:
533:
529:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
494:control cars
491:
483:Construction
477:
469:
462:
458:
448:
444:
438:
434:
348:
327:
311:World War II
304:
269:in 1990 for
253:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
219:
204:0.8–1.1 m/s²
200:Acceleration
191:Power output
118:Train length
90:Number built
50:Manufacturer
954:Świat Kolei
879:Świat Kolei
733:Świat Kolei
658:cannibalize
614:factory in
354: [
265:factory in
221:Pafawag 6WE
183:Engine type
82:Constructed
2893:Categories
2834:81-572/573
1189:2024-08-12
1139:2024-08-12
696:References
642:Operations
565:Underframe
455:Production
42:Stock type
2402:14WE/EN61
2259:Tr201/203
2212:Tp102/104
1280:cite book
1244:1896-4079
1217:1896-4079
1035:1232-3829
966:1234-5962
791:1232-3829
745:1234-5962
626:2012–2014
598:2006–2007
465:thyristor
429:100 km/h
415:100 km/h
401:100 km/h
388:120 km/h
2395:Electric
1559:Electric
656:made to
406:2WE-100
393:3WE-100
380:3WE-120
194:4×206 kW
98:Capacity
60:Assembly
2871:italics
1211:: 4–5.
647:Tricity
526:railcar
441:Pafawag
420:2WE-6B
334:Tricity
290:Origins
285:History
275:Tricity
273:in the
267:Wrocław
263:Pafawag
186:LKa-435
64:Wrocław
54:Pafawag
2627:MR/MRD
2609:Diesel
2135:TKp101
1358:Diesel
1268:
1242:
1215:
1074:
1033:
964:
789:
743:
680:by an
678:Warsaw
674:Gdynia
571:bogies
528:(type
423:r+s+r
409:r+s+r
396:s+d+s
383:s+d+s
345:Design
175:Weight
134:Height
76:Poland
73:
2817:Metro
2802:VT627
2797:SA139
2792:SA138
2787:SA137
2782:SA136
2777:SA135
2772:SA134
2767:SA133
2762:SA132
2757:SA131
2751:SA110
2745:SA109
2740:SA108
2735:SA107
2730:SA106
2725:SA105
2720:SA104
2715:SA103
2710:SA102
2705:SA101
2600:ED250
2595:ED161
2590:EN100
2266:Tr202
2128:TKp11
1918:OKl12
1851:Ty246
1796:TKt48
1791:TKh49
1750:OKz32
1744:OKl27
1722:Steam
1708:EU160
1516:SU160
1238:: 2.
1179:(PDF)
1129:(PDF)
885:: 33.
534:302Bb
506:405Bb
502:404Bb
366:Type
358:]
249:405Bb
245:302Bb
241:404Bb
126:Width
2819:cars
2699:SD85
2693:SN84
2687:SN83
2681:SN82
2676:SN81
2670:SN80
2662:SD80
2655:SN61
2648:SN60
2641:SN52
2634:SN51
2616:222M
2585:EN97
2580:EN95
2574:EN94
2567:EW92
2560:EW91
2553:EW90
2547:EN81
2541:EN80
2535:ED78
2530:EN77
2520:ED74
2514:ED73
2508:ED72
2503:EN71
2497:ED70
2486:EW60
2481:ED59
2475:EW58
2469:EN57
2463:EN56
2456:EW55
2449:EW54
2442:EW53
2435:EW52
2428:EW51
2422:36WE
2417:35WE
2412:33WE
2407:19WE
2375:Tx26
2370:Tx23
2365:Tw53
2360:Tw47
2350:Px49
2345:Px48
2340:Px38
2335:Px29
2330:Px27
2280:Tw12
2252:Tr20
2246:Tr12
2240:Tr11
2205:Tp15
2170:TKw2
2163:TKw1
2156:TKt3
2149:TKt2
2142:TKt1
2121:TKp1
2114:TKi3
2107:TKi1
2100:TKh2
2093:TKh1
2086:Ti17
2079:Ti16
2072:Ti12
2065:Ti11
2037:Th24
2009:Pn12
1974:Pf12
1932:Ol12
1925:OKo1
1911:OKl2
1904:OKi2
1897:OKi1
1844:Ty51
1837:Ty45
1830:Ty43
1823:Ty42
1816:Ty37
1809:Ty23
1802:Tr21
1785:Pu29
1779:Pt47
1773:Pt31
1767:Pm36
1761:Os24
1755:Ol49
1737:Ok22
1703:EU47
1698:EU45
1693:EU44
1688:EU43
1683:ET42
1678:ET41
1672:EP40
1665:ET40
1659:ET22
1654:ET21
1648:EU20
1641:EU11
1634:EM10
1628:EP09
1623:EP08
1618:EU07
1613:EP07
1607:EU06
1600:EU05
1594:EP05
1588:EU04
1581:EP03
1574:EP02
1567:EP01
1546:Lxd2
1541:Lyd2
1536:Lyd1
1511:ST48
1506:SM48
1500:SP47
1494:SU46
1489:SU45
1484:ST45
1478:SP45
1472:ST44
1467:ST43
1462:SU42
1457:SP42
1452:SM42
1446:SM41
1440:ST40
1434:SM40
1428:SP32
1423:SM31
1417:SP30
1411:SM30
1405:SM25
1398:SM15
1391:SM04
1385:SM03
1379:SM02
1372:SM01
1286:link
1266:ISBN
1240:ISSN
1213:ISSN
1072:ISBN
1031:ISSN
962:ISSN
787:ISSN
741:ISSN
682:ET22
620:6WEb
612:Pesa
530:302B
520:and
512:and
504:and
488:Body
339:EN57
299:EW58
254:EW60
239:and
237:405B
233:302B
229:404B
225:6WEb
223:and
85:1990
22:EW60
2621:810
2355:T49
2313:Ty5
2306:Ty4
2299:Ty3
2293:Ty2
2287:Ty1
2273:Tw1
2233:Tr6
2226:Tr5
2219:Tr1
2198:Tp4
2191:Tp3
2184:Tp2
2177:Tp1
2058:Ti4
2051:Ti2
2044:Ti1
2030:Th3
2023:Th1
2016:Pt1
2002:Pm3
1995:Pm2
1988:Pk2
1981:Pk1
1967:Pf1
1960:Pd5
1953:Pd4
1946:Pd1
1939:Ot1
1890:Ok1
1883:Oi2
1876:Oi1
1869:Od2
1531:Ld1
1112:108
783:5–6
676:to
500:as
449:6WE
445:2WE
332:in
319:3WE
2895::
2804:**
2701:**
2695:**
2689:**
2683:**
2665:**
2629:**
2623:**
1282:}}
1278:{{
1234:.
1181:.
1156:.
1131:.
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996:^
974:^
914:^
900:.
855:^
824:^
810:.
799:^
753:^
703:^
689:.
622:.
514:rb
510:ra
356:pl
281:.
66:,
2873:.
1316:e
1309:t
1302:v
1288:)
1274:.
1246:.
1236:1
1219:.
1209:4
1192:.
1142:.
1080:.
1037:.
1027:5
968:.
958:7
883:1
793:.
747:.
737:4
538:s
522:b
518:a
247:+
243:+
235:+
231:+
93:2
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