Patrol torpedo boat PT-109 - Knowledge (XXG)

1631:. Kevu sent another scout to inform Evans, north on Kolombangara Island, of the discovery. Gasa and Kumana departed Wana Wana with scout John Kari in a better canoe given them by Kevu, carrying both Thom's and Kennedy's messages to a military outpost on Roviana Island, close to the PT Rendova base in a total of fifteen hours by paddling their canoe all night through 38 mi (61 km) of rough seas and hostile waters patrolled by the Japanese. From the content of the messages, it is clear both Thom and Kennedy trusted the coastwatchers with their lives, as neither message contained the exact coordinates of their location, nor the name of Olasana Island. Traveling in an arranged boat, Gasa and Kumana were at last sent south to the PT base at Rendova from Roviana Island, a distance of only 3 miles (4.8 km), with Gasa still clutching the coconut. Around 6 August, after speaking to Kevu about the eleven found on Olasana, Evans sent a canoe with fresh fish, yams, potatoes, corned beef hash, and rice to Kennedy and his crew with a message to return to him on Kolumbangara's Gomu Island in the canoe immediately. Kennedy followed this request and was the only one of his crew to go, since there were many Japanese planes flying above and the coast watchers' station was on the Japanese-occupied island of Wana Wana. Kennedy was instructed to lie underneath palm fronds in the canoe so he would not be spotted by Japanese planes. It was not until the morning of 7 August that Evans was able to radio Rendova to confirm the news that Kennedy and his crew had been discovered. 725:(LTJG). In September 1942, Joseph Kennedy had secured PT Lieutenant Commander John Bulkeley's help in placing his son in the PT boat's service and enrolling him in their training school, after meeting with Bulkeley in a New York Plaza suite near his office at Rockefeller Plaza. Nonetheless, Bulkeley would not have recommended John Kennedy for PT boat training if he did not believe he was qualified to be a PT captain. In an interview with Kennedy, Bulkeley was impressed with his appearance, communication skills, grades at Harvard, and awards received in small boat competitions, particularly while a member of Harvard's sailing team. Exaggerated claims by Bulkeley about the effectiveness of the PTs in combat against larger craft allowed him to recruit top talent, raise war bonds, and cause overconfidence among squadron commanders who continued to pit PTs against larger craft. But many in the Navy knew the truth; his claims that PTs had sunk a Japanese cruiser, a troopship, and a plane tender in the Philippines were false. Kennedy completed his PT training in Rhode Island on 1462:

PT boat. On 4 August, he and Lenny Thom assisted his injured and hungry crew on a demanding swim 3.75 miles (6.04 km) south to Olasana Island which was visible to all from Plum Pudding Island. They swam against a strong current, and once again, Kennedy towed McMahon by his life vest. They were pleased to discover Olasana had ripe coconuts, though there was still no fresh water. On the following day, 5 August, Kennedy and George Ross swam for one hour to Naru Island, visible at an additional distance of about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) southeast, in search of help and food and because it was closer to Ferguson Passage where Kennedy might see or swim to a passing PT boat on patrol. Kennedy and Ross found a small canoe, packages of crackers and candy, and a fifty-gallon drum of drinkable water left by the Japanese, which Kennedy paddled back to Olasana in the acquired canoe to provide his crew. It was then that Kennedy first spoke to native

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war. A few other PTs, including the leader of Division A to the south of Kennedy, intercepted the destroyers on their southbound route close to Kolombangara, but were unable to hit any with torpedoes. The boats were radioed by Warfield to return when their torpedoes were expended, but the four boats with radar fired their torpedoes first and were ordered to return to base. Commander Warfield's concept of sending orders to the PTs in darkness by radio from 40 miles (64 km) away and without a view of the battle, was inefficient at best. The radar sets the four boats carried were relatively primitive, and sometimes malfunctioned. When the four boats with radar left the scene of the battle, the remaining boats, including

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the end of the war. A major issue was that even in the unlikely instance they hit their target, they rarely detonated, even when they hit at a 90-degree angle, perpendicular to their target. Also noteworthy, was that the torpedoes were slow, travelling at only 28 knots, thoroughly unable to catch faster-moving Japanese vessels. In contrast, the Japanese Type 93 destroyer torpedo, later called the "Long Lance", was faster at 45 knots (83 km/h; 52 mph), had an accurate range of 20,000 yards (18,000 m), was far more powerful with 1,000 pounds (450 kg) of high explosives, and unlike the Mark 8, its detonator usually worked when it hit a target.

5026: 1147:, and roughly half of these were fired at the four advancing Japanese destroyers protected by Japanese float planes. The Navy's official report of the incident listed 5–6 torpedo explosions reaching the destroyer targets, but none, in fact, were actual torpedo hits. Of the twenty-four torpedoes fired by PT boats from eight PTs, not a single hit was scored against the advancing destroyers. Though each division of PTs was assigned a location likely to intercept the destroyers, several of those without radar cruised about aimlessly in the fog and darkness, unable to locate the enemy ships. 1067: 5033: 78: 1419: 618: 1945:. When they found Captain Hanami, Kennedy wrote him a heartfelt letter on 15 September 1952, with wishes of good fortune for him and for long-term peace between Japan and the United States. The two became friends, and Hanami subsequently went into politics in 1954, being elected as councilman of Shiokawa, and later as mayor in 1962. Hanami hoped to meet Kennedy on his next visit to Japan, and though the meeting never took place, the United States and Japan remained close allies. Years later, 703: 1711: 1160: 1855:, he had rescued two downed American pilots who parachuted into the sea. Kumana noted that Kennedy visited him several times while still stationed at Rendova and always brought trinkets to swap. Kumana lived atop a cliff on his native island with his extended family. His most prized possession was a bust of President Kennedy later given him by the Kennedy family. Kumana gave Roche a valuable family heirloom, a large piece of 4635: 4618: 5783: 4630: 4610: 1216:, after they had completed dropping their supplies and troops at 1:45 a.m. on the southern tip of Kolombangara. The official Navy account of the incident listed radio communications as good, but PT commanders were also told to maintain radio silence until informed of enemy sightings, causing many commanders to turn off their radios or not closely monitor their radio traffic, including Kennedy. 1599: 1143:, and were stationed the farthest north of the PT divisions, nearly midway up Kolombongara Island's western coast and around 6 miles (9.7 km) to the west. The "B" Division left Rendova first, leading the pack, as their station was the farthest from the Rendova base. Most of the divisions reached their station by 8:30 p.m. The fifteen PTs carried four torpedo tubes each, for a total of 687:'s influence to get into the war. In 1940, the U.S. Army's Officer Candidate School had rejected him as 4-F, for his bad back, ulcers and asthma. Kennedy's father persuaded his old friend Captain Allan Goodrich Kirk, USN, head of the Office of Naval Intelligence, to let a private Boston physician certify his son's good health. Kennedy started out in October 1941 prior to Pearl Harbor as an 1402:. No procedure had been specified by Commander Warfield for searching for survivors, or what the PT flotilla should do when a boat was lost. In the words of Captain Robert Bulkley, naval historian, "This was perhaps the most confused and least effectively executed action the PTs had been in. Eight PTs fired 30 torpedoes. The only confirmed results were the loss of 1229: 1859:, to place on the President's grave. (Among other uses, Kustom Money was used to pay tribute to a chief, especially by placing it on the chief's grave.) In November 2008, Roche placed the tribute on the President's grave in a private ceremony. The artifact was then taken to the Kennedy Library and placed on display beside the coconut with the rescue message. 942: 48: 1548:. Gasa and Kumana had been trained by the British and Australians in search and detection and were willing to sacrifice their lives as part of their duty to the British and American troops. Native coastwatchers were used because they could avoid detection by Japanese ships and aircraft and, if spotted, would probably be taken for native fishermen. 576:, omitted on most PTs, one on each side, about the same diameter and directly in front of the launchers. Though designed to be used against submarines, they were sometimes used to confuse and discourage pursuing destroyers. With Kennedy's squadron commander, Lt. Alvin Cluster, at the wheel in storm conditions, 1649:, now convinced that PTs were unsuitable against Japanese destroyers, sent six U.S. Navy destroyers equipped with more advanced radar to intercept the "Tokyo Express", again on their frequent run to Kolombangara Island. This time, the U.S. forces succeeded and sank four Japanese destroyers, two of which, the 450: 1552:

chance, Gasa and Kumana stopped by Naru to investigate a Japanese wreck, from which they salvaged fuel and food. They first fled by canoe from Kennedy, who with his sunburn, beard, and disheveled clothing appeared to them to be a Japanese soldier. When they later arrived on Olasana, they pointed their

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On 6 August, Gasa and Kumana left Olasana and headed east, carrying the penciled note and Kennedy's coconut message ten nautical miles (12 mi; 19 km) to Wana Wana Island, south of Kolombangara and a quarter of the way to Kennedy's PT Naval base on Rendova Island. There they took little time

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torpedoes. They weighed 3,150 pounds (1,430 kg) each, with 386-pound (175 kg) warheads and gave the tiny boat a punch believed at the time to be effective even against armored ships. The Mark 8, however, was both inaccurate and ineffective until its detonator was recalibrated by the Navy at

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Though the 1963 movie depicted Kennedy offering a coconut inscribed with a message as his idea and the sole form of communication, it was Gasa who suggested it and Kumana who climbed a coconut tree to pick one. On the instructions of Gasa, Kennedy painstakingly scratched the following message on the

1477:, when Thom asked Gasa if he knew John Kari, and Gasa replied that he worked with him. Realizing they were with Americans, the coastwatchers brought a few yams, vegetables, and cigarettes from their dugout canoe and vowed to help the starving crew. But it would take two more days for a full rescue. 1430:

Kennedy was able to rescue MM1 Patrick McMahon, the crew member with the most severe wounds, which included burns that covered 70 percent of his body, and brought him to the floating bow. Kennedy also rescued Starkey and Harris, bringing them both to the bow. On instructions from Kennedy, the eleven

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was cut in two around 2:27 a.m., a fireball of exploding aviation fuel 100 feet (30 m) high caused the sea surrounding the ship to flame. Seamen Andrew Jackson Kirksey and Harold William Marney were killed instantly, and two other members of the crew were badly injured and burned when they

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to follow, leaving Kennedy and his crew behind in the darkness. All of Brantingham's torpedoes missed the destroyers, and his torpedo tubes caused a small fire, requiring Lieutenant Liebenow's PT, also in Kennedy's division, to swing in front of Brantingham's PT to block the light emitting from his

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had been ordered to sit on the northern approach to Kolombangara with seven American destroyers to ensure the Japanese were prevented from reinforcing their garrison, though he was not on station till 12:30 a.m. All four Japanese destroyers would evade his grasp, as they arrived one hour early,

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Top L to R: Ensign Al Webb, Leon Drawdy, Edger Mauer, Edmund Drewitch, John Maguire, John F. Kennedy. Bottom L to R: Charles Harris, Maurice Kowal, Andrew Kirksey, Ensign Lenny Thom. (Webb, Drewitch, Drawdy, and Kowal not aboard during collision. Barney Ross, Raymond Albert, William Johnston, Harold

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to Evans' base at Gomu Island, off Kolombangara. To avoid making a wake, Liebenow traveled at 10-15 knots, muffled his engines, and zigzagged to prevent being tracked by planes or shore batteries. The arranged signal when Liebenow picked up Kennedy on Gomu was four shots, but since Kennedy only had

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Plum Pudding Island was only 100 yards (91 m) in diameter, with no food or water. The exhausted crew dragged themselves behind the tree line to hide from passing Japanese barges. The night of 2 August, Kennedy swam 2 miles (3.2 km) to Ferguson Passage to attempt to hail a passing American

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Island's southern tip. America's sophisticated deciphering of the Japanese naval codes had contributed to the victory at the Battle of Midway, ten months earlier, and the same technology had been used to break their code and provide the report of the Japanese destroyers expected 1–2 August. Despite

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was frequently required to hit the torpedo's firing pin with a hammer to get one to launch. Kennedy and contemporary writers noted that torpedo mates and other PT crew were inadequately trained in aiming and firing the Mark 8 torpedoes, and were never informed of the torpedoes' ineffectiveness and

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had stalled because its muffler flaps had not first been opened when its engines had been throttled up. If, as radioman Maguire reported decades later, Kennedy signaled McMahon to speed up, it would have been McMahon's duty—and Kennedy's responsibility—first to open the flaps, which, in the other

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announced, "KENNEDY'S SON IS HERO IN PACIFIC AS DESTROYER SPLITS HIS BOAT". Other papers wrote "KENNEDY'S SON SAVES 10 IN PACIFIC", and "SHOT FROM RUSTY JAP GUN GUIDES KENNEDY RESCUERS". All the published accounts of the PT-109 incident made Kennedy the key player in rescuing all 11 crew members

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Many of the torpedoes that were fired exploded prematurely or ran at the wrong depth. The odds that a Mark 8 torpedo that made it to a destroyer would explode were less than 50%, due to faulty calibration of the detonators, a problem that was not known nor corrected by the Navy until later in the

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From their crude base on the northern tip of Rendova Island, on a small spit of land known as Lumbari, PT boats conducted daring and dangerous nightly operations, both to disturb the heavy Japanese barge traffic that was resupplying the Japanese garrisons in New Georgia, and to patrol the Ferguson

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bow section for 12 hours as it drifted slowly south. By about 1 p.m., on 2 August, it was apparent that the hull was taking on water and would soon sink, so the men decided to swim for land, starting around 1:30 p.m. As there were Japanese camps on all the nearby large islands including

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Kennedy invited both Gasa and Kumana to his inauguration, but the island authorities gave their trip to local officials instead. Kumana and Gasa made it to the airport in Honiara, but were turned back by Solomon Island officials on the grounds that their appearance and pidgin English would be an

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Before they were rescued by the scouts on 8 August, Kennedy and his men survived for six days on Plum Pudding and then Olasana Island. They had eaten only a few ripe coconuts, rainwater caught on leaves, and small amounts of fresh water and Japanese cookies Kennedy had taken from Naru Island. By

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were ordered to continue patrolling the area on orders previously radioed from Commander Warfield. The night was cloudy and moonless, and fog had set amidst the remaining PTs. Kennedy's boat was idling on one engine to avoid her phosphorescent wake being seen by Japanese aircraft when the crew

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Hubert Scott-Paine of the British Power Boat Company had developed Air Sea Rescue fast motor boats in the UK. He took his PT boat to Elco in 1939 as there was a shortage of suitable engines in the UK at the outbreak of war. British Powerboat Company continued production of his designs in Britain

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On 7 August, when the coastwatcher scouts carrying the coconut and paper message arrived at Rendova, PT Commander Warfield was at first skeptical of the messages and the trustworthiness of the native scouts Gasa and Kumana. After finally receiving Evans' radioed message of the discovery of the

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while the engines were idling put the vessel at risk from passing destroyers, but Kennedy had not been warned by radio of destroyers in the area. Kennedy believed the firing he had heard was from shore batteries on Kolombangara, not destroyers, and was focused on avoiding detection by enemy

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and made him a war hero. His father, Joseph Kennedy Sr., made sure that these articles were widely distributed, and that it was known that his son was a hero. The articles focused on Kennedy's role in the incident, omitting most of the contributions of Thom, the crew, and the coastwatchers.

888:. The Navy men stationed there also contended with cockroaches, rats, foot diseases, ear fungus, and mild malnutrition from the monotonous and mostly canned food. On his first desk assignment with the Navy after his return to the States, Kennedy suffered from the aftereffects of malaria, 518:

One naval officer explained that 90% of the time, when the button was pushed on the torpedo tube to launch a torpedo, nothing happened or occasionally the motor spun the propeller until the torpedo motor exploded in the tube, showering the deck with metal fragments. For safety, a

1681:, commanded by Kennedy's friend and former tentmate Lieutenant William Liebenow, for the rescue, as he and his crew were experienced and familiar with the area. Liebenow later said that his crew were chosen because they were "the best boat crew in the South Pacific." 2107:

and its unnamed captain from Massachusetts (whose speech and accent Ensign Parker imitate in one episode). In one episode, the boat's captain is the ultimate choice to be the face of a congresswoman's bond selling tour, and in the other, Captain Binghamton lists the

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At the end of July 1943, intelligence reports were received and decoded by Naval authorities at Kennedy's PT base on Rendova Island indicating that five enemy destroyers were scheduled to run the night of 1–2 August. The destroyers would cruise from the Solomon's

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in February 1943, while the squadron was in Jacksonville, Florida, preparing for transfer to the Panama Canal Zone. Still desperately seeking a combat assignment, and on his own volition, Lieutenant Kennedy then contacted family friend and crony, Massachusetts

1171:, leader of Kennedy's division, and originally stationed near Kennedy, first saw radar blips indicating the southbound destroyers just arriving on the scene, and fired his torpedoes from about 1 mile (1.6 km) away. As he advanced, he did not radio 494: 1472:

on Olasana Island. Months earlier, Kennedy had learned a smattering of the pidgin English used by the coastwatchers by speaking with a native boy. The two coastwatchers had finally been convinced by Ensign Thom that the crew were from the lost

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The stern section was not found, but a search using remote vehicles found the forward section, which had drifted south of the collision site. Much of the half-buried wreckage and grave site was left undisturbed in accordance with Navy policy.

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and other Elco PTs in the movie. Instead of the dark green paint used by PT boats in the Western Pacific theater during World War II, the film versions were painted the same gray color as contemporary U.S. naval vessels of the 1960s.

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incident aggravated Kennedy's ongoing health issues. It contributed to his back problems, until his symptoms eventually progressed to a point where they were incapacitating. The incident also contributed to his gastrointestinal problems.

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among them, motored from the PT base on Rendova around 6:30 p.m. on strict but cursory orders from Rendova's top brass, Commander Thomas Warfield. The combined PT task force was divided into four divisions of roughly four PTs each.

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Kennedy's message scratched on a coconut while he was on Naru, where he had spent some time from 4–7 August, was not the only communication given to the coastwatchers. A more detailed message was written by the executive officer of

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was less than a year old, it had seen heavy combat service since its arrival in the Pacific, and considerable repairs were required on the boat; leading by example, Kennedy pitched in to help the crew get his vessel seaworthy. On

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fired two more torpedoes that failed to hit their target as well, then both boats laid smoke from their smoke generator and zigzagged away to avoid detection. No signal of the destroyer's presence was ever radioed or received by

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To accommodate three engines in the boat's narrow beam (and improve weight distribution) they were staggered fore-and-aft, with the two outboard motors mounted with their output shafts facing forward and power transmitted through

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during World War II. They had strong wooden hulls, constructed of two layers of 1-inch (2.5 cm) mahogany planking, excellent for speed and reasonably adequate for seakeeping, but providing limited protection in combat.

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officer's account, were closed for quiet running. “t no time did ever officially or publicly acknowledge having sent a signal to the engine room to increase speed. … consistently played ignorant of any signal from Kennedy.”

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anti-aircraft machine guns at opposite corners of the open cockpit, and a smoke generator on the transom, operated as needed when engaging the enemy at close range. The boat's guns were used both offensively and defensively.

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southwest of where the bow section had drifted. They placed their lantern, shoes, and non-swimmers on one of the timbers that had been used as a gun mount and began kicking together to propel it. Kennedy, who had been on the

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gearboxes to their respective propeller shafts. The center engine was mounted forward of the outboard pair in a conventional orientation, with power transmitted directly from its output end to an extended propeller shaft.

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both to mask the engines' noise from the enemy and to improve the crew's chance of hearing enemy aircraft. These directed the exhaust underwater at idle and extremely low speeds and were bypassed for anything faster.

1042:, Motor Machinist's Mate 1/c (MM1) (Belleville, Illinois). Erroneously called "Gerald" in many publications, Zinser remained in the Navy for a career following the end of World War II, eventually retiring as a 1452:

swim team, used a life jacket strap clenched between his teeth to tow McMahon. It took four hours to swim to the island, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) away, which they reached without encountering sharks or crocodiles.

5838: 828:, Kennedy witnessed a fierce air strike that killed the ship's captain, and found Kennedy helping to hand shells to supply a large gun on board, giving him his first taste of battle. He arrived at Tulagi on 1026:, Motor Machinist's Mate 1/c (MM1) (Wyanet, Illinois). Only man in engine room during collision, was badly burned, but recovered from his wounds. Only member of the crew besides Kennedy mentioned by name in 1581:

in enemy action. Native knows our position & will bring P.T. Boat back to small islands of Ferguson Passage off NURU IS. A small boat (outboard or oars) is needed to take men off as some are seriously

565:, replacing a small, two-man life raft. Timbers used to secure the weapon to the deck later helped save their lives when used as a float while swimming over three miles to safety on an uninhabited island. 1111:

before Burke had reached his post. The resulting battle would become the largest use of PT boats in the war, and the results would not be promising for the future use of PTs against Japanese destroyers.

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found a torpedo tube from wreckage matching the description and location of Kennedy's vessel. The boat was identified by Dale Ridder, a weapons and explosives expert on the U.S. Marine Forensics Panel.

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were thrown into the flaming sea surrounding the boat. For such a catastrophic collision, explosion, and fire, there were few men lost compared to the losses on other PT boats hit by shell fire.

781:, granting Kennedy's previous "change-of-assignment" request to be sent to a squadron in the South Pacific. His actions were against the wishes of his father who had wanted a safer assignment. 2939: 5364: 1296:

was traveling at a relatively high speed of between 23 and 40 knots (43 and 74 km/h; 26 and 46 mph) in order to reach harbor by dawn, when Allied air patrols were likely to appear.

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and Kolombongara Islands to block or attack the anticipated enemy destroyers. The resulting skirmish, sometimes referred to as the "Battle of Blackett Strait," should not be confused with an

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and 14 other boats met with Commander Thomas G. Warfield to discuss the details of a mission to head north through a cut in the reefs known as Ferguson Passage, to Blackett Strait between

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volcano on Kolombangara; more than 10,000 Japanese troops were garrisoned below on the southeast portion. The Navy and its squadron of PT boats held a memorial service for the crew of

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accepted the post of Ambassador to Japan, holding the office from November 2013 to 18 January 2017, extending the positive relationship with Japan her father had begun after the war.

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was rammed and sunk by a Japanese destroyer earned him several commendations and made him a war hero. Back problems stemming from the incident required months of hospitalization at

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Most contemporary accounts of the incident, particularly the work of Mark Doyle, do not find Kennedy at fault for the collision. The lack of speed and maneuverability of

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Kennedy and his crew would have had less than ten seconds to get the engines up to speed to evade the oncoming destroyer, which was advancing without running lights.

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tie clasps to key supporters in his 1960 campaign, as well as to close friends and staff members. Replicas of the tie clasps are still sold to the public by the

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then motored the full crew and the coastwatcher scouts forty miles (64 km) back to the Rendova PT base where they could begin to receive medical attention.

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was a long process, largely achieved by the work of native Solomon Island scouts who first located Kennedy and his crew. The scouts were sent by Sub-lieutenant

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Despite having a chronically bad back and a history of other illnesses including abdominal pain and scarlet fever as an infant, John F. Kennedy used his father

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would travel ahead and radio Liebenow of any sightings of the enemy. Departing just after sunset from Rendova at 7:00 p.m. on 8 August, Liebenow motored

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to fire a torpedo and have Ensign George "Barney" Ross fire their newly installed 37 mm anti-tank gun from the bow at the oncoming northbound destroyer

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throughout the hostilities. The seakeeping qualities of boats and ease of construction matched to the available Packard engines made a perfect combination.

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crew, and facing overwhelming evidence that Kennedy had returned from the dead, he cautiously consented to risk two PTs to rescue them. Warfield selected

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depth charge was knocked through the foredeck unexpectedly by an inadvertent launch of the port forward torpedo. Cluster had asked Kennedy for a turn at

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Seeking to augment the boat's firepower (given the inaccuracy and unreliability of its torpedoes), the day before her final mission, Kennedy had the

5173: 4759: 2277: 1953: 5419: 5178: 4690: 5571: 5444: 5085: 1771: 1185:, or the other boat in the division, and skippers Brantingham and Liebenow headed blindly west to Gizo Island and away from the destroyers and 594:

s wheel, as he had only had experience with the older, Elco 77-foot (23 m) PTs. The torpedo stayed in the tube, half in and half out on a

2016:-class hulls in existence by that time (none in operable condition or resembling their World War II appearance), United States Air Force 1398:

s torpedoes failed to launch. Both boats then turned away from the scene of the action and returned to base without checking for survivors of

729:, with very high marks and was asked to stay for a brief period as an instructor. He was then ordered to the training squadron, Motor Torpedo 5511: 3849: 3783: 3757: 3701: 3680: 3658: 3634: 3214: 357: 500:

armament in August 1943; a forward 37 mm antitank gun, aft 20 mm autocannon, two twin .50 caliber machine gun turrets and four torpedo tubes

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could set down. Please work out a suitable plan & act immediately. Help is urgent & in sore need. Rely on native boys to any extent

3173: 2012:. Kennedy's father, Joe Kennedy Sr., had a role in the production, financing, casting, and writing. As there were only a few 80-foot Elco 5521: 5168: 5163: 4822: 2213: 1556:

at the rest of the crew, since the only light-skinned people they expected to find were Japanese with whom they could not communicate.

5516: 4222: 4018: 2463: 1913: 5863: 4971: 4093: 3953: 3830: 3738: 3520: 2923: 1937:, U.S. Representative John Kennedy, engaged in a race for the Senate, instructed his staff to locate Kohei Hanami, Commander of the 1260: 1233: 160: 1905:, JFK's nephew, who joined Ballard on the expedition, presented a bust of JFK to the islanders who had found Kennedy and his crew. 5536: 5526: 5506: 5354: 5327: 4350: 3909: 3313: 5556: 5387: 5206: 5105: 5100: 5049: 4827: 4744: 4629: 4625: 4344: 4064: 1737:, though senior officer Lt. Commander Alvin Cluster had recommended Kennedy for the Silver Star. Kennedy was also awarded the 4693: 3592: 3561:

Given out as a campaign handout during John F. Kennedy's run for President in 1960 to promote his military experience in WWII

1014:, Motor Machinist's Mate 2/c (MM2). Killed in collision, manning turret closest to impact point. (Springfield, Massachusetts) 4898: 5025: 1844:, Captain Ed Rhoades, presented Kumana with gifts, including an American flag, for his actions more than 60 years earlier. 5371: 5270: 5264: 5079: 4981: 4966: 4725: 4662: 4422: 4244: 4126: 3414: 2374: 539:

anti-aircraft mount at the rear with "109" painted on the mounting base, two open circular rotating turrets mounting twin

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Signal at night three dashes (- - -) Password--Roger---Answer---Wilco If attempted at day time--advise air coverage or a

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late on 5 August, to look for possible survivors after decoding radio broadcasts that the explosion he had witnessed was

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was located in May 2002, at a depth of 1,200 feet (370 m), when a National Geographic Society expedition headed by

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and plagued him the rest of his life. Kennedy's postwar campaigns for elected office referred often to his service on

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after reports were made of the large explosion, but Commander Warfield, to his credit, ordered an aerial search by

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was also the subject of toy, plastic, and radio control model ships in the 1960s, familiar to boys who grew up as

2055:. A controversy arose when the government sold the land to a private investor who charged admission to tourists. 1755:). Kennedy and Thom remained friends, and when Thom died in a 1946 car crash, Kennedy was one of his pallbearers. 5551: 5241: 4996: 4210: 4119: 3939: 3918: 3387: 2734: 2137: 1698:

crew members on Olasana Island in the early morning of 8 August, after dispatching rowboats to pick them up. The

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was struck on her starboard side at a 20-degree angle shearing off a piece of the boat, between Kolombangara and

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PT tankroom below deck, looking forward, shows partially exposed fuel tank through open door in bulkhead on left.

342: 3456: 3230: 3086:

Giglio, James (October 2006). "Growing Up Kennedy: The Role of Medical Ailments in the Life of JFK, 1920-1957".

5818: 5786: 5708: 5409: 5397: 4991: 4655: 4438: 3946: 1418: 1204:

and two accompanying PTs became the last to sight the Japanese destroyers returning on their northern route to

353: 2420: 1690:

three bullets in his pistol, Evans gave him a Japanese rifle for the fourth signal shot. With Kennedy aboard,

1082:

through Blackett Strait to supply provisions and bring troops to the Japanese garrison on Vila Plantation, on

652: 1851:

incident. Kumana had been a scout for the Coastwatchers throughout the war, and besides rescuing the crew of

5648: 5464: 4986: 4568: 4366: 1779: 1553: 803: 540: 422: 392: 349: 335: 294: 110: 1385:

was gravely damaged, with watertight compartments keeping only the forward hull afloat in a sea of flames.

617: 5702: 5496: 5306: 4491: 4481: 4471: 4461: 4444: 4428: 4382: 4376: 4356: 4282: 4276: 4270: 4260: 4250: 4183: 4155: 4149: 4143: 4109: 4103: 1569:, Ensign Leonard Jay Thom on 6 August. Thom's message was a "penciled note" written on paper, which read: 504:

The PT boat's principal offensive weapon was her torpedoes. She was fitted with four 21-inch (53 cm)

369: 2281: 5684: 5672: 5234: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4893: 4817: 4590: 3982: 1988: 1490: 1096: 531: 287: 960:, Ensign (ENS), Ohio State football athlete, and excellent swimmer, executive officer (Sandusky, Ohio). 872:. The Rendova base held the potential for its residents to contract a host of unpleasant diseases like 1741:

for injuries he sustained in the collision. Following their rescue, Thom was assigned as commander of

5765: 5424: 5211: 5072: 4880: 4870: 4536: 4232: 4193: 3902: 2812:. Washington, D.C.: Naval History Division. Part III Guadalcanal and Beyond -- The Solomons Campaign. 1767: 1658: 1657:, had eluded Kennedy and the 14 PT crews on the night of 1–2 August. This action became known as the 1640: 767: 520: 1532:

fighters that spotted a few remains of the wreck, but not the crew, who had already swum to safety.

702: 695:. He was reassigned to South Carolina in January 1942 because of his affair with Danish journalist 5808: 5660: 5642: 5454: 5296: 5001: 4849: 4056: 4013: 3415:"Solomon Islanders mourn death of Eroni Kumana who helped save life of John F. Kennedy during WWII" 2124: 1838: 1826:

embarrassment. Gasa and Kumana gained recognition, especially after being mentioned and praised by

1444: 1079: 1043: 399: 114: 2372:

Department of the Navy – Naval History & Heritage Command: Lieutenant John F. Kennedy, USN FAQ

1176:

burning torpedo tubes as they could have given away their location to the destroyers. Liebenow's

5738: 5720: 5586: 5576: 5359: 5258: 5090: 4501: 4313: 3484: 3111: 1449: 598:, its propellers spinning, until Kennedy's executive officer Ensign Leonard Thom deactivated it. 536: 481: 395: 3512: 3181: 1627:

to rest but linked up with Senior Scout Benjamin Kevu who they told they had found the crew of

1391:, closest to Kennedy's craft, launched two torpedoes, but they missed the attacking destroyer; 5853: 5772: 5750: 5714: 5286: 5011: 4834: 4546: 4392: 4334: 4292: 4171: 3864: 3845: 3826: 3807: 3779: 3753: 3734: 3697: 3676: 3668: 3654: 3630: 3269: 3210: 3204: 3103: 2919: 2807: 2119: 2017: 1347:.. There were initially conflicting opinions about whether the destroyer captain had detected 684: 645: 638: 625: 3720:

Flores, John W. (22 November 1998). "Last Survivor of PT 109 still grieves skipper's death".

5690: 5666: 5654: 5636: 5439: 5253: 5201: 4839: 3261: 3095: 3059:

Section 1, 31 August 2018. Obituary for William Liebenow, with quotation of WL by Contrera.

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action figure, dressed in Navy khakis with a miniature version of the famous coconut shell.

1946: 1834:. Gasa died in late August 2005, his death noted only in a single blog post by a relative. 966:, Ensign (ENS), on board as an observer after losing his own boat. Attempted to operate the 706: 1710: 1159: 464:

marinized aero gasoline engines (one per propeller shaft), with a designed top speed of 41

4749: 4678: 4529: 4454: 3972: 3895: 2378: 2170: 2009: 1774:. Gibson later returned it to Kennedy. Kennedy preserved it in a glass paperweight on his 971: 904:

warships came into the straits to supply Japanese forces in the New Georgia–Rendova area.

897: 854: 778: 699:. On 27 July 1942, Kennedy entered the Naval Reserve Officers Training School in Chicago. 656: 461: 345: 230: 2442: 923:

and ran erratically around the bay until they ran ashore on the beach without exploding.

602:

returned to Tulagi for repairs to the foredeck and the replacement of the depth charge.

5622: 5476: 4956: 4799: 4045: 3532: 2052: 1893: 1646: 865: 823: 770: 509: 277: 3551:(Campaign artifact). Boston, MA: John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum. 1960 3265: 5802: 5732: 5581: 5429: 4951: 4903: 4875: 4791: 4302: 4008: 4003: 3644: 3392: 2045: 2029: 2003: 1787: 1466: 1107: 1027: 901: 885: 688: 31: 3115: 2302:

Private doctor certified health in, Fleming, Thomas, "War of Revenge", Spring 2011,

2051:

Eroni Kumana named his son "John F. Kennedy". Plum Pudding Island was later renamed

1822:

in 2002. They were each presented with a bust and a letter from the Kennedy family.

806:

since securing Guadalcanal in a bloody battle in early 1943. Kennedy transferred on

5678: 4913: 4177: 2060: 1738: 1541: 1494: 1304: 1292:, but Ross did not have time to load a shell into the closed breech of the weapon. 1266: 1083: 1059:

Not to be confused with the earlier battle at the same location, also known as the

967: 758: 651:. Originally Navy grey, it is believed the ship was painted a flat, dark green at 642: 573: 558: 505: 361: 306: 300: 273: 3600: 1598: 946:

Marney, Patrick McMahon, Ray Starkey, and Gerard Zinser not in photograph.) (1943)

493: 3300: 2202: 1725:, when they rescued Kennedy and his crew from Olasana Island. After the rescue, 5726: 5612: 4864: 4844: 4786: 3805:

Kimmatsu, Haruyoshi (December 1970). "The night we sank John Kennedy's PT 109".

3287: 1902: 1856: 1775: 1463: 1209: 858: 819: 664: 465: 2371: 2115:

s captain as someone who has recently been promoted and of whom he is envious.

1791:

raised the possibility that Kennedy and McMahon conspired to mask the cause of

1358:

s captain, Lieutenant Commander Kohei Hanami, later said that he intentionally

980:, Seaman 2/c, gunner. Killed in action by Japanese POW during a rescue mission 436:

The 80 ft (24 m) Elco MTBs were the largest PT boats operated by the

4405: 4324: 4165: 3776:

American Warriors: Five Presidents in the Pacific Theater of World War II

2033: 1818:

Both Solomon Islanders Biuku Gasa and Eroni Kumana were alive when visited by

1518: 1213: 954:, Lieutenant, Junior Grade (LTJG), commanding officer (Boston, Massachusetts). 777:, who diverted his assignment to Panama, and had him sent to PT combat in the 696: 562: 4028:

PT 109: An American Epic of War, Survival, and the Destiny of John F. Kennedy

3693:

PT 109: An American Epic of War, Survival, and the Destiny of John F. Kennedy

3099: 1517:

was spotted by Evans, who manned a secret observation post at the top of the

1326: 1312: 36:

PT 109: An American Epic of War, Survival, and the Destiny of John F. Kennedy

5546: 5414: 4557: 4416: 2163: 1540:

Evans had been the first to dispatch islander scouts, Gasa and Kumana, in a

881: 822:

in the Solomon Islands. Traveling to the Pacific on the large troop carrier

437: 3273: 3107: 2118:

A video game marketing itself as a torpedo boat simulation was released by

1087:

the recent loss of two boats and two crewmen from a Japanese air attack on

868:, the PT boat operations were moved north to a crude "bush" berth there on 1228: 5744: 4781: 2091: 426: 320: 180: 3546: 1645:

On the night of 6–7 August, while Kennedy still awaited rescue, Admiral

941: 659:

in late 1942 and was assigned to Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 2 based on

4579: 4509: 3934: 3868: 3206:

Encyclopedia of the Kennedys: The People and Events That Shaped America

1956:

he met with Fujio Onozeki, a Japanese naval officer who was aboard the

1799:. It examined Kennedy’s supposed statement to another PT officer that 1359: 1002:, Torpedoman's Mate 2/c (TM2) Killed in collision. (Reynolds, Georgia). 889: 873: 738: 473: 449: 338: 280: 47: 3480:"Eroni Kumana, Who Saved Kennedy and His Shipwrecked Crew, Dies at 96" 17: 4885: 3055:

Contrera, Jessica, "He saved JFK's life with the help of a coconut,"

2076: 1995:

is now kept in the John F. Kennedy Library and Museum. The story of

1205: 877: 815: 660: 2048:

charts in 1962, making it one of Dean's most successful recordings.

3252:

Loughlin, Kevin (2002). "John F. Kennedy and his Adrenal Disease".

4647: 3548:

Tie clip of PT-109 boat with "Kennedy" in black letters across bow

1747: 1709: 1597: 1417: 1227: 1158: 1065: 940: 783: 701: 616: 492: 460:

was powered by three 12-cylinder 1,500 horsepower (1,100 kW)

448: 398:(MTB), one of hundreds built by the firm between 1942 and 1945 in 184: 2340:

False claims in Fleming, Thomas, "War of Revenge", Spring 2011,

2260: 2258: 2103:, which began airing during the Kennedy presidency, mention the 1529: 4651: 4060: 3891: 3627:

Collision With History: The Search for John F. Kennedy's PT 109

2866:

Collision with History: The Search for John F. Kennedy's PT 109

1426:

1943, click map to view Plum Pudding, Olasana, and Naru Islands

996:, Motor Machinist's Mate 2/c (MM2) (Dorchester, Massachusetts). 2390:

Walsh was involved in Kennedy's transfer to Pacific combat in

1622:

Coastwatchers' canoe trip from Olsana to the PT base, 6 August

1621: 3573:

Hinds, Joseph (February 2011). "JFK's Other PT Boat Rescue".

1513:

The explosion and resulting fireball on the early morning of

911:, an attack by 18 Japanese bombers struck the base, wrecking 2693: 2691: 2689: 2687: 2685: 2572: 2570: 2560:

1:45 am in Fleming, Thomas, "War of Revenge", Spring 2011,

319:

Deck house protected against rifle-caliber projectiles and

3863:. Garden City, NY: American Printing House for the Blind. 3354: 3352: 2660: 2658: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2097:

Two episodes of the World War II–themed television series

2002:

s sinking was featured in several books and a 1963 movie,

1602:

The coconut with the carved message, cast in a paperweight

1265:, which was heading north to Rabaul from Vila Plantation, 5839:

Naval battles of World War II involving the United States

3887: 1259:

realized they were in the path of the Japanese destroyer

1036:, Torpedoman's Mate 2/c (TM2) (Garden Grove, California). 713:

After completing his Naval Reserve Officer's Training on

2981: 2979: 2977: 2245: 2243: 1964:, who gave him a card signed by other officers from the 1778:

desk during his presidency. It is now on display at the

1443:

Kolombangara, the closest, they chose the tiny deserted

938:

The following men were aboard on PT-109's last mission:

900:

in order to sight and to give warning when the Japanese

753:

and four other boats were ordered to Motor Torpedo Boat

3153:

Thom, Ross, and Kennedy all recommended for a medal in

2938:

Sondles, Jeff; Liberty Aviation Museum (31 July 2013).

2611:. Naval History and Heritage Command. 24 November 2014 2143:, commanded by Kennedy after he had recovered from the 1577:

Subject: Rescue of 11 (eleven) men lost since Sunday,

1020:, Quartermaster, cook, 3/c (QM3) (St. Louis, Missouri). 364:. Kennedy's actions in saving his surviving crew after 663:

island. She participated in combat operations around

3822:

JFK: Coming of Age in the American Century, 1917–1956

3021:. New York, NY: Open Road Media. pp. Chapter 10. 2599: 2597: 2513:

JFK: Coming of Age in the American Century, 1917-1956

1847:

In 2008, Mark Roche visited Kumana and discussed the

1365:, which was traveling at a steady pace towards them. 990:, Gunner's Mate 3/c (GM3) (Watertown, Massachusetts). 810:

1943, as a replacement officer to Motor Torpedo Boat

246:

41 knots (76 km/h; 47 mph) maximum (trials)

3331:"JFK's Island Rescuers Honored at Emotional Reunion" 3231:"Pieces of History - John F. Kennedy and PT Boat 59" 2809:

At Close Quarters PT Boats in the United States Navy

721:

in Melville, Rhode Island, where he was promoted to

5621: 5485: 5380: 5320: 5279: 5189: 5116: 5040: 5007:

Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act of 1961

4912: 4808: 4724: 4520: 4092: 4038: 3996: 3965: 3927: 2901:

Thom convinced the natives they were Americans in (

3593:"Kennedy Island sale to be challenged in Solomons" 675:1943, when the Japanese withdrew from the island. 5562:John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School 3711:Fleming, Thomas (Spring 2011). "War of Revenge". 2838:Fleming, Thomas (Spring 2011). "War of Revenge". 1830:, and the publication of William Doyle's book on 1163:Lieutenant JG Kennedy, official naval photo, 1942 733:, to take over the command of motor torpedo boat 641:to the South Pacific in August 1942 on board the 5869:World War II patrol vessels of the United States 5435:U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 4087:Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in August 1943 3629:. Washington, D.C.: Little, Brown, and Company. 2367: 2365: 2363: 1770:, who was serving in the South Pacific with the 1635:Battle of Vella Gulf, Admiral Halsey, 6–7 August 323:, some crews fitted armor plate to refrigerators 295:.50-inch (12.7 mm) Browning M2 machine guns 5393:John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum 2721: 2719: 1985:John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum 1941:, the Japanese destroyer that had run down the 1414:Survival, swim to Plum Pudding Island, 2 August 678: 211:3 ft 6 in (1.07 m) maximum (aft) 3713:MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History 3650:An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy, 1917–1963 3442: 3440: 3301:Barnabas Davis (1599–1685) and His Descendants 2918:, (1992) Random House, New York, NY, pg. 141, 2840:MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History 2562:MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History 2342:MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History 2304:MHQ: The Quarterly Journal of Military History 1766:The coconut shell came into the possession of 1733:Thom, Ross, and Kennedy were each awarded the 5834:Naval battles of World War II involving Japan 5697:Kathleen Cavendish, Marchioness of Hartington 5067:Report to the American People on Civil Rights 4663: 4072: 3903: 3455:. National Geographic Society. Archived from 2946:. Schaffner Publications, Inc. Archived from 1559: 1008:, Radioman 2/c (RM2) (Dobbs Ferry, New York). 480:The engines were fitted with mufflers on the 8: 5874:World War II shipwrecks in the Pacific Ocean 2419:. American Heritage Magazine. Archived from 719:Motor Torpedo Boat Squadrons Training Center 655:after being off-loaded. She arrived in the 2208:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships 1952:While Kennedy was running for president in 1435:regrouped and, hoping for rescue, clung to 757:(RON 14), which was assigned to patrol the 4805: 4670: 4656: 4648: 4079: 4065: 4057: 3910: 3896: 3888: 3883:PT-109 related photos at maritimequest.com 3675:(40th Anniversary ed.). McGraw Hill. 3333:. National Geographic News. Archived from 3167: 3165: 3163: 1501:explode from his secret observation site. 849:, several PT boats of MTBRON 2, including 34:. For the 2015 book by William Doyle, see 5507:John F. Kennedy Federal Building (Boston) 5125:U.S. House of Representatives elections: 4977:Status of Women (Presidential Commission) 3502:, pp. 212–16, 218–22, 241–42, 315–17 3359:John F. Kennedy Library (3 August 2009). 3233:. US National Archives. 24 September 2012 2933: 2931: 2823:Renehan, Edward J. (2002). "Chapter 23". 2515:, (2020), Random House, New York, pg. 339 1745:and Kennedy was assigned as commander of 679:Kennedy's training in motor torpedo boats 5141:U.S. Senate elections in Massachusetts: 3586: 3584: 3449:"JFK's PT-109 Found, U.S. Navy Confirms" 3203:Siracusa, Joseph M. (7 September 2012). 3141: 3004: 2755: 2548: 2475: 2234: 341:(patrol torpedo boat) last commanded by 5420:Equal Employment Opportunity Commission 3778:. Shippensburg, PA: Burd Street Press. 2852: 2676: 2641: 2629: 2576: 2536: 2524: 2197: 2195: 2193: 2191: 2156: 1536:Coastwatchers Gasa and Kumana, 5 August 1115:Failure of the PTs' torpedoes in action 744: 5829:United States Navy in the 20th century 5502:Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts 5086:Remarks at Amherst College on the Arts 3128: 2986:Davenport. "The Man Who Rescued JFK". 2487: 2403: 2315: 2183:American PT Boats in World War II 391:was an 80 ft (24 m), 40-ton 309:mounted forward (a field modification) 42: 5844:Pacific Ocean theatre of World War II 5512:John F. Kennedy International Airport 3499: 3373: 3329:Chamberlain, Ted (20 November 2002). 3154: 3081: 3079: 3077: 3068: 3043: 3031: 2968: 2902: 2889: 2793: 2780: 2767: 2710: 2697: 2664: 2588: 2499: 2391: 2354: 2328: 2264: 2249: 1917:. A DVD and book were also released. 1406:and damage to the Japanese destroyer 802:The Allies had been in a campaign of 74: 7: 5567:John F. Kennedy University (defunct) 4855:Migration and Refugee Assistance Act 3653:. Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Co. 2727:"Map of PT-109 Wreck Site (Kennedy)" 2214:Naval History & Heritage Command 1560:Thom's and Kennedy's rescue messages 1457:Additional swims, 2, 4, and 5 August 1246:1943, as the battle neared its end, 262:3 officers, 14 enlisted men (design) 4823:Arms Control and Disarmament Agency 3386:Francis, Mike (18 September 2007). 2827:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. 2709:Tried to fire the anti-tank gun in 1837:In 2007, the commanding officer of 1613:COMMANDER... NATIVE KNOWS POS'IT... 857:in preparation for the invasion of 288:20-millimeter (0.79 in) cannon 5859:Ships built in Bayonne, New Jersey 3792:Keresey, Dick (July–August 1998). 3591:Szetu, Robertson (10 March 2005). 3425:from the original on 5 August 2014 3180:. Youngstown, Ohio. Archived from 3172:Alcorn, William K. (25 May 2008). 3034:, pp. 153, 173, 156, 134–176. 2417:"Dick Keresey, 'Farthest Forward'" 1284:Kennedy said he attempted to turn 1114: 717:, Kennedy voluntarily entered the 307:37-millimeter (1.5 in) cannon 203:20 ft 8 in (6.30 m) 25: 5824:Maritime incidents in August 1943 5162:Democratic National Conventions: 4982:University of Alabama integration 3696:. New York City: Harper-Collins. 3523:from the original on 3 March 2020 3447:Chamberlain, Ted (11 July 2002). 1131:s "B" division also included PTs 745:Kennedy's transfer to the Pacific 5849:History books about World War II 5782: 5781: 5031: 5024: 4633: 4628: 4616: 4608: 3988:Andrew Kirksey and Harold Marney 3673:PT-109: John F. Kennedy in WW II 3478:Vitello, Paul (16 August 2014). 2280:. Scalecraft.com. Archived from 1933:Nine years after the sinking of 1269:, after offloading supplies and 219:4,500 horsepower (3,400 kW) 76: 46: 5557:John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge 5174:U.S. presidential election 1960 4947:Federal housing segregation ban 4828:Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 4702:U.S. Senator from Massachusetts 4020:The Search for Kennedy's PT 109 3840:Renehan, Edward J. Jr. (2002). 3286:Associated Press, Troy Record, 2806:Bulkley, Robert J. Jr. (1962). 1929:and American–Japanese relations 1914:The Search for Kennedy's PT 109 1119:On 1 August, fifteen PT boats, 1046:. The last living survivor of 919:. Two torpedoes were blown off 417:, and delivered to the Navy on 4694:President of the United States 4046:Kasolo Island (Kennedy Island) 3844:. Garden City, NY: Doubleday. 3842:The Kennedys at War, 1937–1945 3752:. Annapolis: Naval Institute. 3733:. New York, NY: Random House. 3519:. 1 November 1960. p. 1. 3288:Judge's Rites Today In Vermont 2825:The Kennedys at War: 1937–1945 2679:, pp. 101, 102, 106, 107. 2464:MaritimeQuest – Raymond Albert 1351:and rammed her intentionally. 1103:fought there on 6 March 1943. 1070:Lt. JG Kennedy at the helm of 429:. Fully loaded, she displaced 254:12 hours, 6 hours at top speed 195:80 ft (24 m) overall 1: 5271:John F. Kennedy document hoax 5265:Happy Birthday, Mr. President 5259:Coretta Scott King phone call 5197:Birthplace and childhood home 5080:A rising tide lifts all boats 4967:Presidential Medal of Freedom 3766:Hersey, John, "Survival", in 3361:John F. Kennedy Press Release 3266:10.1016/s0090-4295(01)01206-7 1911:produced a TV special titled 1866:2014, exactly 71 years after 1808:Gasa and Kumana in later life 1573:To: Commanding Officer--Oak O 1050:, he died in Florida in 2001. 818:Island, immediately north of 609:was not equipped with radar. 468:(76 km/h; 47 mph). 421:1942 to be fitted out in the 5470:Lincoln–Kennedy coincidences 4922:Communications Satellite Act 3619:General and cited references 3498:Relationship with Hanami in 3388:"Eroni Kumana gets his flag" 3314:Did JFK's Order Sink PT-109? 2327:Met at Rockefeller Plaza in 1979:President Kennedy presented 1721:There were reporters aboard 1694:rescued the weak and hungry 1668:makes final rescue, 8 August 974:. (Highland Park, Illinois). 926: 693:Office of Naval Intelligence 5372:Gravesite and Eternal Flame 5230:Biuku Gasa and Eroni Kumana 5153:1960 presidential primaries 5061:We choose to go to the Moon 4927:Community Mental Health Act 3978:Biuku Gasa and Eroni Kumana 3859:Tregaskis, Richard (1966). 3625:Ballard, Robert D. (2002). 3017:Tregaskis, Richard (2016). 2644:, pp. 60, 61, 73, 100. 1814:Biuku Gasa and Eroni Kumana 1735:Navy and Marine Corps Medal 1716:Navy and Marine Corps Medal 1617:NEED SMALL BOAT... KENNEDY 1607:coconut husk with a knife: 1575:From:Crew P.T. 109 (Oak 14) 1527:Royal New Zealand Air Force 1470:Biuku Gasa and Eroni Kumana 1101:earlier battle of that name 707:Lieutenant John D. Bulkeley 561:he had bartered for to the 5890: 5158:1960 presidential campaign 5091:State of the Union Address 5055:American University speech 4942:Federal affirmative action 4772:Presidential Proclamations 3861:John F. Kennedy and PT-109 3825:. New York: Random House. 3819:Logevall, Fredrik (2020). 3750:Japanese Destroyer Captain 3071:, pp. 134–176, 164–5. 2878:"JFK's epic Solomons swim" 2792:100-foot high fireball in 2591:, pp. 32–172, 72–176. 2353:Bulkeley was involved in ( 2020:were modified to resemble 1881:Search for the remains of 1811: 1782:in Boston, Massachusetts. 1638: 1167:Lieutenant Brantingham on 1058: 1024:Patrick H. "Pappy" McMahon 964:George H. R. "Barney" Ross 568:Ahead of the torpedoes on 413:1942, she was launched on 272:4 × 21-inch (533 mm) 29: 5760: 5552:John F. Kennedy Arboretum 5022: 4997:Oil Pollution Act of 1961 4899:Moscow–Washington hotline 4685: 4603: 3088:Journal of Family History 3019:John F Kennedy and PT-109 2770:, pp. 96–97, 72–176. 2377:12 September 2007 at the 2267:, pp. 32–172, 50–57. 2086:. Hasbro also released a 2063:. It was still a popular 1991:. An original flag from 1061:Battle of Blackett Strait 1055:Battle of Blackett Strait 988:Charles A. "Bucky" Harris 723:lieutenant (junior grade) 637:was transported from the 409:class, her keel was laid 343:Lieutenant (junior grade) 170: 69: 45: 5864:Ships sunk in collisions 5709:Patricia Kennedy Lawford 5410:Civil Rights Act of 1964 5398:Profile in Courage Award 4992:All-Channel Receiver Act 4962:Pilot Food Stamp Program 3748:Hara, Tameichi (2007) . 3729:Hamilton, Nigel (1992). 3453:National Geographic News 3100:10.1177/0363199006291659 2731:National Geographic News 2090:edition John F. Kennedy 1615:HE CAN PILOT... 11 ALIVE 761:. Kennedy detached from 737:, a 78-foot (24 m) 691:with a desk job for the 557:s crew lash a U.S. Army 524:low rate of detonation. 405:The seventh MTB of the 354:Solomon Islands campaign 5649:Patrick Bouvier Kennedy 5572:John F. Kennedy Stadium 5405:Twenty-fourth Amendment 4987:Voter Education Project 3690:Doyle, William (2015). 3299:Sumner Augustus Davis, 3174:"Of friendship and war" 2940:"Lenny Thom and PT 109" 2443:"Pacific Wrecks-PT-117" 2169:18 January 2008 at the 2122:in 1987 with the title 1780:John F. Kennedy Library 791:John F. Kennedy aboard 775:Naval Affairs Committee 423:New York Naval Shipyard 350:United States president 171:General characteristics 30:For the 1963 film, see 5766:← Dwight D. Eisenhower 5703:Eunice Kennedy Shriver 5497:Harvard Kennedy School 5415:Apollo 11 Moon landing 5308:A Nation of Immigrants 4782:Presidential limousine 3597:Pacific Islands Report 3419:Australia Network News 2880:BBC News 30 July 2003. 2855:, pp. 7, 123–124. 2733:. 2002. Archived from 2381:Retrieved 19 June 2011 2040:on the pop music, and 1772:43rd Infantry Division 1718: 1714:Kennedy receiving the 1619: 1603: 1596: 1431:survivors thrown from 1427: 1239: 1164: 1074: 1000:Andrew Jackson Kirksey 947: 853:, were ordered to the 799: 710: 631: 501: 454: 370:Chelsea Naval Hospital 5685:Joseph P. Kennedy Jr. 5673:Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. 5365:attending dignitaries 4937:Executive Order 11110 4818:Alliance for Progress 4755:Judicial appointments 2445:. Pacific Wrecks, Inc 1989:Boston, Massachusetts 1713: 1609: 1601: 1571: 1422:Map of the events of 1421: 1231: 1162: 1069: 1012:Harold William Marney 944: 864:After the capture of 814:, which was based at 787: 705: 653:Nouméa, New Caledonia 620: 496: 452: 5465:U.S. five cent stamp 5425:Kennedy Space Center 5073:Ich bin ein Berliner 4881:Cuban Missile Crisis 4871:Bay of Pigs Invasion 4777:Presidential pardons 3774:Hove, Duane (2003). 3303:, 1973, pp. 200–201. 2278:"Scalecraft history" 2138:Patrol torpedo boat 1795:’s failure to evade 1768:Ernest W. Gibson Jr. 1659:Battle of Vella Gulf 1641:Battle of Vella Gulf 832:and took command of 5773:Lyndon B. Johnson → 5661:Tatiana Schlossberg 5643:John F. Kennedy Jr. 5460:U.S. postage stamps 5455:Kennedy half dollar 5445:Cultural depictions 5298:Profiles in Courage 5002:Revenue Act of 1962 4850:Trade Expansion Act 4710:U.S. Representative 3954:Japanese destroyer 3731:JFK, Reckless Youth 3337:on 24 November 2002 3312:Nelson, Curtis L., 2916:JFK, Reckless Youth 2892:, pp. 143–148. 2700:, pp. 134–176. 2632:, pp. 99, 100. 2605:"Report on Loss of 2511:Logeval, Fredrick, 2423:on 18 February 2008 2216:. 13 September 2002 2082:(model) kit in the 1909:National Geographic 1828:National Geographic 1820:National Geographic 1497:, who had seen the 1445:Plum Pudding Island 1322: / 1232:Japanese destroyer 1200:Late in the night, 1145:60 Mark 8 torpedoes 1080:Bougainville Island 1044:chief petty officer 984:1943 (Akron, Ohio). 400:Bayonne, New Jersey 161:Japanese destroyer 115:Bayonne, New Jersey 5739:John F. Fitzgerald 5721:Jean Kennedy Smith 5631:Jacqueline Bouvier 5577:Kennedy Expressway 5547:Runnymede memorial 5348:in popular culture 5249:Castle Hot Springs 4787:Presidential yacht 3794:"Farthest Forward" 3669:Donovan, Robert J. 3517:Opelika Daily News 3485:The New York Times 2971:, pp. 134–176 2667:, pp. 72–176. 2527:, pp. 95, 99. 2018:crash rescue boats 1975:in popular culture 1785:A 2003 article in 1727:The New York Times 1719: 1604: 1450:Harvard University 1428: 1242:By 2 a.m. on 1240: 1165: 1091:, the skippers of 1075: 970:but suffered from 948: 800: 773:, Chairman of the 711: 632: 559:37 mm antitank gun 502: 455: 396:motor torpedo boat 231:Packard W-14 M2500 5814:Conflicts in 1943 5796: 5795: 5751:Billie and Debbie 5715:Robert F. Kennedy 5542:Portland memorial 5522:Brooklyn memorial 5312: 5302: 5292: 5288:Why England Slept 5050:Inaugural address 5020: 5019: 5012:Wetlands Loan Act 4835:Flexible response 4645: 4644: 4054: 4053: 3851:978-0-385-50165-1 3799:American Heritage 3785:978-1-57249-260-8 3759:978-1-59114-354-3 3703:978-0-06-234658-2 3682:978-0-07-137643-3 3660:978-0-316-17238-7 3636:978-0-7922-6876-5 3421:. 4 August 2014. 3376:, pp. 72–176 3290:, 7 November 1969 3216:978-1-59884-539-6 2914:Hamilton, Nigel, 2864:Ballard, Robert. 2579:, pp. 96–99. 2406:, pp. 90–91. 2357:, pp. 25–31) 2318:, pp. 83–84. 2284:on 28 August 2009 2252:, pp. 56–57. 2120:Spectrum Holobyte 1873:s collision with 1505:Aerial search of 1338:ramming of PT-109 1327:8.050°S 156.933°E 1155:from her division 1018:Edman Edgar Mauer 749:In January 1943, 685:Joseph P. Kennedy 639:Norfolk Navy Yard 521:torpedoman's mate 362:World War II 327: 326: 16:(Redirected from 5881: 5785: 5784: 5691:Rosemary Kennedy 5667:Jack Schlossberg 5655:Rose Schlossberg 5637:Caroline Kennedy 5532:Hyannis memorial 5310: 5300: 5290: 5254:Hammersmith Farm 5202:Kennedy Compound 5035: 5028: 4952:Fifty-mile hikes 4840:Kennedy Doctrine 4806: 4767:Executive Orders 4717: 4705: 4697: 4672: 4665: 4658: 4649: 4637: 4632: 4620: 4612: 4596: 4585: 4574: 4563: 4552: 4541: 4513: 4496: 4486: 4476: 4466: 4449: 4433: 4411: 4387: 4371: 4361: 4339: 4329: 4319: 4308: 4297: 4287: 4265: 4255: 4227: 4205: 4188: 4160: 4138: 4114: 4081: 4074: 4067: 4058: 3912: 3905: 3898: 3889: 3872: 3855: 3836: 3789: 3763: 3744: 3725: 3722:The Boston Globe 3716: 3707: 3686: 3664: 3640: 3613: 3612: 3610: 3608: 3603:on 8 August 2014 3599:. Archived from 3588: 3579: 3578: 3570: 3564: 3563: 3558: 3556: 3543: 3537: 3536: 3530: 3528: 3509: 3503: 3496: 3490: 3489: 3475: 3469: 3468: 3466: 3464: 3459:on 2 August 2002 3444: 3435: 3434: 3432: 3430: 3411: 3405: 3404: 3402: 3400: 3383: 3377: 3371: 3365: 3364: 3356: 3347: 3346: 3344: 3342: 3326: 3320: 3310: 3304: 3297: 3291: 3284: 3278: 3277: 3249: 3243: 3242: 3240: 3238: 3227: 3221: 3220: 3200: 3194: 3193: 3191: 3189: 3184:on 31 March 2014 3169: 3158: 3151: 3145: 3138: 3132: 3126: 3120: 3119: 3083: 3072: 3066: 3060: 3053: 3047: 3041: 3035: 3029: 3023: 3022: 3014: 3008: 3002: 2996: 2995: 2983: 2972: 2966: 2960: 2959: 2957: 2955: 2950:on 18 March 2014 2935: 2926: 2912: 2906: 2899: 2893: 2887: 2881: 2875: 2869: 2862: 2856: 2850: 2844: 2843: 2835: 2829: 2828: 2820: 2814: 2813: 2803: 2797: 2796:, pp. 96–97 2790: 2784: 2777: 2771: 2765: 2759: 2753: 2747: 2746: 2744: 2742: 2737:on 28 April 2014 2723: 2714: 2707: 2701: 2695: 2680: 2674: 2668: 2662: 2645: 2639: 2633: 2627: 2621: 2620: 2618: 2616: 2601: 2592: 2586: 2580: 2574: 2565: 2558: 2552: 2546: 2540: 2534: 2528: 2522: 2516: 2509: 2503: 2497: 2491: 2485: 2479: 2473: 2467: 2461: 2455: 2454: 2452: 2450: 2439: 2433: 2432: 2430: 2428: 2413: 2407: 2401: 2395: 2394:, pp. 33–34 2388: 2382: 2369: 2358: 2351: 2345: 2338: 2332: 2331:, pp. 28–31 2325: 2319: 2313: 2307: 2300: 2294: 2293: 2291: 2289: 2274: 2268: 2262: 2253: 2247: 2238: 2232: 2226: 2225: 2223: 2221: 2199: 2186: 2180: 2174: 2161: 2114: 2085: 2075: 2073: 2072: 2068: 2043: 2039: 2001: 1947:Caroline Kennedy 1888:The wreckage of 1872: 1865: 1580: 1516: 1493:, an Australian 1441: 1425: 1397: 1357: 1346: 1345: 1343: 1342: 1341: 1339: 1334: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1320: 1319: 1318: 1315: 1272: 1245: 1146: 1130: 1090: 1040:Gerard E. Zinser 994:William Johnston 983: 933: 910: 898:Blackett Straits 871: 848: 839: 831: 813: 809: 797: 764: 756: 732: 728: 716: 674: 670: 613:Early operations 593: 586: 582: 556: 545: 534: 512: 432: 420: 416: 412: 233:gasoline engines 229:3 × 12-cylinder 84: 81: 80: 79: 57: 50: 43: 21: 5889: 5888: 5884: 5883: 5882: 5880: 5879: 5878: 5819:John F. Kennedy 5799: 5798: 5797: 5792: 5756: 5679:Rose Fitzgerald 5663:(granddaughter) 5657:(granddaughter) 5617: 5606:John F. Kennedy 5597:John F. Kennedy 5589:John F. Kennedy 5537:London memorial 5527:Dallas memorial 5488: 5481: 5376: 5360:Riderless horse 5316: 5275: 5185: 5112: 5042: 5036: 5030: 5029: 5016: 4908: 4804: 4728: 4720: 4708: 4700: 4689: 4681: 4679:John F. Kennedy 4676: 4646: 4641: 4624: 4599: 4588: 4577: 4566: 4555: 4544: 4527: 4521:Other incidents 4516: 4499: 4489: 4479: 4469: 4452: 4436: 4414: 4390: 4374: 4364: 4342: 4332: 4322: 4311: 4300: 4290: 4268: 4258: 4230: 4208: 4191: 4163: 4141: 4117: 4101: 4088: 4085: 4055: 4050: 4034: 4014:1987 Video game 3992: 3973:John F. Kennedy 3961: 3923: 3916: 3879: 3858: 3852: 3839: 3833: 3818: 3786: 3773: 3770:, 17 June 1944. 3760: 3747: 3741: 3728: 3719: 3710: 3704: 3689: 3683: 3667: 3661: 3643: 3637: 3624: 3621: 3616: 3606: 3604: 3590: 3589: 3582: 3575:America in WWII 3572: 3571: 3567: 3554: 3552: 3545: 3544: 3540: 3526: 3524: 3513:"Fujio Onozeki" 3511: 3510: 3506: 3497: 3493: 3477: 3476: 3472: 3462: 3460: 3446: 3445: 3438: 3428: 3426: 3413: 3412: 3408: 3398: 3396: 3385: 3384: 3380: 3372: 3368: 3358: 3357: 3350: 3340: 3338: 3328: 3327: 3323: 3319:, February 2003 3311: 3307: 3298: 3294: 3285: 3281: 3251: 3250: 3246: 3236: 3234: 3229: 3228: 3224: 3217: 3202: 3201: 3197: 3187: 3185: 3171: 3170: 3161: 3152: 3148: 3139: 3135: 3127: 3123: 3085: 3084: 3075: 3067: 3063: 3057:Chicago Tribune 3054: 3050: 3042: 3038: 3030: 3026: 3016: 3015: 3011: 3003: 2999: 2985: 2984: 2975: 2967: 2963: 2953: 2951: 2937: 2936: 2929: 2913: 2909: 2900: 2896: 2888: 2884: 2876: 2872: 2863: 2859: 2851: 2847: 2837: 2836: 2832: 2822: 2821: 2817: 2805: 2804: 2800: 2791: 2787: 2778: 2774: 2766: 2762: 2754: 2750: 2740: 2738: 2725: 2724: 2717: 2708: 2704: 2696: 2683: 2675: 2671: 2663: 2648: 2640: 2636: 2628: 2624: 2614: 2612: 2603: 2602: 2595: 2587: 2583: 2575: 2568: 2559: 2555: 2547: 2543: 2535: 2531: 2523: 2519: 2510: 2506: 2498: 2494: 2486: 2482: 2474: 2470: 2462: 2458: 2448: 2446: 2441: 2440: 2436: 2426: 2424: 2415: 2414: 2410: 2402: 2398: 2389: 2385: 2379:Wayback Machine 2370: 2361: 2352: 2348: 2339: 2335: 2326: 2322: 2314: 2310: 2301: 2297: 2287: 2285: 2276: 2275: 2271: 2263: 2256: 2248: 2241: 2233: 2229: 2219: 2217: 2201: 2200: 2189: 2181: 2177: 2171:Wayback Machine 2162: 2158: 2154: 2134: 2112: 2083: 2070: 2066: 2065: 2064: 2041: 2037: 2010:Cliff Robertson 1999: 1977: 1931: 1923: 1886: 1870: 1863: 1862:Kumana died on 1816: 1810: 1708: 1670: 1643: 1637: 1624: 1616: 1614: 1612: 1593: 1591: 1589: 1583: 1578: 1576: 1574: 1562: 1538: 1514: 1511: 1483: 1459: 1439: 1423: 1416: 1395: 1374: 1355: 1337: 1335: 1332:-8.050; 156.933 1331: 1329: 1325: 1324: 1321: 1316: 1313: 1311: 1309: 1308: 1270: 1243: 1226: 1157: 1144: 1128: 1117: 1088: 1064: 1057: 1006:John E. Maguire 981: 972:night blindness 958:Leonard J. Thom 952:John F. Kennedy 936: 931: 908: 869: 855:Russell Islands 846: 837: 829: 811: 807: 792: 779:Solomon Islands 762: 754: 747: 739:Huckins PT boat 730: 726: 714: 681: 672: 668: 657:Solomon Islands 615: 591: 584: 580: 554: 543: 532: 510: 491: 462:Packard 4M-2500 447: 430: 418: 414: 410: 382: 358:Pacific theater 346:John F. Kennedy 334:was an 80-foot 216:Installed power 166:, 2 August 1943 82: 77: 75: 65: 55: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5887: 5885: 5877: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5836: 5831: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5801: 5800: 5794: 5793: 5791: 5790: 5777: 5776: 5769: 5761: 5758: 5757: 5755: 5754: 5748: 5742: 5736: 5730: 5724: 5718: 5712: 5706: 5700: 5694: 5688: 5682: 5676: 5670: 5664: 5658: 5652: 5646: 5640: 5634: 5627: 5625: 5619: 5618: 5616: 5615: 5610: 5608: (CVN-79) 5601: 5592: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5559: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5493: 5491: 5483: 5482: 5480: 5479: 5477:Operation Sail 5474: 5473: 5472: 5467: 5462: 5457: 5452: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5401: 5400: 5390: 5384: 5382: 5378: 5377: 5375: 5374: 5369: 5368: 5367: 5362: 5352: 5351: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5338:media coverage 5335: 5324: 5322: 5318: 5317: 5315: 5314: 5304: 5294: 5283: 5281: 5277: 5276: 5274: 5273: 5268: 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5239: 5238: 5237: 5232: 5221:Navy service: 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5193: 5191: 5187: 5186: 5184: 5183: 5182: 5181: 5171: 5166: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5139: 5134: 5129: 5122: 5120: 5114: 5113: 5111: 5110: 5109: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5088: 5083: 5076: 5069: 5064: 5057: 5052: 5046: 5044: 5038: 5037: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5017: 5015: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4989: 4984: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4957:Food for Peace 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4918: 4916: 4910: 4909: 4907: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4892:Soviet Union: 4890: 4889: 4888: 4878: 4873: 4867: 4862: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4837: 4832: 4831: 4830: 4820: 4814: 4812: 4810:Foreign policy 4803: 4802: 4800:Situation Room 4797: 4789: 4784: 4779: 4774: 4769: 4764: 4763: 4762: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4736: 4734: 4722: 4721: 4719: 4718: 4706: 4698: 4686: 4683: 4682: 4677: 4675: 4674: 4667: 4660: 4652: 4643: 4642: 4639:September 1943 4604: 4601: 4600: 4598: 4597: 4586: 4575: 4564: 4553: 4542: 4524: 4522: 4518: 4517: 4515: 4514: 4500:Unknown date: 4497: 4487: 4477: 4467: 4450: 4434: 4412: 4388: 4372: 4362: 4340: 4336:Empire Kestrel 4330: 4320: 4309: 4298: 4294:Clan Macarthur 4288: 4266: 4256: 4228: 4206: 4189: 4173:Fort La Montee 4161: 4139: 4115: 4098: 4096: 4090: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4083: 4076: 4069: 4061: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4048: 4042: 4040: 4036: 4035: 4033: 4032: 4024: 4016: 4011: 4006: 4000: 3998: 3994: 3993: 3991: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3969: 3967: 3963: 3962: 3960: 3959: 3951: 3944: 3937: 3931: 3929: 3925: 3924: 3917: 3915: 3914: 3907: 3900: 3892: 3886: 3885: 3878: 3877:External links 3875: 3874: 3873: 3856: 3850: 3837: 3831: 3816: 3803: 3790: 3784: 3771: 3768:The New Yorker 3764: 3758: 3745: 3739: 3726: 3717: 3708: 3702: 3687: 3681: 3665: 3659: 3645:Dallek, Robert 3641: 3635: 3620: 3617: 3615: 3614: 3580: 3565: 3538: 3533:Newspapers.com 3504: 3491: 3470: 3436: 3406: 3378: 3366: 3348: 3321: 3305: 3292: 3279: 3260:(1): 165–169. 3244: 3222: 3215: 3195: 3178:The Vindicator 3159: 3146: 3133: 3121: 3094:(4): 358–385. 3073: 3061: 3048: 3046:, p. 155. 3036: 3024: 3009: 3007:, p. 591. 2997: 2988:Coastal Living 2973: 2961: 2927: 2907: 2905:, p. 146) 2894: 2882: 2870: 2857: 2845: 2830: 2815: 2798: 2785: 2772: 2760: 2758:, p. 340. 2748: 2715: 2702: 2681: 2669: 2646: 2634: 2622: 2593: 2581: 2566: 2553: 2551:, p. 558. 2541: 2529: 2517: 2504: 2492: 2480: 2478:, p. 557. 2468: 2456: 2434: 2408: 2396: 2383: 2359: 2346: 2333: 2320: 2308: 2295: 2269: 2254: 2239: 2237:, p. 335. 2227: 2187: 2185:by Victor Chun 2175: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2149: 2148: 2133: 2130: 2053:Kennedy Island 2028:A song titled 1976: 1970: 1930: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1894:Robert Ballard 1885: 1879: 1812:Main article: 1809: 1806: 1707: 1704: 1669: 1663: 1647:William Halsey 1639:Main article: 1636: 1633: 1623: 1620: 1561: 1558: 1537: 1534: 1510: 1503: 1485:The rescue of 1482: 1479: 1458: 1455: 1415: 1412: 1373: 1367: 1225: 1218: 1156: 1151:Separation of 1149: 1116: 1113: 1056: 1053: 1052: 1051: 1037: 1034:Ray L. Starkey 1031: 1021: 1015: 1009: 1003: 997: 991: 985: 978:Raymond Albert 975: 961: 955: 935: 934:s last mission 925: 866:Rendova Island 804:island hopping 771:David I. Walsh 746: 743: 680: 677: 648:Joseph Stanton 628:Joseph Stanton 614: 611: 541:M2 .50 caliber 490: 487: 446: 443: 381: 380:Specifications 378: 325: 324: 317: 313: 312: 311: 310: 303: 297: 291: 284: 268: 264: 263: 260: 256: 255: 252: 248: 247: 244: 240: 239: 238: 237: 234: 225: 221: 220: 217: 213: 212: 209: 205: 204: 201: 197: 196: 193: 189: 188: 177: 173: 172: 168: 167: 157: 153: 152: 146: 145:Identification 142: 141: 138: 134: 133: 130: 126: 125: 122: 118: 117: 108: 104: 103: 100: 96: 95: 90: 86: 85: 72: 71: 67: 66: 58:s sister-boat 51: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5886: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5806: 5804: 5789: 5788: 5779: 5778: 5775: 5774: 5770: 5768: 5767: 5763: 5762: 5759: 5752: 5749: 5746: 5743: 5741:(grandfather) 5740: 5737: 5735:(grandfather) 5734: 5733:P. J. Kennedy 5731: 5728: 5725: 5722: 5719: 5716: 5713: 5710: 5707: 5704: 5701: 5698: 5695: 5692: 5689: 5686: 5683: 5680: 5677: 5674: 5671: 5668: 5665: 5662: 5659: 5656: 5653: 5650: 5647: 5644: 5641: 5638: 5635: 5632: 5629: 5628: 5626: 5624: 5620: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5607: 5602: 5600: 5599: (CV-67) 5598: 5593: 5591: 5590: 5585: 5583: 5582:Mount Kennedy 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5517:Boston statue 5515: 5513: 5510: 5508: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5498: 5495: 5494: 5492: 5490: 5484: 5478: 5475: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5447: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5430:Kennedy Round 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5399: 5396: 5395: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5385: 5383: 5379: 5373: 5370: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5357: 5356: 5355:State funeral 5353: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5330: 5329: 5328:Assassination 5326: 5325: 5323: 5319: 5313: 5309: 5305: 5303: 5299: 5295: 5293: 5289: 5285: 5284: 5282: 5278: 5272: 5269: 5266: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5244: 5240: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5227: 5226: 5225: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5200: 5198: 5195: 5194: 5192: 5190:Personal life 5188: 5180: 5177: 5176: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5165: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5124: 5123: 5121: 5119: 5115: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5093: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5081: 5077: 5074: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5062: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5047: 5045: 5039: 5034: 5027: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4993: 4990: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4932:Equal Pay Act 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4919: 4917: 4915: 4911: 4905: 4904:Vienna summit 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4894:Berlin Crisis 4891: 4887: 4884: 4883: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4876:Cuban Project 4874: 4872: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4829: 4826: 4825: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4815: 4813: 4811: 4807: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4794: 4790: 4788: 4785: 4783: 4780: 4778: 4775: 4773: 4770: 4768: 4765: 4761: 4760:Supreme Court 4758: 4757: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4727: 4723: 4715: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4692: 4688: 4687: 4684: 4680: 4673: 4668: 4666: 4661: 4659: 4654: 4653: 4650: 4640: 4636: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4611: 4607: 4602: 4595: 4594: 4587: 4584: 4583: 4576: 4573: 4572: 4565: 4562: 4561: 4554: 4551: 4550: 4543: 4540: 4539: 4534: 4533: 4526: 4525: 4523: 4519: 4512: 4511: 4506: 4505: 4498: 4495: 4494: 4488: 4485: 4484: 4478: 4475: 4474: 4468: 4465: 4464: 4459: 4458: 4451: 4448: 4447: 4442: 4441: 4435: 4432: 4431: 4426: 4425: 4420: 4419: 4413: 4410: 4409: 4403: 4402: 4397: 4396: 4389: 4386: 4385: 4380: 4379: 4373: 4370: 4369: 4363: 4360: 4359: 4354: 4353: 4348: 4347: 4341: 4338: 4337: 4331: 4328: 4327: 4321: 4318: 4317: 4310: 4307: 4306: 4299: 4296: 4295: 4289: 4286: 4285: 4280: 4279: 4274: 4273: 4267: 4264: 4263: 4257: 4254: 4253: 4248: 4247: 4242: 4241: 4236: 4235: 4229: 4226: 4225: 4220: 4219: 4214: 4213: 4207: 4204: 4203: 4198: 4197: 4190: 4187: 4186: 4181: 4180: 4175: 4174: 4169: 4168: 4162: 4159: 4158: 4153: 4152: 4147: 4146: 4140: 4137: 4136: 4130: 4129: 4124: 4123: 4116: 4113: 4112: 4107: 4106: 4100: 4099: 4097: 4095: 4091: 4082: 4077: 4075: 4070: 4068: 4063: 4062: 4059: 4047: 4044: 4043: 4041: 4037: 4031: 4029: 4025: 4023: 4021: 4017: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 4001: 3999: 3995: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3970: 3968: 3964: 3958: 3957: 3952: 3950: 3949: 3945: 3943: 3942: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3932: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3921: 3913: 3908: 3906: 3901: 3899: 3894: 3893: 3890: 3884: 3881: 3880: 3876: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3857: 3853: 3847: 3843: 3838: 3834: 3832:9780812997132 3828: 3824: 3823: 3817: 3814: 3810: 3809: 3804: 3801: 3800: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3781: 3777: 3772: 3769: 3765: 3761: 3755: 3751: 3746: 3742: 3740:0-679-41216-6 3736: 3732: 3727: 3723: 3718: 3714: 3709: 3705: 3699: 3695: 3694: 3688: 3684: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3656: 3652: 3651: 3646: 3642: 3638: 3632: 3628: 3623: 3622: 3618: 3602: 3598: 3594: 3587: 3585: 3581: 3576: 3569: 3566: 3562: 3550: 3549: 3542: 3539: 3534: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3508: 3505: 3501: 3495: 3492: 3487: 3486: 3481: 3474: 3471: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3443: 3441: 3437: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3410: 3407: 3395: 3394: 3393:The Oregonian 3389: 3382: 3379: 3375: 3370: 3367: 3362: 3355: 3353: 3349: 3336: 3332: 3325: 3322: 3318: 3317:Naval History 3315: 3309: 3306: 3302: 3296: 3293: 3289: 3283: 3280: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3248: 3245: 3232: 3226: 3223: 3218: 3212: 3208: 3207: 3199: 3196: 3183: 3179: 3175: 3168: 3166: 3164: 3160: 3157:, p. 192 3156: 3150: 3147: 3144:, p. 605 3143: 3142:Hamilton 1992 3140:Headlines in 3137: 3134: 3131:, p. 98. 3130: 3125: 3122: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3093: 3089: 3082: 3080: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3065: 3062: 3058: 3052: 3049: 3045: 3040: 3037: 3033: 3028: 3025: 3020: 3013: 3010: 3006: 3005:Hamilton 1992 3001: 2998: 2993: 2989: 2982: 2980: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2965: 2962: 2949: 2945: 2941: 2934: 2932: 2928: 2925: 2924:0-679-41216-6 2921: 2917: 2911: 2908: 2904: 2898: 2895: 2891: 2886: 2883: 2879: 2874: 2871: 2867: 2861: 2858: 2854: 2849: 2846: 2841: 2834: 2831: 2826: 2819: 2816: 2811: 2810: 2802: 2799: 2795: 2789: 2786: 2782: 2779:2:27 a.m. in 2776: 2773: 2769: 2764: 2761: 2757: 2756:Logevall 2020 2752: 2749: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2722: 2720: 2716: 2712: 2706: 2703: 2699: 2694: 2692: 2690: 2688: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2673: 2670: 2666: 2661: 2659: 2657: 2655: 2653: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2638: 2635: 2631: 2626: 2623: 2610: 2608: 2600: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2585: 2582: 2578: 2573: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2557: 2554: 2550: 2549:Hamilton 1992 2545: 2542: 2539:, p. 98. 2538: 2533: 2530: 2526: 2521: 2518: 2514: 2508: 2505: 2502:, p. 73. 2501: 2496: 2493: 2490:, p. 95. 2489: 2484: 2481: 2477: 2476:Hamilton 1992 2472: 2469: 2465: 2460: 2457: 2444: 2438: 2435: 2422: 2418: 2412: 2409: 2405: 2400: 2397: 2393: 2387: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2373: 2368: 2366: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2350: 2347: 2343: 2337: 2334: 2330: 2324: 2321: 2317: 2312: 2309: 2305: 2299: 2296: 2283: 2279: 2273: 2270: 2266: 2261: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2246: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2235:Logevall 2020 2231: 2228: 2215: 2211: 2209: 2204: 2198: 2196: 2194: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2179: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2165: 2160: 2157: 2151: 2146: 2142: 2141: 2136: 2135: 2131: 2129: 2127: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2102: 2101: 2100:McHale's Navy 2095: 2093: 2089: 2081: 2078: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2049: 2047: 2046:country music 2035: 2031: 2026: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2006: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1974: 1971: 1969: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1950: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1928: 1925: 1920: 1918: 1916: 1915: 1910: 1906: 1904: 1898: 1895: 1891: 1884: 1880: 1878: 1877:. He was 93. 1876: 1869: 1860: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1845: 1843: 1842: 1835: 1833: 1829: 1823: 1821: 1815: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1789: 1788:Naval History 1783: 1781: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1764: 1761: 1756: 1754: 1750: 1749: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1731: 1728: 1724: 1717: 1712: 1705: 1703: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1667: 1664: 1662: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1642: 1634: 1632: 1630: 1618: 1608: 1600: 1595: 1587: 1570: 1568: 1557: 1555: 1549: 1547: 1543: 1535: 1533: 1531: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1508: 1504: 1502: 1500: 1496: 1492: 1488: 1480: 1478: 1476: 1471: 1468: 1467:coastwatchers 1465: 1456: 1454: 1451: 1446: 1438: 1434: 1420: 1413: 1411: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1384: 1379: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1354: 1350: 1344: 1306: 1302: 1297: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1282: 1279: 1274: 1268: 1264: 1263: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1237: 1236: 1230: 1223: 1219: 1217: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1198: 1196: 1190: 1188: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1170: 1161: 1154: 1150: 1148: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1127: 1122: 1112: 1109: 1108:Arleigh Burke 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1085: 1081: 1073: 1068: 1062: 1054: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1029: 1025: 1022: 1019: 1016: 1013: 1010: 1007: 1004: 1001: 998: 995: 992: 989: 986: 979: 976: 973: 969: 965: 962: 959: 956: 953: 950: 949: 943: 939: 930: 924: 922: 918: 914: 905: 903: 902:Tokyo Express 899: 893: 891: 887: 886:elephantiasis 883: 879: 875: 867: 862: 860: 856: 852: 843: 835: 827: 826: 821: 817: 805: 795: 790: 786: 782: 780: 776: 772: 769: 760: 752: 742: 740: 736: 724: 720: 708: 704: 700: 698: 694: 690: 686: 676: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 649: 644: 640: 636: 630: 629: 623: 619: 612: 610: 608: 603: 601: 597: 590: 579: 575: 574:depth charges 571: 566: 564: 560: 553: 548: 542: 538: 535: 530:had a single 529: 525: 522: 516: 513: 507: 506:torpedo tubes 499: 495: 488: 486: 483: 478: 475: 469: 467: 463: 459: 451: 444: 442: 439: 434: 428: 424: 408: 403: 401: 397: 394: 390: 386: 379: 377: 375: 371: 367: 363: 359: 355: 351: 347: 344: 340: 337: 333: 332: 322: 318: 315: 314: 308: 304: 302: 301:depth charges 298: 296: 292: 289: 285: 282: 279: 275: 274:torpedo tubes 271: 270: 269: 266: 265: 261: 258: 257: 253: 250: 249: 245: 242: 241: 235: 232: 228: 227: 226: 223: 222: 218: 215: 214: 210: 207: 206: 202: 199: 198: 194: 191: 190: 187:) (full load) 186: 182: 178: 175: 174: 169: 165: 164: 158: 155: 154: 150: 147: 144: 143: 139: 136: 135: 131: 128: 127: 123: 120: 119: 116: 112: 109: 106: 105: 101: 98: 97: 94: 91: 88: 87: 83:United States 73: 68: 63: 62: 54: 49: 44: 41: 37: 33: 32:PT 109 (film) 19: 5780: 5771: 5764: 5605: 5596: 5588: 5388:Bibliography 5307: 5297: 5287: 5242: 5235:Arthur Evans 5223: 5222: 5207:Hickory Hill 5041:Presidential 4972:Space policy 4914:New Frontier 4792: 4745:Inauguration 4592: 4581: 4570: 4559: 4548: 4537: 4531: 4508: 4503: 4492: 4482: 4472: 4462: 4456: 4445: 4439: 4429: 4423: 4417: 4407: 4400: 4394: 4383: 4377: 4367: 4357: 4351: 4345: 4335: 4325: 4315: 4304: 4293: 4283: 4277: 4271: 4261: 4251: 4245: 4239: 4233: 4223: 4217: 4211: 4201: 4195: 4184: 4178: 4172: 4166: 4156: 4150: 4144: 4134: 4127: 4121: 4110: 4104: 4027: 4019: 3955: 3947: 3940: 3919: 3860: 3841: 3820: 3812: 3806: 3797: 3775: 3767: 3749: 3730: 3721: 3712: 3692: 3672: 3649: 3626: 3605:. Retrieved 3601:the original 3596: 3574: 3568: 3560: 3553:. Retrieved 3547: 3541: 3531:– via 3525:. Retrieved 3516: 3507: 3494: 3483: 3473: 3461:. Retrieved 3457:the original 3452: 3427:. Retrieved 3418: 3409: 3397:. Retrieved 3391: 3381: 3369: 3360: 3339:. Retrieved 3335:the original 3324: 3316: 3308: 3295: 3282: 3257: 3253: 3247: 3235:. Retrieved 3225: 3209:. ABC-CLIO. 3205: 3198: 3186:. Retrieved 3182:the original 3177: 3149: 3136: 3124: 3091: 3087: 3064: 3056: 3051: 3039: 3027: 3018: 3012: 3000: 2991: 2987: 2964: 2952:. Retrieved 2948:the original 2943: 2915: 2910: 2897: 2885: 2873: 2865: 2860: 2853:Donovan 2001 2848: 2839: 2833: 2824: 2818: 2808: 2801: 2788: 2783:, p. 95 2775: 2763: 2751: 2739:. Retrieved 2735:the original 2730: 2713:, p. 94 2705: 2677:Donovan 2001 2672: 2642:Donovan 2001 2637: 2630:Donovan 2001 2625: 2613:. Retrieved 2606: 2584: 2577:Donovan 2001 2561: 2556: 2544: 2537:Donovan 2001 2532: 2525:Donovan 2001 2520: 2512: 2507: 2495: 2483: 2471: 2459: 2447:. Retrieved 2437: 2425:. Retrieved 2421:the original 2411: 2399: 2386: 2349: 2341: 2336: 2323: 2311: 2303: 2298: 2286:. Retrieved 2282:the original 2272: 2230: 2218:. Retrieved 2206: 2182: 2178: 2159: 2144: 2139: 2123: 2117: 2109: 2104: 2098: 2096: 2087: 2084:21st century 2079: 2061:baby boomers 2056: 2050: 2027: 2021: 2013: 2004: 1996: 1992: 1980: 1978: 1972: 1965: 1961: 1960:when it hit 1957: 1951: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1932: 1926: 1912: 1908: 1907: 1899: 1889: 1887: 1882: 1874: 1867: 1861: 1857:Kustom Money 1852: 1848: 1846: 1840: 1836: 1831: 1827: 1824: 1819: 1817: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1786: 1784: 1765: 1759: 1757: 1752: 1746: 1742: 1739:Purple Heart 1732: 1726: 1722: 1720: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1671: 1665: 1654: 1650: 1644: 1628: 1625: 1610: 1605: 1592:Ens. U.S.N.R 1572: 1566: 1563: 1550: 1545: 1542:dugout canoe 1539: 1522: 1512: 1509:sinking site 1506: 1498: 1495:coastwatcher 1486: 1484: 1474: 1460: 1436: 1432: 1429: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1392: 1388: 1387: 1382: 1377: 1375: 1369: 1362: 1352: 1348: 1305:Ghizo Island 1300: 1298: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1283: 1277: 1275: 1271:902 soldiers 1267:Kolombangara 1261: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1241: 1234: 1221: 1201: 1199: 1194: 1191: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1172: 1168: 1166: 1152: 1140: 1136: 1132: 1125: 1120: 1118: 1092: 1084:Kolombangara 1076: 1071: 1047: 1039: 1033: 1023: 1017: 1011: 1005: 999: 993: 987: 977: 963: 957: 951: 937: 928: 920: 916: 915:and sinking 912: 906: 894: 863: 850: 841: 833: 824: 801: 793: 759:Panama Canal 750: 748: 734: 715:27 September 712: 682: 647: 643:Liberty ship 634: 633: 627: 621: 606: 604: 599: 595: 588: 577: 569: 567: 551: 549: 527: 526: 517: 503: 497: 479: 470: 457: 456: 435: 406: 404: 388: 387: 383: 373: 365: 330: 329: 328: 176:Displacement 162: 140:19 July 1942 132:20 June 1942 124:4 March 1942 92: 64:, circa 1942 60: 52: 40: 5727:Ted Kennedy 5613:Yad Kennedy 4865:Vietnam War 4845:Peace Corps 4716:(1947–1953) 4704:(1953–1960) 4696:(1961–1963) 4365:19 August: 4030:(2015 book) 4022:(2002 film) 3129:Dallek 2003 2994:(6): 70–77. 2488:Dallek 2003 2404:Dallek 2003 2316:Dallek 2003 2288:22 February 2164:PT Boat 127 2008:, starring 1903:Max Kennedy 1776:Oval Office 1594:Exec. 109. 1330: / 1281:seaplanes. 1210:New Britain 859:New Georgia 840:. Although 820:Guadalcanal 808:23 February 755:Squadron 14 665:Guadalcanal 508:containing 149:Hull symbol 5809:1942 ships 5803:Categories 5753:(hamsters) 5669:(grandson) 5639:(daughter) 5487:Memorials, 5212:La Querida 4740:Transition 4726:Presidency 4571:Abner Read 4538:Kembu Maru 4483:Niels Juel 4094:Shipwrecks 3869:B0007HSN7S 3500:Doyle 2015 3374:Doyle 2015 3155:Doyle 2015 3069:Doyle 2015 3044:Doyle 2015 3032:Doyle 2015 2969:Doyle 2015 2944:The Beacon 2903:Doyle 2015 2890:Doyle 2015 2794:Doyle 2015 2781:Doyle 2015 2768:Doyle 2015 2711:Doyle 2015 2698:Doyle 2015 2665:Doyle 2015 2589:Doyle 2015 2500:Doyle 2015 2392:Doyle 2015 2355:Doyle 2015 2329:Doyle 2015 2265:Doyle 2015 2250:Doyle 2015 2034:Jimmy Dean 1554:Tommy guns 1519:Mount Veve 1464:Melanesian 1336: ( 1224:, 2 August 1220:Rammed by 1214:New Guinea 825:Rochambeau 812:Squadron 2 731:Squadron 4 727:2 December 697:Inga Arvad 673:2 February 669:7 December 259:Complement 236:3 × shafts 224:Propulsion 5729:(brother) 5717:(brother) 5687:(brother) 5604:USS 5595:USS 5489:namesakes 5343:reactions 5118:Elections 4626:July 1943 4591:USS 4580:USS 4569:USS 4558:USS 4547:USS 4530:HMS 4502:HMS 4455:HMS 4406:USS 4393:USS 4314:HMS 4305:John Penn 4303:USS 4194:USS 4179:Lombardia 4009:1963 Film 4004:1962 Song 3983:Reg Evans 3671:(2001) . 3555:29 August 3399:2 January 3341:2 January 3237:25 August 2868:, p. 100. 2220:2 January 2152:Citations 1706:Aftermath 1611:NAURO ISL 1491:Reg Evans 1105:Commander 982:8 October 968:37 mm gun 882:dysentery 624:on board 572:were two 544:(12.7 mm) 438:U.S. Navy 352:, in the 348:, future 321:splinters 293:2 × twin 281:torpedoes 251:Endurance 183:(57 181:long tons 137:Completed 121:Laid down 5854:PT boats 5787:Category 5745:Pushinka 5723:(sister) 5711:(sister) 5705:(sister) 5699:(sister) 5693:(sister) 5681:(mother) 5675:(father) 5333:timeline 5043:speeches 4793:Resolute 4731:timeline 4593:Stingray 4589:31 Aug: 4578:30 Aug: 4567:18 Aug: 4556:11 Aug: 4545:10 Aug: 4504:Parthian 4490:30 Aug: 4480:29 Aug: 4470:28 Aug: 4453:27 Aug: 4437:25 Aug: 4415:24 Aug: 4401:Riilahti 4391:23 Aug: 4375:20 Aug: 4343:18 Aug: 4333:16 Aug: 4323:15 Aug: 4312:14 Aug: 4301:13 Aug: 4291:12 Aug: 4269:11 Aug: 4224:Kawakaze 4218:Hagikaze 4196:Plymouth 3647:(2003). 3607:6 August 3577:: 53–57. 3521:Archived 3429:5 August 3423:Archived 3274:11796316 3116:22098834 3108:17153583 2954:21 March 2842:. p. 20. 2564:, p. 19. 2375:Archived 2344:, p. 17. 2306:, p. 16. 2203:"PT-109" 2167:Archived 2132:See also 2092:G.I. Joe 2036:reached 2030:"PT-109" 1864:2 August 1751:(a.k.a. 1655:Hagikaze 1579:August 1 1515:2 August 1424:2 August 1372:explodes 1317:156°56′E 1244:2 August 1089:1 August 1028:the song 927:Crew on 909:1 August 838:23 April 830:14 April 671:1942 to 563:foredeck 537:Oerlikon 489:Armament 427:Brooklyn 267:Armament 159:Sunk by 151:: PT-109 129:Launched 5217:Wexford 5179:debates 4750:Cabinet 4528:4 Aug: 4326:LST-414 4316:Saracen 4259:9 Aug: 4231:7 Aug: 4209:6 Aug: 4192:5 Aug: 4167:Catania 4164:4 Aug: 4142:3 Aug: 4118:2 Aug: 4102:1 Aug: 4039:Related 3956:Amagiri 3935:PT boat 3527:3 March 3254:Urology 2615:28 June 2449:14 June 2427:14 June 2210:(DANFS) 2069:⁄ 2044:on the 1966:Amagiri 1958:Amagiri 1939:Amagiri 1875:Amagiri 1841:Peleliu 1797:Amigiri 1582:burned. 1408:Amagiri 1353:Amagiri 1307:, near 1294:Amagiri 1290:Amagiri 1262:Amagiri 1238:in 1930 1235:Amagiri 1222:Amagiri 890:colitis 874:malaria 870:16 June 768:Senator 596:hot run 482:transom 474:V-drive 445:Engines 431:56 tons 419:10 July 415:20 June 411:4 March 360:during 356:of the 339:PT boat 163:Amagiri 107:Builder 99:Ordered 70:History 27:PT boat 5633:(wife) 5623:Family 5381:Legacy 5311:(1958) 5301:(1956) 5291:(1940) 5224:PT-109 4886:ExComm 4869:Cuba: 4408:SC-694 4352:Cha-12 4212:Arashi 4135:Alcyon 4133:V 420 4122:PT-109 3966:People 3941:PT-109 3920:PT-109 3867: 3848: 3829: 3808:Argosy 3782: 3756: 3737: 3700: 3679: 3657: 3633: 3272: 3213: 3188:10 May 3114: 3106: 2922: 2607:PT-109 2212:. 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