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469:. On 19 November 1954, the tallest building in the palace complex, Panggung Sangga Buwana, was burned and most of the building, including the roof and decoration in the top of building, was destroyed. On 31 January 1985, the core of palace was burned down at 9.00 pm. The fire happened in Sasana Parasdya, Sasana Sewaka, Sasana Handrawina, Dalem Ageng Prabasuyasa, Dayinta, and Paningrat. The entire building, including the furnitures, was completely destroyed.
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207:. Some of his uncles, who were the same age as him, were also educated in this school. RM. Soerjo Goeritno was a friendly pupil and had a close friendship with his classmates without considering his social status. Since his childhood, he was fond of studying Javanese classical dances, especially Handaga and Garuda dances. He often recited
296:. RM. Soerjo Goeritno was chosen as Pakubuwono XII because of his young age and ability to adapt to a new situation. Although a new king had been agreed on, a new problem emerged. His coronation plan was once opposed by the Japanese colonial government, who stated that they didn't dare to guarantee the safety of future king.
313:. Due to his young age, he was often accompanied by his mother, GKR. Pakubuwono (popularly known as Ibu Ageng or Great Mother), in carrying out his daily duties. Pakubuwono XII was often nicknamed as Sinuhun Hamardika, because he became the first Susuhunan of Surakarta who reigned in independence era.
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On 26 September 1995, by
Presidential Decree no. 70/SKEP/IX/1995, Pakubuwono XII was awarded Struggle Prize and Medal of Generation '45 from central government. The award was given as a form of honor for Pakubuwono XII as the first king in Indonesia to swear allegiance and stand behind the republic
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to the ministerial council in
Jakarta. On that occasion, he explained that the government of the special region couldn't overcome unrest and gnawing with armed threat, while the government of a special region didn't have power apparatus. However, the attempt was unsuccessful. Eventually, Pakubuwono
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for
Surakarta. On 1 June 1945, his father died. According to Javanese tradition, the heir must be the Pakubuwono XI's eldest son, Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Haryo Mangkoeboemi. However, the opportunity was closed as his mother, GKR. Kentjana (the first wife of Pakubuwono XI), had died in 1910, so she
540:. On 18–19 July 2009, there was a ceremony in the kraton where the enthronement anniversary was conducted with the sacred Bedoyo Dance performed for the ceremony. The attendees consisted of various local and foreign dignitaries as well as Hangebehi's half-brother Tedjowulan.
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couldn't be appointed as queen consort when her husband was crowned. RM. Soerjo
Goeritno subsequently became the heir despite being the youngest son, proven with the fact that he didn't attend his father's funeral in
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In his early rule, Pakubuwono XII was viewed as a ruler who failed in taking an important role and using the political situation of
Indonesia, which caused his prestige to be lower than that of Hamengkubuwono IX of
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Although in his early reign, Pakubuwono XII was politically less successful, he still became the patron figure of
Javanese culture. In reformation era, many national figures, such as President
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and underwent intensive care in Panti Kosala Dr. Oen
Hospital, Surakarta. Eventually, Pakubuwono XII was pronounced dead on 11 June 2004. At the same time of the death of Pakubuwono XII,
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from
President Sukarno, which meant he often accompanied the president to observe battlefields. Between 12–13 October 1945, Pakubuwono XII even led an assault on the headquarters of
188:, Kanjeng Raden Ayu Koesparijah (styled Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Pakubuwono). RM. Soerjo Goeritno also had a half-sister namely Gusti Raden Ayu Koes Saparijam (styled GKR. Kedaton).
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480:, a national cultural observer who was also Pakubuwono XII's friend, was one of the member of Committee 13. Surakarta Palace was fully rehabilitated after obtaining 4 million
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393:. As commonly occurred in a country, an opposition faction who did not support the governmental system of PM Syahrir emerged, for example the group of General Soedirman.
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government in the early independence era. Pakubuwono XII also voluntarily contributed a half of his personal and royal wealth to central government in that era.
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Upon his death in 2004, there was no clear heir as there was no official queen installed. Two of his sons who were half-brothers claimed the throne.
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Pakubuwono XII had actually attempted to regain the special status of
Surakarta. On 15 January 1952, Pakubuwono XII explained extensively about
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Barisan
Banteng successfully took control of Surakarta without being eradicated by the Indonesian government due to Gen. Soedirman's protection.
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The Netherlands who didn't consent to Indonesian independence attempted to violently seize their former colony. In January 1946, the capital of
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Towards the end of his reign, he was able to stake the claim of his palaces' context in the modern Indonesia by the publication of
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about the fire in Surakarta Palace. The president reacted by forming Committee 13 who was tasked to rehabilitate the palace.
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Setiadi, Bram; Wiwoho, B., 1948–; Hadi, Sam; Majid, Nurcholish, 1939–; Sumodiningrat, Gunawan; Tri Handayani, D. S (2001),
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As Yogyakarta became a capital, Surakarta which had been an old rival became a center of opposition. The radicals namely
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subdistrict). He also led an assault on the headquarters of Kido Butai in Mangkubumen (now in Banjarsari subdistrict).
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to attend education in Jakarta in 1954. He appointed his uncle, KGPH. Koesoemojoedo, as his temporary representative.
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Heroic Decoration in Guerilla Struggle in Defending Independence, issued by President Sukarno on November 10, 1958
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separately issue royal decrees which congratulated to the newly founded Republic of Indonesia, 4 days before
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even successfully persuaded the government to abolish the special status of Surakarta. From 1 June 1946,
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from the government. The renovation of palace complex was finished and it was inaugurated in 1987.
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Family consensus has now acknowledged that Hangabehi is the rightful heir and is now titled SISKS
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RM. Soerjo Goeritno was crowned as Pakubuwono XII on 11 June 1945, approximately 2-months before
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Karaton Surakarta : a look into the court of Surakarta Hadiningrat, Central Java
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son of KRAy. Kusumaningrum, styled as Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Harya Puspa Hadikusuma.
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son of KRAy. Pradapaningrum, styled as Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Harya Hangabehi, then
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son of KRAy. Riya Ragasmara, styled as Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Harya Hadi Prabawa.
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deliberately abducted Pakubuwono XII and Sutan Syahrir as a protest against the
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had been occupied by the Dutch. At that time, Indonesian government was led by
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Karaton Surakarta: A Look into the Court of Surakarta Hadiningrat, Central Java
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and SMA Negeri 5 Bandung) with some uncles. After being schooled for 2 years,
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daughter of KRAy. Pradapaningrum, styled as Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Ratna Dumilah.
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daughter of KRAy. Pradapaningrum, styled as Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Sekar Kencana.
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daughter of KRAy. Pradapaningrum, styled as Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Galuh Kencana.
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Raja di alam republik : Keraton Kasunanan Surakarta dan Paku Buwono XII
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daughter of KRAy. Pradapaningrum, styled as Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Wandansari.
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Award for Building Service of Indonesian War Force, issued by President
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Before ascending to the throne, RM. Soerjo Goeritno was appointed as
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daughter of KRAy. Pradapaningrum, styled as Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Hayu.
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daughter of KRAy. Mandayaningrum, styled as Gusti Kanjeng Ratu Alit.
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styled as Kanjeng Gusti Pangeran Harya Panembahan Agung Tejawulan.
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973:"Solo Journal; The Coffee Shop King, 80, With Ladies in Waiting,"
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with Mr. Tjondrowijoto, a teacher in Mambaul Ulum. He also liked
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After Proclamation of Independence, on 1 September 1945, he and
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Sasana Sewaka Keraton, Royal residence of Pakubuwono, Surakarta
150:) and the longest ruling of all monarchs in Surakarta history.
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were granted Special Region's Charter from President Sukarno.
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After that, RM. Soerjo Goeritno continued his education in
142:, 14 April 1925 – Surakarta, 11 June 2004) was the twelfth
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In his childhood, RM. Soerjo Goeritno was educated in an
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from website Santri Gus Dur: Komunitas Pemikiran Gusdur
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Paku Buwono, Sunan of Surakarta XII, 1925– XII (2006),
347:, Pakubuwono XII was awarded titular military rank of
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Titular rank of lieutenant-general (November 1, 1945)
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Abdurrahman Wahid: Keraton dan Perjalanan Budayanya.
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Satyalencana Perang Kemerdekaan II (August 17, 1958)
914:"In a Sultanate Known as Solo, One Too Many Kings,"
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Satyalencana Perang Kemerdekaan I (August 17, 1958)
168:which was published in the same year of his death.
51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
705:GRM. Surjo Sudhiro/Gusti Pangeran Haryo Notokusumo
472:On 5 February 1985, Pakubuwono XII told President
930:KGPH Tedjowulan: Reviving the place of Surakarta'
777:Awarded Indonesian Veteran Card on June 8, 1968.
521:(palace) and expelled his younger half-brother
465:In his reign, there were two catastrophes in
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859:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
817:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
503:In the middle of 2004, Pakubuwana fell into
711:GRM. Surjo Sudarsono/GPH. Widjojo Sudarsono
203:, Surakarta. He was nicknamed Bobby by his
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953:A History of Modern Indonesia: 3rd Edition
863:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
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543:In 2017, further developments of crowning
517:The older, Hangabehi, took control of the
955:. Palgrave and Stanford University Press.
730:GRM. Surjo Sutrisno/GPH. Surjo Witjaksono
180:: ꦫꦢꦺꦤ꧀ꦩꦱ꧀ꦯꦸꦂꦪꦓꦫꦶꦠ꧀ꦤ), he was the son of
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
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495:, still respected him as elder of Java.
798:(Cet. 1 ed.), Bina Rena Pariwara,
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509:2004 Indonesian presidential election
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748:GRM. Surjo Wahono/GPH. Surjo Mataram
733:GRM. Nur Muhammad/GPH. Tjahjoningrat
219:, his grandfather, to leave for the
49:adding citations to reliable sources
693:GRM. Surjo Suparto/KGPH. Dipokusumo
669:GRM. Surjo Suseno/KGPH. Kusumojudho
547:resolved the 13-year long dispute.
255:Armed Forces of the Empire of Japan
176:Born as Raden Mas Soerjo Goeritno (
708:GRM. Surjo Suharso/GPH. Madukusuma
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272:Pakubuwono XI asked him to leave
978:December 5, 2002, by Jane Perlez
878:Paku Buwono – Keraton Surakarta.
699:GRM. Surjo Bandrijo/KGPH. Benowo
675:Gusti Raden Ajeng Kus Isbandiyah
655:Gusti Raden Ajeng Kus Handariyah
618:Gusti Raden Ajeng Kus Handawiyah
605:Kanjeng Raden Ayu Ratnadiningrum
599:Kanjeng Raden Ayu Pradapaningrum
596:Kanjeng Raden Ayu Riya Ragasmara
593:Kanjeng Raden Ayu Mandayaningrum
328:'s decree. On 6 September 1945,
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602:Kanjeng Raden Ayu Kusumaningrum
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901:Solo: Paku Buwono XII Mangkat.
725:Gusti Raden Ajeng Kus Indriyah
714:Gusti Raden Ajeng Kus Murtiyah
687:GRM. Surjo Bandono/KGPH. Puger
634:Gusti Raden Mas Surya Suprapta
345:Indonesian War of Independence
243:Hogereburgerschool te Bandoeng
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639:Gusti Raden Ajeng Kus Supiyah
624:Gusti Raden Mas Surya Partana
608:Kanjeng Raden Ayu Pujaningrum
223:with other local monarchs in
680:Gusti Raden Mas Surya Suteja
682:son of KRAy. Ratnadiningrum
455:Special Region of Surakarta
127:Pakubuwono XII in his youth
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962:. Yogyakarta: Media Ilmu.
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511:took place in Surakarta.
311:Independence of Indonesia
261:, then Dutch East Indies
193:Europeesche Lagere School
644:Gusti Raden Mas Suryana
410:government of Indonesia
400:(meaning "Ox Front" in
1038:Susuhunan of Surakarta
995:Susuhunan of Surakarta
960:Sejarah Raja-Raja Jawa
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719:GRAy. Kus Sabandijah
663:GRAy. Kus Sapardijah
652:GRAy. Kus Saparnijah
499:Death and succession
355:in Kemlayan (now in
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739:GRAy. Kus Ismanijah
660:GRAy. Kus Kristijah
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551:Line of Succession
305:War of Independence
1043:Indonesian royalty
1033:Burials at Imogiri
919:February 17, 2008.
771:on October 5, 1958
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722:GRAy. Kus Trinijah
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1028:2004 deaths
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949:Ricklefs MC
426:was only a
360:subdistrict
251:Pacific War
221:Netherlands
1017:Categories
999:1945–2004
943:Literature
782:References
523:Tedjowulan
448:Yogyakarta
402:Indonesian
375:Yogyakarta
364:Banjarsari
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201:Pasar Legi
172:Early life
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404:) led by
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292:, future
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140:Surakarta
101:June 2021
976:NY Times
951:. 2001.
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813:citation
613:Children
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420:Sudirman
377:because
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184:and his
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769:Sukarno
482:rupiahs
430:within
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379:Jakarta
343:During
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279:Imogiri
274:Bandung
229:jubilee
213:archery
205:friends
85:scholar
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802:
583:Family
519:kraton
460:palace
245:(now
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
588:Wives
334:Duchy
209:Quran
197:Dutch
92:JSTOR
78:books
865:link
861:link
842:ISBN
823:link
819:link
800:ISBN
505:coma
417:Gen.
332:and
324:and
300:Rule
263:fell
64:news
385:as
336:of
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231:of
47:by
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932:,
857:}}
853:{{
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811:{{
450:.
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269:.
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75:·
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41:.
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