591:
607:
575:
31:
388:. Its plumage is all white except for black areas in its wings and tail. It has a red patch around each eye. The juvenile, which takes 3–4 years to mature, is brown with yellow eye-patches. In flight, this species resembles an eagle more than a typical vulture, and it can sustain flapping flight, so it does not depend on thermals. With its extensive white plumage, and black wing- and tail-feathers, the adult palm-nut vulture can be crudely mistaken for both the
75:
2318:
563:
532:
50:
556:. There are no current species specific conservation initiatives as this species is the only vulture species in South Africa where the population size is increasing. The importance of maintaining this is that the South African satellite population in producing dispersing birds that are contributing to maintaining the Mozambique population (and hence the larger metapopulation).
549:
are not well understood. The low population size makes the species vulnerable to stochastic events. In
Mozambique Parker (1999) observed that cutting down of coastal forest was threatening breeding habitat. The main threat to this species in South Africa is habitat loss. Open cast sand dune mining and urban expansion have reduced suitable habitats.
540:
breeding season, pairs soar together in an aerial display of rolling and diving, much more acrobatic than most vultures. During each breeding cycle, a single, white and brown egg is laid, which is incubated by both sexes, over a period of four to six weeks. Normally around 85 to 90 days after hatching, the young brown chicks will fledge.
548:
This species is widespread throughout much of Africa, overall fairly common and with a stable population. It is rarer and much more localized in South Africa, although not considered to be under any form of immediate threat in that country. That being said, the threats to this species in South Africa
539:
Breeding pairs construct large stick nests high up in tall trees and will often exhibit a strong attachment to the nest site. They may stay at the nesting site for an entire year. Where Raphia Palms are present, breeding pairs will build a nest at the base of the palm fronds. At the beginning of the
399:
The sexes are identical in appearance, with the female being the same size as the male. Juveniles on the other hand are predominately brown with partially black wings and take a lengthy three to four years to make the transition into the adult plumage.
408:
Palm-nut vultures are found throughout most of the coastal areas of the
African continent from The Gambia to Kenya and as far South as South Africa. The total African population is estimated to be 80,000 pairs. There are approximately 40 birds in
435:
at all permanently occupied sites, and the existence of this species at
Mtunzini is entirely due to the artificial cultivation of Raffia palms. Currently there are 7 known nesting sites in South Africa and a total of 40 individual birds.
1112:
HOLT, P. (February 1994). "MUNDY, P., BUTCHART, D., LEDGER, J. and PIPER, S.The vultures of Africa. Academic Press, London: 1992 (originally published by Acorn Books, Johannesburg: 1992). Pp 460; illustrated. Price: ÂŁ55.00".
928:
HOLT, P. (February 1994). "MUNDY, P., BUTCHART, D., LEDGER, J. and PIPER, S.The vultures of Africa. Academic Press, London: 1992 (originally published by Acorn Books, Johannesburg: 1992). Pp 460; illustrated. Price: ÂŁ55.00".
416:
The only
Southern African subregions to have resident breeding pairs of palm-nut vultures are South Africa and Mozambique. The breeding distribution of the palm-nut vulture during the 1970s census period was centred on the
590:
383:
This is a nearly unmistakable bird as an adult. At 1.3–1.7 kg (2.9–3.7 lb) in weight, 60 cm (2.0 ft) in length and with a wingspan of 1.50 m (4.9 ft), this is the smallest
552:
The cultivation of Raphia palms for its ornamental value is currently increasing providing food and nesting sites. There is also a large portion of its habitat protected by the
487:. These fruits make up over 60% of the adult bird's diet and over 90% of the juvenile bird's diet. It has also been recorded to feed on crabs (both freshwater and marine),
825:
Pawson, Lara (October 1994). "Stuart Mclean, South
African Golf Courses: a portrait of the best. Cape Town: Struik Publishers, 1993, 144 pp., ÂŁ29.99, ISBN 1 86825 338 4".
606:
3761:
3936:
3800:
3926:
3906:
290:. It is quite approachable, like many African vultures, and can be seen near habitation, even on large hotel lawns in the tourist areas of countries such as
464:
Unusual for birds of prey, the palm-nut vulture feeds mainly on the fleshy fruit-husks of the oil palm and on the palm-fruits of Raffia palms, as well as
1923:
451:
sp.) palms. Consequently, it is most common in coastal forests and mangrove swamps below 1,500 m (4,900 ft), but also occurs in wet savannas.
1073:
Carneiro, C.; Henriques, M.; Barbosa, C.; Tchantchalam, Q.; Regalla, A.; PatrĂcio, A.R.; Catry, P. (2017). "Ecology and behaviour of palm-nut vultures
574:
3735:
1036:
Ferguson-Lees, J. & Christie, D.A. & Franklin, K. & Mead, D. & Burton, P.. (2001). Raptors of the world. Helm
Identification Guides.
3774:
3813:
1208:
1134:
950:
763:
753:
3921:
779:
661:
Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
1323:
1175:
1046:
Mikula, P.; Morelli, F.; LuÄŤan, R. K.; Jones, D. N.; Tryjanowski, P. (2016). "Bats as prey of diurnal birds: a global perspective".
3931:
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3722:
1916:
3779:
1415:
2317:
1405:
3916:
3657:
675:
337:
3857:
348:
in London included two specimens that had been collected in Angola. The palm-nut vulture is now placed in the genus
336:. Gmelin based his description on the "Angola vulture" that had been described in 1781 by the English ornithologist
74:
3805:
885:
van Zyl, Anthony (November 2006). "Raptors of the world: a field guide by James
Ferguson-Lees and David Christie".
718:
1020:
3596:
1909:
562:
553:
3623:
597:
1679:
655:
307:
203:
30:
3644:
3558:
1709:
3662:
641:(errata version published in 2019). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22695170A157472666.
3911:
1886:
1316:
642:
330:
186:
2412:
2402:
2891:
2204:
2022:
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1810:
1669:
1649:
2613:
2140:
581:
345:
303:
39:
2900:
2603:
2157:
3670:
3289:
3252:
3228:
2685:
2553:
1794:
1785:
1224:
Lamm, Donald W. (May 1953). "Comments on certain records from northern Sul do Save, Mozambique".
1094:
999:
910:
858:
850:
389:
279:
69:
2645:
2593:
2533:
2177:
2103:
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353:
283:
268:
264:
163:
664:(in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 1 (13th ed.). Lipsiae : Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 252.
3831:
3269:
2787:
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1989:
1974:
1769:
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1309:
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1086:
1055:
983:
938:
894:
834:
722:
431:
393:
3852:
3649:
439:
As the name suggests, the distribution of the palm-nut vulture closely tracks that of oil (
3343:
2350:
2335:
2293:
2036:
1933:
1689:
1599:
1590:
804:
613:
316:
126:
3883:
2849:
2379:
2001:
1937:
1744:
1735:
1699:
1395:
1280:
531:
469:
248:
396:, but clearly lacks the chestnut body of the former and the white tail of the latter.
3900:
3787:
3528:
3479:
3409:
3391:
3161:
3113:
2877:
2821:
2814:
2794:
2523:
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1515:
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1440:
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1003:
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357:
311:
59:
54:
1167:
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3279:
3127:
3027:
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3006:
2937:
2771:
2675:
2583:
2440:
2261:
2059:
1719:
1465:
1456:
974:
Gidlow, R.M. (September 2002). "The history of exchange controls in South Africa".
659:
515:, even reptiles’ eggs and hatchlings, and it has been known to occasionally attack
410:
325:
236:
232:
228:
136:
3727:
3675:
1237:
1090:
3844:
3748:
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2760:
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2502:
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704:(in German). Vol. Vögel. Frankfurt am Main: S. Schmerber. p. 46, note.
496:
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287:
272:
240:
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2863:
2835:
2828:
2715:
2696:
2461:
2359:
2224:
2080:
2052:
1968:
1881:
1543:
1263:
Thomson, A. L.; Moreau, R. E. (1957). "Feeding habits of the palm-nut vulture
1126:
987:
942:
898:
726:
372:
291:
146:
3581:
1245:
1144:
995:
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906:
846:
3486:
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3075:
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2130:
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2045:
1386:
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368:
86:
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3463:
3438:
3398:
3235:
3172:
3152:
3055:
2964:
2927:
2856:
2705:
2167:
2147:
2123:
1956:
1350:
684:. Vol. 1, Part 1. London: Printed for Leigh and Sotheby. p. 18.
488:
426:
422:
106:
780:"Palm-nut vulture videos, photos and facts — Gypohierax angolensis"
3740:
3631:
3472:
3262:
3066:
3013:
2635:
1547:
1332:
854:
520:
516:
512:
492:
244:
1059:
3618:
3377:
3188:
3082:
2753:
2268:
1950:
1344:
643:
https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22695170A157472666.en
504:
481:
352:
that was introduced for the species in 1836 by the German naturalist
96:
3753:
3701:
3552:
838:
3839:
3696:
2971:
1962:
530:
477:
473:
321:
252:
3818:
2732:
1640:
1356:
508:
484:
429:. Its distribution is linked to the presence of the Raffia palm
116:
3714:
3556:
2333:
1987:
1905:
1870:
1541:
1369:
1305:
500:
282:, usually near water, its range coinciding with that of the
1301:
1032:
1030:
320:. He placed it with the eagles, hawks and falcons in the
251:, vultures, and eagles). It is the only member of the
727:"Hoatzin, New World vultures, Secretarybird, raptors"
701:
3285:
3275:
3258:
3248:
3224:
3214:
2933:
2923:
2888:
2721:
2711:
2681:
2671:
2661:
2651:
2641:
2631:
2619:
2609:
2599:
2589:
2579:
2569:
2559:
2549:
2539:
2529:
2519:
2509:
2497:
2487:
2477:
2467:
2457:
2418:
2408:
2398:
2347:
2274:
2250:
2240:
2230:
2220:
2210:
2200:
2190:
2173:
2163:
2153:
2136:
2119:
2109:
2099:
2033:
2018:
1015:
1013:
3565:
3462:
3428:
3408:
3367:
3333:
3306:
3205:
3171:
3151:
3096:
3065:
2947:
2910:
2887:
2804:
2770:
2695:
2448:
2439:
2389:
2369:
2346:
2292:
2090:
2032:
2009:
2000:
1833:
1808:
1783:
1758:
1733:
1638:
1613:
1588:
1563:
1504:
1479:
1454:
1429:
1384:
1296:
Species text in The Atlas of
Southern African Birds
805:"Palm-nut Vulture — Gypohierax angolensis"
1917:
1317:
8:
1077:in the BijagĂłs Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau".
1021:"Palm-nut Vulture | the Peregrine Fund"
755:The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names
3553:
2916:
2445:
2343:
2330:
2006:
1997:
1984:
1924:
1910:
1902:
1867:
1560:
1538:
1381:
1366:
1324:
1310:
1302:
48:
29:
20:
1191:Lattke, Michael (2005-05-10). "Vorwort".
976:South African Journal of Economic History
758:. London: Christopher Helm. p. 183.
278:It breeds in forest and savannah across
235:(which also includes many other diurnal
627:
558:
310:in his revised and expanded edition of
633:
631:
271:, which are in a separate family, the
3937:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Gmelin
880:
878:
876:
874:
872:
733:. International Ornithologists' Union
713:
711:
7:
3927:Birds of prey of Sub-Saharan Africa
3907:IUCN Red List least concern species
511:and their nestlings, snakes, other
1281:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1957.tb03053.x
14:
306:in 1788 by the German naturalist
2316:
1162:. Academic Press Limited. 1982.
731:IOC World Bird List Version 12.2
605:
589:
573:
561:
73:
1168:10.5040/9781472926982.part-0185
367:meaning "hawk". The species is
267:(only distantly related to the
645:. Downloaded on 22 April 2020.
356:. The genus name combines the
1:
1416:Greater yellow-headed vulture
1238:10.1080/00306525.1953.9632608
1091:10.2989/00306525.2017.1291540
637:BirdLife International 2016.
1406:Lesser yellow-headed vulture
3922:Birds of the Gulf of Guinea
1115:Archives of Natural History
931:Archives of Natural History
681:A General Synopsis of Birds
342:A General Synopsis of Birds
3953:
1201:10.13109/9783666539572.vii
752:Jobling, James A. (2010).
2919:
2342:
2329:
2314:
1996:
1983:
1945:
1877:
1866:
1559:
1537:
1380:
1365:
1339:
1127:10.3366/anh.1994.21.1.136
988:10.1080/10113430209511143
943:10.3366/anh.1994.21.1.136
899:10.2989/00306520609485540
554:Isimangaliso Wetland Park
340:in his multi-volume work
302:The palm-nut vulture was
192:
185:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
1940:and their extinct allies
782:. ARKive. Archived from
656:Gmelin, Johann Friedrich
598:Semliki Wildlife Reserve
568:Head of palm-nut vulture
404:Distribution and habitat
3932:Birds described in 1788
1849:Trigonoceps occipitalis
1495:Gymnogyps californianus
363:meaning "vulture" with
308:Johann Friedrich Gmelin
1710:Slender-billed vulture
725:, eds. (August 2022).
536:
3884:Gypohierax-angolensis
3624:gypohierax-angolensis
3611:Gypohierax_angolensis
3597:Gypohierax angolensis
3567:Gypohierax angolensis
1887:Indian vulture crisis
1774:Neophron percnopterus
1629:Gypohierax angolensis
1420:Cathartes melambrotus
1410:Cathartes burrovianus
1195:. pp. VII–VIII.
1075:Gypohierax angolensis
639:Gypohierax angolensis
534:
455:Behaviour and ecology
220:Gypohierax angolensis
196:Gypohierax angolensis
1845:White-headed vulture
1820:Lappet-faced vulture
1749:Necrosyrtes monachus
1670:White-backed vulture
1650:White-rumped vulture
1193:Oden Salomos. Teil 3
225:vulturine fish eagle
1824:Torgos tracheliotos
1160:The Birds of Africa
807:. oiseaux-birds.com
596:Adult in flight in
582:Selous Game Reserve
544:Conservation status
346:Leverian Collection
40:Conservation status
3917:Old World vultures
1795:Red-headed vulture
1552:Old World vultures
1373:New World vultures
1294:Palmnut Vulture -
721:; Donsker, David;
537:
503:, alate termites,
499:, termites, alate
390:African fish-eagle
304:formally described
280:sub-Saharan Africa
269:New World vultures
178:G. angolensis
3894:
3893:
3827:Open Tree of Life
3559:Taxon identifiers
3550:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3092:
3091:
2986:Cryptoleucopteryx
2413:Amphiserpentarius
2325:
2324:
2312:
2311:
2288:
2287:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1714:Gyps tenuirostris
1680:RĂĽppell's vulture
1664:Gyps himalayensis
1660:Himalayan vulture
1604:Gypaetus barbatus
1579:Aegypius monachus
1575:Cinereous vulture
1533:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1491:California condor
1470:Sarcoramphus papa
1210:978-3-525-53957-6
1136:978-0-12-510585-9
1060:10.1111/mam.12060
952:978-0-12-510585-9
765:978-1-4081-2501-4
723:Rasmussen, Pamela
612:Adult on nest at
580:Immature bird in
507:, small mammals,
442:Elaeis guineensis
386:Old World vulture
265:Old World vulture
211:
210:
167:
63:
24:Palm-nut vulture
3944:
3887:
3886:
3874:
3873:
3861:
3860:
3848:
3847:
3835:
3834:
3822:
3821:
3809:
3808:
3796:
3795:
3783:
3782:
3770:
3769:
3757:
3756:
3744:
3743:
3731:
3730:
3718:
3717:
3705:
3704:
3692:
3691:
3679:
3678:
3666:
3665:
3653:
3652:
3640:
3639:
3637:14885C181A91C21A
3627:
3626:
3614:
3613:
3601:
3600:
3599:
3586:
3585:
3584:
3554:
3287:
3277:
3260:
3250:
3226:
3216:
2935:
2925:
2917:
2892:Archaehieraxinae
2890:
2788:Erythrotriorchis
2723:
2713:
2683:
2673:
2663:
2653:
2643:
2633:
2621:
2611:
2601:
2591:
2581:
2571:
2561:
2551:
2541:
2531:
2521:
2511:
2499:
2489:
2482:Apatosagittarius
2479:
2469:
2459:
2446:
2420:
2410:
2400:
2349:
2344:
2331:
2320:
2276:
2252:
2242:
2232:
2222:
2212:
2202:
2192:
2175:
2165:
2155:
2138:
2121:
2111:
2101:
2035:
2023:Parasarcoramphus
2020:
2007:
1998:
1990:Accipitrimorphae
1985:
1975:Accipitrimorphae
1926:
1919:
1912:
1903:
1868:
1799:Sarcogyps calvus
1770:Egyptian vulture
1654:Gyps bengalensis
1625:Palm-nut vulture
1561:
1539:
1445:Coragyps atratus
1382:
1367:
1326:
1319:
1312:
1303:
1284:
1250:
1249:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1070:
1064:
1063:
1043:
1037:
1034:
1025:
1024:
1017:
1008:
1007:
971:
965:
964:
925:
919:
918:
893:(3–4): 235–236.
882:
867:
866:
822:
816:
815:
813:
812:
801:
795:
794:
792:
791:
776:
770:
769:
749:
743:
742:
740:
738:
715:
706:
705:
692:
686:
685:
672:
666:
665:
652:
646:
635:
609:
593:
577:
565:
517:domestic poultry
460:Food and feeding
432:Raphia australis
394:Egyptian vulture
375:are recognised.
334:Falco angolensis
263:This bird is an
215:palm-nut vulture
198:
162:
78:
77:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
3952:
3951:
3947:
3946:
3945:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3882:
3877:
3869:
3864:
3856:
3851:
3843:
3838:
3830:
3825:
3817:
3812:
3804:
3799:
3791:
3786:
3778:
3773:
3765:
3760:
3752:
3747:
3739:
3734:
3726:
3721:
3713:
3708:
3700:
3695:
3687:
3682:
3674:
3669:
3661:
3656:
3648:
3643:
3635:
3630:
3622:
3617:
3609:
3604:
3595:
3594:
3589:
3580:
3579:
3574:
3561:
3551:
3534:
3458:
3424:
3404:
3363:
3329:
3302:
3201:
3167:
3147:
3088:
3061:
2943:
2906:
2883:
2800:
2766:
2691:
2435:
2385:
2365:
2351:Horusornithidae
2338:
2336:Accipitriformes
2321:
2308:
2294:Accipitriformes
2284:
2086:
2037:Teratornithidae
2028:
1992:
1979:
1941:
1930:
1900:
1891:
1873:
1854:
1829:
1804:
1779:
1754:
1729:
1724:Gyps coprothere
1690:Griffon vulture
1684:Gyps rueppellii
1634:
1609:
1600:Bearded vulture
1584:
1555:
1525:
1500:
1475:
1450:
1425:
1376:
1361:
1335:
1330:
1291:
1262:
1259:
1257:Further reading
1254:
1253:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1211:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1178:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1137:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1072:
1071:
1067:
1045:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1028:
1019:
1018:
1011:
973:
972:
968:
953:
927:
926:
922:
884:
883:
870:
839:10.2307/1161396
824:
823:
819:
810:
808:
803:
802:
798:
789:
787:
778:
777:
773:
766:
751:
750:
746:
736:
734:
717:
716:
709:
696:RĂĽppell, Eduard
694:
693:
689:
674:
673:
669:
654:
653:
649:
636:
629:
624:
617:
614:Kazinga Channel
610:
601:
594:
585:
578:
569:
566:
546:
529:
462:
457:
406:
381:
329:and coined the
317:Systema Naturae
300:
207:
200:
194:
181:
161:
127:Accipitriformes
72:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
16:Species of bird
12:
11:
5:
3950:
3948:
3940:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3899:
3898:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3875:
3862:
3849:
3836:
3823:
3810:
3797:
3784:
3771:
3758:
3745:
3732:
3719:
3706:
3693:
3680:
3667:
3654:
3641:
3628:
3615:
3602:
3587:
3571:
3569:
3563:
3562:
3557:
3548:
3547:
3544:
3543:
3540:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3525:
3518:
3511:
3504:
3497:
3490:
3483:
3476:
3468:
3466:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3449:
3442:
3434:
3432:
3426:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3414:
3412:
3406:
3405:
3403:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3381:
3373:
3371:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3361:
3354:
3347:
3339:
3337:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3320:
3312:
3310:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3293:
3283:
3273:
3266:
3256:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3222:
3211:
3209:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3192:
3185:
3177:
3175:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3157:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3117:
3110:
3102:
3100:
3094:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3079:
3071:
3069:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3017:
3010:
3003:
2996:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2961:
2953:
2951:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2941:
2931:
2920:
2914:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2896:
2894:
2885:
2884:
2882:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2850:Lophotriorchis
2846:
2839:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2810:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2799:
2798:
2791:
2784:
2776:
2774:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2764:
2757:
2750:
2743:
2736:
2729:
2719:
2709:
2701:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2679:
2669:
2659:
2649:
2639:
2629:
2617:
2607:
2597:
2587:
2577:
2567:
2557:
2547:
2537:
2527:
2517:
2507:
2495:
2485:
2475:
2465:
2454:
2452:
2450:incertae sedis
2443:
2437:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2426:
2416:
2406:
2395:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2375:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2363:
2355:
2353:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2309:
2307:
2306:
2305:
2304:
2298:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2286:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2272:
2265:
2258:
2248:
2238:
2228:
2218:
2208:
2198:
2188:
2181:
2171:
2161:
2151:
2144:
2134:
2127:
2117:
2107:
2096:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2041:
2039:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2026:
2015:
2013:
2011:incertae sedis
2004:
2002:Cathartiformes
1994:
1993:
1988:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1971:
1965:
1959:
1953:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1921:
1914:
1906:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1872:Related topics
1871:
1864:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1841:
1839:
1831:
1830:
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1827:
1816:
1814:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1802:
1791:
1789:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1766:
1764:
1756:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1745:Hooded vulture
1741:
1739:
1731:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1717:
1707:
1700:Indian vulture
1697:
1687:
1677:
1674:Gyps africanus
1667:
1657:
1646:
1644:
1636:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1621:
1619:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1607:
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1557:
1556:
1542:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1520:Vultur gryphus
1512:
1510:
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1501:
1499:
1498:
1487:
1485:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1462:
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1452:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1437:
1435:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1423:
1413:
1403:
1400:Cathartes aura
1396:Turkey vulture
1392:
1390:
1378:
1377:
1370:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1329:
1328:
1321:
1314:
1306:
1300:
1299:
1290:
1289:External links
1287:
1286:
1285:
1275:(4): 608–613.
1258:
1255:
1252:
1251:
1216:
1209:
1183:
1176:
1150:
1135:
1104:
1085:(2): 113–121.
1065:
1054:(3): 160–174.
1038:
1026:
1009:
982:(1–2): 25–48.
966:
951:
920:
868:
817:
796:
771:
764:
744:
707:
687:
667:
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626:
625:
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586:
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572:
570:
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542:
528:
525:
461:
458:
456:
453:
421:groves of the
405:
402:
380:
377:
354:Eduard RĂĽppell
299:
296:
231:in the family
209:
208:
201:
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189:
183:
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38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3949:
3938:
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3933:
3930:
3928:
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3920:
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3915:
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3910:
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3904:
3902:
3885:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3854:
3850:
3846:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3776:
3772:
3768:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3646:
3642:
3638:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3607:
3603:
3598:
3592:
3588:
3583:
3577:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3555:
3531:
3530:
3526:
3524:
3523:
3519:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3503:
3502:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3482:
3481:
3480:Chondrohierax
3477:
3475:
3474:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3435:
3433:
3431:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3416:
3415:
3413:
3411:
3410:Lophospizinae
3407:
3401:
3400:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3392:Macheiramphus
3389:
3387:
3386:
3382:
3380:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3370:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3348:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3305:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3284:
3282:
3281:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3247:
3245:
3244:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3174:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3144:
3143:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3114:Dryotriorchis
3111:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2940:
2939:
2932:
2930:
2929:
2922:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2909:
2903:
2902:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2878:Stephanoaetus
2875:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2795:Megatriorchis
2792:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2751:
2749:
2748:
2744:
2742:
2741:
2737:
2735:
2734:
2730:
2728:
2727:
2720:
2718:
2717:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2698:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2614:Palaeoplancus
2608:
2606:
2605:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2588:
2586:
2585:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2524:Gigantohierax
2518:
2516:
2515:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2423:Pelargopappus
2417:
2415:
2414:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2392:
2391:Sagittariidae
2388:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2332:
2328:
2319:
2302:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2291:
2281:
2280:
2273:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2245:Pleistovultur
2239:
2237:
2236:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2219:
2217:
2216:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2189:
2187:
2186:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2141:Cathartidarum
2135:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2031:
2025:
2024:
2017:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1976:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1944:
1939:
1935:
1927:
1922:
1920:
1915:
1913:
1908:
1907:
1904:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1869:
1865:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1812:
1807:
1800:
1796:
1793:
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1732:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1701:
1698:
1695:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1642:
1637:
1630:
1626:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1612:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1587:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1558:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1540:
1536:
1521:
1517:
1516:Andean condor
1514:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1496:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1458:
1453:
1446:
1442:
1441:Black vulture
1439:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1379:
1374:
1371:Cathartidae (
1368:
1364:
1358:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1327:
1322:
1320:
1315:
1313:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1288:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
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1256:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1220:
1217:
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1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1187:
1184:
1179:
1177:9780121373016
1173:
1169:
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1146:
1142:
1138:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1108:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1069:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1048:Mammal Review
1042:
1039:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
970:
967:
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958:
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944:
940:
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932:
924:
921:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
881:
879:
877:
875:
873:
869:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
821:
818:
806:
800:
797:
786:on 2011-06-28
785:
781:
775:
772:
767:
761:
757:
756:
748:
745:
732:
728:
724:
720:
714:
712:
708:
703:
702:
697:
691:
688:
683:
682:
677:
671:
668:
663:
662:
657:
651:
648:
644:
640:
634:
632:
628:
621:
615:
608:
603:
599:
592:
587:
583:
576:
571:
564:
559:
557:
555:
550:
543:
541:
533:
526:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
459:
454:
452:
450:
449:
445:) or raffia (
444:
443:
437:
434:
433:
428:
424:
420:
414:
412:
403:
401:
397:
395:
391:
387:
378:
376:
374:
370:
366:
362:
359:
358:Ancient Greek
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
332:
331:binomial name
328:
327:
323:
319:
318:
313:
312:Carl Linnaeus
309:
305:
297:
295:
293:
289:
285:
281:
276:
274:
270:
266:
261:
259:
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
227:, is a large
226:
222:
221:
216:
205:
199:
197:
191:
188:
187:Binomial name
184:
180:
179:
174:
171:
170:
165:
160:
159:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
56:
55:Least Concern
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
3912:Accipitridae
3566:
3527:
3522:Lophoictinia
3520:
3513:
3508:Henicopernis
3506:
3499:
3492:
3485:
3478:
3471:
3453:Urotriorchis
3451:
3444:
3437:
3430:Melieraxinae
3417:
3397:
3390:
3383:
3376:
3358:Microspizias
3356:
3349:
3342:
3322:
3315:
3308:Haliaeetinae
3297:Polyboroides
3295:
3288:
3280:Neophrontops
3278:
3268:
3261:
3251:
3241:
3234:
3227:
3217:
3194:
3187:
3180:
3160:
3140:
3133:
3128:Pithecophaga
3126:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3081:
3074:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3028:Morphnarchus
3026:
3021:Leucopternis
3019:
3012:
3007:Helicolestes
3005:
2998:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2938:Garganoaetus
2936:
2926:
2901:Archaehierax
2899:
2876:
2869:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2827:
2820:
2813:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2772:Accipitrinae
2759:
2752:
2745:
2738:
2731:
2724:
2714:
2704:
2684:
2676:Titanohierax
2674:
2664:
2654:
2644:
2634:
2623:
2612:
2604:Palaeocircus
2602:
2592:
2584:Palaeohierax
2582:
2572:
2562:
2552:
2542:
2532:
2522:
2512:
2501:
2490:
2480:
2470:
2460:
2449:
2441:Accipitridae
2428:
2421:
2411:
2401:
2378:
2358:
2277:
2267:
2262:Sarcoramphus
2260:
2253:
2243:
2233:
2223:
2213:
2203:
2193:
2183:
2176:
2166:
2158:Diatropornis
2156:
2146:
2139:
2129:
2122:
2112:
2102:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2060:Cathartornis
2058:
2051:
2044:
2021:
2010:
1848:
1834:
1823:
1809:
1798:
1784:
1773:
1759:
1748:
1734:
1723:
1720:Cape vulture
1713:
1704:Gyps indicus
1703:
1693:
1683:
1673:
1663:
1653:
1639:
1628:
1624:
1615:
1614:
1603:
1589:
1578:
1564:
1519:
1505:
1494:
1480:
1469:
1466:King vulture
1457:Sarcoramphus
1455:
1444:
1430:
1419:
1409:
1399:
1385:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1229:
1225:
1219:
1192:
1186:
1159:
1158:"Vultures".
1153:
1118:
1114:
1107:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1068:
1051:
1047:
1041:
979:
975:
969:
934:
930:
923:
890:
886:
830:
826:
820:
809:. Retrieved
799:
788:. Retrieved
784:the original
774:
754:
747:
735:. Retrieved
730:
700:
690:
680:
676:Latham, John
670:
660:
650:
638:
551:
547:
538:
519:and feed on
497:dung beetles
463:
446:
440:
438:
430:
415:
411:South Africa
407:
398:
382:
364:
360:
349:
341:
333:
324:
315:
301:
288:Raffia palms
277:
262:
256:
255:
233:Accipitridae
229:bird of prey
224:
219:
218:
214:
212:
195:
193:
177:
176:
157:
156:
137:Accipitridae
18:
3749:iNaturalist
3591:Wikispecies
3494:Eutriorchis
3324:Icthyophaga
3290:Palaeoborus
3253:Mioneophron
3229:Arikarornis
3182:Chelictinia
3142:Terathopius
3121:Eutriorchis
3098:Circaetinae
3000:Geranospiza
2993:Geranoaetus
2979:Buteogallus
2761:Trigonoceps
2740:Necrosyrtes
2686:Vinchinavis
2554:Mioaegypius
2514:Dynatoaetus
2503:Cruschedula
2430:Sagittarius
2371:Pandionidae
2303:See below ↓
2114:Brasilogyps
2092:Cathartidae
2074:Taubatornis
1836:Trigonoceps
1736:Necrosyrtes
1694:Gyps fulvus
719:Gill, Frank
425:system and
419:Raffia palm
379:Description
338:John Latham
273:Cathartidae
143:Subfamily:
3901:Categories
3879:Xeno-canto
3501:Hamirostra
3446:Micronisus
3419:Lophospiza
3385:Harpyopsis
3351:Kaupifalco
3335:Harpaginae
3317:Haliaeetus
3243:Gypohierax
3207:Gypaetinae
3049:Rostrhamus
3042:Pseudastur
2958:Busarellus
2912:Buteoninae
2864:Polemaetus
2836:Ictinaetus
2829:Hieraaetus
2716:Cryptogyps
2697:Aegypiinae
2646:Proictinia
2594:Palaeastur
2534:Gobihierax
2462:Amplibuteo
2403:Amanuensis
2360:Horusornis
2225:Phasmagyps
2178:Geronogyps
2104:Aizenogyps
2081:Teratornis
2053:Argentavis
1969:Telluraves
1932:Genera of
1882:Diclofenac
1616:Gypohierax
1544:Aegypiinae
1265:Gypohierax
1232:(1): 2–8.
1121:(1): 136.
937:(1): 136.
833:(4): 603.
811:2011-05-29
790:2011-05-29
737:2 December
622:References
584:, Tanzania
466:wild dates
373:subspecies
350:Gypohierax
292:the Gambia
257:Gypohierax
158:Gypohierax
147:Gypaetinae
3487:Elanoides
3369:Harpiinae
3219:Anchigyps
3196:Gampsonyx
3135:Spilornis
3107:Circaetus
3076:Haliastur
3035:Parabuteo
2949:Buteonini
2871:Spizaetus
2843:Lophaetus
2806:Aquilinae
2781:Accipiter
2747:Sarcogyps
2726:Gansugyps
2666:Qiluornis
2574:Necrastur
2564:Miohierax
2544:Milvoides
2492:Aviraptor
2472:Aquilavus
2279:Wingegyps
2215:Pampagyps
2195:Hadrogyps
2185:Gymnogyps
2131:Cathartes
2067:Oscaravis
2046:Aiolornis
1949:Kingdom:
1786:Sarcogyps
1482:Gymnogyps
1387:Cathartes
1343:Kingdom:
1246:0030-6525
1145:0260-9541
1004:153424887
996:1011-3436
961:0260-9541
915:220343722
907:0030-6525
863:143983737
847:0001-9720
491:, frogs,
369:monotypic
172:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
3840:Species+
3793:22695170
3767:10458087
3650:22695170
3645:BirdLife
3576:Wikidata
3515:Leptodon
3464:Perninae
3439:Melierax
3399:Morphnus
3344:Harpagus
3270:Neophron
3236:Gypaetus
3173:Elaninae
3153:Circinae
3056:Rupornis
2965:Butastur
2928:Bermuteo
2857:Nisaetus
2706:Aegypius
2656:Promilio
2625:Palaetus
2255:Pliogyps
2235:Perugyps
2168:Dryornis
2148:Coragyps
2124:Breagyps
1957:Chordata
1955:Phylum:
1951:Animalia
1761:Neophron
1591:Gypaetus
1566:Aegypius
1432:Coragyps
1351:Chordata
1349:Phylum:
1345:Animalia
1333:Vultures
1099:90586336
698:(1835).
678:(1781).
658:(1788).
616:, Uganda
600:, Uganda
527:Breeding
513:reptiles
495:, fish,
493:tadpoles
489:molluscs
472:, other
427:Mtunzini
423:Kosi Bay
392:and the
298:Taxonomy
249:harriers
245:buzzards
239:such as
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
3741:2480393
3702:panvul1
3676:panvul1
3632:Avibase
3582:Q732523
3473:Aviceda
3263:Neogyps
3067:Milvini
3014:Ictinia
2636:Pengana
2380:Pandion
1973:Clade:
1967:Clade:
1961:Class:
1938:condors
1548:Gypinae
1355:Class:
1226:Ostrich
1079:Ostrich
887:Ostrich
855:1161396
521:carrion
505:locusts
476:, some
470:oranges
237:raptors
206:, 1788)
164:RĂĽppell
153:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
3871:212715
3832:677101
3819:212715
3806:321074
3780:175478
3723:EURING
3715:914576
3663:113007
3619:ARKive
3529:Pernis
3378:Harpia
3189:Elanus
3162:Circus
3083:Milvus
2822:Clanga
2815:Aquila
2754:Torgos
2269:Vultur
2205:Kuntur
1934:eagles
1811:Torgos
1507:Vultur
1244:
1207:
1174:
1143:
1133:
1097:
1002:
994:
959:
949:
913:
905:
861:
853:
845:
827:Africa
762:
482:acacia
478:grains
474:fruits
448:Raphia
365:hierax
344:. The
204:Gmelin
166:, 1836
3866:WoRMS
3762:IRMNG
3728:32260
3697:eBird
3689:6L7C2
2972:Buteo
1095:S2CID
1000:S2CID
911:S2CID
859:S2CID
851:JSTOR
509:birds
485:seeds
371:: no
326:Falco
322:genus
253:genus
241:kites
223:) or
3858:7833
3845:8301
3814:OBIS
3801:NCBI
3788:IUCN
3775:ITIS
3754:5418
3736:GBIF
3658:BOLD
2733:Gyps
1963:Aves
1641:Gyps
1546:and
1357:Aves
1269:Ibis
1242:ISSN
1205:ISBN
1172:ISBN
1141:ISSN
1131:ISBN
992:ISSN
957:ISSN
947:ISBN
903:ISSN
843:ISSN
760:ISBN
739:2022
501:ants
480:and
361:gups
286:and
247:and
213:The
117:Aves
3853:TSA
3710:EoL
3684:CoL
3671:BOW
3606:ADW
1277:doi
1267:".
1234:doi
1197:doi
1164:doi
1123:doi
1087:doi
1056:doi
984:doi
939:doi
895:doi
835:doi
535:Egg
314:'s
284:oil
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