268:
marine boundaries surrounding the atoll. The "Palmyra Island Naval
Airspace Reserve" was also established to restrict access to the area's airspace. Only U.S. government ships and aircraft were permitted to enter the naval defense areas of Palmyra Atoll unless authorized by the Secretary of the Navy. The Navy took control of the atoll for use as the Palmyra Island Naval Air Station on August 15, 1941. From November 1939 to 1947, the atoll had resident representatives of the Federal Government, the island commanders. The atoll was bombed by a Japanese submarine in 1941, without significant damage or consequences. The government made extensive changes to the landforms. It exploded and swept a ship channel from the open sea into the West Lagoon, which had been completely surrounded by islands and reefs and was not navigable until the channel reached the lagoon on May 15, 1941. It linked islands with elevated roads, built new islands and continuous existing islands with dredged coral remains, including the main runway on Cooper Island. an emergency landing strip called Sand Island joined by a bridge to Home Island and two artificial runway islands that were not completed. These changes have blocked the flow of water through the atoll and are believed to have seriously damaged the natural ecology of the lagoons.
158:
144:
240:
277:
264:
from the U.S. Attorney
General, mentioned in a 1997 Insular Areas report, concluding that "Palmyra was U.S. public land and that the Fullard-Leo claim was invalid. S. Rep. No. 83-886 at 37.” Shortly thereafter, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8,616, officially 'Placing Palmyra Island, Territory of Hawaii, under the control and jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Navy.'
33:
307:
After World War II, much of the Naval Air
Station was demolished, with some of the materials piled up and burned on the atoll, dumped in the lagoon or, in the case of unexploded ordnance on some islets, left in place after World War II. Worldwide, the atoll suffered many consequences of the bombings,
294:
In
December 1941, Japan declared war on the United States and Great Britain and launched attacks and invasions throughout Asia and the Pacific, plunging the United States into World War II, in this context I-175 of the Imperial Japanese Navy bombed the naval station on December 24, 1941, opening fire
263:
A number of unofficial documents and reports since World War II state that
Palmyra Atoll was placed under naval jurisdiction in 1934 as part of Executive Order 6935. However Palmyra is not mentioned in that order, the first official mention of Palmyra under naval jurisdiction comes from a 1939 letter
298:
Although the United States lost control of the
Philippines, Guam, and Wake early in the war, the tide of the battle of the Pacific slowly turned with battles such as the Battle of Midway and Guadalcanal. By 1944, much of the Southwest Pacific was under Allied control, and the combination of island
267:
On
February 14, 1941, Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8682 to create naval defense areas in the central Pacific territories. The proclamation located the "Palmyra Island Naval Defensive Maritime Area", which encompassed the territorial waters between the extreme high tide marks and the three-mile
254:
Palmyra was turned into a military base at the start of World War II in the
Pacific after some legal issues were resolved. The island was fortified when it found itself on the Pacific front line, due to the losses of US territories to the west. It was bombed once early in the war, but due to US
308:
such as the fauna and flora that were damaged by the toxic gases, after the Second World War they named the Atoll an "Environmental Refuge" (in
English "Palmyra Atoll National Wildlife Refuge").
295:
at 04:55 Greenwich Mean Time, the bombing hit the atoll's radio station and hit the dredger, after which a coastal artillery battery returned fire and forced the
Japanese ship to retreat.
50:
255:
military success it ended up being used for resupply and training. After World War II it was returned to private ownership and the naval base was mostly demolished.
332:
299:
hopping and strategic bombing led to the Japanese surrender in 1945. During the war, the Palmyra base was used by the Navy for training and resupply.
157:
97:
69:
347:
76:
143:
116:
83:
497:
412:
65:
54:
342:
461:
43:
377:
362:
90:
492:
149:
17:
239:
502:
276:
382:
234:
174:
372:
322:
486:
367:
317:
284:
243:
227:
392:
352:
327:
288:
223:
387:
337:
231:
32:
184:
437:
357:
280:
26:
438:"Executive Order 6935 - Wikisource, the free online library"
462:"Presidential Executive Order 8616 · Palmyra Archive"
205:
195:
190:
180:
131:
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
413:"Segunda Guerra Mundial na Ásia e no Pacífico"
333:Wallis and Futuna during the Second World War
8:
128:
235:initiated by the Empire of Japan in 1941.
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
275:
238:
404:
189:
179:
194:
18:Palmyra Atoll during the World War ii
7:
348:United States Minor Outlying Islands
55:adding citations to reliable sources
66:"Palmyra Atoll during World War II"
25:
156:
150:Unofficial Flag of Palmyra Atoll
142:
31:
42:needs additional citations for
1:
230:, since the beginning of the
250:Palmyra Atoll Military Base
519:
259:American Government Visits
133:Territory of Palmyra Atoll
419:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
378:History of American Samoa
170:
138:
368:United States of America
363:Northern Mariana Islands
343:History of United States
228:United States of America
226:, as a territory of the
498:World War II by country
181:Official languages
291:
246:
279:
242:
222:participated in the
51:improve this article
292:
247:
442:en.wikisource.org
213:
212:
127:
126:
119:
101:
16:(Redirected from
510:
477:
476:
474:
473:
458:
452:
451:
449:
448:
434:
428:
427:
425:
424:
409:
289:Second World War
224:Second World War
160:
146:
129:
122:
115:
111:
108:
102:
100:
59:
35:
27:
21:
518:
517:
513:
512:
511:
509:
508:
507:
483:
482:
481:
480:
471:
469:
466:web.archive.org
460:
459:
455:
446:
444:
436:
435:
431:
422:
420:
411:
410:
406:
401:
383:History of Guam
314:
305:
285:Central Pacific
274:
261:
252:
198:
197:• Estimate
175:In God We Trust
166:
165:
164:
161:
153:
152:
147:
134:
123:
112:
106:
103:
60:
58:
48:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
516:
514:
506:
505:
500:
495:
485:
484:
479:
478:
453:
429:
417:Mundo Educação
403:
402:
400:
397:
396:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
373:American Samoa
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
323:Johnston Atoll
320:
313:
310:
304:
301:
273:
270:
260:
257:
251:
248:
211:
210:
207:
203:
202:
199:
196:
193:
192:
188:
187:
182:
178:
177:
168:
167:
162:
155:
154:
148:
141:
140:
139:
136:
135:
132:
125:
124:
107:September 2024
39:
37:
30:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
515:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
490:
488:
467:
463:
457:
454:
443:
439:
433:
430:
418:
414:
408:
405:
398:
394:
393:Midway Island
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
318:Palmyra Atoll
316:
315:
311:
309:
302:
300:
296:
290:
286:
282:
278:
271:
269:
265:
258:
256:
249:
245:
244:Palmyra Atoll
241:
237:
236:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
216:Palmyra Atoll
208:
204:
200:
186:
183:
176:
173:
169:
159:
151:
145:
137:
130:
121:
118:
110:
99:
96:
92:
89:
85:
82:
78:
75:
71:
68: –
67:
63:
62:Find sources:
56:
52:
46:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
493:World War II
470:. Retrieved
468:. 2017-08-21
465:
456:
445:. Retrieved
441:
432:
421:. Retrieved
416:
407:
353:Kingman Reef
328:World War II
306:
297:
293:
266:
262:
253:
219:
215:
214:
206:Calling code
201:100 military
172:Motto:
171:
163:Coat of arms
113:
104:
94:
87:
80:
73:
61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
388:Wake Island
338:Pacific War
287:during the
232:Pacific War
487:Categories
472:2024-09-21
447:2024-09-21
423:2024-09-21
399:References
191:Population
77:newspapers
312:See Also
303:Post-War
218:or just
503:Oceania
220:Palmyra
185:English
91:scholar
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
98:JSTOR
84:books
358:Guam
70:news
283:of
281:Map
272:War
53:by
489::
464:.
440:.
415:.
209:+1
475:.
450:.
426:.
120:)
114:(
109:)
105:(
95:·
88:·
81:·
74:·
47:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
