Knowledge (XXG)

National Geographic Society – Palomar Observatory Sky Survey

Source 📝

1241: 183:, comprising 100 red-sensitive plates extending coverage to -42° declination, was completed and published as identically-sized photographic negative prints. The Whiteoak Extension is often found in libraries stored as an appendix or companion to the photographic print edition of the NGS-POSS. This brings the number of prints to 1,972 for most holders of a photographic edition of the NGS-POSS. 208: 1301: 1325: 1251: 650: 44: 1277: 1313: 1289: 152:
The survey was originally meant to cover the sky from the north celestial pole to -24° declination. This figure specifies the position of the plate center, hence the actual coverage under the original plan would have been to approximately -27°. It was expected that 879 plate pairs would be required.
357:
Catalog of the POSS I. The catalog was also distributed in a set of 4 DVD-ROMs. The catalog contains accurate sky positions and brightness measurements for all of these objects as well as more esoteric parameters such as ellipticity, position angle, and concentration index.
172:
The NGS-POSS was published shortly after the Survey was completed as a collection of 1,872 photographic negative prints each measuring 14" x 14". In the early 1970s there was another "printing" of the Survey, this time on 14" x17" photographic negative prints.
229: 334:
In 1986, work was begun on a digital version of the NGS-POSS. Eight years later, the scanning of the original NGS-POSS plates was completed. The resulting digital images were compressed and published as the
176:
The California Institute of Technology bookstore used to sell prints of selected POSS regions. The regions were chosen to support educational exercises and the set was a curriculum teaching tool.
682: 280: 252: 1061: 134:. The first photographic plate was exposed on November 11, 1949. 99% of the plates were taken by June 20, 1956, but the final 1% was not completed until December 10, 1958. 259: 266: 153:
However the Survey was ultimately extended to -30° plate centers, giving irregular coverage to as far south as -34° declination, and utilizing 936 total plate pairs.
861: 816: 1015: 248: 523: 1180: 1254: 1099: 856: 846: 918: 728: 831: 273: 47: 981: 836: 668: 1370: 966: 851: 826: 1109: 1055: 754: 347: 1044: 1008: 878: 339:
in 1994. The Digitized Sky Survey was made available on a set of 102 CD-ROMs, and can also be queried through several web interfaces.
317: 111: 516: 377: 299: 955: 675: 1203: 1093: 841: 233: 149:
103a-E plate, and once with a blue sensitive Kodak 103a-O plate. This allowed the color of celestial objects to be recorded.
1350: 1345: 1244: 1001: 947: 806: 1267: 1355: 821: 736: 691: 509: 392: 354: 1360: 705: 532: 320:), which was used for decades for purposes of cataloging and categorizing celestial objects, especially in studies of 107: 218: 1226: 1168: 811: 614: 584: 237: 222: 1131: 903: 619: 1365: 1214: 971: 743: 387: 940: 701: 609: 604: 594: 103: 913: 1220: 1197: 1126: 873: 579: 367: 353:
in 2001, a catalog identifying over 89 million objects on the NGS-POSS was placed online as part of the
191: 180: 161: 1038: 599: 544: 452: 336: 313: 1329: 1186: 1142: 1024: 721: 429:, edited by K. A. Strand (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 1968), Appendix II, p. 481–487. 372: 328: 91: 87: 83: 1317: 1305: 1191: 440: 157: 1174: 1104: 1082: 639: 321: 131: 127: 119: 17: 194:. This work is commonly found wherever a photographic print edition of the NGS-POSS is held. 1281: 460: 1147: 574: 187: 456: 160:
of the survey varied depending on the region of the sky, but is commonly quoted as 22nd
782: 589: 138: 137:
The survey utilized 14 inches (36 cm) square photographic plates, covering about 6
145:
per plate). Each region of the sky was photographed twice, once using a red sensitive
1339: 961: 777: 142: 476: 424: 1293: 1152: 868: 787: 634: 624: 123: 115: 106:
at Palomar Observatory, and the astronomical survey was funded by a grant from the
629: 207: 501: 550: 491: 43: 56: 993: 649: 343: 186:
In 1981, a set of NGS-POSS Transparency Overlay Maps was published by
1209: 1137: 1288: 464: 1077: 382: 331:
were discovered by astronomers studying the NGS-POSS photographs.
146: 1087: 477:
N. Reid & S. Djorgovski (1993) The Second Palomar Sky Survey
997: 664: 505: 94:, California, United States, and completed by the end of 1958. 249:"National Geographic Society – Palomar Observatory Sky Survey" 201: 68:
National Geographic Society – Palomar Observatory Sky Survey
28:
National Geographic Society – Palomar Observatory Sky Survey
102:
The photographs were taken with the 48 inches (1.2 m)
443:(April 1966), "Properties of Some Old Planetary Nebulae", 497:
Minnesota Automated Plate Scanner Catalog of the POSS I
1265: 496: 1161: 1119: 1070: 1031: 933: 893: 796: 764: 753: 713: 657: 567: 32: 556:Tracy Wolstencroft, president and CEO (since 2018) 427:Basic Astronomical Data: Stars and Stellar Systems 114:. Among the primary minds behind the project were 316:are partial derivatives of the NGS-POSS (e.g. 1181:Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area Survey 1009: 676: 559:Michael Ulica, president and COO (since 2018) 517: 8: 27: 236:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1016: 1002: 994: 761: 683: 669: 661: 524: 510: 502: 342:In 1996, an even more compressed version, 300:Learn how and when to remove this message 1272: 404: 425:R. L. Minkowski & G. O. Abell, in 90:of the night sky. It was conducted at 26: 7: 1250: 234:adding citations to reliable sources 1110:Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer 1056:Palomar Distant Solar System Survey 348:Astronomical Society of the Pacific 1045:The INT Photometric H-Alpha Survey 984:(geography competition; on hiatus) 318:Abell Catalog of Planetary Nebulae 141:of sky per side (approximately 36 112:California Institute of Technology 25: 393:Minnesota Automated Plate Scanner 378:Palomar Observatory Sky Survey II 355:Minnesota Automated Plate Scanner 1323: 1311: 1299: 1287: 1275: 1249: 1240: 1239: 956:Greenberg v. National Geographic 648: 547:, Chairman Emeritus (since 2010) 206: 42: 1204:Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey 1088:Infrared Astronomical Satellite 1094:UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey 977:Palomar Observatory Sky Survey 18:Palomar Observatory Sky Survey 1: 729:National Geographic Adventure 737:National Geographic Traveler 692:National Geographic Partners 411:A. G. Wilson, Trans. I.A.U. 1371:National Geographic Society 706:National Geographic Society 533:National Geographic Society 108:National Geographic Society 1387: 1169:2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey 1235: 1132:GALEX Arecibo SDSS Survey 817:Australia and New Zealand 698: 646: 539: 383:Two Micron All-Sky Survey 86:, that took almost 2,000 53: 40: 1215:Sloan Digital Sky Survey 744:National Geographic Kids 700:A joint venture between 388:Sloan Digital Sky Survey 48:Related media on Commons 943:(geography competition) 702:The Walt Disney Company 610:Gardiner Greene Hubbard 605:Melville Bell Grosvenor 595:Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor 553:, Chairman (since 2016) 104:Samuel Oschin telescope 1100:SCUBA-2 All Sky Survey 346:, was marketed by the 33:Alternative names 1221:VIMOS-VLT Deep Survey 1198:DEEP2 Redshift Survey 580:Alexander Graham Bell 445:Astrophysical Journal 314:astronomical catalogs 192:Ohio State University 1351:Astronomical imaging 1346:Astronomical surveys 1039:Digitized Sky Survey 1025:Astronomical surveys 900:National Geographic 803:National Geographic 600:Gilbert M. Grosvenor 545:Gilbert M. Grosvenor 492:Digitized Sky Survey 337:Digitized Sky Survey 329:astronomical objects 230:improve this section 1356:Palomar Observatory 1187:CfA Redshift Survey 771:National Geographic 722:National Geographic 457:1966ApJ...144..259A 373:Southern Sky Survey 92:Palomar Observatory 88:photographic plates 84:astronomical survey 29: 1361:1958 in California 1192:Dark Energy Survey 982:World Championship 368:Whiteoak extension 181:Whiteoak Extension 158:limiting magnitude 1263: 1262: 1175:6dF Galaxy Survey 991: 990: 929: 928: 889: 888: 640:John M. Fahey Jr. 441:Albell, George O. 415:, 335–336 (1952); 322:galaxy morphology 310: 309: 302: 284: 132:Rudolph Minkowski 128:Ira Sprague Bowen 120:Milton L. Humason 64: 63: 16:(Redirected from 1378: 1328: 1327: 1326: 1316: 1315: 1314: 1304: 1303: 1302: 1292: 1291: 1280: 1279: 1278: 1271: 1253: 1252: 1243: 1242: 1018: 1011: 1004: 995: 967:Image Collection 762: 685: 678: 671: 662: 652: 620:John G. Mitchell 526: 519: 512: 503: 479: 474: 468: 467: 437: 431: 422: 416: 409: 305: 298: 294: 291: 285: 283: 242: 210: 202: 198:Derivative works 57:edit on Wikidata 46: 30: 21: 1386: 1385: 1381: 1380: 1379: 1377: 1376: 1375: 1366:1958 in science 1336: 1335: 1334: 1324: 1322: 1312: 1310: 1300: 1298: 1286: 1276: 1274: 1266: 1264: 1259: 1231: 1157: 1148:Ohio Sky Survey 1115: 1083:Akari (Astro-F) 1066: 1027: 1022: 992: 987: 925: 885: 792: 756: 749: 709: 694: 689: 653: 644: 575:Stephen Alvarez 563: 562: 535: 530: 488: 483: 482: 475: 471: 439: 438: 434: 423: 419: 410: 406: 401: 364: 306: 295: 289: 286: 243: 241: 227: 211: 200: 188:Robert S. Dixon 170: 100: 60: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 1384: 1382: 1374: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1338: 1337: 1333: 1332: 1320: 1308: 1296: 1284: 1261: 1260: 1258: 1257: 1247: 1236: 1233: 1232: 1230: 1229: 1224: 1218: 1212: 1207: 1201: 1195: 1189: 1184: 1178: 1172: 1165: 1163: 1159: 1158: 1156: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1129: 1123: 1121: 1117: 1116: 1114: 1113: 1107: 1102: 1097: 1091: 1085: 1080: 1074: 1072: 1068: 1067: 1065: 1064: 1059: 1053: 1048: 1042: 1035: 1033: 1029: 1028: 1023: 1021: 1020: 1013: 1006: 998: 989: 988: 986: 985: 979: 974: 969: 964: 959: 952: 944: 937: 935: 931: 930: 927: 926: 924: 923: 922: 921: 916: 908: 907: 906: 897: 895: 891: 890: 887: 886: 884: 883: 882: 881: 876: 866: 865: 864: 859: 854: 852:UK and Ireland 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 814: 809: 800: 798: 794: 793: 791: 790: 785: 783:Nat Geo People 780: 775: 772: 768: 766: 759: 751: 750: 748: 747: 740: 733: 725: 717: 715: 711: 710: 704:(73%) and the 699: 696: 695: 690: 688: 687: 680: 673: 665: 659: 655: 654: 647: 645: 643: 642: 637: 632: 627: 622: 617: 612: 607: 602: 597: 592: 590:Susan Goldberg 587: 582: 577: 571: 569: 565: 564: 561: 560: 557: 554: 548: 541: 540: 537: 536: 531: 529: 528: 521: 514: 506: 500: 499: 494: 487: 486:External links 484: 481: 480: 469: 465:10.1086/148602 432: 417: 403: 402: 400: 397: 396: 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 363: 360: 308: 307: 214: 212: 205: 199: 196: 169: 166: 143:square degrees 99: 96: 82:) was a major 62: 61: 54: 51: 50: 38: 37: 34: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1383: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1341: 1331: 1321: 1319: 1309: 1307: 1297: 1295: 1290: 1285: 1283: 1273: 1269: 1256: 1248: 1246: 1238: 1237: 1234: 1228: 1225: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1202: 1199: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1166: 1164: 1162:Spectroscopic 1160: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1124: 1122: 1118: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1103: 1101: 1098: 1095: 1092: 1089: 1086: 1084: 1081: 1079: 1076: 1075: 1073: 1069: 1063: 1060: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1040: 1037: 1036: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1019: 1014: 1012: 1007: 1005: 1000: 999: 996: 983: 980: 978: 975: 973: 970: 968: 965: 963: 962:Hubbard Medal 960: 958: 957: 953: 950: 949: 945: 942: 939: 938: 936: 932: 920: 919:Latin America 917: 915: 912: 911: 910:Nat Geo Kids 909: 905: 902: 901: 899: 898: 896: 892: 880: 877: 875: 872: 871: 870: 867: 863: 862:Latin America 860: 858: 857:United States 855: 853: 850: 848: 845: 843: 840: 838: 835: 833: 830: 828: 825: 823: 820: 818: 815: 813: 810: 808: 805: 804: 802: 801: 799: 795: 789: 786: 784: 781: 779: 778:Nat Geo Music 776: 773: 770: 769: 767: 763: 760: 758: 752: 746: 745: 741: 739: 738: 734: 731: 730: 726: 724: 723: 719: 718: 716: 712: 707: 703: 697: 693: 686: 681: 679: 674: 672: 667: 666: 663: 660: 656: 651: 641: 638: 636: 633: 631: 628: 626: 623: 621: 618: 616: 613: 611: 608: 606: 603: 601: 598: 596: 593: 591: 588: 586: 583: 581: 578: 576: 573: 572: 570: 566: 558: 555: 552: 549: 546: 543: 542: 538: 534: 527: 522: 520: 515: 513: 508: 507: 504: 498: 495: 493: 490: 489: 485: 478: 473: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 450: 446: 442: 436: 433: 430: 428: 421: 418: 414: 408: 405: 398: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 365: 361: 359: 356: 351: 349: 345: 340: 338: 332: 330: 325: 323: 319: 315: 304: 301: 293: 290:February 2019 282: 279: 275: 272: 268: 265: 261: 258: 254: 251: –  250: 246: 245:Find sources: 239: 235: 231: 225: 224: 220: 215:This section 213: 209: 204: 203: 197: 195: 193: 189: 184: 182: 179:In 1962, the 177: 174: 167: 165: 163: 159: 154: 150: 148: 144: 140: 135: 133: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 109: 105: 97: 95: 93: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 69: 58: 52: 49: 45: 39: 35: 31: 19: 1330:Solar System 1153:PALFA Survey 1050: 1032:Photographic 976: 954: 946: 869:Nat Geo Wild 788:Nat Geo Wild 774:Nat Geo Kids 742: 735: 727: 720: 658:Media assets 635:Tim T. Kelly 625:Mark Shelley 585:Barry Bishop 472: 448: 444: 435: 426: 420: 412: 407: 352: 341: 333: 327:Innumerable 326: 311: 296: 287: 277: 270: 263: 256: 244: 228:Please help 216: 185: 178: 175: 171: 164:on average. 155: 151: 136: 124:Walter Baade 116:Edwin Hubble 101: 98:Observations 79: 75: 71: 67: 65: 1318:Outer space 1306:Spaceflight 847:Scandinavia 837:Netherlands 630:John Verano 615:Chris Johns 168:Publication 1340:Categories 755:Television 399:References 260:newspapers 74:, or just 1282:Astronomy 1071:Infra-red 948:Endeavour 914:Abu Dhabi 807:Abu Dhabi 732:(defunct) 714:Magazines 551:Jean Case 217:does not 162:magnitude 1245:Category 1183:(CALIFA) 1171:(2dFGRS) 1096:(UKIDSS) 1051:NGS-POSS 842:Portugal 797:Channels 757:channels 362:See also 72:NGS-POSS 36:NGS-POSS 1268:Portals 1255:Commons 1227:WiggleZ 1200:(DEEP2) 1177:(6dFGS) 1058:(PDSSS) 1047:(IPHAS) 894:Defunct 832:Germany 453:Bibcode 451:: 259, 344:RealSky 274:scholar 238:removed 223:sources 190:of the 110:to the 78:, also 1223:(VVDS) 1217:(SDSS) 1210:LAMOST 1206:(GAMA) 1138:HIPASS 1134:(GASS) 1127:C-BASS 1112:(WISE) 1090:(IRAS) 1062:SLUGGS 951:(ship) 879:Europe 874:Canada 827:France 822:Canada 765:Brands 568:People 276:  269:  262:  255:  247:  80:POSS I 41:  1294:Stars 1194:(DES) 1120:Radio 1105:VISTA 1078:2MASS 1041:(DSS) 934:Other 904:Farsi 708:(27%) 312:Many 281:JSTOR 267:books 147:Kodak 55:[ 1143:NVSS 972:Maps 812:Asia 253:news 221:any 219:cite 156:The 130:and 76:POSS 66:The 941:Bee 461:doi 449:144 232:by 1342:: 459:, 447:, 350:. 324:. 126:, 122:, 118:, 1270:: 1017:e 1010:t 1003:v 684:e 677:t 670:v 525:e 518:t 511:v 463:: 455:: 413:8 303:) 297:( 292:) 288:( 278:· 271:· 264:· 257:· 240:. 226:. 139:° 70:( 59:] 20:)

Index

Palomar Observatory Sky Survey

Related media on Commons
edit on Wikidata
astronomical survey
photographic plates
Palomar Observatory
Samuel Oschin telescope
National Geographic Society
California Institute of Technology
Edwin Hubble
Milton L. Humason
Walter Baade
Ira Sprague Bowen
Rudolph Minkowski
°
square degrees
Kodak
limiting magnitude
magnitude
Whiteoak Extension
Robert S. Dixon
Ohio State University

cite
sources
improve this section
adding citations to reliable sources
removed
"National Geographic Society – Palomar Observatory Sky Survey"

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.