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584:. The tree-fern fossils have been found associated with ammonites, suggesting the location of an ancient shoreline. Other Cretaceous invertebrates in the region are similar to those found in Jurassic formations. Cretaceous formations in Oregon tend to include a wider variety of trace fossils, including the
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collected fossils as far back as 11,000 years ago and kept them at a dwelling that has since been uncovered by archeologists. Some of the fossils kept there were pierced to be made into jewelry. Five slabs of rock bearing leaf impressions were found neatly stacked in the corner of the site. These and
544:
Because of the spread of seaways over Oregon during the
Cretaceous, plant remains from that time period tend to be rare in the region. Those that have been found come from the state's southwest and northeast, which indicate the presence of small islands in those areas during the period. Plant fossils
523:
during the mid-Cretaceous, melting mountain ice and increasing global sea levels. As sea levels rose the
Pacific grew to cover more of Oregon's landmass, eventually stopping at the base of a coastal mountain range. These mountains blocked oceanic weather systems, creating a tropical rainy environment
1597:. Marsh replied with a request for Condon to guide an expedition to the area in which he found the fossils. Condon obliged and over the ensuing years a series of fossil hunting expeditions ventured into the John Day fossil beds. A number of Condon's specimens ended up in prestigious museums like the
341:
Oregon remained covered by shallow seaways throughout the
Mesozoic era. Rising temperatures throughout the era led to rising sea levels. Oregon's fossil flora and fauna track these environmental changes with the addition of species adapted to deeper water or more tropical terrestrial conditions.
1648:
John Day Fossil Beds
National Monument, managed by the National Park Service, has also been employing paleontologists on staff since the 1980s.The current Paleontology Program Mannager is Dr. Nicholas Famoso. Recent research from the park includes volcano ecology, radiometric dating, gis
3572:
Kathleen Lyons, S.; Amatangelo, Kathryn L.; Behrensmeyer, Anna K.; Bercovici, Antoine; Blois, Jessica L.; Davis, Matt; DiMichele, William A.; Du, Andrew; Eronen, Jussi T. (January 7, 2016). "Holocene shifts in the assembly of plant and animal communities implicate human impacts".
720:
Oregon's paleoenvironment in the
Cenozoic reflected the era's overall global cooling trend, shifting from tropical to temperate to glacial climates. Westward shift in the state's shoreline brought a more diverse terrestrial fauna, including a variety of extinct land mammals.
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487:
These crocodiles likely shared Oregon's
Jurassic seaways with ichthyosaurs. Plant fossils from Oregon's Jurassic period show that the terrestrial environment became warmer and wetter, creating swampy conditions. These fossils, from the
2609:
A New
Archaic Basking Shark (Lamniformes: Cetorhinidae) from the Late Eocene of Western Oregon, U.S.A., and Description of the Dentition, Gill Rakers and Vertebrae of the Recent Basking Shark Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus): Bulletin
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have also been found in coastal assemblages. Paleontologists believe that animals in these two groups fed on clams and other mollusks, which is consistent with fossil clam beds found in the Coast Range. The saber-tooth
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Beatty, Brian Lee; Cockburn, Thomas C. (September 3, 2015). "New insights on the most primitive desmostylian from a partial skeleton of
Behemotops (Desmostylia, Mammalia) from Vancouver Island, British Columbia".
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terrestrial environment. The assemblage is rich in fossil seeds, fruit nuts, and associated woods, and is one of the few places in the world where all three are preserved in a single location. The flora included
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Famoso, Nicholas A.; Davis, Edward Byrd; Feranec, Robert S.; Hopkins, Samantha S. B.; Price, Samantha A. (March 1, 2016). "Are
Hypsodonty and Occlusal Enamel Complexity Evolutionarily Correlated in Ungulates?".
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period. Fossil assemblages from that time are therefore similar to those from the
Carboniferous, although none have been found that include any Permian plant life. One species of Permian snail found in Oregon,
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Kelsey, Harvey M.; Nelson, Alan R.; Hemphill-Haley, Eileen; Witter, Robert C. (2005). "Tsunami history of an Oregon coastal lake reveals a 4600 yr record of great earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone".
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Tectonic activity associated with the Cascadian Subduction Zone continued throughout the Quaternary, leaving evidence of a series of earthquakes and tsunamis in the past 60 thousand years. At the end of the
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Deméré, Thomas A.; Berta, Annalisa (July 20, 2001). "A reevaluation of Proneotherium repenningi from the Miocene Astoria Formation of Oregon and its position as a basal odobenid (Pinnipedia: Mammalia)".
1588:
Condon realized that he had stumbled on a find of major scientific importance. Since he himself had no scientific qualifications or references to use in identifying fossils, Condon sent some fossils to
406:, has been found in the same formations. Although corals have also been found in these assemblages, paleontologists debate the presence of true coral reefs in the region during the Triassic. The oldest
3819:
2195:
Flügel, Erik; Senowbari-Daryan, Baba; Stanley, George D. (1989). "Late Triassic Dasycladacean Alga from Northeastern Oregon: Significance of First Reported Occurrence in Western North America".
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period, before which time the state's landmass was likely submerged under water. Sediment records show that Oregon remained mostly submerged until the Paleocene period. The state's earliest
3490:
Badgley, Catherine; Smiley, Tara M.; Terry, Rebecca; Davis, Edward B.; DeSantis, Larisa R. G.; Fox, David L.; Hopkins, Samantha S. B.; Jezkova, Tereza; Matocq, Marjorie D. (March 1, 2017).
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Mchorse, Brianna K.; Davis, Edward Byrd; Scott, Eric; Jenkins, Dennis L. (November 1, 2016). "What species of horse was coeval with North America's earliest humans in the Paisley Caves?".
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1581:, near the fossil beds, Condon went along with them and prospected for fossils. He went fossil collecting again in 1863 and discovered rich fossil deposits north of Picture Gorge in the
3227:
Retallack, Gregory J.; Martin, James E.; Brozs, Adrian P.; Breithaupt, Brent H.; Matthews, Neffra A.; Walton, Dean P. (2018). "Late Pleistocene trackway from Fossil Lake, Oregon".
1072:, a conifer closely related to modern redwoods, flourished across the state during this time. Mammals and other fauna diversified and became more common. Early additions included
2323:"A new metriorhynchoid (Crocodylomorpha, Thalattosuchia) from the Middle Jurassic of Oregon and the evolutionary timing of marine adaptations in thalattosuchian crocodylomorphs"
480:
indicate shallow sea environments similar to those of the state's late Triassic. Among Oregon's Jurassic-aged vertebrate fossils are the remains of marine crocodiles known as
4570:
3740:
Levering, David; Hopkins, Samantha; Davis, Edward (January 15, 2017). "Increasing locomotor efficiency among North American ungulates across the Oligocene-Miocene boundary".
113:, Oregon's climate gradually cooled and eventually yielded the environments now found in the state. The era's fossils include marine and terrestrial plants, invertebrates,
148:
devised myths to explain fossils. By the mid-19th century local fossils had come to the attention of formally trained scientists, and modern research has produced data on
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Miles, Gregory A. (January 1, 1981). "Planktonic foraminifers of the lower Tertiary Roseburg, Lookingglass, and Flournoy Formations (Umpqua Group), southwest Oregon".
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dated to around 9,000 years ago. The margin of error for these dates makes it possible that humans contributed to the extinction of Oregon's Pleistocene megafauna.
1645:, who studies fossilized soils. Many of the finds described above were collected, described, and analyzed by researchers in these programs and their predecessors.
465:
in Oregon's ancient seaway, burying older rock formations and giving way to new volcanic island chains. Oregon's Jurassic invertebrates, such as the reef-building
281:
2717:
Woodburne, M. O.; Robinson, P. T. (1977). "A New Late Hemingfordian Mammal Fauna from the John Day Formation, Oregon, and Its Stratigraphic Implications".
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Description, phylogenetic analysis and taphonomy of a new Thalattosaur from the Brisbois member of the Vester Formation (Carnian/Norian) of central Oregon
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709:
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Taylor, David G.; Lucas, Spencer G. (2018). "A Late Cretaceous (Campanian) hadrosaur sacrum from the Cape Sebastian Sandstone, Curry County, Oregon".
2388:"Hoploparia riddlensis, a new species of lobster (Decapoda; nephropidae) from the Days Creek Formation (Hauterivian, Lower Cretaceous) of Oregon"
655:
fossils have been found in Oregon, and both are isolated bones in marine rocks, which evidently bloated and floated out to sea. One is the pedal
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Adams, John (August 1, 1990). "Paleoseismicity of the Cascadia Subduction Zone: Evidence from turbidites off the Oregon-Washington Margin".
4325:
2147:"Acteonina Permiana, A New Species From The Permian Coyote Butte Formation, Central Oregon (Mollusca : Gastropoda : Actaeonidae)"
1447:, reveal a touching drama of wounded mother and concerned yearlings A 9-meter bear trackway, including tracks of the same size and age as
2771:
Retallack, Gregory J (May 20, 2004). "Late Oligocene bunch grassland and early Miocene sod grassland paleosols from central Oregon, USA".
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a bear-like aquatic carnivore with features similar to saber-toothed predators, comes from nearby deposits of similar age. Whales such as
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Oregon's mid-to-late Paleogene fossil record is split between the ocean-covered western part of the state and the terrestrial east, where
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seeds. Formations of similar age also include shallow water invertebrates indicating that Oregon's volcanic islands were surrounded by
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along the ancient Oregonian coast. Although the mountain range ran along that Cretaceous coast, it was different from Oregon's modern
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formed in the region. Islands in these chains would have hosted warm, wet terrestrial environments. Fossils in Oregon's oldest floral
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1979:
2775:. Evolution of grass-dominated ecosystems during the late Cenozoic Session at the North American Paleontological Convention, 2001.
826:. Shark teeth from over a dozen genera have been found at a variety of sites, including the Rocky Point Quarry to the west of the
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times. Geologists infer that the area now occupied by Oregon must have been submerged deep on the ocean floor during that period.
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In the present day, Oregon State University and the University of Oregon both maintain active research programs in paleontology.
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Monster," shows that short-necked plesiosaurs roamed the state's Cretaceous seas along with ichthyosaurs. Other sites nearby in
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Stanley, George D.; Whalen, Michael T. (1989). "Triassic Corals and Spongiomorphs from Hells Canyon, Wallowa Terrane, Oregon".
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deposits record an environment that was warm and wet, similar to the modern American southeast. Fossils from this time include
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period, formed by the merging of the state's older volcanic chains. The only plant fossil from Oregon's Triassic formations is
1637:, under the supervision of Samantha Hopkins and Edward Davis, focuses on Oregon's extinct mammals. The University of Oregon's
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2806:
Retallack, Gregory J.; Orr, William N.; Prothero, Donald R.; Duncan, Robert A.; Kester, Paul R.; Ambers, Clifford P. (2004).
1921:
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3634:"Energy flow and functional compensation in Great Basin small mammals under natural and anthropogenic environmental change"
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3820:"A new late Hemingfordian vertebrate fauna from Hawk Rim, Oregon, with implications for biostratigraphy and geochronology"
1619:" of the late nineteenth century, also collected fossils in Oregon. His findings from the state are described in his book
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Oregon's vertebrates become more diverse in its Cretaceous fossil record. An amateur discovery in 2005, popularly dubbed "
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period. This coastline later developed through a combination of sea level change and mountain uplift. Global temperatures
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other fossils discovered by Native Americans may have contributed to the development of local myths and lore. Historian
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3867:"On the relationship between enamel band complexity and occlusal surface area in Equids (Mammalia, Perissodactyla)"
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Data from: Spatially explicit analysis sheds new light on the Pleistocene megafaunal extinction in North America
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contributed more floodwaters to many of the same areas. These floods contributed to the modern fertility of the
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by transporting soils from the east. Given the timing of these events, it is unlikely that they contributed to
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2935:"A unique feeding strategy of the extinct marine mammal Kolponomos: convergence on sabretooths and sea otters"
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Retallack, Gregory J.; Theodor, Jessica M.; Davis, Edward B.; Hopkins, Samantha S.; Barrett, Paul Z. (2018).
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The Willamette Valley Pleistocene Project has reported the discovery of mammoth tracks, attributable to the
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Proceedings of the 5th Symposium of the Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution: Beijing, 1-4 June 2000
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period, Oregon's climate became drier and its environments became more similar to those of the modern day.
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and improved ocean productivity, prompting diversification among the state's fauna. At least 25 species of
233:, indicating a shallow marine environment. Most of Oregon would remain under water until the Cenozoic era.
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1676:, which was responsible for discovery of the "Mitchell's Monster" plesiosaur and "Bernie" the Jurassic
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Cope, E. D. (1877). "Descriptions of New Vertebrata from the Upper Tertiary Formations of the West".
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did not extend into the state. Evidence of ice cap increase and decrease is preserved in a series of
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Emery-Wetherell, Meaghan; McHorse, Brianna; Davis, Edward (June 1, 2017). "Megafaunal Extinction".
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2283:"A Norian (Late Triassic) ichthyosaur from the Martin Bridge Limestone, Wallowa Mountains, Oregon"
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that inundated much of the state from 19-13 thousand years ago. Around 14 thousand years ago, the
368:. As in the Paleozoic, shallow water invertebrates made up Oregon's Triassic fauna. These include
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Pleistocene megafauna are found across the northern half of Oregon and include such finds as the
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414:. These fossils, including vertebrae, ribs, and a partial skull, have been assigned to the early
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1985:
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1629:, under the supervision of Rebecca Terry, produces research into paleoecology and Quaternary
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Hanger, Rex A.; Hahn, R.; Strong, E.E. (2000). "Lower Permian Trilobites from Oregon, USA".
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because of its resemblance to contemporary Eurasian species. Fragmentary remains of Permian
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appeared and spread across the landscape, leaving fossilized leaves in the John Day beds.
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University of California Publications: Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences
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jaw, from the John Day fossil beds. When soldiers were dispatched the following year to
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3701:"Small mammal responses to environmental change: integrating past and present dynamics"
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3256:"Mammalian Tracks in the Late Pliocene or Early Pleistocene Beds of Lake County Oregon"
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McLaughlin, Win N. F.; Hopkins, Samantha S. B.; Schmitz, Mark D. (September 2, 2016).
2444:"First Oregon dinosaur (Ornithopoda) from Early Cretaceous (Albian) of Oregon, U.S.A."
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1443:. A spectacular set of 117 mammoth tracks some 43,000 years old at Fossil Lake, near
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from these areas tend to be endemic to the region. These include species of the fern
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Stilson, Kelsey T.; Hopkins, Samantha S. B.; Davis, Edward Byrd (February 3, 2016).
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1536:, who attributed local fossils to water monsters killed by the mythological figure
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Gordon, I. (1985). "The Paleocene Denning Spring flora of north-central Oregon".
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3492:"Biodiversity and Topographic Complexity: Modern and Geohistorical Perspectives"
2524:. Geological Society of America Special Papers. Vol. 184. pp. 85–104.
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pastor. The soldiers brought fossil bones and teeth, including a well-preserved
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can be found across the northern half of the state, including sites such as the
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756:. Trees that would become more common when temperatures later cooled, including
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4193:
Hunting for Fossils: A Guide to Finding and Collecting Fossils in All 50 States
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Hunting for Fossils. A Guide to Finding and Collecting Fossils in All 50 States
764:, made their first appearance along Oregon's Paleogene coastline. Invertebrate
4041:. Geological Society of America Special Papers. Vol. 216. pp. 1–20.
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1565:. Condon began collecting in 1861, when a company of soldiers that arrived in
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Claeson, Kerin M.; Davis, E. B.; Sidlauskas, B. L.; Prescott, Z. M. (2016).
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1404:. Among the bony fish species found in Fossil Lake's assemblage are several
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fossils in Oregon's fossil record appear in Triassic-aged limestones in the
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Fremd, Ted, Greg Retallack, Dale Springer, Judy Scotchmoor. July 1, 2005. "
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Paleosols and Weathering Through Geologic Time: Principles and Applications
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2808:"Eocene-Oligocene extinction and paleoclimatic change near Eugene, Oregon"
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Fremd, Ted; Retallack, Gregory; Springer, Dale; Scotchmoor, Judy (2005).
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dated to nearly 400 million years ago, during the Devonian period of the
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82:
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Retallack, Greg J. (January 1, 1988). "Field recognition of paleosols".
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dated to 14,300 years ago. Other early sites include an encampment near
1376:). The assemblage also includes over 50 species of waterfowl, including
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at the end of the Jurassic, creating a new western coastline during the
3926:"Osteopathology in Rhinocerotidae from 50 Million Years to the Present"
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Additions to the Flora of the Spotted Ridge Formation in Central Oregon
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3161:"The McMinnville Mammoth Site | Institute for Archaeological Studies"
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to be Oregon's official state fossil in a resolution passed in 2005.
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2563:"Coccolith Zonation for Paleogene Strata in the Oregon Coast Range"
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In search of ancient Oregon : a geological and natural history
930:, which blocked moist air from the Pacific and created the state's
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1028:. These mammals shared the ecosystem with crocodiles in the genus
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were first laid down. The earliest fossils in John Day indicate a
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Tseng, Z. Jack; Grohé, Camille; Flynn, John J. (March 16, 2016).
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applications, systematic paleontology, and mammal paleoecology.
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Aquatic mammals made their first appearance in Oregon along the
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733:
649:
493:
466:
261:
126:
114:
81:. Oregon was covered by seaways and volcanic islands during the
4239:
2640:
Symposium, Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution (2002).
144:
Oregon has a long tradition of paleontological research. Local
42:
fossil, from the same species as Oregon's official state fossil
4169:
3075:
The Sabertooth Salmon, Oncorhynchus rastrosus, gets a facelift
1673:
887:
875:
176:
Prehisto Precambrian There are no known rocks in Oregon from
4159:
In Search of Ancient Oregon: A Geological and Natural History
1668:
There are several organizations located in Oregon devoted to
701:) sandstones at Cape Sebastian on the southern Oregon coast.
2747:
The Terrestrial Eocene-Oligocene Transition in North America
1502:
dated to around 10,000 years ago and a pair of sandals from
1288:
also swam in Oregon's Neogene rivers. Global cooling in the
2904:
10.1671/0272-4634(2001)021[0279:AROPRF]2.0.CO;2
2744:
Prothero, Donald R.; Emry, Robert J. (September 29, 2005).
1821:
University of Oregon Museum of Natural and Cultural History
1607:
University of Oregon Museum of Natural and Cultural History
1332:
fossil assemblage. Included in this assemblage are typical
779:
made their first appearance in the state's fossil record.
53:
research occurring within or conducted by people from the
2482:
New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin
610:
Oregon's oldest known crustacean, a unique species named
3865:
Famoso, Nicholas A.; Davis, Edward Byrd (July 6, 2016).
3699:
Rowe, Rebecca J.; Terry, Rebecca C. (December 1, 2014).
1672:
initiatives related to paleontology. Among these is the
1547:
Thomas Condon (1822-1907), Oregon's first paleontologist
990:. The state's earliest known land mammals—including the
926:
The subduction zone's volcanic activity also formed the
768:
from the Paleogene have been reported from sediments in
304:
Island chains continued to form over Oregon through the
65:
extends back approximately 400 million years ago to the
2362:"Jurassic crocodile discovered in Crook County, Oregon"
2360:
Bland, Andrew; Rose, Robert; Currier, Aaron D. (2005).
201:
Oregon's oldest known rock formations are found in the
3632:
Terry, Rebecca C.; Rowe, Rebecca J. (August 4, 2015).
2992:"Notes on Tertiary Sirenians of the Genus Desmostylus"
1635:
The University of Oregon's Vertebrate Paleontology Lab
1018:—browsed these flora. Among the area's predators was
349:
Artist's reconstruction of ichthyosaurs in the genus
3539:
Smiley, Tara M; Terry, Rebecca C (January 1, 2001).
3387:"Cave containing earliest human DNA dubbed historic"
3089:"Glacier National Park (U.S. National Park Service)"
2693:"KBD: Kew Bibliographic Databases: Detailed results"
1220:
Artist's reconstruction of the saber-toothed salmon
358:
A new series of tropical islands emerged during the
16:
Paleontological research in the U.S. state of Oregon
4534:
4273:
4081:
Soils of the Past: An Introduction to Paleopedology
2613:. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science.
2151:
Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington
429:has been recovered from the Brisbois Member of the
1621:Vertebrata of the Tertiary Formations of the West.
1213:have also been found in the John Day fossil beds.
3742:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
3465:Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
3229:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
2773:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
1300:. Oregon's mountain ranges were covered in large
1272:appear in Oregon's fossil record in this period.
3203:"Mammoth Tracks Prove Beasts Once Roamed Oregon"
1605:, with the bulk of his collection stored in the
1324:are also common across the state. These include
627:have yielded the remains of Oregon's only known
3638:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2129:Mamay, Sergius H.; Read, Charles Brian (1956).
802:area alone. Other marine invertebrates include
704:There is no geological record in Oregon of the
2582:"Fossil localities of the Eugene area, Oregon"
1483:such as mammoths and ground sloths in Oregon.
1370:(which was previously mistaken for its cousin
663:, intermediate in size and morphology between
4251:
3254:Packard, E.L.; Allison, I.S.; Cressman, L.S.
256:ecosystem. Fossils in the assemblage include
85:era. Fossils from this period include marine
8:
4216:Orr, Elizabeth L. and Orr, William N. 2012.
4209:Orr, Elizabeth L. and Orr, William N. 2009.
3140:The City of Tualatin Oregon Official Website
3115:"Pleistocene mammals of Fossil Lake, Oregon"
2561:Bukry, David; Snavely, Parke D. Jr. (1988).
2310:(ms thesis). University of Alaska Fairbanks.
2852:. Cambridge University Press. p. 544.
2096:Orr, Elizabeth L.; Orr, William N. (2009).
2016:Orr, Elizabeth L.; Orr, William N. (2012).
187:Artist's rendition of the scale tree genus
4571:Paleontology in the United States by state
4258:
4244:
4236:
2521:Pacific Northwest Cenozoic Biostratigraphy
2287:U.S. Geological Survey Professional Papers
1328:, which is the source of Oregon's largest
209:. The state's oldest individual rock is a
3967:
3949:
3900:
3882:
3716:
3675:
3657:
3515:
2966:
1182:. Predators in this time period included
786:laid the foundations for Oregon's modern
4078:Retallack, Gregory J. (April 30, 2008).
1733:
1615:, whose rivalry with Marsh spurred the "
909:was found in associated rock formations.
433:in Central Oregon near the community of
2629:. University of California Press. 1932.
1922:"The Paleontology Portal: Oregon, U.S."
1901:
1481:the extinction of Pleistocene megafauna
772:, but their identity remains disputed.
535:A trace fossil attributed to the genus
4220:Oregon State University Press. 304 pp.
4213:Oregon State University Press. 300 pp.
4131:"Mitchell's Monster | Mitchell Oregon"
3353:Geological Society of America Bulletin
2815:Geological Society of America Bulletin
1834:John Day Fossil Beds National Monument
1804:John Day Fossil Beds National Monument
1740:John Day Fossil Beds National Monument
1490:occupation in Oregon comes from human
1463:, collapse of the ice dam surrounding
1047:Horns and other fossils attributed to
4177:Fossil Legends of the First Americans
3432:Fossil legends of the first Americans
3285:
3283:
3281:
3279:
3186:"Ice Age Fossils of Woodburn, Oregon"
2091:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1682:Willamette Valley Pleistocene Project
7:
4179:. Princeton University Press. 2005.
2063:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2055:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1999:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
934:. This is when Oregon's fossil-rich
886:. Marine birds in the area included
638:, as well as teeth from the extinct
3549:10.1002/9780470015902.a0003274.pub2
2386:Feldmann, Rodney M. (May 1, 1974).
1627:Oregon State University's Terry Lab
782:In western Oregon's ocean, the new
511:Oregon's islands collided with the
492:and others of similar age, include
425:Additionally, a new genus of basal
3824:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
3777:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
3032:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
2892:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
2451:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
2418:"Oregon Paleo Lands Center (OPLI)"
2327:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
2135:. U.S. Government Printing Office.
1891:Paleontology in Washington (state)
1599:American Museum of Natural History
1561:Oregon's first paleontologist was
1467:initiated a series of large-scale
697:, recovered from Late Cretaceous (
315:, lends credence to the theory of
14:
4267:Paleontology in the United States
3496:Trends in Ecology & Evolution
2100:. Oregon State University Press.
2020:. Oregon State University Press.
1830:Thomas Condon Paleontology Center
329:, have been found in the state's
4576:Science and technology in Oregon
4211:Oregon Fossils (Second Edition).
3113:Elftman, Herbert Oliver (1931).
2422:Oregon Paleo Lands Center (OPLI)
1860:
1846:
323:, including the endemic species
4218:Oregon Geology (Sixth Edition).
1684:, which collects from sites in
1680:. Another amateur group is the
1318:Erratic Rock State Natural Site
4195:. Collier Books. p. 348.
4172:. Accessed September 21, 2012.
3994:Journal of Mammalian Evolution
3543:. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
3434:. Princeton University Press.
2750:. Cambridge University Press.
1738:Clarno Formation rocks in the
1:
4106:"House Joint Resolution 0003"
3836:10.1080/02724634.2016.1201095
3789:10.1080/02724634.2016.1214595
2848:Hartwig, Walter Carl (2002).
2459:10.1080/02724634.2018.1486847
1970:Bishop, Ellen Morris (2006).
1674:North American Research Group
1569:, where Condon served as the
1207:Remains of the early primate
712:that ended the Mesozoic era.
675:, from the Early Cretaceous (
616:, is also of Cretaceous age.
457:during the transition to the
25:The location of the state of
4157:Bishop, Ellen Morris. 2003.
3951:10.1371/journal.pone.0146221
3762:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.11.036
3411:. Dryad Digital Repository.
3241:10.1016/j.palaeo.2018.01.037
3044:10.1080/02724634.2015.979939
2793:10.1016/j.palaeo.2003.09.027
2339:10.1080/02724634.2014.902846
2178:Geologica et Palaeontologica
687:fragment, attributable to a
221:era. These deposits include
1519:Ancient people living near
1364:, and the short-faced bear
1200:, and early canids such as
1056:In the transition from the
960:Platanophyllum angustilobus
276:, which is consistent with
4592:
3508:10.1016/j.tree.2016.12.010
1876:Paleontology in California
1515:Indigenous interpretations
1312:, including Glacier Lake.
1231:coast. Fossils from early
4566:Natural history of Oregon
4110:www.oregonlegislature.gov
4084:. John Wiley & Sons.
4006:10.1007/s10914-015-9296-7
3122:American Museum Novitates
2990:Hannibal, Harold (1922).
2850:The primate fossil record
2606:Welton, Bruce J. (2013).
2252:10.1017/s0022336000036490
2209:10.1017/s0022336000019545
1787:Pittsburg Bluff Formation
1486:The earliest evidence of
1099:Later additions included
444:A crocodile in the genus
291:A trilobite in the genus
4231:Geologic units of Oregon
3430:Mayor, Adrienne (2005).
3165:prehistoricterritory.org
2281:Orr, William N. (1987).
1658:Metasequoia occidentalis
1654:Oregon state legislature
1528:cites as an example the
1164:including the burrowing
1070:Metasequoia occidentalis
784:Cascadia subduction zone
282:theory of reef formation
166:Metasequoia occidentalis
39:Metasequoia occidentalis
4191:Murray, Marian (1974).
4170:The Paleontology Portal
4161:. Timber Press. 288 pp.
3659:10.1073/pnas.1424315112
3329:10.1029/tc009i004p00569
3290:Murray, Marian (1967).
2719:Journal of Paleontology
2392:Journal of Paleontology
2321:Wilberg, E. W. (2015).
2240:Journal of Paleontology
2197:Journal of Paleontology
1815:Natural history museums
1603:Smithsonian Institution
1255:Kolponomos newportensis
905:The state's only known
830:. These genera include
470:Lithiolus problematicus
455:Pangaean supercontinent
326:Cummingella oregonensis
240:, a series of volcanic
4561:Paleontology in Oregon
2951:10.1098/rspb.2016.0044
2672:oregonencyclopedia.org
2668:"John Day Fossil Beds"
2304:Metz, Eric T. (2019).
1886:Paleontology in Nevada
1762:Coyote Butte Formation
1742:
1548:
1286:Oncorhynchus rastrosus
1270:Cophocetus oregonensis
1224:
1222:Oncorhynchus rastrosus
1053:
923:
679:) Hudspeth Shale near
659:of a large (5 m long)
541:
450:
355:
331:Coyote Butte Formation
301:
193:
47:Paleontology in Oregon
43:
29:
3718:10.1644/13-MAMM-S-079
3136:"Tualatin's Mastodon"
2580:Steere, M.L. (1958).
1881:Paleontology in Idaho
1737:
1724:Othniel Charles Marsh
1656:declared the species
1591:Othniel Charles Marsh
1571:Congregational church
1546:
1334:Pleistocene megafauna
1306:Cordilleran Ice Sheet
1219:
1046:
915:
858:. Bony fish included
798:, are known from the
724:The state's earliest
613:Hoploparia riddlensis
534:
521:reached their maximum
490:Coon Hollow Formation
443:
365:Diplopora oregonensis
348:
290:
186:
133:, and traces such as
105:such as invertebrate
35:
24:
3705:Journal of Mammalogy
2996:Journal of Mammalogy
2567:Pacific Section SEPM
1639:paleontology faculty
1461:Last Glacial Maximum
1451:has been found near
1352:, the ground sloths
936:John Day Fossil Beds
928:Cascade volcanic arc
890:, the local species
794:, including several
569:, seeds of the palm
513:Laramidian continent
238:Carboniferous period
3942:2016PLoSO..1146221S
3754:2017PPP...466..279L
3650:2015PNAS..112.9656T
3595:10.1038/nature16447
3587:2016Natur.529...80K
3417:10.5061/dryad.5s3b1
3365:2005GSAB..117.1009K
3321:1990Tecto...9..569A
2858:2002prfr.book.....H
2827:2004GSAB..116..817R
2785:2004PPP...207..203R
1868:Paleontology portal
1719:Edward Drinker Cope
1613:Edward Drinker Cope
1552:Scientific research
1248:have been found in
903:Phocavis maritimus.
840:comb-toothed sharks
453:The breakup of the
225:as well as extinct
3884:10.7717/peerj.2181
2945:(1826): 20160044.
2530:10.1130/SPE184-p85
1743:
1549:
1338:Columbian mammoths
1265:and the primitive
1241:and the primitive
1225:
1054:
924:
872:ancestral billfish
542:
451:
356:
312:Acteonina permiana
302:
252:period, implies a
250:Late Carboniferous
194:
44:
30:
4548:
4547:
4202:978-0-02-093550-6
4175:Mayor, Adrienne.
4135:mitchelloregon.us
4056:978-0-8137-2216-0
4047:10.1130/SPE216-p1
3644:(31): 9656–9661.
2539:978-0-8137-2184-2
1792:Wallowa Mountains
1752:Astoria Formation
1746:Fossil localities
1730:Notable locations
1557:Professional work
1477:Willamette Valley
1422:mammoth, and the
1034:and the tortoise
854:, and an archaic
683:. The other is a
461:period created a
412:Wallowa Mountains
207:Klamath Mountains
73:includes plants,
4583:
4542:Washington, D.C.
4536:Federal district
4260:
4253:
4246:
4237:
4206:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4141:
4127:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4102:
4096:
4095:
4075:
4069:
4068:
4032:
4026:
4025:
3988:
3982:
3981:
3971:
3953:
3921:
3915:
3914:
3904:
3886:
3862:
3856:
3855:
3815:
3809:
3808:
3772:
3766:
3765:
3737:
3731:
3730:
3720:
3711:(6): 1157–1174.
3696:
3690:
3689:
3679:
3661:
3629:
3623:
3622:
3569:
3563:
3562:
3536:
3530:
3529:
3519:
3487:
3481:
3480:
3471:(100): 219–231.
3460:
3454:
3453:
3427:
3421:
3420:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3395:
3393:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3373:10.1130/b25452.1
3347:
3341:
3340:
3304:
3298:
3297:
3287:
3274:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3260:
3251:
3245:
3244:
3224:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3199:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3182:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3171:
3157:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3146:
3132:
3126:
3125:
3119:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3099:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3026:
3020:
3019:
2987:
2981:
2980:
2970:
2930:
2924:
2923:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2835:10.1130/b25281.1
2812:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2586:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2558:
2552:
2551:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2448:
2439:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2366:
2357:
2351:
2350:
2318:
2312:
2311:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2093:
2040:
2039:
2013:
1994:
1993:
1967:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1917:
1870:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1856:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1777:Keasey Formation
1473:Bonneville Flood
1445:Christmas Valley
1314:Glacial erratics
955:, the primitive
893:Hydrotherikornis
732:and leaves from
681:Mitchell, Oregon
631:, attributed to
431:Vester Formation
248:, dating to the
236:Starting in the
146:Native Americans
4591:
4590:
4586:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4544:
4530:
4269:
4264:
4227:
4203:
4190:
4154:
4149:
4139:
4137:
4129:
4128:
4124:
4114:
4112:
4104:
4103:
4099:
4092:
4077:
4076:
4072:
4057:
4034:
4033:
4029:
3990:
3989:
3985:
3936:(2): e0146221.
3923:
3922:
3918:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3830:(5): e1201095.
3817:
3816:
3812:
3783:(6): e1214595.
3774:
3773:
3769:
3739:
3738:
3734:
3698:
3697:
3693:
3631:
3630:
3626:
3581:(7584): 80–83.
3571:
3570:
3566:
3559:
3538:
3537:
3533:
3489:
3488:
3484:
3462:
3461:
3457:
3442:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3406:
3405:
3401:
3391:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3306:
3305:
3301:
3289:
3288:
3277:
3267:
3265:
3258:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3211:
3209:
3201:
3200:
3196:
3188:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3169:
3167:
3159:
3158:
3154:
3144:
3142:
3134:
3133:
3129:
3117:
3112:
3111:
3107:
3097:
3095:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3072:
3071:
3067:
3028:
3027:
3023:
3008:10.2307/1373255
2989:
2988:
2984:
2939:Proc. R. Soc. B
2932:
2931:
2927:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2868:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2810:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2758:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2701:
2699:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2676:
2674:
2666:
2665:
2661:
2654:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2584:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2540:
2517:
2516:
2512:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2446:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2426:
2424:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2364:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2280:
2279:
2275:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2128:
2127:
2123:
2108:
2095:
2094:
2043:
2028:
2015:
2014:
1997:
1982:
1969:
1968:
1939:
1929:
1927:
1925:paleoportal.org
1919:
1918:
1903:
1899:
1866:
1861:
1859:
1852:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1817:
1800:
1798:Protected areas
1748:
1732:
1710:
1678:thalattosaurian
1670:citizen science
1666:
1595:Yale University
1559:
1554:
1517:
1512:
1304:, although the
1210:Ekgmowechashala
718:
644:Scapanorhynchus
478:Buchia piochii,
463:subduction zone
402:, a species of
339:
317:plate tectonics
199:
63:geologic record
51:paleontological
17:
12:
11:
5:
4589:
4587:
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4573:
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4563:
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4552:
4546:
4545:
4540:
4538:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4476:South Carolina
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4441:North Carolina
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4277:
4275:
4271:
4270:
4265:
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4262:
4255:
4248:
4240:
4234:
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4225:External links
4223:
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3767:
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3624:
3564:
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3531:
3502:(3): 211–226.
3482:
3455:
3441:978-0691113456
3440:
3422:
3399:
3378:
3342:
3315:(4): 569–583.
3299:
3275:
3263:Oregon Geology
3246:
3219:
3194:
3177:
3152:
3127:
3105:
3080:
3065:
3038:(5): e979939.
3021:
3002:(4): 238–240.
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2898:(2): 279–310.
2881:
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2779:(3): 203–237.
2763:
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2725:(4): 750–757.
2709:
2684:
2659:
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2616:
2598:
2572:
2553:
2538:
2510:
2501:Oregon Geology
2491:
2472:
2434:
2409:
2398:(3): 586–593.
2378:
2369:Oregon Geology
2352:
2333:(2): e902846.
2313:
2296:
2273:
2246:(6): 800–819.
2230:
2203:(3): 374–381.
2187:
2168:
2138:
2121:
2106:
2098:Oregon Fossils
2041:
2026:
2018:Oregon geology
1995:
1980:
1937:
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1757:Blue Mountains
1754:
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1731:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1709:
1708:Notable people
1706:
1665:
1662:
1643:Greg Retallack
1641:also includes
1631:climate change
1583:John Day River
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1530:Klamath Tribes
1526:Adrienne Mayor
1521:Fossil, Oregon
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1504:Fort Rock Cave
1250:Lincoln County
1101:perissodactyls
1085:Gentilicamelus
1058:late Paleogene
1031:Pristichampsus
800:Fern Ridge Dam
717:
714:
625:Wheeler County
601:Glossifungites
447:Metriorhynchus
338:
335:
299:C. oregonensis
278:Charles Darwin
203:Blue Mountains
198:
195:
169:is the Oregon
150:climate change
15:
13:
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4381:Massachusetts
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2027:9780870716812
2023:
2019:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2002:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1981:9780881927894
1977:
1973:
1966:
1964:
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1956:
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1889:
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1879:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1858:
1855:
1854:Oregon portal
1844:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1809:Paisley Caves
1807:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1782:Nye Formation
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1736:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1714:Thomas Condon
1712:
1711:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1702:King's Valley
1699:
1695:
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1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
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1659:
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1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
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1600:
1596:
1592:
1586:
1584:
1580:
1579:Harney Valley
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1563:Thomas Condon
1556:
1551:
1545:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1522:
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1509:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1496:Paisley Caves
1493:
1489:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1465:Lake Missoula
1462:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1441:Yamhill River
1438:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1347:
1346:Ice Age bison
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1323:
1322:Pluvial lakes
1319:
1315:
1311:
1310:glacial lakes
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1263:
1258:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1246:Proneotherium
1244:
1240:
1239:
1234:
1230:
1229:early Neogene
1223:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1211:
1206:
1204:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1152:
1151:Gomphotherium
1147:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1125:Diceratherium
1121:
1119:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1096:
1095:Hypertragulus
1091:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1052:
1051:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1024:, a cat-like
1023:
1022:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1003:
999:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
958:
954:
950:
946:
941:
937:
933:
929:
921:
920:
914:
910:
908:
904:
900:
896:
894:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
856:basking shark
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
828:Nehalem River
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
780:
778:
773:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
722:
715:
713:
711:
707:
706:K-Pg boundary
702:
700:
696:
695:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
673:
668:
667:
666:Tenontosaurus
662:
658:
654:
651:
648:Only two non-
647:
645:
641:
637:
635:
630:
626:
622:
617:
615:
614:
609:
607:
602:
598:
597:
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587:
583:
582:
578:
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568:
564:
560:
559:
554:
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533:
529:
527:
522:
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514:
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479:
475:
471:
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460:
456:
449:
448:
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396:
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367:
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354:
353:
347:
343:
336:
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328:
327:
322:
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314:
313:
307:
300:
297:, related to
296:
295:
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279:
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263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
197:Paleozoic Era
196:
192:
191:
190:Lepidodendron
185:
181:
179:
174:
172:
168:
167:
163:dawn redwood
162:
157:
155:
151:
147:
142:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
109:. During the
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
91:invertebrates
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
71:fossil record
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
41:
40:
34:
28:
23:
19:
4481:South Dakota
4471:Rhode Island
4466:Pennsylvania
4460:
4446:North Dakota
4217:
4210:
4192:
4176:
4158:
4138:. Retrieved
4134:
4125:
4113:. Retrieved
4109:
4100:
4080:
4073:
4037:
4030:
4000:(1): 43–47.
3997:
3993:
3986:
3933:
3929:
3919:
3874:
3870:
3860:
3827:
3823:
3813:
3780:
3776:
3770:
3745:
3741:
3735:
3708:
3704:
3694:
3641:
3637:
3627:
3578:
3574:
3567:
3540:
3534:
3499:
3495:
3485:
3468:
3464:
3458:
3431:
3425:
3408:
3402:
3390:. Retrieved
3381:
3356:
3352:
3345:
3312:
3308:
3302:
3296:. Macmillan.
3292:
3266:. Retrieved
3262:
3249:
3232:
3228:
3222:
3210:. Retrieved
3206:
3197:
3180:
3168:. Retrieved
3164:
3155:
3143:. Retrieved
3139:
3130:
3124:(481): 1–21.
3121:
3108:
3096:. Retrieved
3092:
3083:
3068:
3035:
3031:
3024:
2999:
2995:
2985:
2942:
2938:
2928:
2895:
2891:
2884:
2849:
2843:
2818:
2814:
2801:
2776:
2772:
2766:
2746:
2739:
2722:
2718:
2712:
2700:. Retrieved
2696:
2687:
2675:. Retrieved
2671:
2662:
2642:
2635:
2625:
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2566:
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2520:
2513:
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2500:
2494:
2485:
2481:
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2450:
2437:
2425:. Retrieved
2421:
2412:
2395:
2391:
2381:
2372:
2368:
2355:
2330:
2326:
2316:
2306:
2299:
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2181:
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2171:
2154:
2150:
2141:
2131:
2124:
2097:
2017:
1971:
1928:. Retrieved
1924:
1767:Curry County
1667:
1664:Amateur work
1657:
1651:
1647:
1624:
1620:
1611:
1587:
1560:
1518:
1485:
1457:
1448:
1437:Proboscipeda
1436:
1426:
1410:
1373:Arctotherium
1371:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1336:, including
1292:gave way to
1290:late Neogene
1285:
1278:desmostylids
1269:
1260:
1253:
1245:
1236:
1226:
1221:
1208:
1201:
1187:
1177:
1170:Palaeocastor
1168:
1157:Platybelodon
1155:
1149:
1139:
1133:
1130:artiodactyls
1123:
1116:
1110:
1104:
1093:
1083:
1077:
1069:
1055:
1048:
1035:
1029:
1019:
1015:Telmatherium
1013:
1004:
994:
980:coffee trees
959:
925:
917:
902:
891:
852:white sharks
848:tiger sharks
808:foramenifera
781:
774:
766:foramenifera
738:spongeplants
723:
719:
716:Cenozoic Era
703:
694:Lambeosaurus
692:
670:
664:
642:
640:goblin shark
634:Bennettazhia
632:
618:
611:
606:Arenicolites
604:
600:
594:
588:
586:fodinichnids
579:
570:
566:
562:
558:Ctenophyllum
556:
552:
546:
543:
536:
510:
481:
477:
469:
452:
445:
427:thalattosaur
421:Shastasaurus
419:
397:
395:trace fossil
388:
378:radiolarians
363:
357:
352:Shastasaurus
350:
340:
337:Mesozoic Era
324:
310:
303:
298:
292:
270:conifer tree
242:archipelagos
235:
200:
188:
175:
171:state fossil
164:
158:
143:
95:ichthyosaurs
46:
45:
37:
18:
4396:Mississippi
4311:Connecticut
3748:: 279–286.
3359:(7): 1009.
3235:: 192–204.
3207:www.opb.org
3093:www.nps.gov
2697:kbd.kew.org
2589:The Ore Bin
1772:Fossil Lake
1686:McMinnville
1567:Fort Dalles
1439:, near the
1420:McMinnville
1361:Megatherium
1342:dire wolves
1330:Pleistocene
1326:Fossil Lake
1238:Enaliarctos
1192:, cat-like
1173:and horned
1141:Blastomeryx
1106:Merychippus
1079:Paratylopus
1021:Patriofelis
1011:brontothere
940:subtropical
932:High Desert
919:Patriofelis
864:conger eels
836:horn sharks
812:brachiopods
804:echinoderms
788:Coast Range
770:Coos County
691:similar to
636:oregonensis
563:Podozamites
561:, conifers
526:Coast Range
416:ichthyosaur
404:fodinichnid
390:Aulacoceras
382:brachiopods
294:Cummingella
274:coral reefs
266:scale trees
231:brachiopods
178:Precambrian
137:and animal
61:. Oregon's
4555:Categories
4511:Washington
4431:New Mexico
4426:New Jersey
4301:California
4166:Oregon, US
4152:References
2821:(7): 817.
2569:: 251–264.
2507:: 115–118.
2488:: 695–702.
2184:: 125–135.
1974:. Timber.
1575:rhinoceros
1492:coprolites
1434:ichnotaxon
1428:Teratornis
1382:cormorants
1298:Quaternary
1294:glaciation
1262:Aetiocetus
1198:enteldonts
1179:Mylagaulus
1146:proboscids
1135:Dromomeryx
1118:Protapirus
1112:Parahippus
1050:Dromomeryx
1009:, and the
1000:the early
992:rhinoceros
907:fossil egg
897:, and the
816:scaphopods
754:horsetails
746:water elms
708:or of the
661:ornithopod
621:Mitchell's
590:Planolites
575:, and the
517:Cretaceous
498:quillworts
408:vertebrate
399:Chondrites
384:, and the
321:trilobites
258:horsetails
246:assemblage
154:extinction
119:amphibians
99:pterosaurs
55:U.S. state
49:refers to
4521:Wisconsin
4486:Tennessee
4391:Minnesota
4366:Louisiana
4065:0072-1077
4014:1064-7554
3960:1932-6203
3893:2167-8359
3877:: e2181.
3852:133456715
3844:0272-4634
3797:0272-4634
3727:0022-2372
3668:0027-8424
3603:0028-0836
3337:1944-9194
3309:Tectonics
3077:(Report).
3060:129905948
3052:0272-4634
2959:0962-8452
2912:0272-4634
2646:. 科学出版社.
2548:0072-1077
2404:0022-3360
2268:131404622
2225:130316730
2163:0006-324X
2116:730284504
2036:817068265
1990:756844383
1897:Footnotes
1617:Bone Wars
1408:species.
1394:flamingos
1274:Sirenians
1267:mysticete
1233:pinnipeds
1203:Cormocyon
1194:nimravids
1189:Amphicyon
1184:bear-dogs
1037:Hadrianus
1006:Orohippus
996:Hyrachyus
968:magnolias
860:mahi mahi
742:hazelnuts
726:Paleogene
699:Campanian
689:hadrosaur
629:pterosaur
596:Skolithos
577:tree-fern
551:, cycads
548:Dicksonia
538:Skolithos
386:belemnite
374:ammonites
223:conodonts
219:Paleozoic
211:limestone
161:Oligocene
79:conodonts
4506:Virginia
4456:Oklahoma
4436:New York
4411:Nebraska
4401:Missouri
4386:Michigan
4376:Maryland
4361:Kentucky
4341:Illinois
4316:Delaware
4306:Colorado
4296:Arkansas
4140:June 11,
4022:16208691
3978:26840633
3930:PLOS ONE
3911:27441119
3805:89594150
3686:26170294
3611:26675730
3526:28196688
3450:55596904
3392:June 12,
3268:June 11,
3212:June 11,
3170:June 11,
3145:June 11,
2977:26936242
2920:88095414
2876:47254191
2702:June 10,
2595:: 51–62.
2467:91379584
2375:: 24–26.
2347:83587692
2293:: 41–47.
2157:. 1998.
1840:See also
1694:Woodburn
1690:Tualatin
1585:valley.
1453:Lakeview
1449:Arctodus
1424:Woodburn
1416:mastodon
1413:Tualatin
1402:pelicans
1367:Arctodus
1302:ice caps
1186:such as
1132:such as
1103:such as
1092:such as
1076:such as
1026:creodont
957:sycamore
945:cinnamon
922:skeleton
895:oregonus
884:rockfish
868:rattails
672:Eolambia
653:dinosaur
581:Tempskya
506:conifers
472:and the
459:Jurassic
360:Triassic
205:and the
111:Cenozoic
83:Mesozoic
67:Devonian
4526:Wyoming
4501:Vermont
4406:Montana
4346:Indiana
4326:Georgia
4321:Florida
4291:Arizona
4281:Alabama
4115:June 5,
3969:4739690
3938:Bibcode
3902:4941743
3750:Bibcode
3677:4534246
3646:Bibcode
3619:4449162
3583:Bibcode
3517:5895180
3361:Bibcode
3317:Bibcode
3098:June 4,
3016:1373255
2968:4810869
2854:Bibcode
2823:Bibcode
2781:Bibcode
2731:1303741
2677:June 4,
2453:: 1–5.
2427:June 7,
2260:1305645
2217:1305509
1930:May 18,
1698:Newberg
1532:of the
1510:History
1355:Mylodon
1296:in the
1162:Rodents
1066:Grasses
1062:Neogene
1060:to the
988:bananas
984:cashews
964:walnuts
899:pelican
832:dogfish
792:mollusk
777:mammals
750:laurels
657:phalanx
572:Attalea
567:Taxites
483:Zoneait
370:sponges
306:Permian
131:mammals
123:turtles
107:burrows
4461:Oregon
4416:Nevada
4356:Kansas
4331:Hawaii
4286:Alaska
4274:States
4199:
4183:
4088:
4063:
4053:
4020:
4012:
3976:
3966:
3958:
3909:
3899:
3891:
3850:
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3803:
3795:
3725:
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3617:
3609:
3601:
3575:Nature
3555:
3524:
3514:
3477:982301
3475:
3448:
3438:
3335:
3058:
3050:
3014:
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2223:
2215:
2161:
2114:
2104:
2034:
2024:
1988:
1978:
1825:Eugene
1700:, and
1538:Coyote
1500:Bandon
1469:floods
1418:, the
1406:salmon
1400:, and
1398:herons
1378:grebes
1350:camels
1283:salmon
1243:walrus
1175:gopher
1166:beaver
1144:, and
1090:pecora
1074:camels
986:, and
976:grapes
949:cycads
901:-like
882:, and
822:, and
820:shrimp
796:snails
752:, and
730:pollen
685:sacrum
677:Albian
603:, and
553:Ctenis
504:, and
502:cycads
476:-like
474:mussel
435:Suplee
418:genus
393:. The
268:, and
254:lagoon
227:corals
215:Suplee
139:tracks
103:traces
101:, and
87:plants
77:, and
75:corals
59:Oregon
27:Oregon
4491:Texas
4371:Maine
4336:Idaho
4018:S2CID
3871:PeerJ
3848:S2CID
3801:S2CID
3615:S2CID
3473:JSTOR
3259:(PDF)
3189:(PDF)
3118:(PDF)
3056:S2CID
3012:JSTOR
2916:S2CID
2811:(PDF)
2727:JSTOR
2585:(PDF)
2463:S2CID
2447:(PDF)
2365:(PDF)
2343:S2CID
2264:S2CID
2256:JSTOR
2221:S2CID
2213:JSTOR
1534:Modoc
1488:human
1390:gulls
1386:swans
1235:such
1148:like
1002:horse
953:palms
844:makos
824:crabs
762:birch
758:alder
734:ferns
710:event
650:avian
494:ferns
262:ferns
213:near
127:birds
4496:Utah
4451:Ohio
4351:Iowa
4197:ISBN
4181:ISBN
4142:2017
4117:2017
4086:ISBN
4061:ISSN
4051:ISBN
4010:ISSN
3974:PMID
3956:ISSN
3907:PMID
3889:ISSN
3840:ISSN
3793:ISSN
3723:ISSN
3682:PMID
3664:ISSN
3607:PMID
3599:ISSN
3553:ISBN
3522:PMID
3446:OCLC
3436:ISBN
3394:2017
3333:ISSN
3270:2017
3214:2017
3172:2017
3147:2017
3100:2017
3048:ISSN
2973:PMID
2955:ISSN
2908:ISSN
2872:OCLC
2862:ISBN
2752:ISBN
2704:2017
2679:2017
2648:ISBN
2544:ISSN
2534:ISBN
2429:2017
2400:ISSN
2291:1435
2159:ISSN
2112:OCLC
2102:ISBN
2032:OCLC
2022:ISBN
1986:OCLC
1976:ISBN
1932:2017
1652:The
1601:and
1358:and
1276:and
1154:and
1138:and
1122:and
1088:and
1082:and
972:figs
888:auks
880:hake
760:and
669:and
565:and
555:and
467:clam
229:and
159:The
152:and
135:eggs
115:fish
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4043:doi
4002:doi
3964:PMC
3946:doi
3897:PMC
3879:doi
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3746:466
3713:doi
3672:PMC
3654:doi
3642:112
3591:doi
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3541:eLS
3512:PMC
3504:doi
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3325:doi
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