1106:
131:
349:
192:
1374:
150:
2864:
2231:
1462:, the IUCN lists Cuvier's dwarf caiman as being of least concern, which is because its range is extensive, covering much of northern and central South America, and although its population trend is unknown, it appears to be abundant in many of the localities in which it is found. It is listed in Appendix II of
1398:
and may delay entering the water for a few days until this has dried. Its continuing presence on their skin is believed to reduce algal growth. The female stays with the young for around a year, with the longest recorded care extending to 21 months. After this the hatchlings disperse. The young grow
565:, but also the smallest of all crocodilians. An adult weighs around 5 to 7 kg (11 to 15 lb). Its lack of size is partly made up for by its strong body armor, provided by the bony bases to its dermal scales, which provides protection against predators. Juvenile dwarf caimans mainly feed on
1093:
The head has an unusual shape for a crocodilian, with a dome-shaped skull and a short, smooth, concave snout with an upturned tip, the shape rather resembling the head of a dog. The upper jaw extends markedly further forward than the lower jaw. Four premaxillary and 14 to 15 maxillary teeth are on
1285:
Cuvier's dwarf caiman is a freshwater species and is found in forested riverine habitats and areas of flooded forest around lakes. It seems to prefer rivers and streams with fast-flowing water, but it is also found in quiet, nutrient-poor waters in
Venezuela and southeastern Brazil. It is able to
1438:
The Cuvier's dwarf caiman is the only crocodilian species that seemingly does not perform the near-universal "death roll" technique used by other extant crocodilians for feeding or intra-specific combat. However, this may only be circumstantial, as specimens tested for the behavior may have been
1072:
crocodilian. Males grow to a maximum length around 1.6 m (5.2 ft) while females do not usually exceed 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in). The largest specimen on record measured 1.73 m (5.7 ft) in length. This may be an underestimate of the animal's maximum size, as nearly all
601:
in the burrow to stay cool in the dry season. The female buries her eggs on a mounded nest and these take about 3 months to hatch. She helps the hatchlings to escape from the nest and provides some parental care for the first few weeks of their lives. This caiman has a wide range and large total
1077:
of 1.125 m (4 ft) (equivalent to a total length of 2.1 m (6.9 ft) with an intact tail). An adult typically weighs around 6 or 7 kg (13 or 15 lb), around the same weight as a 6- to 12-month-old specimen of several larger species of crocodilians. Large adults of this
1384:
Adult Cuvier's dwarf caimans are usually found singly or in pairs. The breeding of this species has been little studied, but it does not appear to be seasonal in nature. The female builds a mound nest out of vegetation and mud somewhere in a concealed location and lays a clutch of 10 to 25
1302:. Cuvier's dwarf caiman seems relatively tolerant of cool water compared to other species of caimans. During the day, individuals sometimes lie up in burrows but at other times rest on piles of rocks or sun themselves while lying, facing the sun, in shallow water with their backs exposed.
1455:; but no evidence shows that populations are dwindling as a result. Some threats to this species are from habitat destruction, including the mining of gold, but these are not thought to be of great significance. The estimated total population is over a million individuals.
1102:. The double rows of scutes on the tail are small and project vertically. Adults are dark brownish-black with a dark brown head, while juveniles are brown with black bands. The irises of the eyes are chestnut brown at all ages and the pupils are vertical slits.
510:. It lives in riverine forests, flooded forests near lakes, and near fast-flowing rivers and streams. It can traverse dry land to reach temporary pools and tolerates colder water than other species of caimans. Other common names for this species include the
1474:
Cuvier's dwarf caiman can be kept as a pet, though providing suitable care is expensive and requires extremely large enclosures. In many countries, permits or licenses are necessary and most veterinarians have little experience with these exotic animals.
1281:
smooth-fronted caiman, as it extends into
Paraguay and includes a larger area of Brazil. They also follow seasonal fluctuations in water-level, while the smooth-fronted caiman does not, which may explain how the two species are able to live in sympatry.
1393:
period is around 90 days and the sex of the hatchlings depends on the temperature of the nest during that time. When the eggs begin to hatch, the female opens the nest in response to the calls made by the young. Newly emerged juveniles have a coating of
1414:
the environment. The eggs and newly hatched young are most at risk and are preyed on by birds, snakes, rats, raccoons, and other mammals. Adults are protected by the bony osteoderms under the scales and their main predators are
1451:. Some individuals are killed by indigenous peoples for food and some traditional South American cultures believe dwarf caiman teeth protect from snake bites. Others, particularly in Guyana, are collected for the
1447:
Many crocodilians are hunted for their skins, but this is not the case with the Cuvier's dwarf caiman. This may be because the ventral skin in this species is too heavily armored to make it easy to
1286:
travel quite large distances overland at night and subadult individuals have sometimes been found in isolated, temporary pools. In the northern and southern parts of its range, it is also found in
1770:
Bittencourt, Pedro Senna; Campos, Zilca; Muniz, Fabio de Lima; Marioni, Boris; Souza, Bruno Campos; Da
Silveira, Ronis; de Thoisy, Benoit; Hrbek, Tomas; Farias, Izeni Pires (22 March 2019).
3115:
654:
Common names include the musky caiman, the dwarf caiman, Cuvier's caiman, and the smooth-fronted caiman, although the last of these is also used to refer to the closely related
633:
meaning "crocodile". This refers to the belief that this crocodile comes from an ancient lineage that diverged from other species of caimans some 30 million years ago. The
3009:
557:. With a total length averaging 1.4 m (4.6 ft) for males and up to 1.2 m (3.9 ft) for females, Cuvier's dwarf caiman is not only the smallest
3058:
1094:
either side of the upper jaw and 21 or 22 teeth on each side of the lower jaw, giving a total of about 80 teeth. The neck is relatively slender and the dorsal
3153:
1506:"Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem"
2726:
2983:
1835:
3022:
1389:, hiding them under further vegetation. Nest temperature varies between 78–88 °F (26–31 °C) and are heated by decaying vegetation. The
1310:
These caimans are mainly nocturnal. Because they occupy many different microhabitats, their diet is believed to vary regionally. Adults feed on
2717:
3228:
2096:"Temperature variation in nests of Paleosuchus palpebrosus (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae) near the southern edge of the species´ range, Brazil"
2262:
1832:
Filogeografia e genética de populações de jacaré-paguá (Paleosuchus palpebrosus) ao longo do rio
Madeira e bacia do rio Paraguai (Pantanal)
1399:
at a rate around 8 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in) per year. Females reach sexual maturity around 8 years old and males around 6 years old.
3223:
1741:
3183:
2013:
2235:
1716:
3163:
3218:
3208:
1839:
3027:
1370:
in burrows during the dry season and is able to maintain its temperature around 22 °C (72 °F) for days at a time.
3203:
3193:
3173:
1941:
1634:
3213:
3178:
3168:
1113:
The scutellation (arrangement of the scales) helps to distinguish Cuvier's dwarf caiman from
Schneider's dwarf caiman.
3188:
1213:
Cuvier's dwarf caiman is native to tropical northern and central South
America. It is present in the drainages of the
2922:
821:
191:
3063:
2949:
3198:
1378:
2255:
2145:"Parental care in the dwarf caiman, Paleosuchus palpebrosus Cuvier, 1807 (Reptilia: Crocodilia: Alligatoridae)"
1082:
on both its dorsal (upper) and ventral (lower) sides, which may compensate for its small body size in reducing
1073:
large adults have lost the tips of their tails and the largest specimen measured in the
Pantanal region had a
1056:
basin), and these are apparently isolated from each other, leading to the suggestion that it may be a cryptic
710:(Vaillant, 1898). Muller, in 1924, and Schmidt, in 1928, were the first to use the currently accepted name of
634:
3158:
2884:
2679:
2607:
2039:
1218:
728:
549:
1074:
3097:
2496:
1406:
whose presence in the ecosystem maintains a healthy balance of organisms. In its absence, fish, such as
1099:
527:
322:
1772:"Evidence of cryptic lineages within a small South American crocodilian: the Schneider's dwarf caiman
130:
2970:
2931:
2625:
2598:
2589:
2430:
2156:
1158:
18 longitudinal and 6–7 transverse rows, haphazardly arranged, with usually 2 rows between hind legs
917:
2759:
2643:
2248:
1411:
667:
139:
2144:
1584:
678:
described as "Cayenne". Since then, it has been given a number of names by different authorities:
2652:
2562:
2367:
2189:
1484:
1053:
1008:
361:
186:
3102:
3050:
2936:
1955:
1105:
348:
3014:
3084:
2957:
2670:
2580:
2421:
2376:
2172:
2125:
2117:
2009:
1979:
1911:
Campos, Zilca; Sanaiotti, Tânia; Magnusson, William E. (2010). "Maximum size of dwarf caiman,
1809:
1539:
1448:
1079:
990:
872:
1749:
1155:
18 longitudinal rows and 6–10 transverse rows, neatly arranged, with 4 rows between hind legs
651:
meaning "full of". This refers to the bony plates (palpebrals) present on the upper eyelids.
3110:
3089:
2634:
2571:
2164:
2107:
1971:
1924:
1799:
1789:
1579:
1529:
1519:
1420:
1403:
1390:
1044:
study in 2012 found clear differences between various populations of Cuvier's dwarf caiman (
259:
246:
39:
3040:
1373:
3071:
2868:
2750:
2661:
2309:
1428:
1057:
1226:
2160:
2616:
2412:
1804:
1771:
1534:
1505:
1452:
1346:, which they catch in the water or on land. Juveniles eat fewer fish, but also consume
1287:
1230:
675:
623:
540:
338:
17:
2203:
1882:
3147:
3035:
2837:
2697:
2439:
2340:
2325:
1570:
1459:
1386:
1258:
1214:
1049:
974:
890:
770:
741:
607:
566:
562:
483:
463:
459:
279:
159:
154:
81:
1561:
2962:
2543:
2528:
2463:
2454:
2143:
Campos, Z.; Sanaiotti, T.; Muniz, F.; Farias, I.; Magnusson, W.E. (December 2012).
1343:
1222:
944:
760:
752:
558:
2067:
Dutra-Araújo, Diogo; Marioni, Boris; de Fraga, Rafael; da
Silveira, Ronis (2017).
1855:
Muniz; Bittencourt; Farias & Campos (2015). "New records on the occurrence of
1078:
species can weigh up to 37 kg (82 lb). Cuvier's dwarf caiman has strong
751:
region of the jaw, where other species of caimans have five. The relationships of
2168:
3128:
2996:
2916:
2741:
2478:
2303:
1367:
1086:. The dermal scales providing this protection have a bony base and are known as
722:
598:
299:
56:
2068:
1975:
1928:
2791:
2553:
2272:
1915:(Cuvier, 1807), in the Amazon and habitats surrounding the Pantanal, Brazil".
1359:
780:
748:
747:
by the absence of an interorbital ridge and the presence of four teeth in the
744:
554:
455:
269:
101:
66:
2907:
2240:
2176:
2121:
2112:
2095:
1983:
2828:
2708:
2358:
1960:(Cuvier, 1807), in the Amazon and habitats surrounding the Pantanal, Brazil"
1347:
1315:
1246:
1087:
1083:
1069:
756:
582:
532:). It is sometimes kept in captivity as a pet and may be referred to as the
507:
203:
106:
50:
2129:
1813:
1688:
1609:
1543:
3076:
2230:
658:. In the pet trade, it is sometimes referred to as the wedge-head caiman.
2901:
2804:
2297:
2291:
2285:
1299:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1254:
1242:
1045:
1041:
594:
503:
499:
491:
475:
223:
96:
91:
76:
71:
61:
43:
1524:
732:, commonly known as the smooth-fronted or Schneider's dwarf caiman, and
2988:
2813:
2073:: Alligatoridae), with a new observation from central Amazonia, Brazil"
1794:
1407:
1363:
1351:
1335:
1291:
1266:
1238:
842:
586:
479:
467:
233:
111:
86:
3001:
1954:
Sanaiotti, Tânia; Magnusson, William; Campos, Zilca (1 January 2010).
2944:
2394:
1416:
1355:
1339:
1331:
1319:
1295:
1262:
1250:
590:
487:
471:
289:
213:
2878:
3123:
1780:
1510:
1463:
1395:
1372:
1109:
Scale arrangement is useful for identifying Cuvier's dwarf caiman.
1104:
1095:
718:
641:
539:
Cuvier's dwarf caiman was first described by the French zoologist
176:
170:
553:. Their closest relatives are the other caimans in the subfamily
1327:
1323:
1311:
1234:
603:
578:
574:
570:
495:
2975:
2882:
2788:
2525:
2322:
2244:
2190:
Infamous 'death roll' almost universal among crocodile species
1555:
1553:
1277:. The range of this species is rather larger than that of the
1354:, frogs, and snails, as well as land invertebrates, such as
1504:
Rio, Jonathan P.; Mannion, Philip D. (6 September 2021).
1358:. The prey is mostly swallowed whole and is ground up by
1294:
country, but it is absent from such habitats in the
543:
in 1807 and is one of only two species in the genus
2891:
2826:
2802:
2739:
2706:
2696:
2551:
2542:
2476:
2452:
2410:
2393:
2356:
2339:
1859:in the Branco River Basin, Roraima state, Brazil".
2094:Campos, Z.; Magnusson, W. E.; Soriano, B. (2022).
1891:Crocodilians: Natural History & Conservation
2044:: Dwarf caiman, Cuvier's smooth-fronted caiman"
1560:Magnusson, W.E.; Campos, Z.; Muniz, F. (2019).
2256:
1585:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T46587A3009946.en
1439:acting uncooperatively with the researchers.
1233:. The countries in which it is found include
1169:19–21 longitudinal and 10–12 transverse rows
1068:Cuvier's dwarf caiman is the smallest living
8:
1402:Cuvier's dwarf caiman is considered to be a
2727:Central African slender-snouted crocodile (
740:is distinguished from other caimans in the
2879:
2799:
2785:
2703:
2548:
2539:
2522:
2407:
2353:
2336:
2319:
2263:
2249:
2241:
2069:"Snakes as prey of Cuvier's Dwarf Caiman (
1682:
1680:
1678:
606:lists its conservation status as being of
347:
148:
129:
31:
2111:
1803:
1793:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1583:
1533:
1523:
1366:. In the Pantanal, Cuvier's dwarf caiman
1166:21–22 longitudinal rows and 16 transverse
2718:West African slender snouted crocodile (
1836:National Institute of Amazonian Research
1115:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1604:
1602:
1496:
374:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2025:
1876:
1874:
1861:Crocodile Specialist Group Newsletter
1850:
1848:
755:(living) caimans can be shown in the
593:as shelter during the day and in the
7:
1825:
1823:
759:below, based on molecular DNA-based
3154:IUCN Red List least concern species
1571:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
980:
862:
855:
848:
793:
786:
776:
766:
585:, and invertebrates, such as large
680:Crocodilus (Alligator) palpebrosus
526:(the latter name is also used for
25:
1717:"Cuviers dwarf caiman care sheet"
2862:
2229:
1633:Uetz, Peter; Hallermann, Jakob.
714:. No subspecies are recognised.
704:Caiman (Aromosuchus) palpebrosus
190:
1956:"Maximum size of dwarf caiman,
1225:, and the upper reaches of the
1098:are less prominent than in the
589:. This caiman sometimes uses a
2004:Ross, Charles A., ed. (1992).
1840:Federal University of Amazonas
1460:Red List of Threatened Species
1:
2572:Hall's New Guinea crocodile (
1199:Small scales disrupt 2–3 rows
3229:Taxa named by Georges Cuvier
2169:10.1080/00222933.2012.724723
2100:Brazilian Journal of Biology
1776:(Alligatoridae: Caimaninae)"
1687:Britton, Adam (2009-01-01).
1147:Usually 4 rows, sometimes 5
694:(Dumeril and Bibron, 1836),
536:by the pet trade community.
2008:. Blitz. pp. 62, 119.
736:, both from South America.
726:contains only two members,
563:alligator and caiman family
435:Gorzula & Senaris, 1999
3245:
3224:Reptiles described in 1807
2760:Osborn’s dwarf crocodile (
2149:Journal of Natural History
1976:10.1163/156853810791769392
1929:10.1163/156853810791769392
1006:Alligator mississippiensis
666:Cuvier's dwarf caiman was
577:, while adults eat larger
547:, the other species being
462:from northern and central
417:Duméril & Bibron, 1836
3184:Reptiles of French Guiana
2858:
2798:
2784:
2538:
2521:
2335:
2318:
2280:
2006:Crocodiles and Alligators
1379:Cologne Zoological Garden
1125:Schneider's dwarf caiman
1003:
985:
978:
939:
912:
885:
867:
860:
853:
846:
816:
798:
791:
784:
774:
367:
360:
355:
346:
328:
321:
187:Scientific classification
185:
168:
146:
137:
128:
34:
2680:West African crocodile (
2329:(Alligators and caimans)
2113:10.1590/1519-6984.266315
1697:Crocodilian species list
1209:Distribution and habitat
822:Schneider's dwarf caiman
2950:paleosuchus-palpebrosus
2937:Paleosuchus_palpebrosus
2923:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
2893:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
2729:Mecistops leptorhynchus
2497:Smooth-fronted caiman (
2488:Cuvier's dwarf caiman (
2236:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
2192:2019-04-18 ScienceDaily
2071:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
2042:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
1958:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
1913:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
1742:"Baby wedgehead caiman"
1691:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
1637:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
1564:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
1443:Status and conservation
801:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
712:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
708:Jacaretinga palpebrosus
451:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
431:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
422:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
377:Crocodilus palpebrosus
332:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
18:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
3164:Crocodilians of Brazil
2720:Mecistops cataphractus
2626:New Guinea crocodile (
2599:Philippine crocodile (
2590:Freshwater crocodile (
2431:Broad-snouted caiman (
1774:Paleosuchus trigonatus
1381:
1110:
819:Paleosuchus trigonatus
729:Paleosuchus trigonatus
672:Crocodylus palpebrosus
662:Discovery and taxonomy
629:meaning "ancient" and
426:King & Burke, 1989
3219:Fauna of the Pantanal
3209:Reptiles of Venezuela
3098:Paleobiology Database
2644:Saltwater crocodile (
2608:Morelet's crocodile (
2238:at Wikimedia Commons
1942:Cuvier's Dwarf Caiman
1376:
1306:Behaviour and ecology
1191:Usually 9 or 10 rows
1180:Usually 17–19 scales
1122:Cuvier's dwarf caiman
1108:
1100:smooth-fronted caiman
804:Cuvier's dwarf caiman
692:Alligator palpebrosus
684:Jacaretinga moschifer
670:by Cuvier in 1807 as
647:meaning "eyelid" and
524:smooth-fronted caiman
446:Cuvier's dwarf caiman
413:Alligator palpebrosus
386:Jacaretinga moschifer
35:Cuvier's dwarf caiman
3204:Reptiles of Suriname
3194:Reptiles of Paraguay
3174:Reptiles of Colombia
2563:American crocodile (
2368:American alligator (
2155:(47–48): 2979–2984.
2048:Animal Diversity Web
1830:Muniz, F.L. (2012),
1746:Underground Reptiles
1610:"Appendices | CITES"
1578:: e.T46587A3009946.
1188:Usually 9 or 10 rows
1177:Usually 19–21 scales
918:Broad-snouted caiman
640:is derived from the
622:is derived from the
3214:Fauna of the Amazon
3179:Reptiles of Ecuador
3169:Reptiles of Bolivia
2869:Reptiles portal
2671:Siamese crocodile (
2581:Orinoco crocodile (
2422:Spectacled caiman (
2377:Chinese alligator (
2370:A. mississippiensis
2161:2012JNatH..46.2979C
1525:10.7717/peerj.12094
1219:São Francisco River
1185:Tail – double crest
1174:Tail – single crest
742:alligator subfamily
602:population and the
404:Champsa palpebrosus
314:P. palpebrosus
140:Conservation status
3189:Reptiles of Guyana
2653:Borneo crocodile (
2635:Mugger crocodile (
1944:, The Animal Files
1795:10.7717/peerj.6580
1485:Smallest organisms
1382:
1119:Scutellation trait
1111:
1009:American alligator
988:Alligator sinensis
942:Melanosuchus niger
915:Caiman latirostris
706:(Gray, 1862), and
700:Caiman palpebrosus
698:(Natterer, 1841),
688:Champsa palpebrosa
550:P. trigonatus
27:Species of reptile
3139:
3138:
3085:Open Tree of Life
2885:Taxon identifiers
2876:
2875:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2780:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2751:Dwarf crocodile (
2692:
2691:
2662:Cuban crocodile (
2533:
2532:(True crocodiles)
2517:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2404:
2389:
2388:
2350:
2330:
2234:Media related to
2077:Herpetology Notes
2038:Choi, H. (2004).
1964:Amphibia-Reptilia
1917:Amphibia-Reptilia
1893:. Crocodilian.com
1721:Reptile forums UK
1377:Juveniles at the
1206:
1205:
1075:snout–vent length
1037:
1036:
1028:
1027:
1019:
1018:
991:Chinese alligator
964:
963:
955:
954:
928:
927:
901:
900:
873:Spectacled caiman
870:Caiman crocodilus
832:
831:
696:Champsa gibbiceps
569:, but also small
534:wedge-head caiman
466:. It is found in
443:
442:
436:
427:
418:
409:
400:
395:Champsa gibbiceps
391:
382:
180:
163:
16:(Redirected from
3236:
3199:Reptiles of Peru
3132:
3131:
3119:
3118:
3106:
3105:
3093:
3092:
3080:
3079:
3067:
3066:
3054:
3053:
3044:
3043:
3031:
3030:
3018:
3017:
3005:
3004:
2992:
2991:
2979:
2978:
2966:
2965:
2953:
2952:
2940:
2939:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2880:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2800:
2786:
2704:
2617:Nile crocodile (
2549:
2540:
2531:
2523:
2408:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2354:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2337:
2328:
2320:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2242:
2233:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2199:
2193:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2140:
2134:
2133:
2115:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2035:
2020:
2019:
2001:
1988:
1987:
1951:
1945:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1908:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1878:
1869:
1868:
1852:
1843:
1842:
1827:
1818:
1817:
1807:
1797:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1748:. Archived from
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1728:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1684:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1649:
1643:Reptile Database
1630:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1606:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1587:
1557:
1548:
1547:
1537:
1527:
1501:
1429:boa constrictors
1425:Eunectes murinus
1404:keystone species
1144:Usually 4–5 rows
1116:
981:
863:
856:
849:
794:
787:
777:
767:
717:At present, the
690:(Wagler, 1830),
682:(Merrem, 1820),
460:alligator family
434:
425:
416:
407:
398:
389:
380:
351:
334:
260:Archosauriformes
247:Archosauromorpha
195:
194:
174:
157:
152:
151:
133:
123:
53:
40:Late Pleistocene
38:Temporal range:
32:
21:
3244:
3243:
3239:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3135:
3127:
3122:
3114:
3109:
3101:
3096:
3088:
3083:
3075:
3072:Observation.org
3070:
3062:
3057:
3049:
3047:
3039:
3034:
3026:
3021:
3013:
3008:
3000:
2995:
2987:
2982:
2974:
2969:
2961:
2956:
2948:
2943:
2935:
2930:
2921:
2920:
2915:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2887:
2877:
2872:
2863:
2861:
2846:
2838:False gharial (
2822:
2794:
2768:
2735:
2700:
2688:
2628:C. novaeguineae
2534:
2505:
2472:
2448:
2440:Yacare caiman (
2400:
2399:
2397:
2385:
2346:
2345:
2343:
2331:
2314:
2310:Crocodylomorpha
2276:
2269:
2227:
2222:
2221:
2212:
2210:
2208:Crocodilian.com
2202:Britton, Adam.
2201:
2200:
2196:
2188:
2184:
2142:
2141:
2137:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2052:
2050:
2037:
2036:
2023:
2016:
2003:
2002:
1991:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1940:
1936:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1896:
1894:
1881:Britton, Adam.
1880:
1879:
1872:
1854:
1853:
1846:
1829:
1828:
1821:
1769:
1768:
1764:
1755:
1753:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1726:
1724:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1701:
1699:
1693:(Cuvier, 1807)"
1686:
1685:
1656:
1647:
1645:
1639:(Cuvier, 1807)"
1632:
1631:
1627:
1618:
1616:
1608:
1607:
1600:
1590:
1588:
1559:
1558:
1551:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1493:
1481:
1472:
1445:
1433:Boa constrictor
1421:green anacondas
1308:
1288:gallery forests
1211:
1130:Post occipitals
1066:
1058:species complex
1038:
1029:
1020:
965:
956:
929:
902:
833:
668:first described
664:
618:The genus name
616:
561:species in the
520:Cuvier's caiman
439:
433:
424:
415:
406:
397:
388:
379:
373:
372:
356:Range in black
342:
336:
330:
317:
189:
181:
164:
153:
149:
142:
124:
122:
121:
120:
119:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
48:
47:
36:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3242:
3240:
3232:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3146:
3145:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3133:
3120:
3107:
3094:
3081:
3068:
3055:
3045:
3032:
3019:
3006:
2993:
2980:
2967:
2954:
2941:
2928:
2913:
2897:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2883:
2874:
2873:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2834:
2832:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2820:
2810:
2808:
2796:
2795:
2789:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2757:
2747:
2745:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2724:
2714:
2712:
2701:
2694:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2686:
2677:
2668:
2659:
2650:
2641:
2632:
2623:
2614:
2605:
2601:C. mindorensis
2596:
2587:
2583:C. intermedius
2578:
2569:
2559:
2557:
2546:
2536:
2535:
2526:
2519:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2503:
2494:
2490:P. palpebrosus
2484:
2482:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2464:Black caiman (
2460:
2458:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2437:
2433:C. latirostris
2428:
2418:
2416:
2405:
2391:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2374:
2364:
2362:
2351:
2333:
2332:
2323:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2306:
2300:
2294:
2288:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2260:
2253:
2245:
2226:
2225:External links
2223:
2220:
2219:
2204:"Captive care"
2194:
2182:
2135:
2086:
2059:
2021:
2014:
1989:
1970:(3): 439–442.
1946:
1934:
1923:(3): 439–442.
1903:
1870:
1844:
1819:
1762:
1733:
1708:
1654:
1625:
1598:
1549:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1480:
1477:
1471:
1468:
1444:
1441:
1307:
1304:
1231:Paraguay River
1210:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1196:Tail – lateral
1193:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1136:Usually 1 row
1134:
1133:Usually 2 rows
1131:
1127:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1065:
1062:
1035:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1002:
999:
998:
995:
994:
984:
979:
977:
971:
970:
967:
966:
962:
961:
958:
957:
953:
952:
949:
948:
938:
935:
934:
931:
930:
926:
925:
922:
921:
911:
908:
907:
904:
903:
899:
898:
895:
894:
884:
881:
880:
877:
876:
866:
861:
859:
854:
852:
847:
845:
839:
838:
835:
834:
830:
829:
826:
825:
815:
812:
811:
808:
807:
797:
792:
790:
785:
783:
775:
773:
765:
734:P. palpebrosus
702:(Gray, 1844),
686:(Spix, 1825),
663:
660:
615:
612:
541:Georges Cuvier
441:
440:
438:
437:
428:
419:
410:
401:
399:Natterer, 1841
392:
383:
381:(Cuvier, 1807)
370:
369:
368:
365:
364:
358:
357:
353:
352:
344:
343:
337:
326:
325:
319:
318:
311:
309:
305:
304:
297:
293:
292:
287:
283:
282:
277:
273:
272:
267:
263:
262:
257:
250:
249:
244:
237:
236:
231:
227:
226:
221:
217:
216:
211:
207:
206:
201:
197:
196:
183:
182:
169:
166:
165:
147:
144:
143:
138:
135:
134:
126:
125:
117:
116:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
54:
37:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3241:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3159:Alligatoridae
3157:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3142:
3130:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3112:
3108:
3104:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3073:
3069:
3065:
3060:
3056:
3052:
3046:
3042:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2933:
2929:
2924:
2918:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2881:
2871:
2870:
2857:
2843:
2841:
2840:T. schlegelii
2836:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2819:
2817:
2816:G. gangeticus
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2787:
2783:
2765:
2763:
2758:
2756:
2754:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2732:
2730:
2725:
2723:
2721:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2705:
2702:
2699:
2698:Osteolaeminae
2695:
2685:
2683:
2678:
2676:
2674:
2669:
2667:
2665:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2633:
2631:
2629:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2597:
2595:
2593:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2530:
2524:
2520:
2502:
2500:
2499:P. trigonatus
2495:
2493:
2491:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2469:
2467:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2451:
2445:
2443:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2424:C. crocodilus
2420:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2409:
2406:
2396:
2392:
2382:
2380:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2366:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2352:
2342:
2341:Alligatorinae
2338:
2334:
2327:
2326:Alligatoridae
2321:
2317:
2311:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2279:
2274:
2266:
2261:
2259:
2254:
2252:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2239:
2237:
2232:
2224:
2209:
2205:
2198:
2195:
2191:
2186:
2183:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2139:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2090:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2072:
2063:
2060:
2049:
2045:
2043:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2015:9781853910920
2011:
2007:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1959:
1950:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1935:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1907:
1904:
1892:
1888:
1886:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1851:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1815:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1782:
1777:
1775:
1766:
1763:
1752:on 2014-07-12
1751:
1747:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1698:
1694:
1692:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1644:
1640:
1638:
1629:
1626:
1615:
1611:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1586:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1565:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1500:
1497:
1490:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1427:), and large
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1397:
1392:
1388:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1344:invertebrates
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1259:French Guiana
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1215:Orinoco River
1208:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1107:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1050:Madeira River
1047:
1043:
1033:
1032:
1024:
1023:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1001:
1000:
997:
996:
993:
992:
989:
983:
982:
976:
975:Alligatorinae
973:
972:
969:
968:
960:
959:
951:
950:
947:
946:
943:
937:
936:
933:
932:
924:
923:
920:
919:
916:
910:
909:
906:
905:
897:
896:
893:
892:
891:Yacare caiman
889:
888:Caiman yacare
883:
882:
879:
878:
875:
874:
871:
865:
864:
858:
857:
851:
850:
844:
841:
840:
837:
836:
828:
827:
824:
823:
820:
814:
813:
810:
809:
806:
805:
802:
796:
795:
789:
788:
782:
779:
778:
772:
771:Alligatoridae
769:
768:
764:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
743:
739:
735:
731:
730:
725:
724:
720:
715:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
676:type locality
673:
669:
661:
659:
657:
656:P. trigonatus
652:
650:
646:
643:
639:
636:
635:specific name
632:
628:
625:
621:
613:
611:
609:
608:least concern
605:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
567:invertebrates
564:
560:
556:
552:
551:
546:
542:
537:
535:
531:
530:
529:P. trigonatus
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
484:French Guiana
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
464:South America
461:
457:
454:) is a small
453:
452:
447:
432:
429:
423:
420:
414:
411:
405:
402:
396:
393:
387:
384:
378:
375:
366:
363:
359:
354:
350:
345:
340:
335:
333:
327:
324:
323:Binomial name
320:
316:
315:
310:
307:
306:
303:
302:
298:
295:
294:
291:
288:
285:
284:
281:
280:Alligatoridae
278:
275:
274:
271:
268:
265:
264:
261:
258:
255:
252:
251:
248:
245:
242:
239:
238:
235:
232:
229:
228:
225:
222:
219:
218:
215:
212:
209:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
193:
188:
184:
178:
172:
167:
161:
156:
155:Least Concern
145:
141:
136:
132:
127:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
52:
45:
41:
33:
30:
19:
3141:
2892:
2860:
2839:
2827:
2815:
2803:
2761:
2753:O. tetraspis
2752:
2740:
2728:
2719:
2707:
2681:
2673:C. siamensis
2672:
2664:C. rhombifer
2663:
2654:
2645:
2637:C. palustris
2636:
2627:
2619:C. niloticus
2618:
2610:C. moreletii
2609:
2600:
2592:C. johnstoni
2591:
2582:
2573:
2564:
2552:
2544:Crocodylinae
2529:Crocodylidae
2498:
2489:
2487:
2477:
2465:
2455:Melanosuchus
2453:
2441:
2432:
2423:
2411:
2378:
2369:
2357:
2347:(Alligators)
2308:Superorder:
2302:(unranked):
2228:
2211:. Retrieved
2207:
2197:
2185:
2152:
2148:
2138:
2103:
2099:
2089:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2062:
2051:. Retrieved
2047:
2041:
2005:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1949:
1937:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1906:
1895:. Retrieved
1890:
1884:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1831:
1785:
1779:
1773:
1765:
1754:. Retrieved
1750:the original
1745:
1736:
1725:. Retrieved
1723:. 2009-09-28
1720:
1711:
1700:. Retrieved
1696:
1690:
1646:. Retrieved
1642:
1636:
1628:
1617:. Retrieved
1613:
1589:. Retrieved
1575:
1569:
1563:
1515:
1509:
1499:
1473:
1470:Captive care
1457:
1446:
1437:
1432:
1424:
1401:
1383:
1342:, and other
1309:
1284:
1227:Paraná River
1223:Amazon River
1212:
1112:
1092:
1067:
1039:
1005:
1004:
987:
986:
945:Black caiman
941:
940:
914:
913:
887:
886:
869:
868:
818:
817:
803:
800:
799:
761:phylogenetic
737:
733:
727:
721:
716:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
671:
665:
655:
653:
648:
644:
637:
630:
626:
619:
617:
548:
544:
538:
533:
528:
523:
519:
516:dwarf caiman
515:
512:musky caiman
511:
450:
449:
445:
444:
430:
421:
412:
408:Wagler, 1830
403:
394:
385:
376:
331:
329:
313:
312:
300:
253:
240:
29:
3116:palpebrosus
2997:iNaturalist
2917:Wikispecies
2742:Osteolaemus
2479:Paleosuchus
2379:A. sinensis
2304:Archosauria
2273:Crocodilian
2106:: e266315.
1885:Paleosuchus
1857:Paleosuchus
1591:19 November
1348:crustaceans
1064:Description
738:Paleosuchus
723:Paleosuchus
638:palpebrosus
620:Paleosuchus
545:Paleosuchus
456:crocodilian
301:Paleosuchus
286:Subfamily:
173:Appendix II
49:0.1–0
3148:Categories
2792:Gavialidae
2762:O. osborni
2655:C. raninus
2646:C. porosus
2554:Crocodylus
2395:Caimaninae
2213:2014-06-11
2083:: 169–170.
2053:2014-06-11
1897:2014-06-11
1867:(4): 8–11.
1756:2014-06-11
1727:2014-06-11
1702:2013-10-28
1648:2014-06-17
1619:2022-01-14
1518:: e12094.
1491:References
1391:incubation
1316:amphibians
1221:, and the
1088:osteoderms
1080:body armor
781:Caimaninae
749:premaxilla
745:Caimaninae
583:amphibians
555:Caimaninae
522:, and the
390:Spix, 1825
290:Caimaninae
270:Crocodilia
2829:Tomistoma
2814:Gharial (
2709:Mecistops
2682:C. suchus
2565:C. acutus
2442:C. yacare
2401:(Caimans)
2359:Alligator
2284:Kingdom:
2177:0022-2933
2122:1678-4375
1984:1568-5381
1788:: e6580.
1614:cites.org
1453:pet trade
1368:estivates
1279:sympatric
1247:Venezuela
1202:5–8 rows
1084:predation
1070:New World
1054:Rio Negro
763:studies:
757:cladogram
614:Etymology
599:aestivate
508:Venezuela
308:Species:
210:Kingdom:
204:Eukaryota
3124:Species+
3015:11073365
2902:Wikidata
2805:Gavialis
2574:C. halli
2466:M. niger
2298:Reptilia
2292:Chordata
2290:Phylum:
2286:Animalia
2130:36327400
1814:30931177
1544:34567843
1479:See also
1412:dominate
1410:, might
1408:piranhas
1352:tadpoles
1336:molluscs
1318:, small
1300:Pantanal
1298:and the
1275:Paraguay
1271:Trinidad
1255:Suriname
1243:Colombia
1229:and the
1163:Ventrals
1046:Pantanal
645:palpebra
595:Pantanal
587:molluscs
504:Trinidad
500:Suriname
492:Paraguay
476:Colombia
362:Synonyms
276:Family:
234:Reptilia
224:Chordata
220:Phylum:
214:Animalia
200:Domain:
160:IUCN 3.1
2989:2441396
2908:Q757363
2790:Family
2527:Family
2324:Family
2296:Class:
2275:species
2271:Extant
2157:Bibcode
1805:6433001
1535:8428266
1458:In its
1417:jaguars
1364:gizzard
1362:in the
1356:beetles
1340:insects
1320:mammals
1292:savanna
1267:Bolivia
1239:Ecuador
1152:Dorsals
1141:Nuchals
1052:basin;
1042:genetic
843:Jacarea
674:from a
631:soukhos
627:palaios
480:Ecuador
468:Bolivia
458:in the
296:Genus:
266:Order:
230:Class:
175: (
158: (
118:↓
3103:317103
3090:828655
3077:101958
3028:551814
3002:116538
2976:791224
2945:ARKive
2413:Caiman
2175:
2128:
2120:
2012:
1982:
1812:
1802:
1542:
1532:
1360:stones
1332:shrimp
1296:Llanos
1263:Brazil
1251:Guyana
1217:, the
1096:scutes
753:extant
591:burrow
559:extant
514:, the
488:Guyana
472:Brazil
341:, 1807
339:Cuvier
44:Recent
3064:84099
3048:NAS:
3041:46587
3010:IRMNG
2963:4C47J
1781:PeerJ
1511:PeerJ
1464:CITES
1396:mucus
1328:crabs
1324:birds
719:genus
642:Latin
624:Greek
575:frogs
254:Clade
241:Clade
177:CITES
171:CITES
3129:9856
3059:NCBI
3051:2871
3036:IUCN
3023:ITIS
2984:GBIF
2173:ISSN
2126:PMID
2118:ISSN
2010:ISBN
1980:ISSN
1810:PMID
1593:2021
1576:2019
1540:PMID
1387:eggs
1312:fish
1273:and
1235:Peru
649:osus
604:IUCN
597:may
579:fish
573:and
571:fish
506:and
496:Peru
371:List
57:PreꞒ
2971:EoL
2958:CoL
2932:ADW
2165:doi
2108:doi
1972:doi
1925:doi
1800:PMC
1790:doi
1580:doi
1530:PMC
1520:doi
1449:tan
1435:).
1290:in
3150::
3126::
3113::
3111:RD
3100::
3087::
3074::
3061::
3038::
3025::
3012::
2999::
2986::
2973::
2960::
2947::
2934::
2919::
2904::
2206:.
2171:.
2163:.
2153:46
2151:.
2147:.
2124:.
2116:.
2104:82
2102:.
2098:.
2081:10
2079:.
2075:.
2046:.
2024:^
1992:^
1978:.
1968:31
1966:.
1962:.
1921:31
1919:.
1889:.
1873:^
1865:34
1863:.
1847:^
1838:/
1834:,
1822:^
1808:.
1798:.
1784:.
1778:.
1744:.
1719:.
1695:.
1657:^
1641:.
1612:.
1601:^
1574:.
1568:.
1552:^
1538:.
1528:.
1514:.
1508:.
1466:.
1419:,
1350:,
1338:,
1334:,
1330:,
1326:,
1322:,
1314:,
1269:,
1265:,
1261:,
1257:,
1253:,
1249:,
1245:,
1241:,
1237:,
1090:.
1060:.
1048:;
1040:A
610:.
581:,
518:,
502:,
498:,
494:,
490:,
486:,
482:,
478:,
474:,
470:,
256::
243::
107:Pg
51:Ma
46:,
42:-
2842:)
2818:)
2764:)
2755:)
2731:)
2722:)
2684:)
2675:)
2666:)
2657:)
2648:)
2639:)
2630:)
2621:)
2612:)
2603:)
2594:)
2585:)
2576:)
2567:)
2501:)
2492:)
2468:)
2444:)
2435:)
2426:)
2381:)
2372:)
2264:e
2257:t
2250:v
2216:.
2179:.
2167::
2159::
2132:.
2110::
2056:.
2040:"
2018:.
1986:.
1974::
1931:.
1927::
1900:.
1887:"
1883:"
1816:.
1792::
1786:7
1759:.
1730:.
1705:.
1689:"
1651:.
1635:"
1622:.
1595:.
1582::
1566:"
1562:"
1546:.
1522::
1516:9
1431:(
1423:(
448:(
179:)
162:)
112:N
102:K
97:J
92:T
87:P
82:C
77:D
72:S
67:O
62:Ꞓ
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
