73:
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1182:, is located further north and is still in use as a village mosque. The mosque appears to have been built before the türbe, so Cemşid's role in their construction is unclear. Two other old mosques exist in this northern area: the Alacalı Mescit, which was built in either the 16th or early 17th century, and the Merkez Cami, or "central mosque", which was built in 1874.
60:
80:
856:. Looming above the town center to the north was the imposing castle rock. From this height, defenders would have had a commanding view of the entire Palu plain - from the town below, the low hills running through the middle of the plain would block your vision, but from the castle rock you could see over them to the far side of the plain.
841:
987:, 15,753 Armenians lived in the kaza on the eve of the First World War, with 38 churches, two monasteries and 26 schools. The town of Balu had a mixed population of Armenians, Turks, Kurds, Syriacs, and Greeks with about 6,000 inhabitants in 1830-1850 and 10,000 in 1914. Half of the population was Armenian.
302:
Its Greek name was
Romanopolis (Ρωμανούπολις). The name "Shebeteria", found in the Urartian inscription at the Palu citadel, may be Palu's ancient name. The Urartian city called "Palua" has also been identified with Palu. König and Burney also identified Palu with the "Uashtal" mentioned in Urartian
909:
During the middle ages, Palu was a flourishing market town with a mixed
Armenian and Syriac population. It was far enough from major conflict zones that agriculture and animal husbandry were able to continue unimpeded. Under Arab rule, Palu held strategic importance because it controlled a route to
1139:
The surviving masonry walls and towers all seem to date from the late middle ages. The
Urartian inscription of Menua is located on the north side of the outer enclosure, just below a cliff that goes all the way up to the top enclosure. Nearby are a series of rock-cut chambers which, according to
1135:
The fortress built on top of the castle rock consists of four walled enclosures, each one enclosing a distinct part of the mountain. The outer enclosure occupies the relatively gentle western slope of the castle rock. Above it is the main enclosure. Inside it, at the very highest point of the
1155:, is a simple structure with a long, low profile. The current structure is from the 15th or 16th century, replacing an earlier mosque built under the Artukids. There have since been significant changes to the Ulu Cami since then: for example, its
859:
Since
Urartian times, if not earlier, the castle rock at Eski Palu has been the site of a fortress. Most traces of the Urartian fortress have been wiped out by later occupation. One important remnant is an inscribed
1308:
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still exists, although the wooden gallery has decayed and partly broken down. The aptly-named Küçük Cami, or "small mosque", is a 10x10 m square with thick walls. Its dome has since collapsed.
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2133:
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319:, at the lower end of a treeless plain bisected by a low line of hills. The Palu plain has fertile soil and is today covered in farmland. To the northeast is the stony
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The story of Palu begins at the old site now called Eski Palu, just east of the modern town. This site was inhabited continuously for over 2,500 years, from ancient
2099:
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The citadel at Palu was abandoned sometime in the 17th century, although the town continued. The old site of Eski Palu was eventually abandoned either during the
2148:
104:
1174:, or bathhouse, dates from 1659/60 and is well-preserved. From west to east, it had a large changing room, a cold room, and then a hot room. The mosque and
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852:
times until the early 20th century, when the town was relocated to the modern site. Palu's old town was built on a promontory above a U-shaped bend in the
2118:
1580:
303:
sources, but according to R.D. Barnett this is unlikely. James Howard-Johnston identifies Palu with the "Palios" mentioned by the 7th-century geographer
879:-speaking minority. Three rock-cut tombs on the northwest side of the citadel suggest the presence of a rich upper class here. There were important
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citadel, is the top enclosure. A fourth enclosure fortifies long rocky outcropping that juts out from the castle rock's west side.
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898:, or Balahovit. This consisted of the Palu plain and was a rich and fertile, if small, district. The neighboring district of
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286:). Its population is 9,602 (2021). Inhabited since ancient times, Palu was the capital of the classical Armenian region of
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72:
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1908:
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Ancient Palu's population was likely culturally
Urartian instead of just Urartian-ruled; there may have also been an
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1148:. A large Christian church is located on the east side of the main enclosure; it was built in the early 1800s.
868:'s conquest of a region called Shebeteria - possibly an ancient name for Palu. Menua established a temple to
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294:. In the early 20th century, Palu was relocated from its old location to the current site.
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Serdar
Karabulut, eyeyh Ali Sebiti al-Palevi, Gold Pen Publications, mitzmit, 2014, p.33
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2018:
1963:
1563:"Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria"
204:
17:
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was built in 1660/61, and an outer courtyard was added in the early 20th century. The
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had 100,000 inhabitants: 60–70% Armenians, the rest Kurds and Turks. According to the
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1818:
1056:
992:
610:
279:
163:
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1943:
50:
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1266:, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 18 December 2022.
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1878:
1385:. In Boardman, John; Edwards, I.E.S.; Hammond, N.G.L.; Sollberger, E. (eds.).
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200:
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The emergence of
Kurdish nationalism and the Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880-1925
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119:
106:
1665:
The Making of Modern Turkey: Nation and State in
Eastern Anatolia, 1913-1950
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195:
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880:
853:
316:
1581:"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Palu"
1531:
Eastern Turkey: An
Architectural & Archaeological Survey, Volume III
933:
fortress in the late 15th century, which was captured by Hüseyin Bey, a
840:
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or shortly thereafter, and the town was relocated to its present site.
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911:
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may have been a strategic objective in the conflict between Urartu and
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59:
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deposits in the Palu region, which together with copper deposits near
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In classical times, Palu was the capital of the
Armenian district of
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The city was briefly captured on 21 February 1925 by the forces of
926:, it was one of the main towns in the eastern part of the emirate.
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28:
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945:, which existed from 1495 to 1845. The town had a significant
240:
1389:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 314–71.
1278:"Elazığ Palu Seçim Sonuçları – Palu Yerel Seçim Sonuçları"
1651:
The Kurds: An Encyclopedia of Life, Culture, and Society
1178:
of Cemşid Bey, said to have been a cavalry officer under
2073:
1343:
The Socio-Economic Organisation of the Urartian Kingdom
1387:
The Cambridge Ancient History, Second Edition, Vol. 3
1225:"Population Of Municipalities, Villages And Quarters"
906:, was probably politically subordinate to Balahovit.
1846:
1825:
1420:
East Rome, Sasanian Persia and the End of Antiquity
235:
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1583:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
343:), with very hot, dry summers, and cold winters.
1719:1927 NÜFUS SAYIMI SONUÇLARINA GÖRE ELAZIĞ NÜFUSU
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1607:"Three Urartian Rock-Cut Tombs from Palu"
315:Palu is located on the north side of the
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1667:. Oxford University Press. p. 81.
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985:Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
282:. The current mayor is Efrayim Ünalan (
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2134:Kurdish settlements in Elazığ Province
1309:"Kaza Balu – Բալու / Balahovit / Palu"
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1140:local tradition, were the place where
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1253:(in Kurdish and Turkish). p. 56.
290:and then, much later, of the Kurdish
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7:
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1251:Kürtçe Anamnez, Anamneza bi Kurmancî
2124:Populated places in Elazığ Province
271:
2072:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
1758:. pp. 232–235. Archived from
350:Climate data for Palu (1991–2020)
25:
2119:District municipalities in Turkey
1749:"Who's who in Politics in Turkey"
914:. Later, Palu formed part of the
2052:
1812:
333:hot-summer Mediterranean climate
78:
71:
58:
2149:Elazığ Province geography stubs
1417:Howard-Johnston, James (2006).
36:Municipality in Elazığ, Turkey
1:
1695:. University of Texas Press.
1346:. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill.
864:describing the Urartian king
278:of Turkey. It is the seat of
1276:Şafak, Yeni (11 June 2019).
79:
683:Average precipitation days
539:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
399:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
2165:
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1623:10.1179/tav.1994.1994.1.58
1082:Unknown or other religion
1028:Unknown or other language
872:at Shebeteria afterwards.
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1691:Olson, Robert W. (1989).
1663:Üngör, Uğur Ümit (2012).
1313:Virtual Genocide Memorial
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1249:Avcıkıran, Adem (2009).
929:Palu was the site of an
1567:Nature: Scientific Data
1528:Sinclair, T.A. (1989).
18:Palu (District), Elazığ
1756:Heinrich Böll Stiftung
1381:Barnett, R.D. (1982).
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1153:congregational mosque
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949:population until the
941:. He established the
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120:38.70389°N 39.95111°E
1731:"Katherine Magarian"
1605:Sevin, Veli (1994).
1111:Remains at Eski Palu
939:Principality of Eğil
27:For other uses, see
1765:on 15 November 2019
1340:Çifçi, Ali (2017).
1197:Selahattin Demirtaş
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1192:Katherine Magarian
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844:Palu's old citadel
175: • Mayor
125:38.70389; 39.95111
92:Location in Turkey
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2080:
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1702:978-0-292-77619-7
1353:978-90-04-34759-5
1151:The Ulu Cami, or
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101:Coordinates:
74:
61:
52:
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40:
34:
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19:
2074:expanding it
2059:
2044:
1837:
1767:. Retrieved
1760:the original
1755:
1743:
1734:
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1617:(1): 58–67.
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1419:
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1342:
1318:18 September
1316:. Retrieved
1312:
1286:. Retrieved
1284:(in Turkish)
1281:
1271:
1259:
1250:
1244:
1232:. Retrieved
1169:
1150:
1138:
1134:
1123:at Eski Palu
978:
975:Demographics
962:
955:
928:
908:
893:
874:
858:
847:
613:mm (inches)
340:
330:
314:
301:
255:
254:
51:Municipality
33:
1939:Gümüşkaynak
1934:Gümeçbağlar
1423:. Ashgate.
1234:18 December
1202:Sheikh Said
967:during his
965:Sheikh Said
918:emirate of
902:, based at
331:Palu has a
213:Postal code
123: /
2113:Categories
2034:Yeşilbayır
1994:Küçükçaltı
1979:Keklikdere
1954:Karasalkım
1914:Damlapınar
1909:Büyükçaltı
1864:Altınölçek
1587:17 January
1541:0907132340
1288:6 November
1282:Yeni Şafak
1208:References
1170:The large
1055:Religion,
1019:Circassian
896:Balabitene
685:(≥ 1.0 mm)
288:Balabitene
187:Population
170:Government
111:39°57′04″E
108:38°42′14″N
2029:Yarımtepe
1984:Kırkbulak
1969:Kayahisar
1949:Karacabağ
1904:Burgudere
1899:Bölükelma
1628:22 August
1402:22 August
1359:22 August
1103:Monuments
1073:Christian
969:rebellion
953:in 1915.
931:Akkoyunlu
900:Paghnatun
321:Karakoçan
311:Geography
196:Time zone
2019:Umutkaya
1894:Bozçanak
1889:Beydoğan
1847:Villages
1611:Tel Aviv
1383:"Urartu"
1024:Armenian
947:Armenian
935:Mirdâsîd
881:iron ore
854:Murat Su
850:Urartian
825:Source:
820:2,568.9
730:Average
678:(20.44)
609:Average
317:Murat Su
260:Armenian
159:District
147:Province
2014:Tarhana
2009:Seydili
1999:Örencik
1989:Köklüce
1974:Kayaönü
1959:Karataş
1929:Güllüce
1924:Gökdere
1919:Gemtepe
1884:Baltaşı
1874:Arındık
1869:Andılar
1859:Akyürek
1854:Akbulut
1769:7 April
1547:29 July
1436:25 July
1180:Selim I
1157:minaret
1014:Kurdish
1004:Turkish
916:Artukid
912:Erzurum
889:Assyria
877:Aramaic
836:History
673:(2.24)
668:(2.04)
663:(2.04)
658:(0.33)
653:(0.11)
648:(0.10)
643:(0.55)
638:(2.24)
633:(3.05)
628:(2.92)
623:(2.35)
618:(2.47)
604:(46.0)
599:(30.6)
594:(37.2)
589:(48.9)
584:(57.4)
579:(65.7)
574:(65.8)
569:(58.8)
564:(51.6)
559:(44.6)
554:(36.1)
549:(27.9)
544:(26.4)
534:(57.4)
529:(36.5)
524:(45.9)
519:(60.6)
514:(72.5)
509:(81.9)
504:(82.0)
499:(74.5)
494:(64.2)
489:(55.4)
484:(45.5)
479:(35.4)
474:(32.7)
464:(69.8)
459:(44.2)
454:(57.0)
449:(74.7)
444:(88.9)
439:(98.4)
434:(98.1)
429:(89.8)
424:(77.7)
419:(67.3)
414:(56.1)
409:(44.4)
404:(40.6)
327:Climate
323:plain.
268:Kurdish
236:Website
225:Climate
136:Country
2066:Turkey
2004:Örgülü
1944:Hasbey
1833:Beyhan
1699:
1671:
1538:
1427:
1393:
1350:
1172:hammam
1165:minbar
1161:mihrab
1121:hammam
1087:34,822
1078:Jewish
1068:Muslim
1039:26,008
1009:Arabic
920:Harput
885:Ergani
814:145.3
811:218.9
808:291.3
805:342.2
802:336.0
799:308.7
796:265.2
793:207.1
790:163.3
787:120.7
676:519.19
355:Month
337:Köppen
152:Elazığ
140:Turkey
2068:is a
1964:Kasıl
1763:(PDF)
1752:(PDF)
1176:türbe
1033:8,816
904:Bağın
870:Ḫaldi
866:Menua
862:stele
817:81.1
784:96.1
773:51.5
770:71.8
767:66.0
764:52.0
761:36.3
758:30.8
755:30.5
752:36.8
749:50.6
746:54.1
743:56.6
740:64.0
737:68.3
725:68.6
671:56.85
666:51.92
661:51.84
641:13.89
636:56.92
631:77.54
626:74.18
616:62.74
394:Year
298:Names
264:Բալու
243:.palu
218:23500
201:UTC+3
190:9,602
2070:stub
1879:Atik
1838:Palu
1771:2021
1697:ISBN
1669:ISBN
1630:2022
1589:2024
1549:2022
1536:ISBN
1438:2022
1425:ISBN
1404:2022
1391:ISBN
1361:2022
1348:ISBN
1320:2023
1290:2019
1236:2022
1229:TÜİK
981:kaza
924:Kiğı
827:NOAA
734:(%)
722:7.9
719:6.3
716:5.7
713:2.1
710:2.1
707:1.5
704:2.7
701:7.4
698:8.9
695:8.8
692:7.9
689:7.3
651:2.79
646:2.52
621:59.7
597:−0.8
582:14.1
577:18.7
572:18.8
567:14.9
562:10.9
547:−2.3
542:−3.1
532:14.1
517:15.9
512:22.5
507:27.7
502:27.8
497:23.6
492:17.9
487:13.0
462:21.0
452:13.9
447:23.7
442:31.6
437:36.9
432:36.7
427:32.1
422:25.4
417:19.6
412:13.4
391:Dec
388:Nov
385:Oct
382:Sep
379:Aug
376:Jul
373:Jun
370:May
367:Apr
364:Mar
361:Feb
358:Jan
272:Palo
256:Palu
245:.bel
164:Palu
86:Palu
43:Palu
29:Palu
1619:doi
1090:184
1045:174
656:8.3
602:7.8
592:2.9
587:9.4
557:7.0
552:2.3
527:2.5
522:7.7
482:7.5
477:1.9
472:0.4
457:6.8
407:6.9
402:4.8
341:Csa
284:AKP
247:.tr
241:www
230:Csa
205:TRT
180:AKP
2115::
2064:,
1754:.
1733:.
1711:^
1683:^
1615:21
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339::
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1093:–
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1036:2
335:(
258:(
207:)
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31:.
20:)
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