1331:
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925:. Artisans collect the leaves from plants in the wild, cutting only mature leaves so that the plant will naturally regenerate. The leaves are sliced into fine strips and sorted for further processing. Weavers produce basic pandan mats of standard size or roll the leaves into pandan ropes for other designs. This is followed by a coloring process, in which pandan mats are placed in drums with water-based colors. After drying, the colored mats are shaped into final products, such as placemats or jewelry boxes. Final color touch-ups may be applied. The species in
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pre-Christian taboo system. Christianity took hold on
Satawal during the decades after World War II, and the Islanders then used canvas. When I and Gary Mount, as Peace Corps volunteers, demonstrated the obvious superiority of dacron over the canvas with only a 4-inch square sample, the men agreed to purchase sails for the canoes of the island. As word of the superiority of dacron spread, the people of
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on atolls. They grow wild mainly in semi-natural vegetation in littoral habitats throughout the tropical and subtropical
Pacific, where they can withstand drought, strong winds, and salt spray. They propagate readily from seed, but popular cultivars are also widely propagated from branch cuttings by
977:
of Asia." Fresh leaves are typically torn into strips, tied in a knot to facilitate removal, placed in the cooking liquid, then removed at the end of cooking. Dried leaves and bottled extract may be bought in some places. Finely sliced pandan leaves are used as fragrant confetti for Malay weddings,
562:
feet) tall, to medium-sized trees 20 m (66 ft) tall, typically with a broad canopy, heavy fruit, and moderate growth rate. The trunk is stout, wide-branching, and ringed with many leaf scars. Mature plants can have branches. Depending on the species, the trunk can be smooth, rough, or
3531:
sails sewn by the men themselves. Most
Carolinian canoes had used canvas acquired during the Japanese presence in the islands. The people of Satawal, however, were reluctant to switch from the cumbersome pandanus-mat sails, probably because canoes and voyaging were included in the elaborate
816:
Species growing on exposed coastal headlands and along beaches have thick 'stilt roots' as anchors in the loose sand. Those stilt roots emerge from the stem, usually close to but above the ground, which helps to keep the plants upright and secure them to the ground.
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563:
warty. The roots form a pyramidal tract to hold the trunk. They commonly have many thick stilt roots near the base, which provide support as the tree grows top-heavy with leaves, fruit, and branches. These roots are
2390:
Outlines of the
Geography of Plants: With Particular Enquiries Concerning the Native Country, the Culture, and the Uses of the Principal Cultivated Plants on which the Prosperity of Nations is Based, Volumen
820:
While pandanus are distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical islands and coastlines of the
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, they are most numerous on the low islands and barren atolls of
3450:
1106:, pandan leaves are used heavily in both vegetable and meat dishes and are often grown in homes. It is common practice to add a few pieces of pandan leaf when cooking red or white rice as well.
808:
These plants grow from sea level to an altitude of 3,300 m (10,800 ft). Pandanus trees are of cultural, health, and economic importance in the
Pacific, second only to the
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and often branched. The top of the plant has one or more crowns of strap-shaped leaves that may be spiny, varying between species from 30 centimetres (12 inches) to 2 m (
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is used in religious worship, and the leaves are used to make hair ornaments worn for their fragrance as well as decorative purpose in western India.
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1229:. The ripe fruit can be eaten raw or cooked, while partly ripe fruit should be cooked first. Small-fruited pandanus may be bitter and astringent.
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to various dishes and to complement flavors like chocolate. Because of their similarity in usage, pandan leaves are sometimes referred to as the "
836:
The tree is grown and propagated from shoots that form spontaneously in the axils of lower leaves. Pandanus fruits are eaten by animals including
3334:. Pacific Linguistics. Canberra: Department of Linguistics Research School of Pacific Studies THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY. pp. 1–6.
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852:, but the vast majority of species are dispersed primarily by water. Its fruit can float and spread to other islands without help from humans.
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646:. Typically, the fruit changes from green to bright orange or red as it matures. The fruits can stay on the tree for more than 12 months.
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2020:
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2592:"A Fossil Syncarpous Fruit from Australia Provides Support for a Gondwanan History for the Screw Pines (Pandanus, Pandanaceae)"
642:, a globule structure, 10–20 cm (4–8 in) in diameter and have many prism-like sections, resembling the fruit of the
3764:
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2764:"Revision of the Genus Pandanus Stickman, Part 5 Pandanus of the Maldive Islands and the Seychelles Islands, Indian Ocean"
302:
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1316:, natives make woven fish traps from the hard interior root of the pandanus, made like a cage having a narrow entrance.
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rice). The basis for this use is that both basmati and pandan leaf contains the same aromatic flavoring ingredient,
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2194:
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2819:; Francisco Navarro Villoslada; Manuel de Assas y de Ereńo; José Muńos Maldonado; Eduardo Gasset y Artime (1852).
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Los árboles y arbustos de la Península Ibérica e Islas
Baleares: especies silvestres y las principales cultivadas
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415:
154:
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860:
Pandanus has multiple uses, which is dependent in part on each type and location. Some pandanus are a source of
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1682:
1626:
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323:
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1202:) is an extract distilled from the pandan flower, used to flavor drinks and desserts in Indian cuisine. Also,
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Often called pandanus palms, these plants are not closely related to palm trees. The genus is named after the
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Martelli): Physicochemical
Properties, Total Phenols, Total Carotene, Vitamin E and Antioxidant Activity"
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Rozefelds, Andrew C.; Rudall, Paula J.; Herne, Matt C.; Milroy, Anita K.; Bridgeman, Joe (2022-05-01).
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all referring to plants of similar characteristics and/or uses whether in the same genus (particularly
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630:. The female tree produces flowers with round fruits that are also bract-surrounded. The individual
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3325:"The 'Pandanus Languages' of the Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea - a further report"
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2665:"pandanus - definition of pandanus by the Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus and Encyclopedia"
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1266:, almost every part of the plant is used, with various species different from those used in
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Species with large and medium fruit are edible, notably the many cultivated forms of
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292:
205:
89:
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1143:, pandan leaves are commonly paired with coconut meat (a combination referred to as
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4134:
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3256:
Taim hangre: variation in subsistence food supply in the Papua New Guinea highlands
1964:
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Pandanus simplex fruit eaten by
Varanus olivaceus, Polillo Island, Philippines.
3288:
Franklin, Karl J. (September 1972). "A Ritual
Pandanus Language of New Guinea".
1980:
1908:
1288:
1240:
1149:
1140:
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864:, while others provide raw material for clothing, basket weaving and shelter.
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3707:
Article by Shannon Wianecki describing Hawaiian cultural uses for pandanus.
2664:
1367:
1183:
1118:
1103:
1091:
In India, particularly in Nicobar Islands, pandanus fruit is staple food of
821:
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643:
602:
produced on different plants. The flowers of the male tree are 2–3 cm (
595:
497:
493:
114:
58:
48:
4508:
3239:
2148: – Type of outrigger canoe from the Caroline Islands – vessels of the
540:
17:
3724:
2543:. Vol. II. Cornell Southeast Asia Program Publications. p. 927.
1174:, made with ordinary rice (as opposed to that made with the premium-grade
944:
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are known. Entire households will move, and in some areas will speak a
4381:
4211:
3959:
3944:
3939:
3553:
3545:
3524:
3453:[Ethnobotany Types of Pandanaceae as Foodstuffs in Indonesia].
3339:
2324:
2266:
1928:
1578:
1305:
1279:
1263:
1175:
1167:
1155:
974:
938:
876:
809:
489:
485:
119:
94:
3451:"Etnobotani Jenis-Jenis Pandanaceae Sebagai Bahan Pangan di Indonesia"
1186:, pandan leaves are a major ingredient used in the country's cuisine.
4407:
4201:
4047:
4003:
3949:
3934:
3924:
3909:
3541:
3533:
3528:
2510:
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Fay, Michael F.; Chase, Mark W. (2017).
1256:
1232:
833:
Other species are adapted to mountain habitats and riverine forests.
599:
52:
4222:
3056:
500:
tropics and subtropics. The greatest number of species are found in
2713:"The mangrove vegetation of the Atlantic Coast of Africa: a review"
2607:
2513:
Plants of the World: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Vascular Plants
1109:
In Southeast Asia, pandan leaves are mainly used in sweets such as
4329:
4087:
3969:
3901:
3795:
3790:
3549:
3537:
2738:"Drift Seeds And Drift Fruits: Seeds That Ride The Ocean Currents"
1341:
1329:
1190:
1171:
1130:
998:
980:
970:
943:
894:
866:
669:
the genus's most commonly known species. The name is derived from
635:
631:
627:
539:
481:
166:
4420:
3694:
Northernmost pandanus in the world, in the Azores Islands, photo
2815:
Ramón de Mesonero Romanos; Gervasio Gironella; Vicente Castelló;
3231:
1293:
1126:
861:
845:
4226:
3746:
3214:
Roots of the Earth: Crops in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea
2478:
2476:
841:
837:
548:
The species vary in size from small shrubs less than 1 metre (
3665:
Pandanus species of the Wet Tropics of Queensland, Australia
3332:
Culture change, language change - case studies from Melanesia
2447:
Reginald Edward Vaughan & P. O. Wiehe (1953). "The genus
3556:
have equipped at least one canoe on each island with dacron.
2215:
Wagner, Warren L.; Herbst, Derral R.; Sohmer, S. H. (1990).
3657:
Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1990).
3386:
Zebua, Lisye Iriana; Purnamasari, Vita (26 January 2018).
626: in) long and fragrant, surrounded by narrow, white
2917:"How to Cook With Pandan, the Vanilla of Southeast Asia"
3742:
2943:"Discover Pandan Leaves, The Vanilla Of Southeast Asia"
2866:
Benjamin C. Stone (1992). "The New Guinea species of
2300:
Stickman, part 29. New Papuan species in the section
796:
fruit found in Queensland, Australia, dating to the
4235:
4165:
4078:
3900:
3780:
2571:. The Evolution of Plant Names. Benton Family Trust
2247:David C. Hyndman (1984). "Ethnobotany of Wopkaimin
3570:The men of the big rock | SLICE | Full documentary
3079:"The Use of Pandanus Fruit As Food in Micronesia"
2999:"The less known Shompens of Great Nicobar Island"
3616:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T199828A183186217.en
2454:Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany
3513:"A Renaissance in Carolinian-Marianas Voyaging"
3216:. Manchester, UK: Manchester university Press.
3168:Lim, Tong Kwee (2012). "Pandanus julianettii".
1255:at harvest time. The taste is like coconut or
2686:"Microsoft Word - 5-Seychelles formaté_RM.doc"
2251:significant Papua New Guinea plant resource".
2138:Domesticated plants and animals of Austronesia
591: in) up to 10 cm (4 in) broad.
3758:
638:, and these merge to varying degrees forming
8:
2516:. University of Chicago Press. p. 140.
3323:Franklin, Karl J.; Stefaniw, Roman (1992).
3207:
3205:
3172:. Vol. 4. Springer. pp. 128–130.
2442:
2440:
581: ft) or longer, and from 1.5 cm (
27:Genus of palm-like monocot trees and shrubs
4223:
3765:
3751:
3743:
2974:"Grocery Ninja: Pandan, the Asian Vanilla"
2786:
2784:
2732:
2730:
2540:Proto-Austronesian Phonology with Glossary
2152:which traditionally had pandanus mat sails
130:
38:
3659:Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaiʻi
3641:Germplasm Resources Information Network:
3614:
3410:
3170:Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants
3077:Miller, C.D.; Murai, M.; Pen, F. (1956).
3072:
3070:
2382:
2380:
2286:
2284:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2217:Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaiʻi
3112:The Complete Guide to Edible Wild Plants
2740:. Waynesword.palomar.edu. Archived from
2140: – Ancient expansion of agriculture
2845:Lecciones de historia natural: Botánica
2596:International Journal of Plant Sciences
2167:
907:basket woven from leaves of karagumoy (
282:
3449:Purwanto, Y.; Munawaroh, Esti (2010).
3163:
3161:
3143:
2387:Meyen, Franz Julius Ferdinand (1846).
2175:
2173:
2171:
1147:) in various desserts and drinks like
800:epoch around 32–28 million years ago.
2565:"Proto-Polynesian Etymologies: *Fara"
1357:several species previously placed in
1274:trees provide materials for housing;
1051:
7:
4457:9d4c0c61-c8df-46d9-af07-74492cf7b720
3412:10.24843/JBIOUNUD.2017.vol21.i02.p05
3253:Bourke, Richard Michael (May 1988).
3116:United States Department of the Army
3602:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
524:. They are classified in the order
3302:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1972.tb01197.x
3262:. Australian National University.
2842:D. Agustín Yañez y Girona (1845).
2467:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1953.tb00001.x
951:flavoured with pandan leaf extract
788:The oldest fossil of the genus is
684:*padran). It has many cognates in
25:
3518:Journal of the Polynesian Society
2791:López González, Ginés A. (2006).
2418:. Stumpman.com.au. Archived from
688:, underscoring its importance in
3723:
3705:"Hala: The Hawaiian Aphrodisiac"
2569:Te Mära Reo: The Language Garden
989:woman making a traditional mat (
153:
4496:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:31599-1
3713:Volume 15 Number. 1 (Jan 2011).
3581:/ April 2022, minutes 18:39–ff.
3057:"Cooking With Kurma - Glossary"
2848:. Impr. de Benito Espona y Blay
2769:. Scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu
2638:"Pandanus tectorius (pandanus)"
1027:(lit. "pandan leaf") or simply
767:) or otherwise (in the case of
496:trees and shrubs native to the
3738:Biological Analytics of Pandan
3674:photos and text by Dave Kimble
2219:. University of Hawaii Press.
1365:are now in the distinct genus
1286:(carrying bags), fine mats or
874:woven from pandan leaves on a
1:
3388:"Oil of Pandan Kelapa Hutan (
2493:Philippine Journal of Science
2364:"Pandanus Trees in Australia"
1282:including the manufacture of
1166:, the leaf is added whole to
921:Pandanus leaves are used for
3178:10.1007/978-94-007-4053-2_17
2822:Semanario pintoresco espańol
2817:Angel Fernández de los Ríos
2485:"The Philippine species of
2451:in the Mascarene Islands".
1008:Pandan leaves are known as
969:cuisines to add a distinct
937:are collected and used for
4571:
3523:As of 1973, all canoes on
2874:St. Johns (Pandanaceae)".
2195:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2190:Plants of the World Online
2156:Screw pine craft of Kerala
1323:
1125:, pandan is also added to
933:, and only the dry leaves
29:
3455:Berkala Penelitian Hayati
2483:Ugolino Martelli (1908).
275:
268:
254:
249:
150:Scientific classification
148:
138:
129:
41:
4190:Queensland macadamia nut
3680:Pandanus solms-laubachii
3330:. In Dutton, Tom (ed.).
2304:collected by C. E. Carr"
1835:Pandanus livingstonianus
1326:List of Pandanus species
993:) from pandan leaves in
488:with about 578 accepted
30:Not to be confused with
3710:Maui No Ka 'Oi Magazine
3609:: e.T199828A183186217.
3511:McCoy, Michael (1973).
3212:Stilltoe, Paul (1983).
2667:. Thefreedictionary.com
2537:Wolff, John U. (2018).
2296:"Revision of the genus
2107:Pandanus vandermeeschii
1936:Pandanus parvicentralis
1662:Pandanus glaucocephalus
1490:Pandanus christmatensis
1390:Pandanus amaryllifolius
958:Pandanus amaryllifolius
678:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
665:Pandanus amaryllifolius
598:, with male and female
3987:Johnstone River almond
3399:Jurnal Biologi Udayana
3150:: CS1 maint: others (
2024:– Australian screwpine
1887:Pandanus multispicatus
1514:Pandanus conglomeratus
1351:
1339:
1247:. Over 45 cultivated
1005:
952:
918:
892:
792:which is known from a
686:Austronesian languages
545:
492:. They are palm-like,
3915:Australian cashew nut
3390:Pandanus jiulianettii
2896:"West Papua - Mining"
1976:Pandanus rigidifolius
1823:Pandanus laxespicatus
1710:Pandanus heterocarpus
1610:Pandanus fanningensis
1502:Pandanus clandestinus
1462:Pandanus carmichaelii
1378:Pandanus aldabraensis
1345:
1333:
984:
955:Pandanus leaves from
947:
898:
870:
543:
3734:at Wikimedia Commons
3591:Allen, D.J. (2020).
3122:. 2009. p. 91.
2082:Pandanus tonkinensis
2046:Pandanus tenuifolius
2004:Pandanus spathulatus
1992:Pandanus sechellarum
1960:Pandanus pyramidalis
1855:Pandanus microcarpus
1770:Pandanus julianettii
1450:Pandanus candelabrum
1180:2-acetyl-1-pyrroline
1053:[bāj.tʰɤ̄ːj]
692:cultures, including
3993:Irvingia gabonensis
3567:SLICE documentary,
3120:Skyhorse Publishing
3035:About Filipino Food
2744:on 14 December 2014
2425:on 29 November 2014
2119:Pandanus verecundus
1948:Pandanus prostratus
1650:Pandanus gabonensis
1538:Pandanus decastigma
1478:Pandanus ceylanicus
1438:Pandanus boninensis
1407:Pandanus atrocarpus
1314:Vanuatu Archipelago
1239:) are an important
961:are used widely in
913:) in the hexagonal
4150:Single-leaf pinyon
3686:2016-02-18 at the
3678:Pneumatophores on
3670:2016-02-19 at the
3492:on 29 October 2018
3467:10.5072/FK2/Z6P0OQ
3340:10.15144/PL-C120.1
2947:Asian Inspirations
2715:. Epubs.scu.edu.au
2267:10.1007/BF02859007
2102:– common screwpine
2070:Pandanus thomensis
2041:– thatch screwpine
2029:Pandanus tectorius
1924:Pandanus palustris
1916:Pandanus obeliscus
1879:Pandanus monotheca
1698:Pandanus halleorum
1574:Pandanus drupaceus
1562:Pandanus decumbens
1550:Pandanus decipiens
1526:Pandanus conoideus
1414:Pandanus balfourii
1352:
1340:
1006:
953:
919:
893:
764:Pandanus tectorius
671:Proto-Austronesian
546:
544:Aerial, prop roots
4550:Pandanales genera
4532:
4531:
4465:Open Tree of Life
4229:Taxon identifiers
4220:
4219:
4118:Monkey-puzzle nut
3980:Shellbark hickory
3965:Mockernut hickory
3925:Borneo tallow nut
3728:Media related to
3595:Pandanus odorifer
3457:(in Indonesian).
3349:978-0-85883-411-8
3223:978-0-7190-0874-0
3187:978-94-007-4053-2
3129:978-1-60239-692-0
2550:978-1-5017-3599-8
2523:978-0-226-52292-0
2366:. Gondwananet.com
2126:
2114:
2101:
2089:
2077:
2065:
2053:
2040:
2023:
2016:Pandanus spiralis
2011:
1999:
1987:
1971:
1955:
1943:
1931:
1911:
1899:Pandanus odorifer
1894:
1874:
1867:Pandanus montanus
1862:
1843:- Tropical Africa
1842:
1830:
1818:
1802:
1790:
1777:
1765:
1749:
1738:Pandanus incertus
1733:
1717:
1705:
1678:Pandanus grayorum
1673:
1657:
1645:
1638:Pandanus furcatus
1633:
1622:Pandanus forsteri
1617:
1605:
1598:Pandanus eydouxia
1593:
1581:
1569:
1557:
1545:
1533:
1521:
1509:
1497:
1485:
1473:
1457:
1445:
1433:
1426:Pandanus barkleyi
1421:
1401:
1385:
1253:pandanus language
1216:P. tectorius
1170:, a kind of rice
1097:Nicobarese people
880:, an ocean-going
790:Pandanus estellae
473:
472:
245:
16:(Redirected from
4562:
4555:Medicinal plants
4525:
4524:
4512:
4511:
4499:
4498:
4486:
4485:
4473:
4472:
4460:
4459:
4450:
4449:
4437:
4436:
4424:
4423:
4411:
4410:
4398:
4397:
4385:
4384:
4372:
4371:
4359:
4358:
4346:
4345:
4333:
4332:
4320:
4319:
4307:
4306:
4294:
4293:
4281:
4280:
4271:
4270:
4269:
4256:
4255:
4254:
4224:
3975:Shagbark hickory
3877:Malabar chestnut
3767:
3760:
3753:
3744:
3727:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3623:
3618:
3588:
3582:
3571:
3565:
3559:
3558:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3497:
3491:
3485:. Archived from
3446:
3440:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3414:
3396:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3329:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3261:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3209:
3200:
3199:
3165:
3156:
3155:
3149:
3141:
3108:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3098:
3089:. Archived from
3074:
3065:
3064:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3044:
3042:
3027:
3021:
3020:
3018:
3017:
2995:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2969:
2963:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2953:on 29 April 2018
2949:. Archived from
2939:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2928:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2904:
2903:
2892:
2886:
2885:
2863:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2839:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2788:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2774:
2768:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2749:
2734:
2725:
2724:
2722:
2720:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2690:
2682:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2645:Agroforestry.net
2642:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2587:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2576:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2534:
2528:
2527:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2480:
2471:
2470:
2444:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2424:
2417:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2384:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2341:. Archived from
2339:"Types of Roots"
2335:
2329:
2328:
2308:
2288:
2279:
2278:
2244:
2231:
2230:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2177:
2150:Caroline Islands
2122:
2110:
2097:
2085:
2073:
2061:
2058:Pandanus teuszii
2049:
2032:
2019:
2007:
1995:
1979:
1963:
1951:
1939:
1927:
1902:
1890:
1870:
1858:
1838:
1826:
1810:
1798:
1786:
1773:
1757:
1741:
1725:
1713:
1701:
1693:
1665:
1653:
1641:
1625:
1613:
1601:
1589:
1577:
1565:
1553:
1541:
1529:
1517:
1505:
1493:
1481:
1465:
1453:
1441:
1429:
1417:
1393:
1381:
1348:Pandanus simplex
1320:Selected species
1221:P. pulposus
1055:
1050:
910:Pandanus simplex
903:, a traditional
625:
624:
620:
617:
611:
610:
606:
590:
589:
585:
580:
579:
575:
572:
561:
560:
556:
553:
466:
458:
450:
442:
434:
426:
418:
404:
394:
384:
376:
368:
360:
350:
342:
334:
326:
316:
305:
295:
241:
158:
157:
134:
124:
61:
47:Temporal range:
39:
21:
4570:
4569:
4565:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4560:
4559:
4535:
4534:
4533:
4528:
4520:
4515:
4507:
4502:
4494:
4489:
4481:
4476:
4468:
4463:
4455:
4453:
4445:
4440:
4432:
4427:
4419:
4414:
4406:
4401:
4393:
4388:
4380:
4375:
4367:
4362:
4354:
4349:
4341:
4336:
4328:
4323:
4315:
4310:
4302:
4297:
4289:
4284:
4276:
4274:
4265:
4264:
4259:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4231:
4221:
4216:
4161:
4135:Colorado pinyon
4074:
3896:
3776:
3771:
3720:
3688:Wayback Machine
3672:Wayback Machine
3637:
3635:Further reading
3632:
3631:
3621:
3619:
3590:
3589:
3585:
3569:
3566:
3562:
3510:
3509:
3505:
3495:
3493:
3489:
3448:
3447:
3443:
3433:
3431:
3394:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3370:
3368:
3350:
3327:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3287:
3286:
3282:
3272:
3270:
3259:
3252:
3251:
3247:
3224:
3211:
3210:
3203:
3188:
3167:
3166:
3159:
3142:
3130:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3096:
3094:
3083:Pacific Science
3076:
3075:
3068:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3040:
3038:
3029:
3028:
3024:
3015:
3013:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2982:
2980:
2972:Wan, Yan Ling.
2971:
2970:
2966:
2956:
2954:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2926:
2924:
2923:. 10 March 2017
2915:
2914:
2910:
2901:
2899:
2898:. Cs.utexas.edu
2894:
2893:
2889:
2865:
2864:
2860:
2851:
2849:
2841:
2840:
2836:
2827:
2825:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2800:
2798:
2790:
2789:
2782:
2772:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2747:
2745:
2736:
2735:
2728:
2718:
2716:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2697:
2695:
2688:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2670:
2668:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2649:
2647:
2640:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2574:
2572:
2563:
2562:
2558:
2551:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2524:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2482:
2481:
2474:
2446:
2445:
2438:
2428:
2426:
2422:
2415:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2397:
2395:
2386:
2385:
2378:
2369:
2367:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2348:
2346:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2312:Pacific Science
2306:
2292:Harold St. John
2290:
2289:
2282:
2254:Economic Botany
2246:
2245:
2234:
2227:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2199:
2197:
2179:
2178:
2169:
2164:
2134:
2129:
2094:Pandanus utilis
1882:Malay Peninsula
1807:Pandanus lacuum
1754:Pandanus joskei
1722:Pandanus iceryi
1681:
1586:Pandanus elatus
1336:Pandanus repens
1328:
1322:
1268:Southeast Asian
1133:dishes such as
1048:
1025:Dahon ng pandan
963:Southeast Asian
890:Solomon Islands
882:outrigger canoe
858:
806:
652:
622:
618:
615:
613:
608:
604:
603:
587:
583:
582:
577:
573:
570:
568:
558:
554:
551:
549:
538:
469:
464:
456:
448:
440:
432:
424:
410:
400:
390:
382:
374:
366:
356:
348:
340:
332:
322:
311:
301:
287:
281:
280:
240:
152:
142:Pandanus utilis
125:
123:
122:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
56:
55:
45:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4568:
4566:
4558:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4537:
4536:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4526:
4522:wfo-4000027868
4513:
4500:
4487:
4474:
4461:
4451:
4438:
4425:
4412:
4399:
4386:
4373:
4360:
4347:
4334:
4321:
4308:
4295:
4282:
4272:
4257:
4241:
4239:
4233:
4232:
4227:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4193:
4192:
4187:
4177:
4171:
4169:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4158:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4145:Mexican pinyon
4142:
4137:
4132:
4122:
4121:
4120:
4115:
4102:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4084:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4071:
4070:
4065:
4063:English walnut
4060:
4055:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4023:
4018:
4017:
4016:
4011:
4009:Planted karuka
4001:
3996:
3989:
3984:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3906:
3904:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3889:
3887:Red bopple nut
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3850:European hazel
3847:
3842:
3840:American hazel
3832:
3831:
3830:
3828:Sweet chestnut
3820:
3815:
3810:
3809:
3808:
3806:European beech
3803:
3801:American beech
3793:
3787:
3785:
3783:botanical nuts
3778:
3777:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3762:
3755:
3747:
3741:
3740:
3735:
3719:
3718:External links
3716:
3715:
3714:
3702:
3697:
3691:
3675:
3662:
3655:
3646:
3636:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3583:
3577:, The Isle of
3560:
3503:
3441:
3378:
3348:
3315:
3280:
3245:
3222:
3201:
3186:
3157:
3128:
3103:
3066:
3048:
3022:
3005:. 2015-10-31.
2990:
2964:
2934:
2908:
2887:
2858:
2834:
2807:
2797:. Mundi-Prensa
2780:
2755:
2726:
2704:
2677:
2656:
2629:
2608:10.1086/719431
2602:(4): 320–329.
2582:
2556:
2549:
2529:
2522:
2502:
2472:
2436:
2404:
2376:
2355:
2330:
2319:(4): 514–519.
2280:
2261:(3): 287–303.
2232:
2225:
2207:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2141:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2115:
2103:
2090:
2078:
2066:
2054:
2042:
2025:
2012:
2000:
1988:
1972:
1956:
1944:
1932:
1920:
1912:
1895:
1883:
1875:
1863:
1851:
1848:Pandanus leram
1844:
1831:
1819:
1803:
1795:Pandanus kajui
1791:
1783:Pandanus kaida
1779:
1766:
1750:
1734:
1718:
1706:
1694:
1674:
1658:
1646:
1634:
1618:
1606:
1594:
1582:
1570:
1558:
1546:
1534:
1522:
1510:
1498:
1486:
1474:
1458:
1446:
1434:
1422:
1410:
1403:
1386:
1373:
1324:Main article:
1321:
1318:
1310:religious uses
1237:P. julianettii
1226:P. utilis
1194:(also spelled
1164:Indian cooking
1093:Shompen people
872:Crab claw sail
857:
854:
813:local people.
805:
802:
676:(which became
651:
648:
640:multiple fruit
537:
534:
471:
470:
468:
467:
459:
451:
443:
435:
427:
419:
405:
395:
385:
377:
369:
361:
351:
343:
335:
327:
317:
306:
296:
278:
277:
276:
273:
272:
266:
265:
252:
251:
247:
246:
233:
229:
228:
223:
219:
218:
213:
209:
208:
203:
196:
195:
190:
183:
182:
177:
170:
169:
164:
160:
159:
146:
145:
136:
135:
127:
126:
118:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
62:
46:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4567:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4523:
4518:
4514:
4510:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4492:
4488:
4484:
4479:
4475:
4471:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4452:
4448:
4443:
4439:
4435:
4430:
4426:
4422:
4417:
4413:
4409:
4404:
4400:
4396:
4391:
4387:
4383:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4365:
4361:
4357:
4352:
4348:
4344:
4339:
4335:
4331:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4313:
4309:
4305:
4300:
4296:
4292:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4273:
4268:
4262:
4258:
4253:
4247:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4238:
4234:
4230:
4225:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4185:Macadamia nut
4183:
4182:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4172:
4170:
4168:
4164:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4130:Chilgoza pine
4128:
4127:
4126:
4123:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4094:
4093:Burrawang nut
4091:
4090:
4089:
4086:
4085:
4083:
4081:
4077:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4028:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3994:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3940:Chilean hazel
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3903:
3899:
3893:
3892:Yellow walnut
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3836:
3833:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3807:
3804:
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3690:- photo essay
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3093:on 2015-10-04
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3031:"Buko Pandan"
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2461:(356): 1–33.
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2394:. Ray Society
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2345:on 2005-09-06
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682:Proto-Oceanic
680:*pangdan and
679:
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180:Tracheophytes
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54:
50:
44:
40:
37:
33:
19:
4236:
4197:Paradise nut
4104:
4053:Black walnut
4027:Panda oleosa
4025:
3991:
3845:Beaked hazel
3730:
3708:
3679:
3658:
3650:
3642:
3620:. Retrieved
3606:
3600:
3594:
3586:
3563:
3522:
3516:
3506:
3494:. Retrieved
3487:the original
3458:
3454:
3444:
3432:. Retrieved
3405:(2): 71–77.
3402:
3398:
3389:
3381:
3369:. Retrieved
3331:
3318:
3296:(1): 66–76.
3293:
3289:
3283:
3273:27 September
3271:. Retrieved
3255:
3248:
3213:
3169:
3118:. New York:
3111:
3106:
3095:. Retrieved
3091:the original
3086:
3082:
3060:
3051:
3039:. Retrieved
3037:. 2016-11-30
3034:
3025:
3014:. Retrieved
3002:
2993:
2981:. Retrieved
2977:
2967:
2955:. Retrieved
2951:the original
2946:
2937:
2925:. Retrieved
2920:
2911:
2900:. Retrieved
2890:
2881:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2861:
2850:. Retrieved
2844:
2837:
2826:. Retrieved
2821:
2810:
2799:. Retrieved
2793:
2771:. Retrieved
2758:
2746:. Retrieved
2742:the original
2717:. Retrieved
2707:
2696:. Retrieved
2692:
2680:
2669:. Retrieved
2659:
2648:. Retrieved
2644:
2632:
2599:
2595:
2585:
2573:. Retrieved
2568:
2559:
2539:
2532:
2512:
2505:
2496:
2492:
2486:
2458:
2452:
2448:
2427:. Retrieved
2420:the original
2407:
2396:. Retrieved
2389:
2368:. Retrieved
2358:
2347:. Retrieved
2343:the original
2333:
2316:
2310:
2301:
2297:
2258:
2252:
2248:
2216:
2210:
2198:. Retrieved
2188:
2182:
2144:
2117:
2105:
2092:
2080:
2068:
2056:
2044:
2027:
2014:
2002:
1990:
1974:
1958:
1946:
1934:
1922:
1914:
1897:
1885:
1877:
1865:
1853:
1846:
1833:
1821:
1805:
1793:
1781:
1768:
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1203:
1199:
1195:
1189:
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1161:
1154:
1148:
1144:
1134:
1108:
1101:
1090:
1077:
1069:
1061:
1044:
1043:; as ใบเตย (
1036:
1028:
1024:
1009:
1007:
990:
978:graves etc.
956:
954:
934:
930:
920:
914:
908:
900:
875:
859:
835:
832:
830:
819:
815:
807:
789:
787:
781:
775:
771:
762:
758:
751:
744:
738:
731:
724:
717:
710:
703:
696:
690:Austronesian
663:
659:
653:
593:
565:adventitious
547:
521:
517:
513:
510:Common names
476:
475:
474:
461:
453:
445:
437:
429:
421:
407:
397:
387:
379:
371:
364:Heterostigma
363:
353:
345:
337:
329:
319:
308:
298:
284:
259:
255:
236:
235:
199:
186:
173:
140:
42:
36:
4403:iNaturalist
4261:Wikispecies
4207:Peanut tree
4167:Angiosperms
4140:Korean pine
4080:Gymnosperms
4014:Wild karuka
3860:Asian hazel
3622:12 November
3527:were using
2978:SeriousEats
2884:(1): 31–61.
2773:18 December
2748:18 December
2719:18 December
2499:(2): 59–72.
2429:18 December
2325:10125/12577
2302:Microstigma
1981:R.E.Vaughan
1743:R.E.Vaughan
1667:R.E.Vaughan
1467:R.E.Vaughan
1302:decorations
1262:Throughout
1241:staple food
1150:maja blanca
1145:buko pandan
1141:Philippines
1115:pandan cake
1111:coconut jam
1010:Daun pandan
967:South Asian
949:Pandan cake
929:are called
923:handicrafts
536:Description
530:Pandanaceae
380:Jeanneretia
315:ex Gaudich.
279:20 synonyms
226:Pandanaceae
193:Angiosperms
18:Pandan tree
4539:Categories
4175:Brazil nut
4155:Stone pine
4100:Ginkgo nut
3930:Breadfruit
3496:25 October
3461:: 97–108.
3434:20 October
3429:7347063503
3371:25 October
3097:2014-09-03
3016:2022-11-29
2902:2012-09-24
2852:2016-10-20
2828:2012-09-24
2801:2012-09-24
2698:2012-09-24
2671:2012-09-24
2650:2012-09-24
2575:15 January
2413:"Pandanus"
2398:2012-09-24
2370:2012-09-24
2349:2005-10-10
2185:Parkinson"
2162:References
1919:Madagascar
1363:Acrostigma
1298:medication
1284:dilly bags
1245:New Guinea
1136:nasi lemak
1070:pulao data
1066:Vietnamese
1049:pronounced
1014:Indonesian
915:kinab-anan
905:Philippine
826:Micronesia
794:silicified
526:Pandanales
522:screw pine
518:screw palm
502:Madagascar
438:Souleyetia
398:Marquartia
354:Hasskarlia
330:Dorystigma
289:J.R.Forst.
216:Pandanales
57:30–0
4338:FloraBase
4180:Macadamia
4113:Bunya nut
4106:Araucaria
4058:Butternut
4043:Pistachio
4033:Pekea nut
3955:Gabon nut
3920:Betel nut
3872:Kurrajong
3818:Candlenut
3781:True, or
3483:981032990
3475:2337-389X
3421:2599-2856
3366:260177442
3358:0078-7558
3310:883021898
3268:224338489
3196:822591349
3146:cite book
3138:277203364
3061:kurma.net
3011:0971-751X
3003:The Hindu
2624:247378720
2616:1058-5893
2087:B.C.Stone
2034:Parkinson
1816:B.C.Stone
1812:H.St.John
1703:B.C.Stone
1615:H.St.John
1543:B.C.Stone
1383:H.St.John
1368:Benstonea
1361:subgenus
1312:. In the
1270:cooking.
1249:varieties
1184:Sri Lanka
1139:. In the
1119:Indonesia
1104:Sri Lanka
1082:Sinhalese
1018:Malaysian
941:weaving.
935:(lauhala)
850:elephants
822:Polynesia
798:Oligocene
739:fandrana,
729:Manggarai
662:given to
644:pineapple
596:dioecious
594:They are
528:, family
498:Old World
494:dioecious
433:de Vriese
422:Roussinia
372:Hombronia
346:Foullioya
324:de Vriese
243:Parkinson
163:Kingdom:
139:Fruit of
49:Oligocene
4545:Pandanus
4509:40000418
4504:Tropicos
4267:Pandanus
4246:Wikidata
4237:Pandanus
4125:Pine nut
4068:Heartnut
4038:Pili nut
4021:Mongongo
3999:Jack nut
3882:Palm nut
3867:Kola nut
3835:Hazelnut
3823:Chestnut
3813:Breadnut
3731:Pandanus
3684:Archived
3668:Archived
3651:Pandanus
3649:Sorting
3643:Pandanus
3232:82-62247
3041:28 April
2983:28 April
2957:28 April
2927:28 April
2870:section
2868:Pandanus
2487:Pandanus
2449:Pandanus
2298:Pandanus
2294:(1968).
2275:32883085
2249:Pandanus
2183:Pandanus
2132:See also
2009:Martelli
1828:Martelli
1778:- karuka
1775:Martelli
1691:Gallaher
1631:F.Muell.
1555:Martelli
1495:Martelli
1455:P.Beauv.
1419:Martelli
1402:– pandan
1359:Pandanus
1296:, food,
1289:ʻie toga
1280:textiles
1276:clothing
1272:Pandanus
1123:Malaysia
1045:bai toei
1041:Mandarin
1033:Filipino
1003:Malaysia
995:Semporna
756:Hawaiian
749:Tahitian
736:Malagasy
722:Chamorro
674:*paŋudaN
650:Taxonomy
512:include
506:Malaysia
486:monocots
477:Pandanus
465:Gaudich.
462:Vinsonia
457:Gaudich.
449:Gaudich.
441:Gaudich.
425:Gaudich.
408:Pandanus
383:Gaudich.
375:Gaudich.
367:Gaudich.
349:Gaudich.
341:Gaudich.
338:Eydouxia
333:Gaudich.
309:Bryantia
303:Gaudich.
299:Barrotia
293:G.Forst.
270:Synonyms
260:Pandanus
258:List of
250:Species
237:Pandanus
222:Family:
206:Monocots
43:Pandanus
32:Pandalus
4421:31599-1
4382:5708186
4252:Q471914
4212:Soybean
3960:Hickory
3945:Coconut
3855:Filbert
3575:YouTube
3554:Puluwat
3546:Pulusuk
3525:Satawal
3290:Oceania
3240:9556314
2872:Maysops
2693:Fao.org
2200:18 June
2112:Balf.f.
2075:Henriq.
2051:Balf f.
1997:Balf.f.
1969:Balf.f.
1953:Balf.f.
1929:Thouars
1905:Forssk.
1892:Balf.f.
1860:Balf.f.
1800:Beentje
1763:Balf.f.
1731:Balf.f.
1715:Balf.f.
1627:C.Moore
1603:Balf.f.
1579:Thouars
1519:Balf.f.
1431:Balf.f.
1306:fishing
1264:Oceania
1257:walnuts
1176:basmati
1168:biryani
1156:gulaman
1074:Bengali
1037:bān lán
975:vanilla
939:Lauhala
927:Hawaiʻi
917:pattern
877:tepukei
810:coconut
804:Ecology
732:pandang
715:Tagalog
711:panadan
704:pangzan
701:Kavalan
697:pangran
621:⁄
607:⁄
600:flowers
586:⁄
576:⁄
557:⁄
490:species
454:Tuckeya
392:Forssk.
320:Doornia
262:species
232:Genus:
212:Order:
167:Plantae
4478:PLANTS
4470:928472
4454:NZOR:
4434:500462
4369:123748
4356:123748
4304:299931
4278:193378
4275:APDB:
4202:Peanut
4048:Walnut
4004:Karuka
3950:Durian
3935:Cashew
3910:Almond
3902:Drupes
3579:Futuna
3552:, and
3542:Woleai
3534:Ifalik
3529:dacron
3481:
3473:
3427:
3419:
3364:
3356:
3346:
3308:
3266:
3238:
3230:
3220:
3194:
3184:
3136:
3126:
3009:
2921:Saveur
2877:Blumea
2622:
2614:
2547:
2520:
2273:
2223:
2038:Du Roi
1983:&
1965:Barkly
1909:Kuntze
1840:Rendle
1745:&
1689:&
1687:Buerki
1683:Calim.
1669:&
1629:&
1469:&
1399:Lindl.
1308:, and
1235:nuts (
1233:Karuka
1223:) and
1208:kevada
1200:Kevada
1076:; and
1062:lá dứa
1035:; 斑蘭 (
1029:pandan
901:bayong
886:Temotu
848:, and
742:Tongan
725:pahong
718:pandan
694:Atayal
660:pandan
628:bracts
514:pandan
446:Sussea
412:Rumph.
402:Hassk.
291:&
53:Recent
4483:PANDA
4408:70025
4343:20923
4330:1PADG
4317:8W23Q
4291:73747
4109:spp.
4088:Cycad
3970:Pecan
3796:Beech
3791:Acorn
3653:names
3550:Pulap
3538:Elato
3490:(PDF)
3395:(PDF)
3328:(PDF)
3260:(PDF)
2767:(PDF)
2689:(PDF)
2641:(PDF)
2620:S2CID
2423:(PDF)
2416:(PDF)
2307:(PDF)
2271:S2CID
2124:Stone
2063:Warb.
2021:R.Br.
1985:Wiehe
1941:Huynh
1759:Horne
1747:Wiehe
1727:Horne
1671:Wiehe
1655:Huynh
1643:Roxb.
1591:Ridl.
1567:Solms
1507:Stone
1483:Solms
1471:Wiehe
1443:Warb.
1395:Roxb.
1355:Note:
1294:sails
1204:kewra
1196:Kevda
1191:Kewra
1182:. In
1172:pilaf
1131:curry
1117:. In
1086:Hindi
1078:rampe
1056:) in
1039:) in
1021:Malay
999:Sabah
991:tepoh
971:aroma
884:from
846:crabs
778:e.g.
776:hara;
772:whara
769:Māori
658:word
656:Malay
636:drupe
634:is a
632:fruit
482:genus
480:is a
430:Rykia
388:Keura
358:Walp.
200:Clade
187:Clade
174:Clade
4491:POWO
4447:4725
4442:NCBI
4429:ITIS
4416:IPNI
4395:8790
4390:GRIN
4377:GBIF
4325:EPPO
4299:BOLD
4286:APNI
3774:Nuts
3624:2021
3607:2020
3498:2018
3479:OCLC
3471:ISSN
3436:2018
3425:OCLC
3417:ISSN
3373:2018
3362:OCLC
3354:ISSN
3344:ISBN
3306:OCLC
3275:2018
3264:OCLC
3236:OCLC
3228:LCCN
3218:ISBN
3192:OCLC
3182:ISBN
3152:link
3134:OCLC
3124:ISBN
3043:2018
3007:ISSN
2985:2018
2959:2018
2929:2018
2775:2014
2750:2014
2721:2014
2612:ISSN
2577:2019
2545:ISBN
2518:ISBN
2431:2014
2221:ISBN
2202:2024
2099:Bory
1872:Bory
1788:Kurz
1531:Lam.
1278:and
1153:and
1129:and
1127:rice
1121:and
1113:and
1095:and
1084:and
1058:Thai
1016:and
987:Sama
965:and
931:hala
862:food
856:Uses
842:rats
838:bats
824:and
782:keke
780:hara
759:hala
752:fara
708:Thao
520:and
504:and
416:L.f.
313:Webb
256:See
65:PreꞒ
4517:WFO
4364:FoC
4351:FNA
4312:CoL
3611:doi
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3463:doi
3407:doi
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3298:doi
3174:doi
2604:doi
2600:183
2463:doi
2321:hdl
2263:doi
2036:ex
1967:ex
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1761:ex
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