71:
576:, slowing down the flow of water and creating stagnant spots in the river. By 2002, a high of 623 fish cages were recorded by a census group. Over the years, numerous measures have been attempted to curb the growing number of illegal fish cages in the river. In 1996, fish cages and other aquaculture elements in the river (and the adjoining lake) were ordered removed through an official executive order. Some of the reasons cited referred to pollution of the river caused by effluent waste from the fish pens. The structures were also said to physically impede the progress of native fish migrating up and down the river.
102:
584:(NIPAS) Act in 1996. Another attempt to clear the river was pursued in 2002. A record 623 cages were dismantled during that effort. Less than a decade after, in 2007 cages were found to have been reconstructed in significant amounts throughout the length of the river. This culminated in the latest river-clearing effort in mid-2008 by a special task force appointed for the job. A total of 96 illegal fish cages were removed in June 2008, the number of which had already dropped from the previous year's tally of more than 150 cages. As of July 2008, no fish pens remain within the river's waters.
556:, the exclusive rights to the river for aquaculture purposes were leased to Santiago Banaag. At the time, a maximum of one fish corral was authorized by the contract, and the structure was to cover only up to two-thirds of the width of the river, leaving the remaining third for "free navigation and the migration of fishes". After the war, the lease was rescinded in 1949 and fishery rights reverted to the towns of
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has long been a problem for the river's natural ecology. The fish cages, often spanning the width of the entire river, physically block the natural migratory paths of fish species that move between the lake and the sea. The presence of the wooden structures also impede and disrupt the river's natural
479:
kilometre (0.31 mi) north of the old entrance with the new channel joining the old channel about 1 to 2 kilometres (0.62 to 1.24 mi) down the river valley. The change in the elevation of the lake also prevented sea water from flowing into the lake thus turning it to freshwater, its marine
465:. In 1754, after the culmination of worst eruption of Taal Volcano had subsided, the mouth of the river was found blocked by volcanic material, eventually raising the level of the lake. A narrower Pansipit River eventually formed from the layer of
539:
Being the sole outflow of a commercially important lake, the
Pansipit has a rich history of management and regulation of its aquatic resources. In 1941 fishing in the river and its surrounding waters was banned with a 5-year
513:. At one time, more than 80 different species of fish were found to inhabit the river's waters, either as a migratory channel or as a permanent residence. This included Taal Lake's now-extinct population of
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and the Taa-lan River were named after the Taa-lan tree, which grows along the river. The tree also grew along the shore of Bombon Lake (now known as
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509:, this population is particularly notable for inhabiting the river's freshwater waters since the species itself is commonly associated with
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896:"Ordering the dismantling of fish cages, fish pens, fish traps and other aqua-culture structures in Taal Lake and the Pansipit River"
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freely entered Taal Lake to visit the town of Taal and other population centers along its shores. The water of the lake was then
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804:"Establishing a closed season for five (5) years in certain waters of Batangas for the conservation of aquatic resources"
505:, is known to conduct its annual migration runs through the river. Commonly known as the "giant trevally" and locally as
457:
in the 18th century, Pansipit was a navigable channel connecting Taal Lake to
Balayan Bay. Sailing ships and Chinese
784:
Villadolid, D. V. (1937). "The fisheries of Lake Taal, Pansipit River, and
Balayan Bay, Batangas Province, Luzon".
45:
1007:
926:
655:
982:
Mercene, Eliadora C.; Aida R. Alzona (1990). "Survey on migratory fishes in
Pansipit river and Taal Lake".
765:
Mercene, Eliadora C.; Aida R. Alzona (1990). "Survey on migratory fishes in
Pansipit river and Taal Lake".
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from the volcano and a new course was created. The present source of the river on the lake is perhaps
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429:, serving as a boundary between the communities. It has a very narrow entrance from Taal Lake.
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810:. Commonwealth of the Philippines, Department of Agriculture and Commerce. January 7, 1941
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413:. The river stretches some 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) passing along the municipalities of
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954:"Batangas TF imposes July 31 deadline for removal of fish cages in Pansipit River"
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Carating, Rodelio B.; Galanta, Raymundo G.; Bacatio, Clarita D. (April 23, 2014).
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As the river is the sole drainage outlet, the
Pansipit shares many of the unique
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The map of Taal Lake and
Pansipit River with the towns separated by the river.
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602:"Freshwater Fish Species in Taal (Bombon) Lake (Southern Luzon, Philippines)"
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The
Pansipit River was known as the Taa-lan River. The municipality of
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58:(left) with the Pansipit River linking the two bodies of water
872:. Philippine Department of Environment and Natural Resources
629:"Deadline Set for Removal of Fish Cages in Pansipit River"
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status was granted to the river with the enactment of the
834:"Santiago Banaag vs. Vicente Singson Encarnacion, et al"
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863:"Pansipit River Cleared from Fish Cages/Fishpens"
712:"The Philippine Islands, 1493-1803: Volume XXIII"
710:Blair, Emmma Helen and Robertson, J.A. (1905).
480:life evolved and adapted to freshwater living.
714:, pg. 209. Arthur H. Clark Company, Cleveland.
623:
621:
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701:, pp. 288-289. Philippine Journal of Science.
8:
699:"The Fisheries of Taal Lake and Lake Naujan"
922:"Fish cages return to Batangas after 5 yrs"
582:National Integrated Protected Areas System
496:, the lake's freshwater population of the
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550:Japanese occupation of the Philippines
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808:Fisheries Administrative Order No. 21
727:, pg. 11. Bureau of Printing, Manila.
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984:The Philippine Journal of Fisheries
767:The Philippine Journal of Fisheries
930:. October 23, 2007. Archived from
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830:Supreme Court of the Philippines
635:. TheFishSite.com. July 14, 2008
567:Since then, the construction of
492:found in the lake. One specific
393:is a short river located in the
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546:Commonwealth of the Philippines
304: • coordinates
227: • coordinates
16:River in Batangas, Philippines
1:
902:. Republic of the Philippines
840:. Republic of the Philippines
786:Philippine Journal of Science
725:The Eruption of Taal Volcano"
195:Physical characteristics
657:The Soils of the Philippines
343: • elevation
266: • elevation
116:Pansipit River (Philippines)
373: • location
292: • location
215: • location
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723:Maso, Fr. Saderra (1911).
1024:Rivers of the Philippines
960:. GMA News. July 14, 2008
927:Philippine Daily Inquirer
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754:. December 2008 version.
740:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
453:Before the eruptions of
401:. The river is the sole
900:Executive Order No. 296
682:"History & Culture"
355:9 km (5.6 mi)
119:Show map of Philippines
924:. Headlines: Regions.
697:Herre, Albert (1927).
633:The FishSite News Desk
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326:13.87111°N 120.91389°E
249:13.93083°N 120.94972°E
1029:Landforms of Batangas
792:(2). Manila: 191–229.
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270:5 m (16 ft)
1010:at Wikimedia Commons
894:(January 22, 1996).
347:0 m (0 ft)
934:on October 23, 2007
520:Carcharhinus leucas
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331:13.87111; 120.91389
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254:13.93083; 120.94972
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50:Satellite image of
832:(April 19, 1949).
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35:Pansipit River in
1006:Media related to
600:Wee, Jen (2001).
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738:Froese, Rainer
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604:. Fishbase.org
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578:Protected area
548:. During the
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976:Bibliography
964:December 10,
962:. Retrieved
957:
948:
938:December 10,
936:. Retrieved
932:the original
925:
916:
906:December 10,
904:. Retrieved
899:
886:
876:December 10,
874:. Retrieved
869:
844:December 10,
842:. Retrieved
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814:December 10,
812:. Retrieved
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639:December 10,
637:. Retrieved
632:
608:December 15,
606:. Retrieved
595:
566:
554:World War II
544:by the then
538:
518:
506:
500:
487:
455:Taal Volcano
452:
436:
390:
388:
54:(right) and
18:
958:GMA News TV
515:bull sharks
511:coral reefs
423:San Nicolas
411:Balayan Bay
399:Philippines
378:Balayan Bay
329: /
317:120°54′50″E
285:Balayan Bay
252: /
240:120°56′59″E
181:San Nicolas
138:Philippines
56:Balayan Bay
1018:Categories
588:References
569:fish cages
535:Protection
405:outlet of
314:13°52′16″N
237:13°55′51″N
148:Calabarzon
443:Taal Lake
433:Etymology
415:Agoncillo
407:Taal Lake
364:Discharge
208:Taal Lake
171:Agoncillo
52:Taal Lake
751:FishBase
574:currents
507:maliputo
403:drainage
395:Batangas
297:Batangas
220:Batangas
158:Batangas
154:Province
129:Location
484:Ecology
474:⁄
449:History
134:Country
664:
562:Lemery
494:strain
467:ejecta
463:saline
425:, and
419:Lemery
367:
352:Length
204:Source
176:Lemery
144:Region
866:(PDF)
490:biota
459:junks
280:Mouth
87:mouth
966:2008
940:2008
908:2008
878:2008
846:2008
816:2008
662:ISBN
641:2008
610:2008
560:and
558:Taal
498:jack
439:Taal
427:Taal
389:The
186:Taal
552:in
523:).
445:).
1020::
988:21
986:.
956:.
898:.
868:.
854:^
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806:.
790:63
788:.
771:21
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748:.
690:^
660:.
631:.
618:^
564:.
421:,
417:,
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880:.
848:.
818:.
746:"
742:"
684:.
670:.
643:.
612:.
517:(
476:2
472:1
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
