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Volume of traffic, or vehicle miles traveled (VMT), is a predictor of crash incidence. All other things being equal, as VMT increases, so will traffic crashes. The relationship may not be simple, however; after a point, increasing congestion leads to reduced speeds, hanging
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can be defined as the payload per period, say passenger / day or tonne / day. This can be used as the measure of intensity of the transportation on a particular section or point of transportation infrastructure, say road or railway. This can be used in comparison with the construction, running costs
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In the United States, the unit is used as an aggregate in yearly federal publications, while its usage is more sporadic in other countries. For instance, it appears to compare different kind of roads in some publications as it had been computed on a five-year period between 1995 and 2000.
215:
A transit system serving a community with a widely dispersed population must operate circuitous routes that tend to carry fewer passengers per distance (km or mile). A higher number is more favorable.
386:
traveling from Los
Angeles to Chicago (approximate distance 2,015 miles) carrying 14 short tons of cargo delivers a service of 14 * 2,015 = 28,210 ton-miles of freight (equal to about 41,187 tkm).
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Usually, transport risk is computed by reference to the distance traveled by people, while for road traffic risk, only vehicle traveled distance is usually taken into account.
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MacNeal 1994 discusses the history of this topic, exploring such units and how humans developed the current state of logically recognizing and naming them.
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In the United States, it is computed per 100 million miles traveled, while internationally it is computed in 100 million or 1 billion kilometers traveled.
203:
A system may carry a high number of passengers per distance (km or mile) but a relatively low number of passengers per bus hour if vehicles operate in
103:, determined by multiplying the number of vehicles on a given road or traffic network by the average length of their trips measured in kilometres.
356:
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401:(TEUs), rather than cargo weight, e.g. a TEU-km would be the equivalent of one twenty-foot container transported one kilometer.
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425:) is a unit for assessing road traffic fatalities. This metric is computed by dividing the fatalities by the estimated VMT.
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can be measured in L/100 km or miles per gallon (mpg). This can be normalized per vehicle, as in
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in the US: 1 ton-mile * ( 0.907185 t / short ton) * ( 1.609344 km / mile ) = 1.460 tkm
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231:(kgkm), the service of moving one kilogram of payload a distance of one kilometre.
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According to the
Minnesota Department of Public Safety, Office of Traffic Safety
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of the measure is the product of the payload mass and the distance transported.
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Scheduled
Passengers Carried, World Air Transport Statistics 51st Edition, IATA
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Passenger-distance is the distance (km or miles) travelled by passengers on
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557:"Wörterbuch der Abkürzungen, Neu bearbeitete und erweiterte Auflage"
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the proportion of crashes that occur at different severity levels.
45:, as used in statistics, planning, and their related applications.
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614:"OECD Glossary of Statistical Terms – TEU-kilometre Definition"
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unit used, outside the US, to measure the length of a journey;
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In the US, sometimes United States customary units are used.
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Road traffic demand elasticities A rapid evidence assessment
139:; Person (often abbreviated as either "pax" or "p." or No.)
121:) same as before but measures the trip expressed in miles.
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is rarely used to derive units of transportation quantity.
690:
Department of Public Safety, Office of
Traffic Safety
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Dunkerley, Fay; Rohr, Charlene; Daly, Andrew (2014).
359:(IATA) releases its statistics in the metric units.)
294:), moving 1 kg of cargo a distance of 1 km;
76:(mi) is used in the US; 1 mi = 1.609344 km
347:units (pkm and tkm) are used internationally. (In
27:
Ways of measuring the transport of goods and people
173: ?) sometimes in the US; 1 pmi = 1.609344 pkm
519:(Report). Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation.
733:provides an example of transportation statistics
559:. Mannheim, Leipzig, Wien, Zürich: Dudenverlag.
440:
596:"Main Terms Used in Civil Aviation Statistics"
277:1 t = (1/0.907) short tons = 1.102 short tons.
257:but an accepted metric unit, defined as 1,000
8:
683:"Minnesota Motor Vehicle Crash Facts, 2014"
535:Environmental Terminology Discovery Service
507:
505:
268:" is used in the US; 1 short ton = 2,000
705:Mathsemantics: Making Numbers Talk Sense
501:
357:International Air Transport Association
207:areas and thus travel at slower speed.
32:units of measurement in transportation
7:
571:"Abkürzungen und Akronym Datenbank"
227:. A simple unit of freight is the
25:
459:, or per seat, as for example in
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189:Passengers per hour per direction
184:Passengers per hour per direction
178:Passengers per hour per direction
53:The currently popular units are:
634:[Road safety in France]
632:"La sécurité routière en France"
397:traffic is commonly measured in
640:www.ladocumentationfrancaise.fr
491:List of countries by rail usage
612:Directorate, OECD Statistics.
453:Energy efficiency in transport
1:
661:"Sécurité des routes express"
537:. European Environment Agency
353:United States customary units
320:), the transportation of one
191:(pphpd) measures the maximum
663:[Expressway safety]
399:twenty-foot equivalent units
642:(in French). Archived from
457:fuel economy in automobiles
211:Passengers per bus distance
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181:
703:MacNeal, Edward (1994).
461:fuel economy in aircraft
38:used to express various
575:abkuerzungen.woxikon.de
413:of the infrastructure.
355:are widely used, the
223:Freight is measured in
199:Passengers per bus hour
195:of a transport system.
65:(km) or kilometer is a
49:Transportation quantity
555:Werlin, Josef (1999).
445:
423:vehicle miles traveled
410:Transportation density
405:Transportation density
113:vehicle miles traveled
486:Passenger load factor
390:Intermodal containers
328:; 1 tkm = 1,000 kgkm.
577:(in German). Woxikon
481:Available seat miles
395:Intermodal container
752:Transport economics
421:Fatalities by VMT (
243:(kg), the standard
157:passenger-kilometre
36:unit of measurement
18:Passenger kilometer
288:kilogram-kilometre
229:kilogram-kilometre
144:Passenger-distance
99:) as a measure of
72:the international
448:Energy efficiency
417:Fatalities by VMT
93:vehicle-kilometre
57:Length of journey
16:(Redirected from
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649:on 2018-06-26.
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579:. Retrieved
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539:. Retrieved
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531:"vehicle-km"
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101:traffic flow
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87:Traffic flow
74:statute mile
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707:. Penguin.
253:(t), a non-
741:Categories
581:2024-07-28
541:2008-10-06
497:References
384:semi truck
366:Derivation
43:quantities
372:dimension
326:kilometre
324:over one
266:short ton
259:kilograms
205:congested
137:Passenger
126:Passenger
63:kilometre
475:See also
349:aviation
332:ton-mile
241:kilogram
467:History
378:Example
312:, also
219:Freight
711:
599:(docx)
351:where
345:metric
270:pounds
67:metric
686:(PDF)
665:(PDF)
647:(PDF)
636:(PDF)
517:(PDF)
339:Usage
322:tonne
292:kg⋅km
251:tonne
117:, or
709:ISBN
370:The
343:The
310:km⋅t
306:t⋅km
169:(or
30:The
318:kmt
316:or
314:tkm
308:or
300:or
171:pmi
161:pkm
159:or
119:VMT
97:vkm
743::
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504:^
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382:A
255:SI
245:SI
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304:(
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109:(
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