Knowledge (XXG)

Parma (shield)

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Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome - Lesley Adkins, Roy A. Adkins, Both Professional Archaeologists Roy A Adkins - Google Książki
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was used by legionnaires in the early republican period of Rome's history, by the lowest class division of the army— the
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was about 36 inches (91 cm) across (or less) and had iron in its frame, making it a very effective piece of armour.
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it was raised above the head and struck with a sword so as to emit a loud ringing noise.
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Later, the 629:, especially during the later period of 852: 278: 214: 170: 143: 778:is cited as a weapon utilised by the 7: 905: 903: 692:were phased out with the so-called " 47:adding citations to reliable sources 16:Round shield used by the Roman army 927:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by 14: 835:Roman military personal equipment 674:. Their equipment consisted of a 907: 806:. It was also used by the Roman 721: 682:was replaced by the body-length 566: 126: 23: 782:in defence against the Greeks ( 747:infantry and cavalry, with the 34:needs additional citations for 1: 461:Upper Germanic-Rhaetian Limes 989:Ancient Roman military stubs 375:Frontiers and fortifications 187:Decorations and punishments 1005: 902: 786:), and later against the 490:Claustra Alpium Iuliarum 475:Danube–Iller–Rhine Limes 145:Military of ancient Rome 915:This article about the 802:was the shield used by 573:Ancient Rome portal 743:It was used mainly by 707: 702: 456:Neckar-Odenwald Limes 271:Technological history 761:(standard bearers). 446:Lower Germanic Limes 345:Strategy and tactics 280:Military engineering 182:Unit types and ranks 43:improve this article 984:Late Roman military 621:(the diminutive of 441:Lauter Valley Limes 58:"Parma" shield 708: 542:Limes Tripolitanus 163:Structural history 936: 935: 804:thraex gladiators 653:had handles and 607: 606: 558: 557: 549:Limes Mauretaniae 404:Limes Britannicus 365: 364: 329:Political history 319: 318: 239: 238: 119: 118: 111: 93: 996: 974:European weapons 957: 950: 943: 917:military history 911: 904: 878: 877: 857: 725: 631:imperial history 599: 592: 585: 571: 570: 569: 430:Limes Germanicus 380: 357:Infantry tactics 350: 306:Triumphal arches 276: 257:Wars and battles 249:Campaign history 168: 130: 129: 123: 114: 107: 103: 100: 94: 92: 51: 27: 19: 1004: 1003: 999: 998: 997: 995: 994: 993: 964: 963: 962: 961: 900: 886: 881: 874: 859: 858: 854: 850: 831: 796: 741: 740: 739: 738: 737: 736: 735: 726: 713: 643: 641:Characteristics 603: 567: 565: 560: 559: 554: 526:Limes Sarmatiae 520:Anastasian Wall 498:Pannonian Limes 377: 367: 366: 361: 347: 337: 336: 335: 331: 321: 320: 315: 301: 273: 263: 262: 261: 251: 241: 240: 235: 210: 196: 165: 155: 127: 115: 104: 98: 95: 52: 50: 40: 28: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1002: 1000: 992: 991: 986: 981: 976: 966: 965: 960: 959: 952: 945: 937: 934: 933: 912: 898: 897: 885: 884:External links 882: 880: 879: 872: 851: 849: 846: 845: 844: 837: 830: 827: 795: 792: 784:Battle of Troy 727: 720: 719: 718: 717: 716: 715: 714: 712: 709: 694:Marian reforms 642: 639: 605: 604: 602: 601: 594: 587: 579: 576: 575: 562: 561: 556: 555: 553: 552: 545: 538: 535:Limes Arabicus 530: 529: 522: 517: 512: 507: 505:Limes Alutanus 501: 500: 494: 493: 485: 484: 478: 477: 471: 470: 469: 468: 466:Wetterau Limes 463: 458: 453: 448: 443: 438: 425: 424: 423: 422: 417: 415:Hadrian's Wall 412: 399: 398: 397: 396: 383: 378: 373: 372: 369: 368: 363: 362: 360: 359: 353: 348: 343: 342: 339: 338: 333: 332: 327: 326: 323: 322: 317: 316: 314: 313: 308: 302: 300: 299: 294: 286: 283: 282: 274: 269: 268: 265: 264: 260: 259: 253: 252: 247: 246: 243: 242: 237: 236: 234: 233: 228: 222: 219: 218: 212: 211: 209: 208: 203: 197: 195: 194: 189: 184: 178: 175: 174: 166: 161: 160: 157: 156: 147: 141: 140: 132: 131: 117: 116: 31: 29: 22: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1001: 990: 987: 985: 982: 980: 979:Roman shields 977: 975: 972: 971: 969: 958: 953: 951: 946: 944: 939: 938: 932: 930: 926: 922: 918: 913: 910: 906: 901: 895: 891: 888: 887: 883: 875: 873:9780816074822 869: 865: 864: 856: 853: 847: 843: 842: 838: 836: 833: 832: 828: 826: 824: 823:Pyrrhic dance 819: 817: 813: 809: 805: 801: 793: 791: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 772: 767: 762: 760: 759: 754: 750: 746: 734: 730: 724: 710: 706: 701: 697: 695: 691: 687: 686: 681: 677: 673: 672: 667: 662: 660: 656: 655:shield bosses 652: 648: 640: 638: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 619: 614: 613: 600: 595: 593: 588: 586: 581: 580: 578: 577: 574: 564: 563: 551: 550: 546: 544: 543: 539: 537: 536: 532: 531: 528: 527: 523: 521: 518: 516: 515:Trajan's Wall 513: 511: 510:Limes Moesiae 508: 506: 503: 502: 499: 496: 495: 492: 491: 487: 486: 483: 482:Norican Limes 480: 479: 476: 473: 472: 467: 464: 462: 459: 457: 454: 452: 449: 447: 444: 442: 439: 437: 434: 433: 432: 431: 427: 426: 421: 418: 416: 413: 411: 410:Antonine Wall 408: 407: 406: 405: 401: 400: 395: 392: 391: 390: 389: 385: 384: 382: 381: 376: 371: 370: 358: 355: 354: 352: 351: 346: 341: 340: 330: 325: 324: 312: 309: 307: 304: 303: 298: 297:Siege engines 295: 293: 292: 288: 287: 285: 284: 281: 277: 272: 267: 266: 258: 255: 254: 250: 245: 244: 232: 229: 227: 224: 223: 221: 220: 217: 213: 207: 204: 202: 199: 198: 193: 190: 188: 185: 183: 180: 179: 177: 176: 173: 169: 164: 159: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 134: 133: 125: 124: 121: 113: 110: 102: 91: 88: 84: 81: 77: 74: 70: 67: 63: 60: –  59: 55: 54:Find sources: 48: 44: 38: 37: 32:This article 30: 26: 21: 20: 929:expanding it 921:Ancient Rome 914: 899: 894:LacusCurtius 866:. 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"Parma" shield
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a series
Military of ancient Rome
753 BC
AD 476
Structural history
Army
Unit types and ranks
Decorations and punishments
Legions
Auxilia
Generals
Navy
Fleets
Admirals
Campaign history
Wars and battles
Technological history
Military engineering
Castra

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