37:
225:, the fossil lichen has been placed provisionally in that genus, although the authors acknowledge that without sacrificing more of the single available specimen for analysis, it is impossible to assert this definitively. Although the authors noted "striking resemblance" to some members of
372:
Beimforde, Christina; Feldberg, Kathrin; Nylinder, Stephan; Rikkinen, Jouko; Tuovila, Hanna; Dörfelt, Heinrich; Gube, Matthias; Jackson, Daniel J.; Reitner, Joachim; Seyfullah, Leyla J.; Schmidt, Alexander R. (2014).
595:
Divakar, Pradeep K.; DelâPrado, Ruth; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten; Wedin, Mats; Esslinger, Theodore L.; Leavitt, Steven D.; Crespo, Ana (2012). "Diversification of the newly recognized lichenâforming fungal lineage
276:
comprising dichotomously branched lobes with a smooth, slightly convex. The lobes measure 1.0â1.35 mm wide at the internode. The upper thallus surface is shiny and greenish in colour, lacking
414:
Kaasalainen, Ulla; Heinrichs, Jochen; Krings, Michael; Myllys, Leena; Grabenhorst, Heinrich; Rikkinen, Jouko; Schmidt, Alexander R. (2015). Wilf, Peter (ed.).
775:
709:
239:, a trait characteristic of that genus. Some later authors have opined, however, that this taxon, and another fossil lichen described concurrently,
479:"Origin and diversification of major clades in parmelioid lichens (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) during the Paleogene inferred by Bayesian analysis"
780:
760:
765:
304:
where they have been broken off. The specimen also has light-coloured squamules (scales) similar to those found in genus
260:
fossils). Because lichens are scarce in the fossil record, specimens like this are often used as calibration points for
770:
674:
252:
Based on what types of organisms are used for dating, Dominican amber dates from 15â20 million years ago (based on
188:
although its true generic placement is difficult to determine with only a single specimen available for analysis.
36:
785:
755:
636:
249:
as presently circumscribed, although there is agreement that the
Parmeliaceae is the appropriate family.
132:
701:
549:
490:
477:
Amo de Paz, Guillermo; Cubas, Paloma; Divakar, Pradeep K.; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten; Crespo, Ana (2011).
431:
213:
375:"Estimating the Phanerozoic history of the Ascomycota lineages: Combining fossil and molecular data"
201:
354:
31:
284:
are unevenly scattered on the thallus surface. The underside of the thallus is black with dark
750:
683:
617:
577:
518:
459:
396:
221:
205:
184:
151:
108:
416:"Alectorioid morphologies in Paleogene lichens: new evidence and re-evaluation of the fossil
609:
567:
557:
508:
498:
449:
439:
386:
346:
301:
277:
261:
197:
179:
78:
553:
494:
435:
696:
572:
537:
513:
478:
454:
415:
241:
171:
744:
600:(Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota) and its relation to key geological and climatic events".
358:
688:
659:
253:
227:
175:
98:
562:
503:
444:
668:
391:
374:
88:
182:
and described as a new species in 2000. It was tentatively placed in the genus
297:
68:
289:
257:
48:
621:
581:
522:
463:
400:
350:
722:
653:
306:
300:
high and 40â50 ÎŒm in diameter, and leave pits on the surface of the
293:
209:
613:
538:"Dating the Diversification of the major lineages of Ascomycota (Fungi)"
714:
285:
273:
236:
727:
281:
167:
58:
630:
634:
333:
Poinar, G. O.; Peterson, E. B.; Platt, J. L. (2000). "Fossil
296:
are apparent on the fossil. The isidia are 300â500
264:
analyses to improve understanding of lichen evolution.
231:, they chose to tentatively group the fossil taxon in
328:
326:
324:
322:
219:
Because of its resemblance to modern-day members of
643:
235:because of the mostly simple (i.e., unbranched)
8:
245:, do not belong to the genus concept of the
256:fossils), to 30â45 million years (based on
631:
20:
571:
561:
512:
502:
453:
443:
390:
212:specimen (Poinar AF9-17B) is kept at the
288:measuring 0.3â0.7 mm long. Neither
318:
208:, Eric Peterson, and Jamie Platt. The
379:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
7:
536:Prieto, MarĂa; Wedin, Mats (2013).
14:
154:, E.B.Peterson & Platt (2000)
35:
776:Taxa named by George Poinar Jr.
1:
781:Fossil taxa described in 2000
196:The fossil was discovered in
563:10.1371/journal.pone.0065576
504:10.1371/journal.pone.0028161
445:10.1371/journal.pone.0129526
204:as a new species in 2000 by
392:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.024
802:
602:American Journal of Botany
761:Lichens described in 2000
138:
131:
32:Scientific classification
30:
23:
766:Lichens of the Caribbean
272:The fossil lichen has a
675:Parmelia isidiiveteris
645:Parmelia isidiiveteris
351:10.1006/lich.1999.0258
163:Parmelia isidiiveteris
145:Parmelia isidiiveteris
25:Parmelia isidiiveteris
337:in new world amber".
124:P. isidiiveteris
214:University of Oregon
614:10.3732/ajb.1200258
554:2013PLoSO...865576P
495:2011PLoSO...628161A
436:2015PLoSO..1029526K
202:formally described
178:. It was found in
771:Prehistoric fungi
738:
737:
637:Taxon identifiers
608:(12): 2014â2026.
418:Alectoria succini
339:The Lichenologist
206:George Poinar Jr.
159:
158:
16:Species of lichen
793:
731:
730:
718:
717:
705:
704:
692:
691:
679:
678:
677:
664:
663:
662:
632:
626:
625:
592:
586:
585:
575:
565:
533:
527:
526:
516:
506:
474:
468:
467:
457:
447:
411:
405:
404:
394:
369:
363:
362:
330:
147:
143:
40:
39:
21:
801:
800:
796:
795:
794:
792:
791:
790:
786:Dominican amber
741:
740:
739:
734:
726:
721:
713:
708:
700:
695:
687:
682:
673:
672:
667:
658:
657:
652:
639:
629:
594:
593:
589:
535:
534:
530:
476:
475:
471:
430:(6): e0129526.
413:
412:
408:
371:
370:
366:
332:
331:
320:
316:
278:pseudocyphellae
270:
262:molecular clock
198:Dominican amber
194:
180:Dominican amber
155:
149:
141:
140:
127:
79:Lecanoromycetes
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
799:
797:
789:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
756:Lichen species
753:
743:
742:
736:
735:
733:
732:
719:
706:
693:
680:
665:
649:
647:
641:
640:
635:
628:
627:
587:
528:
489:(12): e28161.
469:
406:
364:
345:(3): 263â269.
317:
315:
312:
280:(tiny pores).
269:
266:
242:Parmelia ambra
193:
190:
174:in the family
172:foliose lichen
157:
156:
150:
136:
135:
129:
128:
120:
118:
114:
113:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
66:
62:
61:
56:
52:
51:
46:
42:
41:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
798:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
748:
746:
729:
724:
720:
716:
711:
707:
703:
698:
694:
690:
685:
681:
676:
670:
666:
661:
655:
651:
650:
648:
646:
642:
638:
633:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
591:
588:
583:
579:
574:
569:
564:
559:
555:
551:
548:(6): e65576.
547:
543:
539:
532:
529:
524:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
473:
470:
465:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
419:
410:
407:
402:
398:
393:
388:
384:
380:
376:
368:
365:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
329:
327:
325:
323:
319:
313:
311:
309:
308:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
267:
265:
263:
259:
255:
250:
248:
244:
243:
238:
234:
230:
229:
224:
223:
217:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
191:
189:
187:
186:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
164:
153:
148:
146:
137:
134:
133:Binomial name
130:
126:
125:
119:
116:
115:
112:
111:
107:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
80:
77:
74:
73:
70:
67:
64:
63:
60:
57:
54:
53:
50:
47:
44:
43:
38:
33:
29:
26:
22:
19:
644:
605:
601:
597:
590:
545:
541:
531:
486:
482:
472:
427:
423:
417:
409:
382:
378:
367:
342:
338:
334:
305:
271:
254:foraminifera
251:
246:
240:
232:
228:Hypotrachyna
226:
220:
218:
195:
183:
176:Parmeliaceae
162:
161:
160:
144:
139:
123:
122:
109:
99:Parmeliaceae
24:
18:
669:Wikispecies
385:: 386â398.
268:Description
170:species of
89:Lecanorales
745:Categories
660:Q108131187
598:Montanelia
420:MĂ€gdefrau"
314:References
168:fossilised
69:Ascomycota
65:Division:
290:apothecia
258:coccolith
117:Species:
55:Kingdom:
49:Eukaryota
751:Parmelia
723:MycoBank
697:Fungorum
654:Wikidata
622:23204485
582:23799026
542:PLOS ONE
523:22174775
483:PLOS ONE
464:26053106
424:PLOS ONE
401:24792086
359:86227172
335:Parmelia
307:Cladonia
294:pycnidia
286:rhizines
247:Parmelia
237:rhizines
233:Parmelia
222:Parmelia
210:holotype
192:Taxonomy
185:Parmelia
110:Parmelia
95:Family:
45:Domain:
715:3405959
573:3683012
550:Bibcode
514:3234259
491:Bibcode
455:4460037
432:Bibcode
274:thallus
142:†
121:†
105:Genus:
85:Order:
75:Class:
728:467304
702:467304
620:
580:
570:
521:
511:
462:
452:
399:
357:
302:cortex
282:Isidia
152:Poinar
689:4DNXG
355:S2CID
166:is a
59:Fungi
710:GBIF
618:PMID
578:PMID
519:PMID
460:PMID
397:PMID
292:nor
200:and
684:CoL
610:doi
568:PMC
558:doi
509:PMC
499:doi
450:PMC
440:doi
387:doi
347:doi
747::
725::
712::
699::
686::
671::
656::
616:.
606:99
604:.
576:.
566:.
556:.
544:.
540:.
517:.
507:.
497:.
485:.
481:.
458:.
448:.
438:.
428:10
426:.
422:.
395:.
383:78
381:.
377:.
353:.
343:32
341:.
321:^
310:.
298:ÎŒm
216:.
624:.
612::
584:.
560::
552::
546:8
525:.
501::
493::
487:6
466:.
442::
434::
403:.
389::
361:.
349::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
