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One huge advantage of having fewer wires/pins in a serial cable is the significant reduction in the size, the complexity of the connectors, and the associated costs. Designers of devices such as smartphones benefit from the development of connectors/ports that are small, durable, and still provide
321:
creates interference between the parallel lines, and the effect worsens with the length of the communication link. This places an upper limit on the length of a parallel data connection that is usually shorter than a serial
480:
206:. Computer system buses, on the other hand, have evolved over time: parallel communication was commonly used in earlier system buses, whereas serial communications are prevalent in modern computers.
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reduces the speed of every link to the slowest of all of the links. However, parallel lines have lower latency than serial lines, this makes parallel lines is still used on memory bus like
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53:
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to convey bits. Parallel communication implies more than one such conductor. For example, an 8-bit parallel channel will convey eight bits (or a
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911:
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179:) simultaneously, whereas a serial channel would convey those same bits sequentially, one at a time. If both channels operated at the same
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Interfaces are listed by their speed in the (roughly) ascending order, so the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest.
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Before the development of high-speed serial technologies, the choice of parallel links over serial links was driven by these factors:
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119:
183:, the parallel channel would be eight times faster. A parallel channel may have additional conductors for other signals, such as a
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57:
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886:
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377:(AV) devices such as digital cameras or professional-grade scanners that used to require purchasing a SCSI HBA years ago.
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68:
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Speed: Superficially, the speed of a parallel data link is equal to the number of bits sent at one time times the
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813:
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Complexity: Parallel data links are easily implemented in hardware, making them a logical choice. Creating a
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of each individual path; doubling the number of bits sent at once doubles the data rate. In practice,
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337:. In contrast, most serial communication must first be converted back into parallel form by a
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141:
156:, which conveys only a single bit at a time; this distinction is one way of characterizing a
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243:(1964). Standard System/360 had an eight-bit wide port. The process-control variant
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communication send a few bits in parallel. (Each such group of bits is called a "
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to pace the flow of data, a signal to control the direction of data flow, and
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has led to serial links being used in favor of parallel links; for example,
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On the other hand, there has been a resurgence of parallel data links in
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412:"). Such techniques can be extended to send an entire byte at once (
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1005:
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798:
748:
673:
131:
27:
Method of data transmission in which bits are conveyed in parallel
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communication. Rather than transmitting one bit at a time (as in
194:
Parallel communication is and always has been widely used within
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1154:
1015:
926:
921:
763:
393:
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152:) simultaneously using multiple conductors. This contrasts with
512:
1118:
743:
738:
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are now the most common connectors for transferring data from
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29:
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in a computer system is relatively simple, requiring only a
341:(UART) before they may be directly connected to a data bus.
163:
The basic difference between a parallel and a serial
1214:
1193:
1142:
978:
874:
626:
560:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
148:is a method of conveying multiple binary digits (
861:Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI)
345:The decreasing cost and better performance of
524:
8:
339:universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter
531:
517:
509:
210:Examples of parallel communication systems
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
447:
458:IBM System/360 Principles of Operation
202:buses, and in memory devices such as
7:
136:Parallel versus serial communication
58:adding citations to reliable sources
227:, including various generations of
250:Legacy computer peripheral buses:
25:
396:), well-known techniques such as
1262:
1261:
479: This article incorporates
474:
34:
492:General Services Administration
279:Laboratory Instrumentation bus
45:needs additional citations for
406:Multiple-input multiple-output
1:
856:Intel Ultra Path Interconnect
317:Cable length or link length:
834:Intel QuickPath Interconnect
824:Direct Media Interface (DMI)
294:Comparison with serial links
1302:
819:Compute Express Link (CXL)
266:, and the once-ubiquitous
1255:
1056:IEEE-1284 (parallel port)
971:logical device interface)
69:"Parallel communication"
18:Parallel communications
618:List of bus bandwidths
487:Federal Standard 1037C
481:public domain material
381:adequate performance.
285:(see more examples at
241:Direct Control Feature
146:parallel communication
137:
500: (in support of
436:Bit-level parallelism
169:electrical conductors
165:communication channel
135:
1061:IEEE-1394 (FireWire)
799:PCI Extended (PCI-X)
333:to copy data onto a
154:serial communication
54:improve this article
902:Parallel ATA (PATA)
347:integrated circuits
247:had a 32-bit width.
196:integrated circuits
158:communications link
809:PCI Express (PCIe)
353:printer ports vs.
138:
1286:Data transmission
1273:
1272:
1259:
986:Apple Desktop Bus
963:PCI Express (via
922:Serial ATA (SATA)
608:Network on a chip
455:IBM Corporation.
426:Data transmission
167:is the number of
142:data transmission
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
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1265:
1264:
1257:
719:HP Precision Bus
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519:
510:
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499:
494:. Archived from
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215:Internal buses:
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111:
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62:
38:
30:
21:
1301:
1300:
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1295:
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1269:
1260:
1251:
1210:
1189:
1138:
1051:IEEE-488 (GPIB)
974:
870:
849:Infinity Fabric
679:Europe Card Bus
622:
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484:
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1160:Intel HD Audio
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1150:ADAT Lightpipe
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844:HyperTransport
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598:Bus contention
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573:Front-side bus
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564:
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554:computer buses
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536:
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521:
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498:on 2022-01-22.
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343:
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323:
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277:
275:"printer port"
248:
238:IBM System/360
235:
225:front-side bus
211:
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173:physical layer
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42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
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1223:
1222:Multidrop bus
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1213:
1207:
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1202:
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1129:External PCIe
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1125:
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1120:
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1109:Parallel SCSI
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1001:Commodore bus
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984:
983:
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977:
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949:Fibre Channel
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619:
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613:Plug and play
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604:
603:Bus mastering
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578:Back-side bus
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327:parallel port
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99:
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92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
754:TURBOchannel
544:
496:the original
486:
457:
450:
383:
379:
359:Parallel ATA
344:
297:
287:computer bus
240:
193:
185:clock signal
171:used at the
162:
145:
139:
116:
110:January 2008
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1227:CoreConnect
1206:ExpressCard
1134:Thunderbolt
1124:Camera Link
907:Bus and Tag
593:Address bus
588:Control bus
583:Daisy chain
502:MIL-STD-188
431:Serial port
375:audiovisual
371:Thunderbolt
322:connection.
189:handshaking
181:clock speed
1080:ACCESS.bus
979:Peripheral
779:InfiniBand
774:HP GSC bus
568:System bus
442:References
390:Morse code
363:Serial ATA
308:clock skew
272:Centronics
233:GDDR SDRAM
221:system bus
217:memory bus
200:peripheral
80:newspapers
1041:Lightning
991:Atari SIO
866:SpaceWire
699:Zorro III
639:S-100 bus
634:SS-50 bus
627:Standards
547:standards
540:Technical
351:IEEE 1284
319:Crosstalk
312:DDR SDRAM
268:IEEE-1284
229:DDR SDRAM
191:signals.
1280:Category
1267:Category
1242:Wishbone
1215:Embedded
1194:Portable
1114:Profibus
1046:DMX512-A
932:Parallel
784:Ethernet
694:Zorro II
644:Multibus
545:de facto
420:See also
367:FireWire
335:data bus
304:bit rate
281:IEEE-488
245:Model 44
1247:SLIMbus
1201:PC Card
1185:TOSLINK
875:Storage
829:RapidIO
709:FASTBUS
664:STD Bus
561:General
414:256-QAM
94:scholar
1180:S/PDIF
1071:1-Wire
1036:RS-485
1031:RS-423
1026:RS-422
1021:RS-232
882:ST-506
839:NVLink
689:STEbus
649:Unibus
410:symbol
404:, and
365:, and
223:, and
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1175:McASP
1143:Audio
1088:SMBus
1084:PMBus
1066:UNI/O
1006:HP-IL
959:SATAe
944:ESCON
917:HIPPI
749:NuBus
704:CAMAC
674:Q-Bus
669:SMBus
654:VAXBI
551:wired
483:from
462:(PDF)
331:latch
198:, in
101:JSTOR
87:books
1232:AMBA
1170:MADI
1155:AES3
1016:MIDI
969:NVMe
965:AHCI
927:SCSI
912:DSSI
887:ESDI
764:SBus
724:EISA
659:MBus
549:for
542:and
394:BPSK
392:and
361:vs.
260:SCSI
231:and
177:byte
150:bits
73:news
1236:AXI
1165:I²S
1119:USB
1104:D²B
1099:SPI
1094:I3C
1076:I²C
1011:HIL
996:DCB
967:or
954:SSA
937:SAS
897:SMD
892:IPI
814:AGP
804:PXI
794:PCI
789:UPA
769:VLB
759:MCA
744:VPX
739:VXS
734:VXI
729:VME
714:LPC
684:ISA
416:).
402:PAM
398:PSM
369:or
355:USB
264:PCI
256:ATA
252:ISA
204:RAM
140:In
56:by
1282::
1086:,
1082:,
504:).
490:.
400:,
386:RF
357:,
270:/
262:,
258:,
254:,
219:,
160:.
144:,
1238:)
1234:(
1090:)
1078:(
532:e
525:t
518:v
464:.
314:.
289:)
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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