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Distributed file systems may aim for "transparency" in a number of aspects. That is, they aim to be "invisible" to client programs, which "see" a system which is similar to a local file system. Behind the scenes, the distributed file system handles locating files, transporting data, and potentially
528:
is that a distributed file system allows files to be accessed using the same interfaces and semantics as local files – for example, mounting/unmounting, listing directories, read/write at byte boundaries, system's native permission model. Distributed data stores, by contrast, require
1016:
Concurrency control becomes an issue when more than one person or client is accessing the same file or block and want to update it. Hence updates to the file from one client should not interfere with access and updates from other clients. This problem is more complex with file systems due to
1001:-processing time. But in a clustered file system, a remote access has additional overhead due to the distributed structure. This includes the time to deliver the request to a server, the time to deliver the response to the client, and for each direction, a CPU overhead of running the
318:. Access control and translation from file-level operations that applications use to block-level operations used by the SAN must take place on the client node. The most common type of clustered file system, the shared-disk file system – by adding mechanisms for
557:: all clients have the same view of the state of the file system. This means that if one process is modifying a file, any other processes on the same system or remote systems that are accessing the files will see the modifications in a coherent manner.
912:
Network-attached storage (NAS) provides both storage and a file system, like a shared disk file system on top of a storage area network (SAN). NAS typically uses file-based protocols (as opposed to block-based protocols a SAN would use) such as
334:
mechanism to prevent data corruption in case of node failures, because an unfenced device can cause data corruption if it loses communication with its sister nodes and tries to access the same information other nodes are accessing.
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for each node). Clustered file systems can provide features like location-independent addressing and redundancy which improve reliability or reduce the complexity of the other parts of the cluster.
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575:: the file system should work well in small environments (1 machine, a dozen machines) and also scale gracefully to bigger ones (hundreds through tens of thousands of systems).
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of a clustered file system is the amount of time needed to satisfy service requests. In conventional systems, this time consists of a disk-access time and a small amount of
369:
There are different architectural approaches to a shared-disk filesystem. Some distribute file information across all the servers in a cluster (fully distributed).
1033:
IBM mainframes in the 1970s could share physical disks and file systems if each machine had its own channel connection to the drives' control units. In the 1980s,
513:, even though they are not the only file systems that use the network to send data. Distributed file systems can restrict access to the file system depending on
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of one sort or another, so that data remains intact and available despite the failure of any single piece of equipment. For examples, see the lists of
1017:
concurrent overlapping writes, where different writers write to overlapping regions of the file concurrently. This problem is usually handled by
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used virtual devices for transparent inter-machine file system access in the 1960s. More file servers were developed in the 1970s. In 1976,
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even when multiple clients try to access the same files at the same time. Shared-disk file-systems commonly employ some sort of
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are a type of clustered file system that spread data across multiple storage nodes, usually for redundancy or performance.
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551:: a consistent namespace exists encompassing local as well as remote files. The name of a file does not give its location.
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581:: Clients should not have to be aware of the file replication performed across multiple servers to support scalability.
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545:: clients are unaware that files are distributed and can access them in the same way as local files are accessed.
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NFS was designed to simplify the sharing of filesystem resources in a network of non-homogeneousmachines.
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using a different API or library and have different semantics (most often those of a database).
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The underlying storage area network may use any of a number of block-level protocols, including
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announced client and server support for
Distributed Data Management Architecture (DDM) for the
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37:"Network filesystem" and "Parallel file system" redirect here. For the Sun NFS protocol, see
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569:: file service should be provided across different hardware and operating system platforms.
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587:: files should be able to move between different servers without the client's knowledge.
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1173:"Disk Backup Through Algebraic Signatures in Scalable Distributed Data Structures"
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which may either be built into the file system or provided by an add-on protocol.
563:: the client and client programs should operate correctly after a server failure.
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on both the servers and the clients, depending on how the protocol is designed.
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The failure of disk hardware or a given storage node in a cluster can create a
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871:(Clemson University, Argonne National Laboratory, Ohio Supercomputer Center)
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1141:
Saify, Amina; Kochhar, Garima; Hsieh, Jenwei; Celebioglu, Onur (May 2005).
1143:"Enhancing High-Performance Computing Clusters with Parallel File Systems"
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Phase II which became the first widely used network file system. In 1984,
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Proceedings of the Summer 1986 USENIX Technical
Conference and Exhibition
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314:(SAN) to allow multiple computers to gain direct disk access at the
1259:"The Sun Network Filesystem: Design, Implementation and Experience"
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based network file system. Other notable network file systems are
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Ultimately, both VMS and TOPS-20 shipped this kind of capability.
644:(SMB) which is also known as Common Internet File System (CIFS).
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File System (SNFS), ex ADIC, ex CentraVision File System (CVFS)
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Distributed
Storage: Concepts, Algorithms, and Implementations
1208:. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 705–725. Archived from
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648:
455:
186:
84:
43:
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Advances in
Computer and Information Sciences and Engineering
1045:
clusters (VAX/ALPHA/IA64) included shared disk file systems.
1237:
Arpaci-Dusseau, Remzi H.; Arpaci-Dusseau, Andrea C. (2014),
326:
view of the file system, avoiding corruption and unintended
290:, most of which do not employ a clustered file system (only
1294:. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 423–440.
1197:
Silberschatz, Abraham; Galvin, Peter; Gagne, Greg (2009).
1171:
Mokadem, Riad; Litwin, Witold; Schwarz, Thomas (2006).
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The difference between a distributed file system and a
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2018:
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115:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1418:A Taxonomy and Survey on Distributed File Systems
856:(Clemson University, Omnibond Systems), formerly
980:distributed parallel fault-tolerant file systems
923:Server Message Block/Common Internet File System
701:or closed-source clustered file systems, e. g.:
970:and high availability can be provided through
466:Versity VSM (SAM-QFS ported to Linux), ScoutFS
2079:
1448:
8:
685:Distributed Relational Database Architecture
322: – provides a consistent and
624:" (NFS) which became the first widely used
78:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2535:
2251:
2015:
1501:
1455:
1441:
1433:
1413:A Taxonomy of Distributed Storage Systems
1387:. Dan Murphy. Ambitious Plans for Jupiter
1232:
1230:
254:Learn how and when to remove this message
236:Learn how and when to remove this message
175:Learn how and when to remove this message
1199:"Operating System Concepts, 8th Edition"
663:. This was followed by the support for
463:Veritas CFS (Cluster FS: Clustered VxFS)
278:which is shared by being simultaneously
1133:
976:distributed fault-tolerant file systems
538:providing other features listed below.
659:, and IBM mainframe computers running
505:to the same storage but use a network
1314:"Weka Distributed File Systems (DFS)"
771:Windows Distributed File System (DFS)
683:. DDM also became the foundation for
7:
1423:A survey of distributed file systems
1385:"Origins and Development of TOPS-20"
671:, IBM mainframe computers under the
113:adding citations to reliable sources
286:. There are several approaches to
925:) (used with MS Windows systems),
699:distributed file systems for cloud
25:
1096:Distributed file system for cloud
59:This article has multiple issues.
1111:List of distributed file systems
954:Avoiding single point of failure
747:List of distributed file systems
620:created the file system called "
608:(FAL), an implementation of the
415:IBM General Parallel File System
380:Blue Whale Clustered file system
213:Merges need to be smoothed over.
191:
89:
48:
27:Type of decentralized filesystem
598:Incompatible Timesharing System
509:. These are commonly known as
460:TerraScale Technologies TerraFS
100:needs additional citations for
67:or discuss these issues on the
1:
1428:The Evolution of File Systems
1035:Digital Equipment Corporation
814:(Inter Planetary File System)
602:Digital Equipment Corporation
388:(SGI) clustered file system (
1339:"PanFS Parallel File System"
869:Parallel Virtual File System
858:Parallel Virtual File System
808:(Apache Software Foundation)
2628:Filesystem-level encryption
435:PolyServe storage solutions
396:Veritas Cluster File System
211:. The specific problem is:
2805:
1475:Comparison of file systems
905:
839:(Core Technology / Gemius)
744:
421:Oracle Cluster File System
207:to meet Knowledge (XXG)'s
36:
29:
2538:
2254:
1504:
1470:
1257:Sandberg, Russel (1986).
1240:Sun's Network File System
1081:Peer-to-peer file sharing
2784:Shared disk file systems
2774:Distributed file systems
2769:Distributed data storage
2578:Extended file attributes
2279:Compact Disc File System
908:Network-attached storage
902:Network-attached storage
767:(Inktank, Red Hat, SUSE)
579:Replication transparency
555:Concurrency transparency
499:Distributed file systems
494:Distributed file systems
30:Not to be confused with
2677:Installable File System
1361:Pessach, Yaniv (2013).
1268:. Sun Microsystems, Inc
1076:Direct-attached storage
1056:Distributed file system
960:single point of failure
679:operating systems, and
308:shared-disk file system
302:Shared-disk file system
292:direct attached storage
124:"Clustered file system"
1725:TiVo Media File System
1589:Encrypting File System
1246:, Arpaci-Dusseau Books
1091:Distributed data store
1003:communication protocol
687:, also known as DRDA.
585:Migration transparency
526:distributed data store
402:Cluster Shared Volumes
2789:Storage area networks
2759:Computer file systems
1720:Macintosh File System
1206:University of Babylon
949:Design considerations
665:IBM Personal Computer
638:NetWare Core Protocol
634:Apple Filing Protocol
549:Location transparency
296:Parallel file systems
268:clustered file system
2779:Network file systems
2733:GUID Partition Table
2080:Distributed parallel
1828:Shared File System (
1383:Murphy, Dan (1996).
1290:Sobh, Tarek (2008).
1178:. DEXA 2006 Springer
1150:Dell Power Solutions
1066:Storage area network
921:systems), SMB/CIFS (
779:(acquired by Docker)
642:Server Message Block
610:Data Access Protocol
606:File Access Listener
561:Failure transparency
511:network file systems
360:network block device
312:storage area network
218:improve this article
109:improve this article
18:Parallel file system
2738:Apple Partition Map
2684:Virtual file system
2623:Access-control list
1737:NetWare File System
1300:2008acis.book.....S
1019:concurrency control
966:or unavailability.
962:that can result in
622:Network File System
543:Access transparency
320:concurrency control
39:Network File System
2728:Master Boot Record
2553:Data deduplication
2192:Google File System
2108:Google File System
1594:Extent File System
1556:Byte File System (
1101:Global file system
727:Google File System
630:Andrew File System
503:block level access
449:Global File System
2746:
2745:
2653:
2652:
2543:Case preservation
2449:
2448:
2148:
2147:
2074:
2073:
1836:Smart File System
1106:Gopher (protocol)
695:network protocols
626:Internet Protocol
352:ATA over Ethernet
264:
263:
256:
246:
245:
238:
209:quality standards
200:This article may
185:
184:
177:
159:
82:
16:(Redirected from
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2563:Execute in place
2536:
2269:Boot File System
2252:
2016:
1552:Boot File System
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1177:
1168:
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1161:
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1157:
1147:
1138:
972:data replication
697:for open-source
618:Sun Microsystems
386:Silicon Graphics
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21:
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2764:Data management
2749:
2748:
2747:
2742:
2716:
2688:
2672:File system API
2649:
2609:
2585:File change log
2527:
2503:Record-oriented
2476:Self-certifying
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2402:
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2243:
2144:
2070:
2014:
1957:
1924:
1497:
1491:
1487:Unix filesystem
1466:
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1409:
1407:Further reading
1404:
1403:
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1216:
1215:on 6 March 2019
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1071:Shared resource
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1014:
988:
968:Fault tolerance
956:
951:
933:computers), or
931:Apple Macintosh
910:
904:
899:
823:(Skytechnology)
749:
743:
690:There are many
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2712:Log-structured
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2615:Access control
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2573:File attribute
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2558:Data scrubbing
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2513:Steganographic
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2493:Log-structured
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1816:Reliance Nitro
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1676:Classic Mac OS
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1547:Be File System
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906:Main article:
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2021:wear leveling
2017:
2011:
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1061:Clustered NAS
1059:
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796:(Google Inc.)
795:
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772:
769:
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735:Chord Project
732:
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568:
567:Heterogeneity
565:
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559:
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550:
547:
544:
541:
540:
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532:
530:
527:
522:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
501:do not share
500:
493:
488:
485:
484:DragonFly BSD
482:
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476:
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357:
356:Fibre Channel
353:
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237:
229:
226:December 2013
219:
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189:
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179:
176:
168:
165:December 2015
157:
154:
150:
147:
143:
140:
136:
133:
129:
126: –
125:
121:
120:Find sources:
114:
110:
104:
103:
98:This article
96:
92:
87:
86:
81:
79:
72:
71:
66:
65:
60:
55:
46:
45:
40:
33:
19:
2667:File manager
2460:
2236:
2137:
1963:Flash memory
1930:Optical disc
1868:soft updates
1848:Soup (Apple)
1498:non-rotating
1464:File systems
1396:
1389:. Retrieved
1378:
1362:
1357:
1346:. Retrieved
1342:
1333:
1322:. Retrieved
1320:. 2021-04-27
1317:
1308:
1291:
1285:
1277:
1270:. Retrieved
1265:
1252:
1239:
1217:. Retrieved
1210:the original
1205:
1192:
1180:. Retrieved
1166:
1154:. Retrieved
1149:
1136:
1086:Disk sharing
1032:
1015:
989:
957:
917:(popular on
911:
850:(EMC Isilon)
761:(Fraunhofer)
692:peer-to-peer
689:
646:
604:created the
595:
584:
578:
572:
566:
560:
554:
548:
542:
536:
533:Design goals
523:
519:capabilities
515:access lists
498:
497:
368:
337:
324:serializable
307:
305:
295:
282:on multiple
271:
267:
265:
250:
232:
223:
216:Please help
212:
201:
171:
162:
152:
145:
138:
131:
119:
107:Please help
102:verification
99:
75:
68:
62:
61:Please help
58:
32:Data cluster
2633:Permissions
2248:Specialized
1480:distributed
1343:panasas.com
1012:Concurrency
995:measurement
992:performance
986:Performance
937:(used with
929:(used with
843:ObjectiveFS
773:(Microsoft)
721:, WekaFS,
640:(NCP), and
612:as part of
573:Scalability
470:VMware VMFS
432:File System
411:File System
316:block level
276:file system
220:if you can.
2753:Categories
2659:Interfaces
2643:Sticky bit
2523:Versioning
2488:Journaling
2431:Rubberhose
2227:SMB (CIFS)
2019:host-side
1348:2023-10-12
1324:2023-10-12
1152:. Dell Inc
1128:References
400:Microsoft
364:InfiniBand
288:clustering
135:newspapers
64:improve it
2518:Synthetic
2461:Clustered
2408:Encrypted
2339:OverlayFS
1948:ISO 13490
1524:Amiga OFS
1519:Amiga FFS
990:A common
964:data loss
865:(Panasas)
790:(Red Hat)
788:GlusterFS
725:, PanFS,
657:System/38
653:System/36
647:In 1986,
407:DataPlow
348:HyperSCSI
328:data loss
70:talk page
2603:Symbolic
2532:Features
2508:Semantic
2416:eCryptfs
2360:configfs
2329:SquashFS
2217:POHMELFS
2118:OrangeFS
1943:ISO 9660
1863:UFS/UFS2
1811:Reliance
1799:ReiserFS
1645:Files-11
1539:bcachefs
1496:Disk and
1049:See also
1006:software
895:XtreemFS
891:(WekaIO)
881:SMB/CIFS
854:OrangeFS
821:LizardFS
741:Examples
715:CIFS/SMB
507:protocol
447:Red Hat
442:StorNext
430:Files-11
373:Examples
202:require
2721:Layouts
2707:Default
2370:debugfs
2344:UnionFS
2238:more...
2171:OpenAFS
2139:more...
1804:Reiser4
1774:OpenZFS
1665:HAMMER2
1621:ext3cow
1601:Episode
1391:6 March
1318:weka.io
1296:Bibcode
1272:6 March
1219:4 March
1156:6 March
1116:CacheFS
1043:OpenVMS
1039:TOPS-20
1029:History
1023:locking
837:MooseFS
832:MapR FS
783:GfarmFS
777:Infinit
754:Alluxio
719:DCE/DFS
636:(AFP),
632:(AFS),
592:History
487:HAMMER2
439:Quantum
427:OpenVMS
354:(AoE),
332:fencing
310:uses a
284:servers
280:mounted
274:) is a
204:cleanup
149:scholar
2594:Links
2568:Extent
2498:Object
2466:Global
2384:specfs
2380:procfs
2375:kernfs
2353:Pseudo
2334:UMSDOS
2289:Davfs2
2284:cramfs
2222:Hadoop
2202:Lustre
2088:BeeGFS
2054:NILFS2
1789:QNX4FS
1752:NILFS2
1660:HAMMER
1650:Fossil
1369:
1182:8 June
889:WekaFS
875:RozoFS
827:Lustre
765:CephFS
759:BeeGFS
723:Lustre
681:FlexOS
669:AS/400
614:DECnet
477:Apple
474:WekaFS
451:(GFS2)
423:(OCFS)
417:(GPFS)
382:(BWFS)
362:, and
151:
144:
137:
130:
122:
2694:Lists
2638:Modes
2483:Flash
2454:Types
2436:SSHFS
2421:EncFS
2398:WinFS
2393:tmpfs
2388:sysfs
2365:devfs
2299:FTPFS
2294:EROFS
2232:SSHFS
2113:OCFS2
2066:UBIFS
2061:YAFFS
2049:NILFS
2044:LogFS
2039:JFFS2
1995:EROFS
1985:exFAT
1890:Xiafs
1873:WAPBL
1858:UBIFS
1769:OneFS
1747:NILFS
1742:Next3
1732:MINIX
1638:exFAT
1566:Btrfs
1534:AthFS
1514:AdvFS
1262:(PDF)
1244:(PDF)
1213:(PDF)
1202:(PDF)
1176:(PDF)
1146:(PDF)
863:PanFS
848:OneFS
817:iRODS
802:(IBM)
409:Nasan
404:(CSV)
344:iSCSI
156:JSTOR
142:books
2598:Hard
2590:Fork
2471:Grid
2324:MVFS
2319:NOVA
2314:LTFS
2309:Lnfs
2304:FUSE
2274:CDfs
2264:AXFS
2259:Aufs
2197:GPFS
2182:Coda
2133:Xsan
2123:PVFS
2103:GFS2
2098:CXFS
2093:Ceph
2034:JFFS
2029:CHFS
2010:NVFS
2000:F2FS
1990:TFAT
1975:APFS
1965:and
1909:z/OS
1900:Xsan
1885:WAFL
1880:VxFS
1853:Tux3
1843:SNFS
1825:SFS
1794:ReFS
1764:NTFS
1716:MFS
1702:HTFS
1697:HPFS
1692:HFS+
1655:GPFS
1626:ext4
1616:ext3
1611:ext2
1585:EFS
1576:CXFS
1571:CVFS
1558:z/VM
1543:BFS
1529:APFS
1509:ADFS
1393:2019
1367:ISBN
1274:2019
1221:2019
1184:2006
1158:2019
1121:RAID
1041:and
978:and
941:and
919:UNIX
812:IPFS
806:HDFS
800:GPFS
731:Mnet
711:Coda
675:and
661:CICS
596:The
479:Xsan
454:Sun
390:CXFS
340:SCSI
128:news
2441:ZFS
2426:EFS
2212:NFS
2207:NCP
2187:DFS
2177:AFP
2167:AFS
2154:NAS
2128:QFS
2005:JFS
1980:FAT
1967:SSD
1953:UDF
1938:HSF
1919:Sun
1915:ZFS
1905:zFS
1895:XFS
1821:RFS
1784:QFS
1779:PFS
1759:NSS
1712:LFS
1707:JFS
1686:MVS
1682:HFS
1672:HFS
1633:FAT
1606:ext
1581:DFS
1037:'s
1021:or
999:CPU
945:).
939:OES
935:NCP
927:AFP
915:NFS
794:GFS
707:AFS
677:VSE
673:MVS
649:IBM
517:or
456:QFS
272:CFS
111:by
2755::
2162:9P
1830:VM
1395:.
1365:.
1341:.
1316:.
1276:.
1264:.
1229:^
1204:.
1148:.
1008:.
982:.
737:.
733:,
729:,
717:,
713:,
709:,
705:,
703:9P
667:,
655:,
366:.
358:,
350:,
346:,
342:,
306:A
266:A
73:.
2173:)
2169:(
1921:)
1917:(
1911:)
1907:(
1832:)
1688:)
1684:(
1678:)
1674:(
1560:)
1456:e
1449:t
1442:v
1373:.
1351:.
1327:.
1302:.
1298::
1223:.
1186:.
1160:.
392:)
270:(
257:)
251:(
239:)
233:(
228:)
224:(
178:)
172:(
167:)
163:(
153:·
146:·
139:·
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41:.
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