41:
1180:
253:
giving the tribe autonomy, and Frans Kwaku, the leader of the expedition to
Paramaribo, was officially appointed granman by the Governor. In 1879, a group of about 90 Paramaccans led by Apensa created a settlement on an island in the
1101:
40:
1094:
1442:
1456:
237:
The total population in 2014 was estimated at 11,000 people with 4,300 people living in the tribal areas in
Suriname, and 1,000 living in the interior of French Guiana.
1087:
1422:
872:
1427:
1468:
380:
667:
1122:
1266:
808:
1437:
1029:
865:
1473:
889:
823:
550:
249:
reported that the tribe had established villages near the
Paramacca Creek. In 1872, they had signed a peace treaty with the
1110:
1432:
1501:
1223:
498:
1304:
858:
423:
335:
231:
1326:
1233:
1228:
132:
245:
The
Paramaccans were runaway slaves from the Handtros or Entros plantation who fled around 1830. In 1856, the
814:
360:
Brother Mambo: Finding Africa in the Amazon, JD Lenoir with Phil Ceder (Kutukutu), Black Rose Writer, 2022.
265:
146:
1259:
230:(paramount chief) of the Paramaccan people. The tribe controls 13 villages in Suriname, and the village of
1068:
250:
384:
1052:
727:
1379:
524:
1194:
1024:
839:
659:
1463:
1334:
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323:
157:
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289:
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1252:
1047:
1039:
1006:
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281:
1451:
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1199:
1079:
1019:
964:
956:
354:
329:
269:
255:
183:
1359:
1169:
1159:
1130:
979:
929:
897:
285:
246:
1179:
1490:
1354:
1344:
1209:
1152:
1142:
1114:
984:
974:
939:
924:
914:
909:
840:"De Brunswijk-opstand: Antropologische kanttekeningen bij de Surinaamse burgeroorlog"
293:
203:
191:
119:
810:
Conference on
Slavery, Indentured Labour, Migration, Diaspora and Identity Formation
446:
946:
472:
341:
301:
215:
103:
1164:
317:
219:
164:
764:
592:
1389:
649:, p. 19, :"Original publication:Koloniaal Verslag van 1872 page 543"
401:
206:. The Paramaccan signed a peace treaty in 1872 granting the tribe autonomy.
199:
66:
391:. New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids Volume 87: Issue 3-4.
308:
languages. The language had an estimated 2,000 to 3,000 speakers in 1991.
1384:
1374:
1349:
1319:
1297:
1214:
994:
195:
70:
605:
17:
1275:
225:
1135:
902:
305:
297:
850:
660:"Encyclopaedie van Nederlandsch West-Indië - Page 155 - Boschnegers"
292:, and other languages. It is similar to the languages spoken by the
280:
Paramaccan is also the eponymous term for their language, which is
1339:
1204:
969:
107:
630:
628:
1248:
1083:
854:
796:
The Life of
Language. Dynamics of language contact in Suriname
259:
223:
162:
130:
1244:
258:
near the mouth of the
Paramacca Creek. The town was named
272:, which resulted in a large migration to French Guiana.
385:"The Maroon Population Explosion: Suriname and Guyane"
214:
The administrative centre for the tribe is located in
525:"Bestuurscentra Sipaliwini bouwtechnisch opgeleverd"
1407:
1282:
1187:
1121:
1061:
1038:
1005:
955:
888:
156:
129:
113:
97:
87:
79:
65:
60:
50:
45:
689:
824:"Planning Office Suriname - Districts 2009-2013"
646:
634:
619:
304:. Paramaccan is the youngest of the Surinamese
802:(Thesis). Utrecht: Radboud University Nijmegen.
441:
439:
437:
424:"Pamaka stam in Suriname heeft nieuwe granman"
1260:
1095:
866:
8:
375:
373:
33:
807:Marten, J.; Schalkwijk, W. (19 June 2018).
578:
1267:
1253:
1245:
1102:
1088:
1080:
873:
859:
851:
39:
32:
604:
593:"Les maisons des Noirs marrons de Guyane"
400:
194:tribe living in the forested interior of
27:Maroon ethnic group of northeast Suriname
218:, but the main village of the resort is
599:. Le patrimoine rural. 2004 #5 (5): 4.
369:
202:resort, and the western border area of
751:
713:
701:
551:"Planning Office Suriname - Districts"
126:
499:"Paamaka en Ndyuka leggen grens vast"
7:
732:Digital Library for Dutch Literature
668:Digital Library for Dutch Literature
61:Regions with significant populations
222:which is also the residence of the
728:"Syntactic Developments in Sranan"
25:
838:Thoden van Velzen, Bonno (1988).
300:, and mutually intelligible with
268:, the Paramaccans sided with the
1178:
846:(in Dutch). Sociologische Gids.
234:in neighbouring French Guiana.
260:
224:
163:
131:
1:
591:Mallé, Marie-Pascale (2004).
1423:British and French Caribbean
647:Marten & Schalkwijk 2018
635:Marten & Schalkwijk 2018
620:Marten & Schalkwijk 2018
284:-based with influences from
503:Regional Development.gov.sr
1518:
1428:Spanish New World colonies
264:(Long Island). During the
1176:
402:10.1163/22134360-12340110
141:
118:
102:
92:
55:
38:
831:Planning Office Suriname
558:Planning Office Suriname
137:of the Paramaccan people
844:University of Groningen
815:Anton de Kom University
726:Jacques Arends (1989).
266:Surinamese Interior War
1474:Quilombola territories
1469:Quilombola communities
1111:Ancestry and ethnicity
793:Borges, Roger (2014).
765:"Languages of Surinam"
690:Thoden van Velzen 1988
147:Jozef Misajere Forster
473:"Distrikt Sipaliwini"
451:Populations de Guyane
389:New West Indian Guide
114:Related ethnic groups
822:Plan Bureau (2014).
1414:History of slavery
606:10.4000/insitu.2373
80:Urban French Guiana
56:11,000 (2014, est.)
35:
1502:Surinamese Maroons
1464:Haitian Revolution
1305:Great Dismal Swamp
1484:
1483:
1242:
1241:
1077:
1076:
882:Surinamese people
290:African languages
172:
171:
125:
124:
16:(Redirected from
1509:
1443:colonial history
1269:
1262:
1255:
1246:
1182:
1104:
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1090:
1081:
875:
868:
861:
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847:
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818:
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780:
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755:
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743:
742:
740:
738:
723:
717:
711:
705:
699:
693:
687:
681:
680:
678:
676:
671:(in Dutch). 1916
664:
656:
650:
644:
638:
632:
623:
617:
611:
610:
608:
588:
582:
579:Plan Bureau 2014
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443:
432:
431:
420:
414:
413:
411:
409:
404:
395:(3–4): 323–327.
377:
263:
229:
198:, mainly in the
168:
136:
127:
51:Total population
43:
36:
21:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1487:
1486:
1485:
1480:
1452:Slave rebellion
1403:
1293:Black Seminoles
1278:
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1117:
1108:
1078:
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444:
435:
422:
421:
417:
407:
405:
379:
378:
371:
366:
355:Ndyuka language
351:
338:(French Guiana)
314:
278:
270:Jungle Commando
256:Marowijne River
243:
212:
152:
151:since 2020
150:
149:
145:
46:
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1515:
1513:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1489:
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1479:
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1459:
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1411:
1409:
1408:Related topics
1405:
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1289:United States
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1189:
1188:Non-Indigenous
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1062:South American
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756:
754:, p. 187.
744:
718:
716:, p. 167.
706:
704:, p. 124.
694:
692:, p. 215.
682:
651:
639:
624:
612:
583:
581:, p. 169.
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247:August Kappler
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1457:United States
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1283:Ethnic groups
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1137:
1134:
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1132:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1115:French Guiana
1112:
1105:
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1098:
1093:
1091:
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1070:
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748:
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733:
729:
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719:
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707:
703:
698:
695:
691:
686:
683:
670:
669:
661:
655:
652:
648:
643:
640:
637:, p. 19.
636:
631:
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382:
381:Richard Price
376:
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262:
257:
252:
248:
240:
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233:
228:
227:
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217:
209:
207:
205:
204:French Guiana
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
167:
166:
161:
159:
155:
148:
140:
135:
134:
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91:
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78:
74:
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68:
64:
59:
54:
49:
42:
37:
19:
1364:
989:
843:
830:
809:
795:
787:Bibliography
772:. Retrieved
768:
759:
747:
735:. Retrieved
731:
721:
709:
697:
685:
673:. Retrieved
666:
654:
642:
622:, p. 3.
615:
596:
586:
574:
562:. Retrieved
557:
545:
533:. Retrieved
528:
519:
507:. Retrieved
502:
493:
481:. Retrieved
476:
467:
455:. Retrieved
450:
427:
418:
406:. Retrieved
392:
388:
359:
342:Snesiekondre
302:Sranan Tongo
279:
251:Dutch colony
244:
236:
216:Snesiekondre
213:
187:
179:
175:
173:
104:Christianity
30:Ethnic group
833:(in Dutch).
769:Suriname.nu
752:Borges 2014
714:Borges 2014
702:Borges 2014
529:Star Nieuws
477:Suriname.nu
453:(in French)
430:(in Dutch).
318:Langatabiki
261:Langatabiki
220:Langatabiki
165:Langatabiki
1491:Categories
1390:Quilombola
1365:Paramaccan
1123:Indigenous
1053:Portuguese
990:Paramaccan
890:Indigenous
560:(in Dutch)
531:(in Dutch)
505:(in Dutch)
479:(in Dutch)
364:References
344:(Suriname)
336:Providence
332:(Suriname)
326:(Suriname)
320:(Suriname)
232:Providence
176:Paramaccan
93:Paramaccan
34:Paramaccan
1399:Mauritius
1316:Honduras
1224:Brazilian
1069:Brazilian
428:Waterkant
200:Paramacca
158:Residence
144:Incumbent
88:Languages
67:Paramacca
1497:Paramaka
1385:Quilombo
1375:Kalungas
1350:Saramaka
1335:Suriname
1331:Guianas
1320:Garifuna
1298:Mascogos
1234:Javanese
1215:Saramaka
1040:European
1025:Javanese
995:Saramaka
383:(2013).
349:See also
324:Lokaloka
312:Villages
276:Language
210:Overview
196:Suriname
190:) are a
180:Paramaka
98:Religion
71:Suriname
18:Paramaka
1380:Macombo
1371:Brazil
1360:Matawai
1312:Jamaica
1276:Maroons
1200:Maroons
1195:African
1170:Wayampi
1160:Palikur
1148:Kali'na
1015:Chinese
980:Matawai
965:Maroons
957:African
930:Sikiana
925:Saloema
920:Kali'na
774:20 July
737:20 July
675:20 July
597:In Situ
457:20 July
447:"Pamak"
408:25 July
282:English
241:History
226:granman
133:Granman
1418:Brazil
1355:Kwinti
1345:Ndyuka
1327:Panama
1229:Indian
1210:Ndyuka
1153:Wayana
1136:Lokono
1131:Arawak
1030:Jewish
1020:Indian
985:Ndyuka
975:Kwinti
940:Wayana
935:Tiriyó
915:Akurio
903:Lokono
898:Arawak
564:23 May
535:23 May
509:23 May
483:23 May
306:pidgin
298:Kwinti
294:Ndyuka
192:Maroon
184:French
120:Ndyuka
1438:Trade
1340:Aluku
1205:Aluku
1143:Carib
1048:Dutch
1007:Asian
970:Aluku
947:Warao
910:Carib
827:(PDF)
800:(PDF)
663:(PDF)
554:(PDF)
330:Nason
286:Dutch
188:Pamak
108:Winti
83:3,900
75:4,300
1165:Teko
776:2020
739:2020
677:2020
566:2020
537:2020
511:2020
485:2020
459:2020
410:2020
296:and
174:The
1113:in
601:doi
397:doi
178:or
1493::
842:.
829:.
813:.
767:.
730:.
665:.
627:^
595:.
556:.
527:.
501:.
475:.
449:.
436:^
426:.
393:87
387:.
372:^
288:,
186::
106:,
69:,
1268:e
1261:t
1254:v
1103:e
1096:t
1089:v
874:e
867:t
860:v
817:.
778:.
741:.
679:.
609:.
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