54:
244:, requiring treatments to vary from case to case. Rehabilitation aims to help the patient regain as much functionality and independence as possible. Physiotherapy may help to improve strength, range of motion, stretching and transfer skills. Most paraplegics will be reliant on a wheelchair as a mode of transportation.
231:
classifies spinal cord injury severity in the following manner. ASIA A is the complete loss of sensory function and motor skills below the injury. ASIA B is having some sensory function below the injury, but no motor function. In ASIA C, there is some motor function below the level of injury, but
280:
Fidyka regained sensory and motor function in his lower limbs, notably on the side of the transplanted OEC's. Fidyka first noticed the success three months after the procedure, when his left thigh started gaining muscle mass. MRIs suggest that the gap in his spinal cord has been closed up. He is
276:
In 2014, Fidyka underwent pioneering spinal surgery that used nerve grafts, from his ankle, to 'bridge the gap' in his severed spinal cord and OEC's to stimulate the spinal cord cells. The surgery was performed in Poland in collaboration with Prof. Geoff
Raisman, chair of neural regeneration at
542:
The 38-year-old, who is believed to be the first person in the world to recover from complete severing of the spinal nerves, can now walk with a frame and has been able to resume an independent life, even to the extent of driving a car, while sensation has returned to his lower
277:
University
College London's Institute of Neurology, and his research team. The olfactory cells were taken from the patient's olfactory bulbs in his brain and then grown in the lab, these cells were then injected above and below the impaired spinal tissue.
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252:(SCI). With the aid of physiotherapists and occupational therapists, individuals with an SCI can learn new skills and adapt previous ones to maximize independence, often living independently within the community.
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half of the muscles cannot move against gravity. In ASIA D, more than half of the muscles below the level of injury can move against gravity. ASIA E is the restoration of all neurologic function.
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368:"The SCIRehab project: treatment time spent in SCI rehabilitation. Physical therapy treatment time during inpatient spinal cord injury rehabilitation"
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Tzonichaki I, Kleftaras G (2002). "Paraplegia from spinal cord injury: self-esteem, loneliness, and life satisfaction".
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believed to be the first person in the world to recover sensory function from a complete severing of the spinal nerves.
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356:(PDF). American Spinal Injury Association & ISCOS. Archived from the original on June 18, 2011
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or quadriplegia is the correct term. If only one limb is affected, the correct term is
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269:(OEC) have been transplanted with success into the spinal cord of a Polish man named
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192:. The area of the spinal canal that is affected in paraplegia is either the
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273:, who was the survivor of a knife attack that left him paraplegic in 2010.
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530:"Paralysed man Darek Fidyka walks again after pioneering surgery"
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Taylor-Schroeder S, LaBarbera J, McDowell S, et al. (2011).
61:
A man with traumatic hematomyelia after the fracture of the 11th
819:
799:
680:
649:
571:
102:
87:
417:"SCIRehab Project series: the occupational therapy taxonomy"
354:"Standard Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury"
27:
Impairment of motor and sensory functions in the lower limbs
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90:
65:. A line drawn over his navel marks the area of anesthesia.
248:(ADLs) can be quite challenging at first for those with a
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condition that affects the neural (brain) elements of the
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Individuals with paraplegia can range in their level of
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204:regions. If four limbs are affected by paralysis,
504:"Paralysed man walks again after cell transplant"
175:
415:Ozelie R, Sipple C, Foy T, et al. (2009).
170:of the lower extremities. The word comes from
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262:Spinal cord injury § Research directions
8:
1415:Cerebral palsy and other paralytic syndromes
180:) "half-stricken". It is usually caused by
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654:
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577:
466:OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health
52:
43:
440:
391:
346:
220:of the affected muscles, rather than
7:
130:Physical medicine and rehabilitation
216:is a form of paraplegia defined by
718:Festinating gait/Parkinsonian gait
329:Sexuality after spinal cord injury
229:American Spinal Injury Association
25:
1312:Overpronation/Flexible flat feet
384:10.1179/107902611x12971826988057
77:
256:Regeneration of the spinal cord
433:10.1080/10790268.2009.11760782
1:
763:Myopathic gait/Waddling gait
528:Quinn B (21 October 2014).
502:Walsh F (21 October 2014).
334:Spinal cord injury research
267:Olfactory ensheathing cells
1436:
478:10.1177/153944920202200302
259:
246:Activities of daily living
176:
29:
1164:Lower motor neuron lesion
1159:Upper motor neuron lesion
964:Myotonia / Pseudomyotonia
679:relating to movement and
146:conditions affecting the
60:
51:
30:Not to be confused with
317:Regeneration in humans
312:Hughes-Stovin syndrome
162:, is an impairment in
1271:Boutonniere deformity
297:Cauda equina syndrome
1342:Clasp-knife response
1374:Conversion disorder
1276:Swan neck deformity
1199:Locomotive syndrome
1111:Spastic paraplegia
1101:Spastic paraplegia
1096:Periodic paralysis
1005:Abnormal posturing
870:Dysdiadochokinesia
806:Asynchronous gait
768:Trendelenburg gait
728:Marche à petit pas
677:Signs and symptoms
568:Types of Paralysis
559:Spinal Cord Injury
292:Adapted automobile
250:spinal cord injury
214:Spastic paraplegia
182:spinal cord injury
140:Spinal cord injury
1402:
1401:
1091:Flaccid paralysis
912:Abnormal movement
902:Hemimotor neglect
860:Cerebellar ataxia
810:Gunslinger's gait
708:Cerebellar ataxia
643:
642:
532:. theguardian.com
421:J Spinal Cord Med
372:J Spinal Cord Med
222:flaccid paralysis
153:
152:
63:thoracic vertebra
41:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
1427:
1106:Spastic diplegia
1073:Tonic immobility
1065:Waxy flexibility
1009:Stooped posture
815:Hemiparetic gait
796:Asymmetric gait
695:Gait abnormality
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168:sensory function
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1369:Motion sickness
1302:Rachitic rosary
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1239:Joint stiffness
1214:Range of motion
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1171:Sleep paralysis
1155:General causes
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753:Vestibular gait
733:Propulsive gait
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563:The Mayo Clinic
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887:Sensory ataxia
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875:Pronator drift
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748:Truncal ataxia
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581:Classification
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572:Spinalcord.com
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553:External links
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1337:Hyperreflexia
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1249:Hypermobility
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1055:Joint locking
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825:Antalgic gait
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785:Steppage gait
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738:Stomping gait
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723:Magnetic gait
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472:(3): 96–103.
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427:(3): 283–97.
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378:(2): 149–61.
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70:Pronunciation
68:
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33:
19:
1332:Hyporeflexia
1227:Bethlem sign
1194:Gowers' sign
1149:Quadruplegia
1129:
1025:Opisthotonus
1018:Osteoporosis
1013:Camptocormia
955:Hyperkinesia
940:Fibrillation
847:Coordination
800:Leaping gait
743:Spastic gait
713:Choreic gait
703:Scissor gait
627:
608:
593:
541:
534:. Retrieved
508:. Retrieved
469:
465:
459:
424:
420:
410:
375:
371:
361:
349:
321:
307:Quadriplegia
279:
275:
271:Darek Fidyka
265:
239:
226:
190:spinal canal
159:
155:
154:
148:spinal canal
1420:Neurotrauma
1379:Shell shock
1354:Hypnic jerk
1254:Gorlin sign
1222:Contracture
1189:Hemiparesis
1145:Tetraplegia
959:Hypokinesia
880:Dyssynergia
790:Toe walking
773:Pigeon gait
506:. bbc.co.uk
206:tetraplegia
172:Ionic Greek
160:paraparesis
18:Parapalegic
1409:Categories
1317:Knock-knee
1135:Hemiplegia
1130:Paraplegia
1121:Monoplegia
1117:Syndromes
1050:Hypertonia
984:Echopraxia
974:Stereotypy
835:Lotus gait
831:Deformity
536:26 October
510:26 October
341:References
302:Hemiplegia
260:See also:
242:disability
218:spasticity
210:monoplegia
186:congenital
177:παραπληγίη
156:Paraplegia
144:congenital
47:Paraplegia
32:Hemiplegia
1389:Catatonia
1349:Shivering
1327:Back knee
1307:Flat feet
1281:Scoliosis
1244:Ankylosis
1232:Club foot
1140:Triplegia
1083:Paralysis
1069:Grimacing
1060:Catalepsy
998:Posturing
989:Echolalia
979:Akathisia
969:Hypotonia
950:Myoclonus
920:Athetosis
892:Asterixis
865:Dysmetria
780:Foot drop
759:Muscular
486:145347578
236:Treatment
125:Specialty
1286:Kyphosis
1181:Weakness
1126:Diplegia
945:Myokymia
451:19810630
402:21675354
285:See also
194:thoracic
36:Diplegia
1364:Vertigo
1035:Trismus
634:D010264
442:2718817
393:3066500
1384:Stupor
1204:Ptosis
1045:Tetany
930:Tremor
925:Chorea
897:Abasia
855:Ataxia
543:limbs.
484:
449:
439:
400:
390:
202:sacral
198:lumbar
136:Causes
116:
1295:Other
1040:Cramp
1030:Spasm
623:344.1
619:334.1
604:G82.1
482:S2CID
200:, or
184:or a
164:motor
158:, or
820:Limp
699:CNS
688:Gait
681:gait
629:MeSH
614:9-CM
538:2014
512:2014
447:PMID
398:PMID
227:The
1264:HSD
1259:EDS
610:ICD
595:ICD
570:at
561:at
474:doi
437:PMC
429:doi
388:PMC
380:doi
166:or
34:or
1411::
1147:/
1128:/
957:/
632::
621:,
617::
602::
599:10
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520:^
494:^
480:.
470:22
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435:.
425:32
423:.
419:.
396:.
386:.
376:34
374:.
370:.
224:.
212:.
196:,
142:,
106:dʒ
103:iː
88:ær
669:e
662:t
655:v
612:-
597:-
587:D
514:.
488:.
476::
453:.
431::
404:.
382::
174:(
112:/
109:ə
100:l
97:p
94:ˈ
91:ə
85:p
82:ˌ
79:/
38:.
20:)
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