20:
96:, mostly from ancient literature. As people from across Europe read the proverbs it contained, they often translated them into local languages, spreading them across Europe. This is the source of many English proverbs, including "In the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is king" from "In regione caecorum rex est luscus".
84:
Collecting proverbs in languages with a literate heritage is usually done by looking for examples in the available literature. There are published collections in many languages with long written traditions, Greek, Latin, Russian, French, German, Greek, Chinese, etc. In addition, there are published
144:
However, the collection and documentation of proverbs even in languages with a literate history is never completely done, new proverbs are constantly being created and old ones fall into disuse. No collection is either totally complete or up to date (Taylor 1969). An attempt to update the list of
66:
has been describe as "the oldest book in the world". Published collections of proverbs are formatted in a variety of ways. Some are simply alphabetized lists, some are arranged by topic (e.g. laziness, respect for elders), others are arranged by key word (e.g. dog, rain). Some are from single
110:
Collecting proverbs from speakers is best done in the language community's home area. However, proverbs have also been collected in emigrant communities, such as among the
Georgian-speaking community in Israel, the Assyrian community in California. and German speakers in Los Angeles.
121:
of
Afghanistan and Pakistan, even though he was in the USA. Another advantage of this method was that the members of the community also interacted with each other about their proverbs, tweeting comments and retweeting proverbsback and forth within the Pashto-speaking community.
107:. However, when scholars collect proverbs from languages without a literate history, it requires different approaches than for languages with a written heritage, such as methods described by Yankah (1989), Unseth (2008), and Tadesse Jaleta Jirata (2009).
362:
Twi mmebusem, mpensã-ahansĩa mmoaano: A collection of three thousand and six hundred Tshi proverbs, in use among the
Negroes of the Gold coast speaking the Asante and Fante language, collected, together with their variations, and alphabetically
99:
There are continuing efforts to collect proverbs not just from published sources, but from the speakers of languages. For example, there has been a project to collect proverbs from multiple generations of French speakers in
Belgium.
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There has been a call for collecting and documenting the proverbs of undocumented languages, especially those that are endangered (Himmelmann 1998), as part of the broader task of
137:
of
Malaysia and others. There is an ongoing series of collections of proverbs gathered from small languages of eastern Africa being published under the inspiration of
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languages (e.g. Russian), others are multilingual but from a single country (e.g. Nigeria), others are collections from around the world. Others are collections of
75:(Mieder and Kingsbury). Some collections are a combination of these, such as proverbs about women from around the world (Schipper 2003). Every year, the journal
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Many pioneering proverb collections having been collected and published by
Christian workers, both from within language communities, such as
149:
from 2012, which contains only proverbs documented after 1900, such as "If it ain't broke, don't fix it" and "Stop and smell the roses."
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195:
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has developed a method for collecting proverbs via social media. In this way, he was able to collect hundreds of proverbs from the
227:
211:
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rather than the more standard proverbs (Reznikov 2009). Some have collected proverbs and sayings of a certain structure, such as
268:
Bradbury, Nancy Mason. 2002. Transforming
Experience into Tradition: Two Theories of Proverb Use and Chaucer’s Practice.
242:
edited by
Hrisztalina Hrisztova-Gotthardt and Melita Aleksa Varga, p. 243-261. Berlin: De Gruyter Open. Online:
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collections from languages that do not have a long written tradition, such as Temne, Oromo, Bambara, Bassa.
62:
349:
81:
contains a listing of newly published (or newly discovered) collections of proverbs from around the world.
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544:
130:
532:
77:
539:
Unseth, Peter. 2008. How to collect 1,000 proverbs quickly: field methods for collecting proverbs.
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Peter Unseth. Comparing methods of collecting proverbs: Learning to value working with a community
134:
587:
512:
54:
463:, edited by Wolfgang Mieder and Dorothee Racett. (Sprichwörterforschung. Bd. 1.) Peter Lang.
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138:
46:. A recent introduction to the field has been written by Tamás Kispál. It is a sub-field of
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Galit Hasan-Rokem. 1994. Georgian proverbs of dialogue and dialogue of proverbs in Israel.
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520:
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Some scholars collect and list the proverbs used by certain authors or speakers, such as
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243:
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366:
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A listing of proverb collections from around the world has been published as
72:
530:
Taylor, Archer. 1969. How nearly complete are the collections of proverbs?
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Never marry a woman with big feet: Women in proverbs from around the world.
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Yankah, Kwesi. 1989. Proverbs: problems and strategies in field research.
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Black Sheep, Red
Herrings, and Blue Murder: The Proverbial Agatha Christie
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Proverbs and
Proverbial Expressions in the German Works of Martin Luther
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of Nigeria, and by those from outside the language communities, such as
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43:
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There are many published collection of proverbs, ranging from ancient
240:
Introduction to Paremiology. A Comprehensive Guide to Proverb Studies
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42:, "write, inscribe") is the study of the collection and writing of
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408:
Madras: Methodist Episcopal Publishing House and London: Trübner.
395:. (Dharma Dowali) Allahabad, India: Christian Literature Society.
506:. (Supplement series of Proverbium, 27.) University of Vermont.
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Proverbs of Africa: Human Nature in the Nigerian Oral Tradition.
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Charles Clay Doyle, Wolfgang Mieder, & Fred Shapiro. 2012.
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The most famous published collection of proverbs is the Latin
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572:
Website with collections of proverbs from eastern Africa
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Petrova, Roumyana. 2014. Contrastive study of proverbs.
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Books of proverb collections, examples of paremiography
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Old wine in new bottles: Modern Russian anti-proverbs
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Mieder, Wolfgang and Stewart Kingsbury (eds). 1994.
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Joyce Bynum. 1972. Syriac proverbs from California.
281:Marina GARCÍA YELO. El refranero hoy en Bélgica.
367:The Basel German Evangelical Missionary Society
16:Study of the collection and writing of proverbs
511:A contextual study of the social functions of
141:, published both in hard copy and on the web.
492:, 34.) Burlington, VT: University of Vermont.
259:St. Paul, MN: Professors World Peace Academy.
8:
567:calling for ongoing collecting of proverbs
486:International Bibliography of Paremiography
173:International Bibliography of Paremiography
406:A classified collection of Tamil proverbs.
323:German proverbs collected in Los Angeles.
60:to internet sites. The proverb collection
380:Sagesse Bambara - Proverbes et sentences
468:Documentary and descriptive linguistics
188:
214:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
198:, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott,
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338:Mataluna: 151 Afghan Pashto Proverbs
38:, "proverb, maxim, saw" and γράφω -
439:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
393:Hindi Arrows for the Preacher's Bow
272:, 17/2: 261-289, see p. 262, fn. 2.
499:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
228:Paremiography: Proverb Collections
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527:New Haven: Yale University Press.
437:The Dictionary of Modern Proverbs
382:. Bamako, Mali: Editions Donniya.
147:The Dictionary of Modern Proverbs
479:The Proverbial Abraham Lincoln
459:Cornette, James C., Jr. 1997.
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509:Tadesse Jaleta Jirata. 2009.
466:Himmelmann, Nikolaus. 1998.
325:California Folklore Quarterly
340:. Tampa, FL: Culture Direct.
255:Pachocinski, Ryszard. 1996.
360:Christaller, Johann. 1879.
145:recent English proverbs is
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517:. Saabruecken: DVM Verlag.
497:A dictionary of Wellerisms
391:Johnson, William F. 1892.
378:Bailleul, Charles. 2005.
50:, the study of proverbs.
502:Reznikov, Andrey. 2009.
488:. (Supplement Series of
484:Mieder, Wolfgang. 2011.
477:Mieder, Wolfgang. 2000.
452:Bryan, George B. 1993.
216:A Greek-English Lexicon
200:A Greek-English Lexicon
63:The Maxims of Ptahhotep
404:Jensen, Herman. 1897.
285:18: 2009, pp. 225-244.
105:language documentation
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336:Edward Zellem. 2014.
131:Samuel Ajayi Crowther
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244:Open Access version
164:(Mieder 2000), and
135:William Shellabear
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287:Electronic access
160:(Cornette 1997),
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545:Web version
474:36:161-195.
472:Linguistics
314:31: 87-101,
301:11:103-116.
127:Aster Ganno
48:paremiology
34:παροιμία -
553:6:165-176.
551:Proverbium
541:Proverbium
533:Proverbium
513:Guji-Oromo
490:Proverbium
299:Proverbium
183:References
78:Proverbium
73:wellerisms
563:Video of
365:. Basel:
588:Proverbs
582:Category
523:. 2003.
515:proverbs
363:arranged
196:παροιμία
55:Akkadian
44:proverbs
36:paroimía
283:Paremia
179:2011).
154:Chaucer
94:Erasmus
419:"Home"
90:Adagia
30:(from
212:γράφω
40:grafō
32:Greek
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