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1134:. Elections were fixed for the first Sunday in May of the third year of parliament. The first elections to the Riigikogu took place in 1920. From 1923 to 1932, there were four more elections to the Riigikogu. The elections were on a regional basis, without any threshold in the first two elections, but from 1926 a moderate threshold (2%) was used. The sessions of the Riigikogu take place in the
36:
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adopted in a referendum in the summer of the same year. The 1992 constitution, which incorporates elements of the 1920 and 1938 Constitutions and explicitly asserts its continuity with the
Estonian state as it existed between 1918 and 1940, sees the return of a unicameral parliament with 101 members.
682:. Among its other tasks, the Riigikogu also ratifies significant foreign treaties that impose military and proprietary obligations and bring about changes in law, as well as approves the budget presented by the government as law, and monitors the executive power.
180:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
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In 1933 amendments to the first
Constitution was approved by referendum, where more power was given to an executive President. The following year, the President
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In
September 1992, a year after Estonia had regained its independence from the Soviet Union, elections to the Parliament took place on the basis of the third
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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formula (the divisor is raised to the power 0.9). This modification makes for more disproportionality than does the usual form of the formula.
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The most recent parliamentary elections were held on 5 March 2023. The main differences between the current system and a pure
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing
Estonian Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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2898:) is the administration supporting the Riigikogu in the performance of its constitutional functions. The
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670:. In addition to approving legislation, the Parliament appoints high officials, including the
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was approved by referendum which saw the introduction of a two chambered legislature, the
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is considered the founding date of the
Parliament of Estonia. Established under the
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Chairman of the
Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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1195:(1944–1991) the Parliament was disbanded. The premises of the
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3104:"Eesti 200 leader Lauri Hussar elected Riigikogu speaker"
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where only individual candidates were allowed to run.
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2902:of the Chancellery perform the daily functions.
2424:The salary of the speaker is €8318.19 per month.
198:accompanying your translation by providing an
164:Click for important translation instructions.
151:expand this article with text translated from
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3965:
3252:
2565:Speakers of the Riigivolikogu (lower chamber)
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8:
2912:List of members of the Parliament of Estonia
2656:Chairman of the Supreme Council (1990–1992)
2623:Speaker of the Riiginõukogu (upper chamber)
1143:used these new powers to adjourn parliament
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2683:Speaker of the Supreme Council (1990–1992)
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1122:23 April 1919, the opening session of the
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2519:III Riigikogu, IV Riigikogu, V Riigikogu
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1178:Elections were subsequently held in 1938
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2346:Estonian Parliament after 2023 election
2281:Estonian Parliament after 2019 election
2206:Estonian Parliament after 2015 election
2151:Estonian Parliament after 2011 election
2076:Estonian Parliament after 2007 election
2001:Estonian Parliament after 2003 election
1916:Estonian Parliament after 1999 election
1831:Estonian Parliament after 1995 election
1726:Estonian Parliament after 1992 election
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2886:Established on October 5 of 1992, the
1668:Conservative People's Party of Estonia
1303:Conservative People's Party of Estonia
571:Party-list proportional representation
2555:28 September 1934 – 31 December 1937
1578:
1565:
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1203:during the second Soviet occupation.
1191:occupation (1941–44), and the second
1149:to avert an alleged coup. In 1937, a
7:
2947:from the original on 5 December 1998
2464:18 November 1921 – 20 November 1922
1592:Source: National Electoral Committee
1238:2023 Estonian parliamentary election
58:adding citations to reliable sources
5288:South African Republic (1857–1902)
2451:4 January 1921 – 18 November 1921
1636:Social Democratic Party of Estonia
1201:Supreme Soviet of the Estonian SSR
676:chief justice of the Supreme Court
25:
5273:Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
3160:. Maryland, US: Scarecrow Press.
3132:from the original on 6 April 2020
3001:from the original on 5 March 2023
1183:During the subsequent periods of
5207:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
4854:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
3158:Historical Dictionary of Estonia
3084:from the original on 6 June 2015
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2733:21 October 1992 – 21 March 1995
2588:21 April 1938 – 12 October 1939
1720:Structure of former legislatures
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1062:
702:
404:
138:
34:
27:Unicameral parliament of Estonia
5332:National bicameral legislatures
5319:List of legislatures by country
3980:National legislatures in Europe
2703:29 March 1990 – 5 October 1992
2676:29 March 1990 – 5 October 1992
2477:20 November 1922 – 7 June 1923
45:needs additional citations for
5368:1919 establishments in Estonia
5243:Confederate States (1861–1862)
4426:Federated States of Micronesia
3122:"Chancellery of the Riigikogu"
2824:18 March 2021 – 10 April 2023
2801:XII Riigikogu, XIII Riigikogu
2759:31 March 2003 – 23 March 2006
2746:21 March 1995 – 31 March 2003
2614:21 July 1940 – 25 August 1940
2601:17 October 1939 – 5 July 1940
1611:The seat allocation refers to
1048:Politics of the European Union
208:You may also add the template
1:
5263:Orange Free State (1854–1902)
2811:4 April 2019 – 18 March 2021
2798:20 March 2014 – 4 April 2019
2785:2 April 2007 – 20 March 2014
2772:23 March 2006 – 2 April 2007
2749:VIII Riigikogu, IX Riigikogu
2542:18 May 1933 – 29 August 1934
1124:Estonian Constituent Assembly
2888:Chancellery of the Riigikogu
2788:XI Riigikogu, XII Riigikogu
2646:21 April 1938 – 5 July 1940
2516:22 June 1926 – 19 July 1932
1224:, and the use of a modified
3453:Restoration of independence
3370:Declaration of Independence
2529:19 July 1932 – 18 May 1933
2503:9 June 1925 – 22 June 1926
1207:Restitution of independence
1132:proportional representation
1040:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
730:Declaration of Independence
221:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
210:{{Translated|et|Riigikogu}}
5404:
5253:Irish Republic (1919–1922)
5248:Czechoslovakia (1948–1969)
3448:Declaration of sovereignty
2490:7 June 1923 – 27 May 1925
1423:Estonian United Left Party
1235:
172:Machine translation, like
5327:
5144:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
3911:
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2420:Speakers of the Riigikogu
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1579:Registered voters/turnout
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238:State Assembly of Estonia
153:the corresponding article
5164:Turks and Caicos Islands
4524:Central African Republic
3541:Administrative divisions
2923:Citations and references
2837:10 April 2023 – present
1218:political representation
1008:Administrative divisions
5388:Unicameral legislatures
4979:Holy See (Vatican City)
3197:Riigkogu's election law
1599:Current seat allocation
1375:Social Democratic Party
1213:Constitution of Estonia
619:Parliament building in
575:Modified D'Hondt method
291:; 105 years ago
219:For more guidance, see
5383:Parliaments by country
5034:British Virgin Islands
4028:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3156:Miljan, Toivo (2004).
2991:"Eesti Vabariik kokku"
2895:
1608:
1187:occupation (1940–41),
655:, "of the state", and
532:European Union Affairs
302:; 31 years ago
5378:National legislatures
5373:Government of Estonia
5342:National upper houses
5337:National lower houses
4869:São Tomé and Príncipe
4431:Saint Kitts and Nevis
3397:Occupation of Estonia
3223:59.43583°N 24.73722°E
1606:
1327:Estonian Centre Party
1279:Estonian Reform Party
858:Chancellor of Justice
794:Government of Estonia
659:, "assembly") is the
192:copyright attribution
18:Parliament of Estonia
4436:United Arab Emirates
385:since 15 April 2024
372:Second Vice-Chairman
365:since 10 April 2023
345:since 10 April 2023
300:21 October 1992
54:improve this article
5238:Artsakh (1991–2023)
5169:U.S. Virgin Islands
4266:States with limited
3438:Government-in-exile
3375:War of Independence
3219: /
3074:"Riigikogu juhatus"
2896:Riigikogu Kantselei
1553:Invalid/blank votes
1243:
1155:Chamber of Deputies
1151:second constitution
695:Politics of Estonia
352:First Vice-Chairman
5283:Sikkim (1953–1975)
3679:Telecommunications
3443:Singing Revolution
3424:Estonian partisans
3345:Great Northern War
3228:59.43583; 24.73722
2866:. You can help by
1609:
1242:
1069:Estonia portal
289:23 April 1919
200:interlanguage link
5350:
5349:
5174:Wallis and Futuna
5006:other territories
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3735:Estonian language
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3593:Political parties
3556:Foreign relations
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3365:German occupation
3315:German Bishoprics
3021:"Salaries of MPS"
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1864:Coalition/Country
1827:
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1199:were used by the
1193:Soviet occupation
1128:1920 constitution
1115:
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1033:Foreign relations
882:Recent elections
878:Political parties
803:Incumbent cabinet
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16:(Redirected from
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5129:Saint Barthélemy
5124:Pitcairn Islands
5064:French Polynesia
5054:Falkland Islands
4834:Papua New Guinea
4754:Marshall Islands
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4304:Dependencies and
4240:Northern Ireland
3986:Sovereign states
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3500:Populated places
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3360:Age of Awakening
3305:Livonian Crusade
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3185:Official website
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3110:. 10 April 2023.
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1170:National Council
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637:www.riigikogu.ee
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544:National Defence
526:Economic Affairs
523:Cultural Affairs
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414:Political groups
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311:(re-established)
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178:Google Translate
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134:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
5403:
5402:
5398:
5397:
5396:
5394:
5393:
5392:
5353:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5323:
5314:Multicameralism
5292:
5226:
5202:Northern Cyprus
5178:
5005:
4998:
4909:Solomon Islands
4814:North Macedonia
4445:
4402:
4393:
4363:
4358:
4342:
4305:
4299:
4285:Northern Cyprus
4267:
4261:
4160:North Macedonia
3981:
3978:
3948:
3943:
3930:
3923:
3916:
3903:
3879:Public holidays
3759:
3693:
3622:
3611:
3583:Law enforcement
3519:
3505:Protected areas
3457:
3387:Interwar period
3380:Battle of Võnnu
3355:Russian Livonia
3350:Russian Estonia
3340:Swedish Estonia
3300:Ancient Estonia
3274:
3265:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3199:
3183:
3182:
3179:
3174:
3168:
3155:
3151:
3146:
3145:
3135:
3133:
3128:(in Estonian).
3120:
3119:
3115:
3102:
3101:
3097:
3087:
3085:
3072:
3071:
3028:
3019:
3018:
3014:
3004:
3002:
2989:
2988:
2984:
2976:
2972:
2964:
2960:
2950:
2948:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2925:
2908:
2880:
2874:
2871:
2864:needs expansion
2849:
2712:
2685:
2658:
2625:
2567:
2473:Konstantin Päts
2430:
2422:
2410:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2349:
2335:
2328:
2321:
2314:
2307:
2284:
2270:
2263:
2256:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2209:
2195:
2188:
2181:
2174:
2154:
2140:
2133:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2105:
2079:
2065:
2058:
2051:
2044:
2037:
2030:
2004:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1919:
1905:
1898:
1891:
1884:
1877:
1870:
1863:
1834:
1820:
1813:
1806:
1799:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1729:
1722:
1709:Mihhail Kõlvart
1645:Lauri Läänemets
1601:
1471:Estonian Greens
1240:
1234:
1232:Latest election
1209:
1157:
1120:
1111:
1082:
1078:Other countries
1063:
1061:
1060:
1053:
1052:
1044:
1035:
1025:
1024:
1010:
1000:
999:
994:
967:
940:
911:
873:
863:
862:
848:
838:
837:
820:
810:
809:
777:
767:
766:
750:
740:
739:
720:
697:
688:
599:By 7 March 2027
595:
583:
573:
567:
553:
538:Foreign Affairs
517:
516:
496:
487:
478:
469:
460:
455:Opposition (35)
444:
435:
426:
415:
386:
384:
373:
366:
364:
358:Toomas Kivimägi
353:
346:
344:
333:
306:
304:
301:
295:
293:
290:
276:
275:
243:
240:
239:
228:
227:
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209:
203:
166:
143:
139:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5401:
5399:
5391:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5355:
5354:
5348:
5347:
5345:
5344:
5339:
5334:
5328:
5325:
5324:
5322:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5300:
5298:
5294:
5293:
5291:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5258:Norfolk Island
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5234:
5232:
5228:
5227:
5225:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5188:
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5180:
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5177:
5176:
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5166:
5161:
5156:
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5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
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5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5056:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5039:Cayman Islands
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5010:
5008:
5000:
4999:
4997:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
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4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
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4776:
4771:
4766:
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4756:
4751:
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4706:
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4404:
4403:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4384:
4377:
4369:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4356:
4354:European Union
4350:
4348:
4347:Other entities
4344:
4343:
4341:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4309:
4307:
4306:other entities
4301:
4300:
4298:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4271:
4269:
4263:
4262:
4260:
4259:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4235:United Kingdom
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4048:Czech Republic
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3989:
3987:
3983:
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3979:
3977:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3954:
3945:
3944:
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3936:
3929:
3928:
3921:
3913:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3905:
3904:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
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3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3837:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3803:Estonian names
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3769:
3767:
3761:
3760:
3758:
3757:
3752:
3747:
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3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3711:
3705:
3699:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3669:Stock exchange
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3640:
3634:
3628:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3621:
3620:
3615:
3605:
3603:Prime Minister
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3574:
3573:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3537:
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3525:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3518:
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3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3480:Extreme points
3477:
3471:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3434:
3433:
3428:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3419:Ants Kaljurand
3411:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3394:
3392:Era of Silence
3389:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3335:Polish Livonia
3332:
3327:
3325:Baltic Germans
3322:
3320:Livonian Order
3317:
3312:
3310:Danish Estonia
3307:
3302:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3284:
3282:
3276:
3275:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3256:
3249:
3241:
3203:
3202:
3194:
3178:
3177:External links
3175:
3173:
3172:
3166:
3152:
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3147:
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3113:
3095:
3026:
3012:
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2970:
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2958:
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2827:XIV Riigikogu
2825:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2814:XIV Riigikogu
2812:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2799:
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2744:
2738:
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2736:VII Riigikogu
2734:
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2725:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2711:
2708:
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2704:
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2481:
2478:
2475:
2469:
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2452:
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2447:Otto Strandman
2443:
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2429:
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2185:
2178:
2170:
2169:
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2163:
2160:
2153:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2141:People's Union
2137:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2101:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2078:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2062:
2055:
2052:People's Union
2048:
2041:
2034:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2003:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1966:
1959:
1952:
1944:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1918:
1913:
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1728:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1717:
1716:
1715:Independents 8
1713:
1712:
1711:
1697:
1696:
1695:
1693:Urmas Reinsalu
1681:
1680:
1679:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1661:Margus Tsahkna
1649:
1648:
1647:
1633:
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1600:
1597:
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1236:Main article:
1233:
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1136:Toompea Castle
1119:
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1043:
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1036:
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1030:
1027:
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1020:Municipalities
1017:
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821:
816:
815:
812:
811:
808:
807:
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805:
797:
796:
791:
790:
789:
782:Prime Minister
778:
773:
772:
769:
768:
765:
764:
763:
762:
751:
746:
745:
742:
741:
738:
737:
732:
727:
721:
716:
715:
712:
711:
708:
707:
699:
698:
693:
687:
684:
672:prime minister
640:
639:
633:
632:
628:
627:
621:Toompea Castle
616:
615:
607:
606:
602:
601:
596:
593:
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584:
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560:
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555:
554:
552:
551:
550:Social Affairs
548:
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539:
536:
533:
530:
527:
524:
521:
520:Constitutional
514:
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510:
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467:
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110:September 2017
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13:
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9:
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4:
3:
2:
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5338:
5335:
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5320:
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5310:
5309:Tricameralism
5307:
5305:
5302:
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5299:
5295:
5289:
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5212:South Ossetia
5210:
5208:
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5203:
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5184:Non-UN states
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5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5114:New Caledonia
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5059:Faroe Islands
5057:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5014:Åland Islands
5012:
5011:
5009:
5007:
5004:Dependent and
5001:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4719:Liechtenstein
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4639:Guinea-Bissau
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4456:
4454:
4452:
4448:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4409:
4405:
4401:
4398:
4390:
4385:
4383:
4378:
4376:
4371:
4370:
4367:
4355:
4352:
4351:
4349:
4345:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4318:Faroe Islands
4316:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4302:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4290:South Ossetia
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4264:
4258:
4255:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4237:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4120:Liechtenstein
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
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4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3984:
3975:
3970:
3968:
3963:
3961:
3956:
3955:
3952:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3922:
3919:
3915:
3914:
3910:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3843:
3842:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3831:
3830:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3768:
3766:
3762:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3740:Ethnic groups
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3700:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3641:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3629:
3619:
3618:Supreme Court
3616:
3614:
3610:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3538:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3414:Guerrilla war
3412:
3410:
3407:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3381:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3289:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3262:
3257:
3255:
3250:
3248:
3243:
3242:
3239:
3235:
3232:
3198:
3195:
3192:
3186:
3181:
3180:
3176:
3169:
3167:0-8108-4904-6
3163:
3159:
3154:
3153:
3149:Cited sources
3148:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3117:
3114:
3109:
3105:
3099:
3096:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3069:
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3061:
3059:
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3045:
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3031:
3027:
3022:
3016:
3013:
3000:
2996:
2992:
2986:
2983:
2979:
2974:
2971:
2967:
2962:
2959:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2932:
2929:
2922:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2905:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2878:
2869:
2865:
2862:This section
2860:
2857:
2853:
2852:
2846:
2840:XV Riigikogu
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2807:Henn Põlluaas
2805:
2804:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2765:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2709:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2689:
2688:
2682:
2675:
2673:
2672:Arnold Rüütel
2670:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2655:
2649:VI Riigikogu
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2622:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2610:Arnold Veimer
2608:
2607:
2604:VI Riigikogu
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2591:VI Riigikogu
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2564:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2525:Jaan Tõnisson
2523:
2522:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2506:II Riigikogu
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2493:II Riigikogu
2492:
2489:
2487:
2486:Jaan Tõnisson
2484:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2457:
2453:
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2427:
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2419:
2413:
2408:
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2401:
2399:
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2373:
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2359:
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2326:
2324:
2319:
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2300:
2297:
2294:
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2287:
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2266:
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2259:
2254:
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2247:
2245:
2240:
2238:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2204:
2198:
2193:
2191:
2186:
2184:
2179:
2177:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2157:
2152:
2149:
2143:
2138:
2136:
2131:
2129:
2124:
2122:
2117:
2115:
2110:
2108:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2074:
2068:
2063:
2061:
2056:
2054:
2049:
2047:
2042:
2040:
2035:
2033:
2028:
2027:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2007:
2002:
1999:
1993:
1988:
1986:
1981:
1979:
1974:
1972:
1967:
1965:
1960:
1958:
1953:
1951:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1917:
1914:
1908:
1903:
1901:
1896:
1894:
1889:
1887:
1885:RKEI and ERSP
1882:
1880:
1875:
1873:
1868:
1866:
1861:
1860:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1829:
1823:
1818:
1816:
1811:
1809:
1804:
1802:
1797:
1795:
1790:
1788:
1783:
1781:
1779:Popular Front
1776:
1774:
1769:
1767:
1762:
1761:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1727:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1710:
1707:
1706:party leader:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1690:party leader:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1675:
1674:party leader:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1662:
1659:
1658:party leader:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1646:
1643:
1642:party leader:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1626:party leader:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1607:Session hall.
1605:
1598:
1584:
1581:
1571:
1568:
1558:
1555:
1545:
1542:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1518:
1510:
1507:
1504:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
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1411:
1408:
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1400:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
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1349:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1339:
1336:
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1328:
1325:
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1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1294:
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1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1254:
1250:
1245:
1239:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1214:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1166:Riigivolikogu
1161:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1145:and declared
1144:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1117:
1108:
1103:
1101:
1096:
1094:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1085:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1070:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1004:
1003:
991:
990:
986:
984:
981:
979:
975:
972:
971:
969:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
948:
945:
944:
942:
937:
936:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
919:
916:
915:
913:
908:
907:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
890:
887:
886:
884:
883:
881:
879:
876:
875:
872:
867:
866:
859:
856:
854:
853:Supreme Court
851:
850:
847:
842:
841:
832:
828:
827:
826:
823:
822:
819:
814:
813:
804:
801:
800:
799:
798:
795:
792:
788:
785:
784:
783:
780:
779:
776:
771:
770:
761:
758:
757:
756:
753:
752:
749:
744:
743:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
722:
719:
714:
713:
710:
709:
705:
701:
700:
696:
691:
685:
683:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
662:
658:
654:
651:
647:
638:
634:
629:
626:
622:
617:
613:
608:
605:Meeting place
603:
600:
597:
594:Next election
591:
588:
585:
582:Last election
579:
576:
572:
569:
566:
565:Voting system
561:
556:
549:
547:Rural Affairs
546:
543:
541:Legal Affairs
540:
537:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
515:11 Committees
511:
507:
501:
495:
492:
486:
483:
477:
474:
468:
465:
459:
458:
457:
456:
449:
443:
440:
434:
431:
425:
424:
423:
421:
417:
411:
407:
402:
398:
394:
389:
383:
379:
375:
369:
363:
359:
355:
349:
343:
339:
335:
329:
324:
321:
318:
314:
288:
284:
279:
274:
269:
265:
260:
256:
251:
246:
235:
222:
218:
215:
207:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
182:
179:
175:
171:
169:
168:
162:
160:(August 2023)
156:
154:
149:You can help
145:
136:
135:
132:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
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81:
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
5304:Bicameralism
5222:Transnistria
5149:Sint Maarten
5139:Saint Martin
5134:Saint Helena
5044:Cook Islands
4894:Sierra Leone
4874:Saudi Arabia
4593:
4514:Burkina Faso
4400:legislatures
4295:Transnistria
4257:Vatican City
4057:
3840:
3833:
3793:Coat of arms
3778:Architecture
3720:Demographics
3649:Central bank
3612:(parliament)
3608:
3607:
3566:Human rights
3546:Constitution
3431:Deportations
3409:World War II
3402:Estonian SSR
3330:Livonian War
3293:list of wars
3204:
3200:(in English)
3157:
3134:. Retrieved
3125:
3116:
3107:
3098:
3086:. Retrieved
3077:
3015:
3003:. Retrieved
2994:
2985:
2973:
2961:
2949:. Retrieved
2940:
2931:
2887:
2885:
2872:
2868:adding to it
2863:
2833:Lauri Hussar
2775:X Riigikogu
2768:Toomas Varek
2762:X Riigikogu
2723:Legislature
2636:Legislature
2578:Legislature
2558:V Riigikogu
2551:Rudolf Penno
2545:V Riigikogu
2538:Karl Einbund
2532:V Riigikogu
2512:Karl Einbund
2480:I Riigikogu
2467:I Riigikogu
2454:I Riigikogu
2441:Legislature
2423:
1793:Independence
1705:
1700:Centre Party
1689:
1677:Martin Helme
1673:
1657:
1641:
1625:
1620:Reform Party
1612:
1610:
1495:Independents
1447:Parempoolsed
1210:
1196:
1182:
1174:Riiginõukogu
1173:
1165:
1140:
1121:
988:
973:
946:
934:
918:Presidential
917:
905:
888:
831:Lauri Hussar
824:
735:Human rights
725:Constitution
656:
652:
645:
643:
587:5 March 2023
500:Independents
454:
453:
418:
338:Lauri Hussar
248:XV Riigikogu
196:edit summary
187:
158:
150:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
4799:New Zealand
4684:South Korea
4679:North Korea
4584:El Salvador
4459:Afghanistan
4333:Isle of Man
4268:recognition
4220:Switzerland
4155:Netherlands
3654:e-Residency
3644:Agriculture
3226: /
2978:Miljan 2004
2966:Miljan 2004
2951:17 December
2937:"Riigikogu"
2900:departments
2847:Chancellery
2794:Eiki Nestor
2742:Toomas Savi
2642:Mihkel Pung
2584:Jüri Uluots
2038:Res Publica
1652:Estonia 200
1629:Kaja Kallas
1566:Total votes
1540:Valid votes
1351:Estonia 200
1158: [
1147:martial law
818:Legislature
787:Kaja Kallas
529:Environment
342:Estonia 200
155:in Estonian
69:"Riigikogu"
5357:Categories
5231:Historical
5109:Montserrat
4889:Seychelles
4864:San Marino
4789:Mozambique
4784:Montenegro
4759:Mauritania
4729:Luxembourg
4694:Kyrgyzstan
4574:East Timor
4539:Costa Rica
4519:Cape Verde
4489:Bangladesh
4484:Azerbaijan
4397:unicameral
4190:San Marino
4150:Montenegro
4130:Luxembourg
4110:Kazakhstan
4013:Azerbaijan
3894:Television
3874:Newspapers
3841:Kalevipoeg
3828:Literature
3745:Healthcare
3561:Government
3214:24°44′14″E
3211:59°26′09″N
2875:March 2020
2820:Jüri Ratas
2710:Since 1992
2499:August Rei
2460:Juhan Kukk
2059:Pro Patria
1956:Pro Patria
1168:) and the
760:Alar Karis
748:Presidency
664:parliament
661:unicameral
509:Committees
420:Government
378:Arvo Aller
326:Leadership
307:1992-10-21
296:1919-04-23
273:Unicameral
80:newspapers
5363:Riigikogu
5089:Hong Kong
5074:Greenland
5069:Gibraltar
4914:Sri Lanka
4899:Singapore
4824:Palestine
4804:Nicaragua
4764:Mauritius
4724:Lithuania
4629:Guatemala
4441:Venezuela
4395:National
4323:Gibraltar
4125:Lithuania
3859:Mythology
3823:Languages
3730:Estonians
3725:Education
3689:Transport
3664:Oil shale
3609:Riigikogu
3598:President
3551:Elections
3463:Geography
3126:Riigikogu
3078:Riigikogu
2995:Valimised
2941:Riigikogu
2781:Ene Ergma
2755:Ene Ergma
2729:Ülo Nugis
2699:Ülo Nugis
2597:Otto Pukk
2428:1921–1937
2066:Moderates
1977:Coalition
1970:Moderates
1892:Moderates
1786:Moderates
1772:Safe Home
1222:threshold
1197:Riigikogu
947:Municipal
889:Riigikogu
871:Elections
846:Judiciary
829:Speaker:
825:Riigikogu
775:Executive
755:President
680:president
646:Riigikogu
558:Elections
391:Structure
320:1940–1991
316:Disbanded
242:Riigikogu
214:talk page
5268:Scotland
5192:Abkhazia
5084:Guernsey
5019:Anguilla
4934:Tanzania
4919:Suriname
4904:Slovakia
4844:Portugal
4779:Mongolia
4739:Maldives
4674:Kiribati
4649:Honduras
4569:Dominica
4564:Djibouti
4509:Bulgaria
4499:Botswana
4328:Guernsey
4275:Abkhazia
4245:Scotland
4205:Slovenia
4200:Slovakia
4175:Portugal
4033:Bulgaria
3934:Category
3818:Internet
3813:Folklore
3750:Religion
3674:Taxation
3588:Military
3529:Politics
3288:Timeline
3272:articles
3136:21 March
3130:Archived
3082:Archived
2999:Archived
2945:Archived
2906:See also
2892:Estonian
1613:de facto
1015:Counties
974:European
650:Estonian
332:Chairman
190:provide
5297:Related
5159:Tokelau
5099:Madeira
5049:Curaçao
4984:Vietnam
4974:Vanuatu
4969:Ukraine
4949:Tunisia
4879:Senegal
4769:Moldova
4709:Lebanon
4659:Iceland
4654:Hungary
4614:Georgia
4604:Finland
4594:Estonia
4589:Eritrea
4579:Ecuador
4559:Denmark
4544:Croatia
4479:Armenia
4469:Andorra
4464:Albania
4451:Unitary
4416:Comoros
4408:Federal
4230:Ukraine
4180:Romania
4140:Moldova
4098:Ireland
4093:Iceland
4088:Hungary
4078:Germany
4073:Georgia
4063:Finland
4058:Estonia
4053:Denmark
4038:Croatia
4023:Belgium
4018:Belarus
4008:Austria
4003:Armenia
3998:Andorra
3993:Albania
3918:Outline
3899:Theatre
3869:Symbols
3798:Cuisine
3765:Culture
3703:Society
3684:Tourism
3632:Economy
3490:Islands
3475:Climate
3280:History
3268:Estonia
3088:18 June
3005:5 March
2720:Period
2693:Period
2666:Period
2633:Period
2575:Period
2438:Period
1984:Country
1807:Citizen
1582:966,129
1569:613,801
1543:610,299
1519:610,299
1283:190,632
1226:D'Hondt
1118:History
686:History
668:Estonia
631:Website
625:Tallinn
535:Finance
305: (
294: (
286:Founded
281:History
212:to the
194:in the
157:.
94:scholar
5278:Sicily
5217:Taiwan
5197:Kosovo
5154:Tobago
5094:Jersey
5029:Azores
4994:Zambia
4964:Uganda
4959:Tuvalu
4954:Turkey
4924:Sweden
4884:Serbia
4829:Panama
4819:Norway
4774:Monaco
4734:Malawi
4704:Latvia
4689:Kuwait
4669:Israel
4644:Guyana
4634:Guinea
4624:Greece
4609:Gambia
4554:Cyprus
4504:Brunei
4474:Angola
4338:Jersey
4280:Kosovo
4225:Turkey
4215:Sweden
4195:Serbia
4185:Russia
4170:Poland
4165:Norway
4145:Monaco
4115:Latvia
4083:Greece
4068:France
4043:Cyprus
3939:Portal
3788:Cinema
3773:Anthem
3659:Energy
3510:Rivers
3270:
3164:
2411:Isamaa
2390:Centre
2376:Reform
2329:Isamaa
2315:Centre
2308:Reform
2243:Centre
2236:Reform
2182:Centre
2175:Reform
2134:Greens
2113:Centre
2106:Reform
2045:Reform
2031:Centre
1991:United
1963:Reform
1949:Centre
1878:Centre
1871:Reform
1814:Greens
1765:Isamaa
1684:Isamaa
1572:100.00
1522:100.00
1451:14,037
1427:14,605
1403:50,118
1399:Isamaa
1379:56,584
1355:81,329
1331:93,254
1307:97,966
1189:German
1185:Soviet
653:riigi-
648:(from
497:
488:
482:Centre
479:
473:Isamaa
470:
461:
445:
436:
430:Reform
427:
380:,
362:Reform
360:,
340:,
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
5104:Macau
5024:Aruba
4989:Yemen
4944:Tonga
4929:Syria
4859:Samoa
4849:Qatar
4809:Niger
4794:Nauru
4749:Malta
4714:Libya
4619:Ghana
4534:China
4494:Benin
4313:Åland
4250:Wales
4210:Spain
4135:Malta
4105:Italy
3925:Index
3889:Sport
3884:Radio
3854:Music
3849:Media
3808:Flags
3755:Women
3715:Crime
3515:Towns
3495:Lakes
3485:Fauna
2717:Name
2690:Name
2663:Name
2630:Name
2572:Name
2435:Name
1906:Right
1585:63.53
1556:3,502
1546:99.43
1516:Total
1505:+0.68
1499:5,888
1481:−0.86
1475:5,886
1433:+2.30
1409:−3.23
1385:−0.56
1361:+8.97
1358:13.33
1337:−7.82
1334:15.28
1313:−1.71
1310:16.05
1289:+2.31
1286:31.24
1268:Seats
1259:Votes
1256:Party
1162:]
718:State
396:Seats
174:DeepL
101:JSTOR
87:books
5119:Niue
5079:Guam
4939:Togo
4839:Peru
4744:Mali
4699:Laos
4664:Iran
4599:Fiji
4549:Cuba
4529:Chad
4421:Iraq
3864:Name
3783:Beer
3571:LGBT
3162:ISBN
3138:2020
3090:2019
3007:2023
2953:2018
2397:E200
2383:EKRE
2322:EKRE
2271:EKRE
1899:Home
1559:0.57
1502:0.96
1478:0.96
1454:2.30
1430:2.39
1406:8.21
1382:9.27
989:2024
983:2019
978:2014
963:2021
958:2017
953:2013
935:2026
929:2021
924:2016
906:next
900:2023
895:2019
674:and
657:kogu
644:The
475:(10)
466:(11)
464:EKRE
450:(13)
448:E200
441:(14)
432:(39)
422:(66)
382:EKRE
267:Type
262:Type
188:must
186:You
73:news
3834:ABD
3578:Law
3108:ERR
2870:.
2404:SDE
2363:14
2360:16
2357:17
2354:37
2336:SDE
2301:10
2298:12
2295:19
2292:26
2289:34
2264:EVA
2257:IRL
2250:SDE
2223:14
2220:15
2217:27
2214:30
2196:SDE
2189:IRL
2168:19
2165:23
2162:26
2159:33
2127:SDE
2120:IRL
2093:10
2090:19
2087:29
2084:31
2018:13
2015:19
2012:28
2009:28
1933:17
1930:18
1927:18
1924:28
1845:16
1842:19
1839:41
1821:EEE
1800:ERP
1746:10
1743:12
1740:15
1737:17
1734:29
1686:11
1670:11
1654:13
1638:14
1622:38
1528:101
1463:New
1457:New
1367:+14
1343:−10
1271:+/–
1265:+/–
1176:).
666:of
502:(5)
493:(3)
491:ERK
484:(6)
439:SDE
399:101
176:or
56:by
5359::
3124:.
3106:.
3080:.
3076:.
3029:^
2997:.
2993:.
2943:.
2939:.
2894::
2369:8
2366:9
2229:7
2226:8
2099:6
2096:6
2024:6
2021:7
1942:6
1939:7
1936:7
1857:5
1854:6
1851:6
1848:8
1758:1
1755:1
1752:8
1749:8
1702:6
1415:−4
1391:−1
1364:14
1340:16
1319:−2
1316:17
1295:+3
1292:37
1160:et
976::
623:,
4388:e
4381:t
4374:v
3973:e
3966:t
3959:v
3260:e
3253:t
3246:v
3170:.
3140:.
3092:.
3023:.
3009:.
2955:.
2890:(
2877:)
2873:(
1531:0
1525:–
1511:0
1508:0
1487:0
1484:0
1460:0
1439:0
1436:0
1412:8
1388:9
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1172:(
1164:(
1106:e
1099:t
1092:v
949::
920::
891::
309:)
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223:.
216:.
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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