51:
149:
527:
837:
721:
inevitable and indicated that PJAK is willing to lay down its arms. He said fighting may not help Kurds secure political and cultural rights in Iran. However, the Guards resumed their offensive on
September 2 and rejected any ceasefire call by PJAK, saying the Kurdish rebels have no choice but to lay down arms or leave the border areas. On 19 September, Iran's ground forces commander, Brigadier General
820:
556:
379:, the PJAK and PKK "appear to a large extent to be one and the same, and share the same goal: fighting campaigns to win new autonomy and rights for Kurds. The only difference is that the PJAK fights in Iran, and PKK fights in Turkey. They share leadership, logistics and allegiance to Abdullah Ocalan, the PKK leader currently imprisoned in Turkey." About half of its militants are women.
803:
544:
743:
422:
291:
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and PJAK have always denied any form of ties. Since
February 2009, the PJAK is classified as a terrorist organization by the US government, freezing any assets the PJAK has under U.S. jurisdiction and prohibiting American citizens from doing business with the organization. Officials have cited PJAK's
697:
that the
Iranian forces attacked PJAK strongholds on July 16, however PJAK succeeded in pushing back the Iranian military to their original positions and 53 Iranian soldiers were killed in the battle while PJAK lost two fighters. Sherzad Kemankar also pointed out that Iranian forces were carrying out
951:
in August 2007 in order to seek political and military backing from the US, but only made limited contact with officials and failed to obtain any such support. However, in a statement released on 18 October 2008, PJAK accused the US of having passed intelligence to
Turkish and Iranian forces as they
750:
On 30 September 2011, Deputy
Commander of the Ground Forces of Iran's IRGC, Brigadier General Abdullah Araqi announced that after the Iranian military captured the Jasosan heights, the PJAK conceded defeat and agreed to retreat one kilometer away from the Iranian border and to refrain from military
225:
PJAK spokespersons have repeatedly told visiting media that its armed wing, the
Eastern Kurdistan Units (YRK), has approximately 3,000 active members - half of them women - however estimates from academic specialists over the years point to more conservative figures such as 1,000. However, PJAK's
943:
that while US officials had made contact with PJAK, America had provided no support whatsoever to the insurgent group. Maintaining that the PKK was the founder and only real supporter of PJAK, Bayık further stated that "if the US is interested in PJAK, then it has to be interested in the PKK as
720:
On 8 August 2011, during a lull for
Ramadan in the IRGC offensive, PJAK leader Haji Ahmadi, told an interviewer his group is prepared to negotiate with Iran and maintained that Kurdish issues need to be solved through "peaceful means". Haji Ahmadi acknowledged that in some cases compromise is
250:
bases. On the other hand, a recent uptick in
Iranian Government repression, imprisonment, executions, and extra-judicial killings of Kurdist activists have allegedly caused an increase in recruits to PJAK and the other clandestine anti-IRI Kurdish rebel groups
751:
activities on Iran's soil and recruitment of
Iranian nationals. According to Iranian media, 180 PJAK militias were killed and 300 wounded during the last operations seizing PJAK's headquarters in Jasosan heights in the Northwestern border regions of Iran.
734:
The rejection of ceasefire offer by PJAK led to new skirmishes between the two sides. On 2 September, after a one-month lull in fighting, IRGC began a new round of ground operations against PJAK. On 9 September 2011, Iranian media reported that
393:
Pjak has undergone several divisions so far. The first split took place in Pjak in 2005, and members of the split, such as (Osman Jafari, Shiva Kargar, Habib
Tahmasabi, Yusuf Hatami and....,) founded the Democratic Union of Kurdistan.
313:, half the members of PJAK are women, many of them still in their teens. The group actively recruits female guerrillas and states that its "cruelest and fiercest fighters" are women drawn to the movement's "radical feminism".
298:
Members of the PKK from Iranian Kurdistan founded the PJAK in 2004 as an Iranian equivalent to their leftist-nationalist insurgency against the Turkish government. It is assumed that the present leader of the organization is
867:
2958:
1677:
630:
border while claiming that their primary targets have been PJAK militants. A number of civilians have died. PJAK claims its guerrillas fight inside Iran, and in August 2007, managed to destroy an Iranian
895:
in which he expressed his judgment that the U.S. is likely to be supporting and coordinating PJAK, since PJAK operates and is based in Iraqi territory, which is under the control of the U.S. supported
1797:
1713:
2928:
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and its allies in order to undermine Iranian "state power". Iranian officials have also claimed that PJAK attacks come "with the support of America and the Zionist regime" (Israel).
2948:
717:, aid agencies say shelling by the Revolutionary Guard has "killed some civilians and forced hundreds to flee their homes" in the area. The Revolutionary Guard denies the charge.
920:
are giving PJAK equipment, training, and targeting information in order to create internal pressures in Iran. An Israeli spokesperson immediately denied the claims. Likewise,
2414:
863:
754:
On 25 April 2012, Iranian media reported that four members of elite Revolutionary Guards were killed and four others were wounded during an attack by PJAK rebels near
332:
groups and divisions led by an elected Executive Council. The KCK is in charge of a number of decisions, and often releases press statements on behalf of its members.
1232:
2161:
2913:
2354:
1801:
1674:
1322:
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1823:
924:, the US ambassador to Turkey at the time, quickly issued an official denial of any kind of American assistance to PJAK in an effort to quell the uproar in
1855:
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province. According to Iranian government sources, 18 policemen and 8 rebels were killed in a fierce gun battle. Iran responded a week later by attacking
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279:
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383:
230:
forces in Kurdish areas of Iran has by some accounts been significantly weakened over the past decade, firstly due to a relatively large-scale
231:
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2232:
256:
2903:
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2277:
929:
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2738:
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2419:
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2756:
2589:
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2019:
1174:
1078:
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2798:
2594:
2238:
2222:
1212:
771:
703:
675:
252:
1111:
2786:
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1300:
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PJAK killed 24 members of Iranian security forces on 3 April 2006, in retaliation for the killing of 10 Kurds demonstrating in
1771:
1192:
2918:
2533:
2376:
2333:
2147:
1156:
2328:
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1994:
602:
As early as mid-2006, the Iranian security forces have confronted PJAK guerrillas in many occasions along the border inside
2100:
1559:
670:
On 16 July 2011, the Iranian army launched a major offensive against PJAK compounds in the mountainous regions of northern
2442:
2170:
1649:
896:
710:
along with at least 5 other Revolutionary Guard soldiers were killed in clashes with Kurdish rebels near the Iraq border.
2070:
1123:
the Treasury Department also listed the Free Life Party of Kurdistan (PJAK), which is under the control of the Kongra-Gel
1097:
2684:
2665:
2538:
2459:
2403:
907:
679:
498:
108:
1533:
1058:
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2732:
2720:
699:
317:
219:
139:
50:
2768:
2624:
2544:
2453:
1240:
530:
215:
1603:
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713:
The Iranian government blames the PJAK for sabotage attacks on gas pipelines and ambushing its troops, according to
2744:
2726:
2635:
2408:
2393:
2387:
148:
952:
conducted intensified bombing campaigns and cross-border attacks against PJAK and PKK bases in the Qandil region.
2792:
2572:
2193:
1833:
1737:
595:, on suspicion that they had killed three Iranian security force personnel. PJAK set off a bomb on 8 May 2006 in
387:
1859:
2708:
2702:
2690:
2566:
1318:
921:
683:
468:
435:
300:
227:
188:
180:
113:
574:
The Kurdistan Free Life Party, has been engaged in an armed conflict with the Iranian authorities since 2004.
658:
was not considered a stronghold of PJAK, that appeared to have been the target of the raid. According to the
2780:
2647:
2465:
2431:
2425:
2381:
2322:
2244:
874:
member. Iranian media and government figures have frequently charged that PJAK is covertly supported by the
260:
1358:
403:
184:
2659:
1583:
1460:
960:
2045:
1043:
722:
2641:
1922:
526:
1945:
2842:
2282:
1701:
940:
783:
775:
1753:
702:
using heavy weaponry. Iranian media later reported that General Abbas Asemi, one of the most senior
2857:
2837:
2371:
1385:
779:
759:
662:, more than 800 Iraqi Kurds have been forced from their homes by the recent cross-border violence.
639:
632:
117:
63:
2852:
2847:
1946:
Kucinich Questions the President On US Trained Insurgents In Iran: Sends Letter To President Bush
1481:
1389:
1381:
192:
129:
124:
67:
472:
222:, an umbrella group of Kurdish political and insurgent groups in Turkey, Iran, Syria, and Iraq.
689:
PJAK spokesperson Sherzad Kemankar announced in an interview with the Iraqi Kurdish newspapers
17:
2630:
2338:
1757:
1628:
736:
584:
claimed that over 120 members of the Iranian security forces were killed by PJAK during 2005.
581:
204:
1413:
1006:
731:
newspaper his forces would finish off armed Kurdish Iraqi-based rebels in the "coming days".
2862:
2714:
1970:
1900:
1896:
1417:
1373:
615:
359:
348:
340:
321:
309:
247:
165:
2023:
2550:
1956:
1952:
1880:
1681:
1590:
1216:
1066:
1062:
885:
647:
623:
1209:
1143:
2437:
1975:
1354:
948:
936:
912:
892:
727:
643:
619:
382:
The PJAK leadership claims that the group's goals are principally focused on replacing
375:
329:
234:
that killed potentially hundreds of PJAK fighters, secondly to due to recent increased
928:. Wilson also sent a classified cable to Washington in December 2007 (which was later
2887:
2504:
2261:
2227:
1653:
1393:
1304:
1135:
1027:
903:
875:
858:
842:
607:
200:
1286:
1157:"Iranian-Turkish deal to fight PKK risks harming stability of Iraq's Kurdish region"
947:
In 2007, the Washington Times claimed that Haji Ahmadi, the leader of PJAK, visited
1828:
1775:
889:
786:
had deliberately aligned with Iranian forces to suppress the secular PJAK in Iran.
58:
944:
well", which would contradict the established hostility of the US toward the PKK.
591:
by Iranian security forces. On 10 April 2006, seven PJAK members were arrested in
2071:"PJAK statement accuses U.S. of supporting Turkey-Iran joint military operations"
2096:
964:
882:
1995:"PKK commander says Washington 'has contact' with Kurdish rebels fighting Iran"
686:. Kurdish media reported that at least five Revolutionary Guards were killed.
596:
588:
503:
967:
has accused the US of fighting the Kurdish rebels alongside Turkey and Iran.
932:) in which he strongly urged the US government to officially blacklist PJAK.
739:
Abbas Ali Jannesari of the IRGC was killed during a battle with PJAK rebels.
2827:
2311:
1055:
507:
267:
2803:
1923:"Treasury Designates Free Life Party of Kurdistan a Terrorist Organization"
1301:"Treasury Designates Free Life Party of Kurdistan a Terrorist Organization"
742:
1430:
1377:
635:
that was conducting a forward operation of bombardment by Iranian forces.
577:
208:
196:
2139:
870:" since 1997 in support of Turkey, a regional ally of the US and fellow
421:
290:
2484:
2178:
1193:"Iraq: Iranian Kurdish refugees alarmed by 'assassination' of activist"
714:
455:
To establish autonomous regional entities or Kurdish federal states in
386:
with a federal and democratic government which accepts an autonomy for
304:
176:
982:
794:
The following countries have listed PJAK as a terrorist organization.
682:
on 26 July, PJAK militants were killed in clashes in several towns in
2867:
2609:
2470:
1287:"Anti-Terrorism designations | Office of Foreign Assets Control"
925:
917:
825:
561:
487:
460:
275:
235:
1629:"Trouble on the Iran-Iraq Border – Newsweek: World News – MSNBC.com"
862:
connections to the PKK as the basis for this designation—the US has
910:
was gearing up for war with Iran, and in November 2006 he wrote in
2832:
2653:
2518:
1508:"The PKK, PJAK, and Iran: Implications for U.S.-Turkish Relations"
1431:"Meet the Kurdish guerrillas who want to topple the Tehran regime"
1397:
1139:
755:
741:
611:
464:
289:
173:
147:
770:
In 2011, PJAK leader Rahman Haj Ahmadi, in an interview with the
2296:
2207:
2134:
1079:
Turkey says it will stage raids with Iran against Kurdish rebels
871:
808:
671:
659:
655:
651:
627:
603:
592:
549:
491:
483:
456:
271:
242:
cooperation through sharing intel (satellite, drone footage) on
239:
2143:
985:
PJAK held its seventh congress in the 20th year of its struggle
1031:
707:
678:
dozens of rebels have been killed. According to the state-run
243:
1560:"Shelling Near Iranian Border Is Forcing Iraqi Kurds to Flee"
2129:
638:
On 24 April 2009, PJAK rebels attacked a police station in
2959:
Organizations designated as terrorist by the United States
152:
Flag of the HRK, former name of the armed wing of the PJAK
1409:
1407:
935:
In the wake of this incident, high-ranking PKK commander
1210:
Iranian Repression of Kurds Behind Rise of Militant PJAK
1175:"Turkey, Iran agree to take steps against terrorist PKK"
1134:
Vera Eccarius-Kelly, professor of Comparative Politics,
1110:
Freedman, Benjamin; Levitt, Matthew (December 8, 2009).
347:, YRK), formerly known as the Eastern Kurdistan Forces (
1893:"4 IRGC personnel killed in clash with PJAK terrorists"
1144:
https://www.rudaw.net/english/middleeast/iran/23012014
1798:"Iran to finish off Kurd rebels in 'days': commander"
1726:
Deaths Reported in Fighting Between Iran, Kurd Rebels
1772:"PJAK Leader: We're Prepared To Negotiate With Iran"
1604:"Defence & Security Intelligence & Analysis"
2929:
Militant opposition to the Islamic Republic of Iran
2675:
2617:
2608:
2559:
2526:
2517:
2492:
2483:
2347:
2304:
2295:
2270:
2215:
2206:
2186:
2177:
2124:
537:
521:
513:
497:
479:
451:
441:
431:
410:
135:
123:
107:
99:
91:
73:
57:
32:
1988:
1986:
1534:"In Iraq, Conflict Simmers on a 2nd Kurdish Front"
2046:"Kurdish leader seeks U.S. help to topple regime"
1856:"PJAK Terrorist Group Surrenders, October 1 2011"
1366:Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies
1098:Iran says killed dozens in push on Kurdish rebels
599:, wounding five people at a government building.
1093:
1091:
1089:
1087:
2954:Organizations designated as terrorist by Turkey
2097:"U.S. brands anti-Iran Kurdish group terrorist"
1114:. The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
1007:"U.S. brands anti-Iran Kurdish group terrorist"
2964:Organisations designated as terrorist by Japan
2415:Kurdistan Democratic Party – Progressive Front
2355:Action Party for the Independence of Kurdistan
1714:Kurd rebels kill Basij militiaman: Iran agency
654:border guards officials, the area attacked by
646:villages in the border area of Panjwin inside
226:capabilities to inflict significant damage on
2949:Organisations designated as terrorist by Iran
2155:
2022:. WikiLeaks. 1 September 2011. Archived from
1593:, April 10, 2006, Cihan News Agency/zaman.com
358:Women's armed wing - Women's Defence Forces (
8:
1056:Interview with the Secretary general of PJAK
902:From November 2006 to June 2008, journalist
778:, claimed that elements in the units of the
1112:"Contending with the PKK's Narco-Terrorism"
1001:
999:
997:
995:
2614:
2523:
2489:
2366:Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan
2301:
2257:Organization of Iranian Kurdistan Struggle
2212:
2183:
2162:
2148:
2140:
1881:PJAK Surrenders to Iran, September 29 2011
1824:"IRGC officer martyred in fight with PJAK"
1698:Iran helicopters strike Iraq Kurd villages
1265:"Turkey, Iran step up fights on PKK, PJAK"
407:
29:
27:Political party and militant group in Iran
1754:Iran says senior security official killed
1532:OPPEL Jr, RICHARD A. (October 23, 2007).
1800:. AFP. 19 September 2011. Archived from
1623:
1621:
1457:"İran karakoluna saldırıyı HRK üstlendi"
957:United States Department of the Treasury
796:
650:using helicopter gunships. According to
38:Partiya Jiyana Azad a Kurdistanê (PJAK)
2873:List of Kurdish dynasties and countries
1969:Hersh, Seymour M. (November 20, 2006).
1414:Tehran faces growing Kurdish opposition
975:
790:Designation as a terrorist organization
2654:Patriotic Revolutionary Youth Movement
2360:Democratic National Union of Kurdistan
1325:. Jane's Security News. Archived from
706:(IRGC) commanders in the holy city of
339:Armed wing - Eastern Kurdistan Units (
183:armed militant group. It has waged an
2914:Kurdish nationalist political parties
2775:Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party
2103:from the original on 11 November 2016
1482:"Îran xwe ji êrişên nû re amade dike"
1349:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1259:
1257:
1226:
1224:
7:
2448:Kurdistan Socialist Democratic Party
2278:Iranian Call and Reform Organization
1738:PJAK fighters push back Iranian army
2810:Workers Vanguard Party of Kurdistan
2584:Kurdistan Democratic Party of Syria
2420:Kurdistan Democratic Solution Party
2399:Communist Party of Kurdistan – Iraq
1675:Death toll 26 in battle with rebels
1386:10.33428/jsoutasiamiddeas.43.2.0054
1267:. Hürriyet Daily News. 26 July 2011
1233:"Kurdish prisoner executed in Iran"
963:. Moreover, the former PJAK leader
766:Alleged Turkish–Iranian cooperation
414:Yekîneyên Rojhilatê Kurdistan (YRK)
363:
352:
344:
325:
169:
2590:Kurdish Democratic Political Union
2578:Kurdish National Alliance in Syria
2233:Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran
1999:The Daily Star Newspaper - Lebanon
1832:. 9 September 2011. Archived from
1488:. Nefel-Rûdaw. Nefel. 19 July 2011
1303:. February 4, 2009. Archived from
335:The PJAK also has sub-divisions:
294:Flag of the Women's Defense Forces
25:
2909:Kurdish political parties in Iran
2799:Society for the Rise of Kurdistan
2595:Movement for a Democratic Society
704:Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps
2787:Revolutionary Party of Kurdistan
2751:Kurdistan Democratic Party/North
1899:. April 25, 2012. Archived from
1028:Iraq's other Kurdish rebel group
835:
818:
801:
746:A group of PJAK fighters in 2012
554:
542:
525:
420:
170:Partiya Jiyana Azad a Kurdistanê
49:
280:U.S. Department of the Treasury
18:Party of Free Life of Kurdistan
2534:Descendants of Saladin Brigade
2377:Islamic Fayli Grouping in Iraq
939:asserted in an interview with
868:Foreign Terrorist Organisation
366:, HPJ), led by Gulistan Dogan.
266:PJAK has been designated as a
1:
2924:Iranian Kurdish organisations
2443:Kurdistan Revolutionary Party
897:Kurdistan Regional Government
345:Yekîneyên Rojhilatê Kurdistan
286:Policies - structure - branch
214:The PJAK is aligned with the
95:Eastern Kurdistan Units (YRK)
2899:Apoist organisations in Iran
2685:Communist Party of Kurdistan
2666:Civil Protection Units-Women
2460:Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
2404:Kurdistan Conservative Party
2135:Female Fighters of Kurdistan
2099:. Reuters. 4 February 2009.
1993:Agence France Presse (AFP).
1323:"The militant Kurds of Iran"
1100:, Reuters (August 17, 2011).
680:Islamic Republic News Agency
316:The PJAK is a member of the
246:and PJAK movements in their
103:Women's Defence Forces (HPJ)
2904:Kurdish nationalism in Iran
2733:Kurdistan Communities Union
2721:Freedom and Democracy Party
2194:Yezidi National Union (ULE)
1728:| voanews.com, 26 July 2011
1009:. Reuters. February 4, 2009
328:), which is an alliance of
318:Kurdistan Communities Union
303:, who is said to reside in
220:Kurdistan Communities Union
185:intermittent armed struggle
140:Kurdistan Communities Union
79:; 20 years ago
41:پارتی ژیانی ئازادی کوردستان
2995:
2745:Islamic Party of Kurdistan
2739:Kurdistan Islamic Movement
2727:Freedom and Equality Party
2409:Kurdistan Democratic Party
2394:Kurdish Tribal Association
2388:Kurdistan Islamic Movement
2239:Kurdistan Democratic Party
2130:Rojhelat.info News Website
989:; Retrieved on 5 May 2024.
853:PJAK and the United States
762:province in western Iran.
618:has begun bombardments of
401:
398:Armed conflict and arrests
232:2011 cross-border campaign
2979:Socialist militant groups
2944:Socialist parties in Iran
2894:Kurdistan Free Life Party
2823:
2793:Rights and Freedoms Party
2763:Peoples' Democratic Party
2757:Peace and Democracy Party
2697:Democratic People's Party
2573:Kurdish Supreme Committee
2539:People's Protection Units
2251:Kurdistan Free Life Party
1770:Rozh Ahmad (2011-08-08).
1650:"PJAK helikopter düşürdü"
1215:January 24, 2014, at the
916:that the US military and
419:
353:Hêzên Rojhilatê Kurdistan
278:, and since 2009, by the
158:Kurdistan Free Life Party
136:International affiliation
48:
35:Kurdistan Free Life Party
2969:Democratic confederalism
2769:People's Democracy Party
2709:Democratic Regions Party
2703:Democratic Society Party
2625:Kurdistan Workers' Party
2567:Kurdish National Council
2545:Women's Protection Units
2500:Kurdish Democratic Party
2454:Kurdistan Toilers' Party
2317:Êzîdxan Protection Force
1512:The Washington Institute
1359:"Iran's Forgotten Kurds"
1231:Narina, E (2010-01-30).
1046:, PJAK Official Website.
684:West Azerbaijan province
531:Kurdistan Workers' Party
469:democratic confederalist
436:Abdul Rahman Haji Ahmadi
369:Youth and student branch
301:Abdul Rahman Haji Ahmadi
228:Islamic Republic of Iran
216:Kurdistan Workers' Party
181:Islamic Republic of Iran
114:Democratic confederalism
37:
2648:Kurdistan Freedom Hawks
2636:People's Defence Forces
2466:Service and Reform List
2432:New Generation Movement
2426:Kurdistan Islamic Union
2382:Kurdistan Islamic Group
2323:Sinjar Resistance Units
2245:Kurdistan Freedom Party
1774:. Rudaw. Archived from
698:a joint operation with
471:system as theorised by
411:Eastern Kurdistan Units
195:through some degree of
187:since 2004 against the
125:Political position
2974:Socialism in Kurdistan
2660:Civil Protection Units
2618:Militant organizations
2527:Militant organizations
2305:Militant organizations
2216:Militant organizations
961:terrorist organization
747:
326:Koma Civakên Kurdistan
295:
153:
2919:Kurdish organisations
2329:Êzîdxan Women's Units
2171:Kurdish organisations
1416:, James Brandon, The
1378:10.1353/jsa.2020.0009
987:(Kurdish), 2 May 2024
959:designated PJAK as a
745:
723:Ahmad Reza Pourdastan
293:
151:
2843:Kingdom of Kurdistan
2781:People's Labor Party
2283:Kurdish United Front
2050:The Washington Times
955:On 4 February 2009,
941:Agence France-Presse
906:maintained that the
776:Kenneth R. Timmerman
676:Revolutionary Guards
364:Hêzên Parastina Jinê
2858:Republic of Mahabad
2838:Kurdish nationalism
1862:on 22 February 2015
1836:on 22 February 2015
1804:on January 25, 2013
1716:| AFP| 29 July 2011
1564:The Washington Post
1307:on August 29, 2023.
983:Firat News Agency:
908:Bush administration
881:On April 18, 2006,
674:. According to the
633:military helicopter
480:Active regions
307:. According to the
118:Kurdish Nationalism
2939:Iran–PJAK conflict
2934:Separatism in Iran
2853:Republic of Ararat
2848:Kurdistansky Uyezd
2642:Free Women's Units
2339:Fayli Kurd Brigade
1951:2006-05-25 at the
1680:2011-06-06 at the
1589:2011-06-05 at the
1584:Iran Arrests 7 PKK
1538:The New York Times
1061:2016-12-08 at the
784:Turkish government
748:
606:. Since then, the
467:, and establish a
443:Dates of operation
404:Iran–PJAK conflict
296:
218:(PKK) through the
193:self-determination
189:Iranian Government
154:
100:Women's armed wing
2881:
2880:
2819:
2818:
2677:Political parties
2631:Kurdish Hizbollah
2604:
2603:
2560:Political parties
2513:
2512:
2493:Political parties
2479:
2478:
2348:Political parties
2291:
2290:
2271:Political parties
2202:
2201:
2187:Political parties
1742:Kurdistan Tribune
1558:Partlow, Joshua.
1069:, September 2008.
888:sent a letter to
850:
849:
737:Brigadier General
582:Cihan News Agency
567:
566:
415:
388:ethnic minorities
373:According to the
205:Eastern Kurdistan
146:
145:
16:(Redirected from
2986:
2863:Kurdistan Region
2715:Free Cause Party
2615:
2524:
2490:
2334:Asayîşa Êzîdxanê
2302:
2213:
2184:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2141:
2113:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2093:
2087:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2077:. September 2011
2067:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2026:on 18 March 2014
2016:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2005:
1990:
1981:
1980:
1966:
1960:
1959:, April 18, 2006
1943:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1927:www.treasury.gov
1919:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1897:Mehr News Agency
1889:
1883:
1878:
1872:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1858:. Archived from
1852:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1778:on 12 April 2012
1767:
1761:
1751:
1745:
1744:, July 17, 2011.
1735:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1711:
1705:
1695:
1689:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1652:. Archived from
1646:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1625:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1606:. IHS Jane's 360
1600:
1594:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1459:. Archived from
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1427:
1421:
1418:Washington Times
1411:
1402:
1401:
1363:
1351:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1261:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1239:. Archived from
1228:
1219:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1189:
1183:
1182:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1153:
1147:
1132:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1107:
1101:
1095:
1082:
1076:
1070:
1053:
1047:
1041:
1035:
1034:, Dec. 19, 2007.
1025:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1003:
990:
980:
841:
839:
838:
824:
822:
821:
807:
805:
804:
797:
780:Turkish military
616:Iranian military
614:claims that the
560:
558:
557:
548:
546:
545:
529:
444:
424:
413:
408:
384:Iran's theocracy
365:
354:
346:
327:
310:Washington Times
270:organisation by
248:Qandil Mountains
203:(also known as "
171:
87:
85:
80:
53:
30:
21:
2994:
2993:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2877:
2815:
2691:Democracy Party
2671:
2600:
2555:
2509:
2475:
2343:
2287:
2266:
2198:
2173:
2168:
2121:
2116:
2106:
2104:
2095:
2094:
2090:
2080:
2078:
2075:Washington Post
2069:
2068:
2064:
2054:
2052:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2029:
2027:
2020:"#07ANKARA2918"
2018:
2017:
2013:
2003:
2001:
1992:
1991:
1984:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1957:Dennis Kucinich
1953:Wayback Machine
1944:
1940:
1931:
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1920:
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1682:Wayback Machine
1673:
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1591:Wayback Machine
1582:
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1440:
1438:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1420:, April 3, 2006
1412:
1405:
1361:
1357:(Winter 2020).
1355:Gunter, Michael
1353:
1352:
1341:
1332:
1330:
1317:
1316:
1312:
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1217:Wayback Machine
1208:
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1197:Middle East Eye
1191:
1190:
1186:
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1161:Middle East Eye
1155:
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1150:
1133:
1129:
1117:
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1109:
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1104:
1096:
1085:
1077:
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1067:Chris Kutschera
1063:Wayback Machine
1054:
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1042:
1038:
1026:
1022:
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1005:
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993:
981:
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886:Dennis Kucinich
855:
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792:
768:
668:
572:
555:
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543:
541:
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473:Abdullah Öcalan
442:
427:
426:Flag of the YRK
412:
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288:
116:
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44:
43:
39:
36:
28:
23:
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15:
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2438:Kurdistan List
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2120:
2119:External links
2117:
2115:
2114:
2088:
2062:
2037:
2011:
1982:
1976:The New Yorker
1971:"The Next Act"
1961:
1938:
1914:
1903:on 11 May 2012
1884:
1873:
1847:
1815:
1789:
1762:
1760:, Jul 22, 2011
1746:
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1690:
1667:
1656:on 29 May 2007
1641:
1617:
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1524:
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1437:. 12 June 2006
1435:Slate Magazine
1422:
1403:
1339:
1310:
1292:
1278:
1253:
1220:
1202:
1184:
1166:
1148:
1138:, speaking to
1127:
1102:
1083:
1071:
1048:
1036:
1020:
991:
974:
972:
969:
949:Washington, DC
913:The New Yorker
893:George W. Bush
866:the PKK as a "
854:
851:
848:
847:
845:
831:
830:
828:
814:
813:
811:
791:
788:
767:
764:
728:Vatan-e-Emrooz
700:Ansar al-Islam
667:
664:
571:
568:
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539:
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429:
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417:
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402:Main article:
399:
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376:New York Times
371:
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367:
356:
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26:
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14:
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10:
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2:
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2551:Kurdish Front
2549:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2522:
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2516:
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2505:Razkari Party
2503:
2501:
2498:
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2262:Sipay Rizgari
2260:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2228:Komalah (CPI)
2226:
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2214:
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2209:
2205:
2195:
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2146:
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2128:
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2125:PJAK Homepage
2123:
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2118:
2102:
2098:
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2015:
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1487:
1486:www.nefel.com
1483:
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1463:on 2017-10-10
1462:
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1329:on 2008-12-11
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1243:on 2019-01-12
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883:Congressman
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2888:Categories
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1686:Gulf Times
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1333:2008-11-10
1247:2013-12-25
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640:Kermanshah
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