17:
172:
For example, in patients with amputations, patient education has been shown to be effective when approached from all angles by the healthcare team (nurse, primary care physician, prosthetist, physical therapist, occupational therapist etc.). Support groups have been shown to be a helpful method for
190:
It is important to consider patient factors that may help improve outcomes of patient education patient. These are patient activation, illness perceptions, anxiety, participants' knowledge about their condition, engagement with routine check-ups and positive health behaviours. These factors may be
58:
and disease or condition specific education. Some topics proposed in
Patient Education courses include Technical and Professional Communication (TPC) and Rhetoric of Health and Medicine (RHM) in order to prepare Health educators to create simple and culturally sensitive avenues of communication.
35:
Education may be provided by any healthcare professional who has undertaken appropriate training education, education on patient communication and education is usually included in the healthcare professional's training. However, further training is required to develop specialist skills needed to
176:
In the case of arthritis, patient education was found to be administered through three methods, including individual face to face meetings with healthcare professionals, patient groups, online support programs. Category I evidence was found for individual, face to face counselling. Meeting with
67:
Important elements of patient education are skill building and responsibility: patients need to know when, how, and why they need to make a lifestyle change. Group effort is equally important: each member of the patient's health care team needs to be involved. It can also help the patients by a
557:
Jones, Bethan; Bennett, Sarah; Larsson, Ingrid; Zangi, Heidi; Boström, Carina; Van Der Elst, Kristien; Fayet, Françoise; Fusama, Mie; Herrero Manso, MarĂa del Carmen; Hoeper, Juliana Rachel; Kukkurainen, Marja Leena; Kwok, Suet Kei; FrĂŁzao-Mateus, Elsa; Minnock, Patricia; Nava, Tiziana; Pavic
403:"Assessing acceptability and identifying barriers and facilitators to implementation of the EULAR recommendations for patient education in inflammatory arthritis: a mixed-methods study with rheumatology professionals in 23 European and Asian countries"
944:
Nikiphorou, Elena; Santos, Eduardo José Ferreira; Marques, Andrea; Böhm, Peter; Bijlsma, Johannes Wj; Daien, Claire
Immediato; Esbensen, Bente Appel; Ferreira, Ricardo J. O.; Fragoulis, George E.; Holmes, Pat; McBain, Hayley (October 2021).
36:
facilitate self-management and behaviour change. Patient
Education can often be more effective in Patient comprehension that things such as medication guides. Many institutions are calling for courses in educating medical students in
173:
dealing with depression in this population. Preoperative patient education helped patients with their decision-making process by informing them of factors related to pain, limb loss, and functional restriction faced after amputation.
1002:
Jones, Bethan; Bennett, Sarah; Larsson, Ingrid; Zangi, Heidi; Boström, Carina; Van der Elst, Kristien; Fayet, Françoise; Fusama, Mie; Herrero Manso, MarĂa Del Carmen; Hoeper, Juliana Rachel; Kukkurainen, Marja Leena (April 2022).
400:
Bennett, Sarah E.; Zangi, Heidi A.; Larsson, Ingrid; Beauvais, Catherine; Boström, Carina; Domján, Andrea; van Eijk-Hustings, Yvonne; Van der Elst, Kristien; Fayet, Françoise; Ferreira, Ricardo J. O.; Fusama, Mie (2022-06-08).
718:
Israel, Elliot; Cardet, Juan-Carlos; Carroll, Jennifer K.; Fuhlbrigge, Anne L.; She, Lilin; Rockhold, Frank W.; Maher, Nancy E.; Fagan, Maureen; Forth, Victoria E.; Yawn, Barbara P.; Arias
Hernandez, Paulina (2022-04-21).
177:
rheumatologists, occupational therapists, physical therapists, nurses, and other healthcare providers was found to be effective in creating adherence to treatment, medication, and for improving overall patient health.
842:
Knudsen, Line R; Ndosi, Mwidimi; Hauge, Ellen-Margrethe; Lomborg, Kirsten; Dreyer, Lene; Aaboe, Sidsel; Kjær, Marie B; Sørensen, Lis; Volsmann, Lena; Christensen, Heidi M; de Thurah, Annette (2024-03-18).
330:
Zangi, Heidi A.; Ndosi, Mwidimi; Adams, Jo; Andersen, Lena; Bode, Christina; Boström, Carina; van Eijk-Hustings, Yvonne; Gossec, Laure; Korandová, Jana; Mendes, Gabriel; Niedermann, Karin (June 2015).
184:, patient education has been shown as an effective non-pharmacological treatment. It is recommended that patient education should be the start point and underpin all self-management interventions.
99:
Empowered to make shared decision - Patients understanding of the evidence of benefits and risks of interventions, helps them to truly weigh the trade-offs they are (un)willing to make.
1403:
Bastable, S.B, Grambet, P., Jacobs, K., Sopczyk, D.L. (2011). Health professionals as educator: Principles of teaching and learning. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett
Learning, LLC.
558:
Nikolic, Milena; Primdahl, Jette; Rawat, Roopa; Schoenfelder, Mareen; Sierakowska, Matylda; Voshaar, Marieke; Wammervold, Edgar; Van
Tubergen, Astrid; Ndosi, Mwidimi (Apr 2022).
1005:"Disseminating and assessing implementation of the EULAR recommendations for patient education in inflammatory arthritis: a mixed-methods study with patients' perspectives"
560:"Disseminating and assessing implementation of the EULAR recommendations for patient education in inflammatory arthritis: a mixed-methods study with patients' perspectives"
27:
is a planned interactive learning process designed to support and enable expert patients to manage their life with a disease and/or optimise their health and well-being.
618:
Buchbinder, Rachelle; Batterham, Roy; Ciciriello, Sabina; Newman, Stan; Horgan, Ben; Ueffing, Erin; Rader, Tamara; Tugwell, Peter S.; Osborne, Richard H. (August 2011).
882:
Brosseau, Lucie; Rahman, Prinon; Poitras, Stéphane; Toupin-April, Karine; Paterson, Gail; Smith, Christine; King, Judy; Casimiro, Lynn; Angelis, Gino De (2014).
1400:
Rankin, S. H., Stallings, K. D., & London, F. (2005). Patient
Education in Health and Illness (5th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
1174:
Hibbard, Judith H.; Greene, Jessica; Becker, Edmund R.; Roblin, Douglas; Painter, Michael W.; Perez, Debra J.; Burbank-Schmitt, Edith; Tusler, Martin (2008).
187:
The role of patient organisations in providing support and structured guidance for people with arthritis is widely valued by professionals and patients.
884:"A Systematic Critical Appraisal of Non-Pharmacological Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II"
845:"Effectiveness of a novel digital patient education programme to support self-management of early rheumatoid arthritis: a randomised controlled trial"
20:
A Radiographer explains an x-ray to a coal miner participating in screening. Patient education can include explaining the results of diagnostic tests.
1389:
Cordier JF. The expert patient: towards a novel definition. Eur Respir J. 2014 Oct;44(4):853-7. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00027414. PMID 25271227
1397:
London, F. (2009). No Time To Teach: The
Essence of Patient and Family Education for Health Care Providers. Atlanta: Pritchett & Hull
1280:
Korpershoek, Y. J. G.; Bos-Touwen, I. D.; Ginkel, JM de Man-van; Lammers, J.-Wj; Schuurmans, M. J.; Trappenburg, J. C. A. (2016-08-01).
307:
1331:
Goodworth, Marie-Christine R; Stepleman, Lara; Hibbard, Judith; Johns, Lisa; Wright, Dustin; Hughes, Mary D; Williams, Mitzi J (2016).
531:
1062:"Relationships between patient activation, disease-specific knowledge and health outcomes among people with diabetes; a survey study"
464:
541:
518:
211:
1416:
844:
1119:
Rask, Kimberly J.; Ziemer, David C.; Kohler, Susan A.; Hawley, Jonathan N.; Arinde, Folakemi J.; Barnes, Catherine S. (2009).
947:"2021 EULAR recommendations for the implementation of self-management strategies in patients with inflammatory arthritis"
90:
Increased adherence – Effective communication and patient education increases patient motivation to adhere to treatments.
81:
Improved self-advocacy in deciding to act both independently from medical providers and in interdependence with them.
1421:
1121:"Patient Activation Is Associated With Healthy Behaviors and Ease in Managing Diabetes in an Indigent Population"
513:
Peter R. Koongstvedt, "The
Managed Health Care Handbook," Fourth Edition, Aspen Publishers, Inc., 2001, page 788
201:
37:
117:– Target education to help reduce the disproportionate burden on populations at increase risk of mortailty.
1225:"Factors associated with patient activation in inflammatory arthritis: a multisite cross-sectional study"
231:
206:
1224:
108:
Satisfaction and referrals – Patients more likely to stay with your practice and refer other patients.
93:
Patient outcomes – Patients more likely to respond well to their treatment plan – fewer complications.
84:
Improved initiative in voicing concerns over medication delivery, risks, and dosages with a physician.
895:
181:
150:
96:
Informed consent – Patients feel you've provided the information they need to make informed decisions
675:
51:
1368:
1156:
768:
657:
440:
379:
282:
216:
105:
Utilization – More effective use of medical services – fewer unnecessary phone calls and visits.
1392:
Doak, C. C., Doak, L. G., & Root, J. H. (1996). Teaching patients with low literacy skills
134:
Incorporate a personal ethic in regards to social responsibilities and services towards others.
1360:
1352:
1313:
1262:
1244:
1205:
1197:
1148:
1140:
1101:
1083:
1042:
1024:
984:
966:
923:
864:
824:
760:
742:
649:
641:
597:
579:
537:
514:
432:
424:
371:
363:
311:
274:
87:
Improve trust between a patient and their provider through effective and clear communication.
1426:
1344:
1303:
1293:
1252:
1236:
1187:
1132:
1091:
1073:
1032:
1016:
974:
958:
913:
903:
856:
814:
750:
732:
631:
587:
571:
414:
353:
343:
264:
78:
Improved understanding of methods and means to manage multiple aspects of medical condition.
55:
43:
1332:
1120:
226:
127:
114:
1223:
Jones, Bethan; Ndosi, Mwidimi; Hunt, Andrew; Harcourt, Diana; Dures, Emma (2021-11-05).
899:
755:
720:
489:
1393:
1308:
1281:
1257:
1096:
1061:
1037:
1004:
979:
946:
918:
883:
592:
559:
111:
Risk
Management – Lower risk of malpractice when patients have realistic expectations.
1410:
772:
444:
1372:
962:
661:
419:
402:
348:
332:"EULAR recommendations for patient education for people with inflammatory arthritis"
331:
252:
168:
There are many areas where patient education can improve the outcomes of treatment.
16:
1160:
860:
383:
221:
47:
721:"Reliever-Triggered Inhaled Glucocorticoid in Black and Latinx Adults with Asthma"
286:
1333:"Variables associated with patient activation in persons with multiple sclerosis"
908:
1020:
819:
802:
575:
490:"Designing "Writing for Health and Medicine": Course arcs, anchors, and action"
75:
Improved understanding of medical condition, diagnosis, disease, or disability.
1192:
1175:
269:
1356:
1348:
1248:
1201:
1144:
1136:
1087:
1078:
1028:
970:
868:
803:"Patient education after amputation: Systematic review and experts' opinions"
746:
645:
583:
428:
367:
1364:
1317:
1266:
1209:
1152:
1105:
1046:
988:
927:
828:
764:
653:
601:
465:"A Disconnect in the Process and Understanding of Prescription Medications"
436:
375:
278:
1240:
737:
636:
619:
1298:
143:
Focus on relationship-centered care with individuals and their families.
102:
Increased health literacy and confidence to navigate the health systems.
801:
Pantera, E.; Pourtier-Piotte, C.; Bensoussan, L.; Coudeyre, E. (2014).
1282:"Determinants of activation for self-management in patients with COPD"
358:
68:
better lifestyle, it gives them the ability to learn new information.
700:
536:(5th ed.). The Gale Encyclopedia of Nursing and Allied Health.
146:
Incorporate the multiple determinants of health when providing care.
40:
to promote Patient Education and the subsequent benefits thereof.
15:
620:"Health Literacy: What Is It and Why Is It Important to Measure?"
395:
393:
1286:
International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
1176:"Racial/Ethnic Disparities And Consumer Activation In Health"
71:
The value of patient education can be summarized as follows:
790:. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Barlett Learning, LLC. p. 6.
159:
Be current in the field and continue to advance education.
679:
308:"iv. Patient Education and Counseling for Prevention"
137:
Provide accurate, competent, and evidence-based care.
488:
Angeli, Elizabeth; Campbell, Lillian (Spring 2023).
253:"The expert patient: towards a novel definition"
807:Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
1060:Hendriks, Michelle; Rademakers, Jany (2014).
156:Use technology appropriately and effectively.
8:
613:
611:
1307:
1297:
1256:
1191:
1095:
1077:
1036:
978:
917:
907:
818:
754:
736:
635:
591:
418:
357:
347:
268:
939:
937:
243:
191:also be targets for patient education.
7:
483:
481:
458:
456:
454:
325:
323:
321:
50:plans, and may include both general
503:(1): 165–174 – via cptcs.ord.
14:
1229:Rheumatology Advances in Practice
212:Cultural competence in healthcare
153:and be open to a diverse society.
951:Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
788:Health Professionals as Educator
407:Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
336:Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
140:Practice preventive health care.
963:10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-220249
725:New England Journal of Medicine
420:10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-222253
413:(10): annrheumdis–2022–222253.
349:10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206807
1:
1337:Journal of Health Psychology
1066:BMC Health Services Research
909:10.1371/journal.pone.0095369
861:10.1093/rheumatology/keae177
463:White, Matthew (Fall 2019).
1235:(Supplement_2): ii35–ii44.
1021:10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002256
820:10.1016/j.rehab.2014.02.001
786:Bastable, Susan B. (2011).
624:The Journal of Rheumatology
576:10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002256
530:Martin, Jacqueline (2023).
1443:
676:"Krames Patient Education"
1193:10.1377/hlthaff.27.5.1442
705:X-Plain Patient Education
497:Programmatic Perspectives
270:10.1183/09031936.00027414
1349:10.1177/1359105314522085
1137:10.1177/0145721709335004
1079:10.1186/1472-6963-14-393
202:Expert Patient Programme
1417:Public health education
130:include the following:
46:is also a tool used by
38:Technical Communication
126:The competencies of a
21:
1125:The Diabetes Educator
738:10.1056/NEJMoa2118813
637:10.3899/jrheum.110406
232:Orem model of nursing
207:Compliance (medicine)
19:
1299:10.2147/COPD.S109016
182:rheumatoid arthritis
151:culturally sensitive
1241:10.1093/rap/rkab053
900:2014PLoSO...995369B
251:Cordier JF (2014).
314:on April 21, 2014.
217:Green prescription
22:
957:(10): 1278–1285.
731:(16): 1505–1518.
533:Patient Education
25:Patient education
1434:
1422:Health education
1377:
1376:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1311:
1301:
1292:(1): 1757–1766.
1277:
1271:
1270:
1260:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1195:
1186:(5): 1442–1453.
1171:
1165:
1164:
1116:
1110:
1109:
1099:
1081:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1040:
999:
993:
992:
982:
941:
932:
931:
921:
911:
879:
873:
872:
855:(9): 2547–2556.
839:
833:
832:
822:
798:
792:
791:
783:
777:
776:
758:
740:
715:
709:
708:
697:
691:
690:
688:
687:
678:. Archived from
672:
666:
665:
639:
630:(8): 1791–1797.
615:
606:
605:
595:
554:
548:
547:
527:
521:
511:
505:
504:
494:
485:
476:
475:
469:
460:
449:
448:
422:
397:
388:
387:
361:
351:
327:
316:
315:
310:. Archived from
304:
298:
297:
295:
293:
272:
248:
122:Health Educators
56:health promotion
44:Health education
1442:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1407:
1406:
1386:
1381:
1380:
1330:
1329:
1325:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1001:
1000:
996:
943:
942:
935:
881:
880:
876:
841:
840:
836:
800:
799:
795:
785:
784:
780:
717:
716:
712:
699:
698:
694:
685:
683:
674:
673:
669:
617:
616:
609:
556:
555:
551:
544:
529:
528:
524:
512:
508:
492:
487:
486:
479:
467:
462:
461:
452:
399:
398:
391:
329:
328:
319:
306:
305:
301:
291:
289:
250:
249:
245:
240:
227:Medical writing
198:
180:In the case of
166:
128:health educator
124:
115:Race and health
65:
33:
12:
11:
5:
1440:
1438:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1323:
1272:
1215:
1180:Health Affairs
1166:
1131:(4): 622–630.
1111:
1052:
1015:(1): e002256.
994:
933:
874:
834:
813:(3): 143–158.
793:
778:
710:
692:
667:
607:
570:(1): e002256.
549:
542:
522:
506:
477:
450:
389:
342:(6): 954–962.
317:
299:
242:
241:
239:
236:
235:
234:
229:
224:
219:
214:
209:
204:
197:
194:
193:
192:
188:
185:
178:
174:
165:
162:
161:
160:
157:
154:
147:
144:
141:
138:
135:
123:
120:
119:
118:
112:
109:
106:
103:
100:
97:
94:
91:
88:
85:
82:
79:
76:
64:
61:
32:
29:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1439:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1327:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1276:
1273:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1219:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1170:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1115:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1056:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
998:
995:
990:
986:
981:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
952:
948:
940:
938:
934:
929:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
901:
897:
894:(5): e95369.
893:
889:
885:
878:
875:
870:
866:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
838:
835:
830:
826:
821:
816:
812:
808:
804:
797:
794:
789:
782:
779:
774:
770:
766:
762:
757:
752:
748:
744:
739:
734:
730:
726:
722:
714:
711:
706:
702:
696:
693:
682:on 2000-10-14
681:
677:
671:
668:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
638:
633:
629:
625:
621:
614:
612:
608:
603:
599:
594:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
553:
550:
545:
543:9781535875486
539:
535:
534:
526:
523:
520:
519:0-8342-1726-0
516:
510:
507:
502:
498:
491:
484:
482:
478:
473:
466:
459:
457:
455:
451:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
421:
416:
412:
408:
404:
396:
394:
390:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
341:
337:
333:
326:
324:
322:
318:
313:
309:
303:
300:
288:
284:
280:
276:
271:
266:
262:
258:
254:
247:
244:
237:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
199:
195:
189:
186:
183:
179:
175:
171:
170:
169:
163:
158:
155:
152:
148:
145:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
131:
129:
121:
116:
113:
110:
107:
104:
101:
98:
95:
92:
89:
86:
83:
80:
77:
74:
73:
72:
69:
62:
60:
57:
54:education or
53:
49:
45:
41:
39:
30:
28:
26:
18:
1343:(1): 82–92.
1340:
1336:
1326:
1289:
1285:
1275:
1232:
1228:
1218:
1183:
1179:
1169:
1128:
1124:
1114:
1069:
1065:
1055:
1012:
1008:
997:
954:
950:
891:
887:
877:
852:
849:Rheumatology
848:
837:
810:
806:
796:
787:
781:
728:
724:
713:
704:
695:
684:. Retrieved
680:the original
670:
627:
623:
567:
563:
552:
532:
525:
509:
500:
496:
472:Xchanges.org
471:
410:
406:
339:
335:
312:the original
302:
290:. Retrieved
263:(4): 853–7.
260:
257:Eur Respir J
256:
246:
222:Managed care
167:
125:
70:
66:
48:managed care
42:
34:
24:
23:
1411:Categories
1384:References
1072:(1): 393.
686:2020-05-01
359:11475/7508
52:preventive
1357:1359-1053
1249:2514-1775
1202:0278-2715
1145:0145-7217
1088:1472-6963
1029:2056-5933
971:1468-2060
869:1462-0324
773:247106044
747:0028-4793
646:0315-162X
584:2056-5933
445:249521050
429:1468-2060
368:1468-2060
238:Footnotes
1373:23376047
1365:24591120
1318:27536087
1267:34755027
1210:18780935
1153:19419972
1106:25227734
1047:35459751
1009:RMD Open
989:33962964
928:24840205
888:PLOS ONE
829:24726790
765:35213105
756:10367430
662:27792650
654:21807802
602:35459751
564:RMD Open
437:35676076
376:25735643
292:31 March
279:25271227
196:See also
164:Outcomes
63:Benefits
31:Overview
1427:Patient
1309:4976914
1258:8570153
1161:3692863
1097:4175625
1038:9036425
980:8458093
919:4026323
896:Bibcode
593:9036425
384:2370392
1371:
1363:
1355:
1316:
1306:
1265:
1255:
1247:
1208:
1200:
1159:
1151:
1143:
1104:
1094:
1086:
1045:
1035:
1027:
987:
977:
969:
926:
916:
867:
827:
771:
763:
753:
745:
701:"Home"
660:
652:
644:
600:
590:
582:
540:
517:
443:
435:
427:
382:
374:
366:
287:315598
285:
277:
1369:S2CID
1157:S2CID
769:S2CID
658:S2CID
493:(PDF)
468:(PDF)
441:S2CID
380:S2CID
283:S2CID
1361:PMID
1353:ISSN
1314:PMID
1263:PMID
1245:ISSN
1206:PMID
1198:ISSN
1149:PMID
1141:ISSN
1102:PMID
1084:ISSN
1043:PMID
1025:ISSN
985:PMID
967:ISSN
924:PMID
865:ISSN
825:PMID
761:PMID
743:ISSN
650:PMID
642:ISSN
598:PMID
580:ISSN
538:ISBN
515:ISBN
433:PMID
425:ISSN
372:PMID
364:ISSN
294:2022
275:PMID
1345:doi
1304:PMC
1294:doi
1253:PMC
1237:doi
1188:doi
1133:doi
1092:PMC
1074:doi
1033:PMC
1017:doi
975:PMC
959:doi
914:PMC
904:doi
857:doi
815:doi
751:PMC
733:doi
729:386
632:doi
588:PMC
572:doi
415:doi
354:hdl
344:doi
265:doi
149:Be
1413::
1367:.
1359:.
1351:.
1341:21
1339:.
1335:.
1312:.
1302:.
1290:11
1288:.
1284:.
1261:.
1251:.
1243:.
1231:.
1227:.
1204:.
1196:.
1184:27
1182:.
1178:.
1155:.
1147:.
1139:.
1129:35
1127:.
1123:.
1100:.
1090:.
1082:.
1070:14
1068:.
1064:.
1041:.
1031:.
1023:.
1011:.
1007:.
983:.
973:.
965:.
955:80
953:.
949:.
936:^
922:.
912:.
902:.
890:.
886:.
863:.
853:63
851:.
847:.
823:.
811:57
809:.
805:.
767:.
759:.
749:.
741:.
727:.
723:.
703:.
656:.
648:.
640:.
628:38
626:.
622:.
610:^
596:.
586:.
578:.
566:.
562:.
501:14
499:.
495:.
480:^
470:.
453:^
439:.
431:.
423:.
411:81
409:.
405:.
392:^
378:.
370:.
362:.
352:.
340:74
338:.
334:.
320:^
281:.
273:.
261:44
259:.
255:.
1375:.
1347::
1320:.
1296::
1269:.
1239::
1233:5
1212:.
1190::
1163:.
1135::
1108:.
1076::
1049:.
1019::
1013:8
991:.
961::
930:.
906::
898::
892:9
871:.
859::
831:.
817::
775:.
735::
707:.
689:.
664:.
634::
604:.
574::
568:8
546:.
474:.
447:.
417::
386:.
356::
346::
296:.
267::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
