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there are many
Adventist pastors electing for military chaplaincy positions, supporting combatants and non-combatants alike. On Veteran’s Day, American churches across the country take time to give honor and respect to those who “served their country,” without any attempt to differentiate how they served, whether as bomber pilots, Navy Seals, or
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was set up as an organization to bring together people in these groups and members of the historic peace churches. In some countries, e.g. the United States, it has broadened its scope to include members of other religions or none, and people whose position is not strictly for nonviolence. However,
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service within and outside the military. In practice today, as a pastor from the
Seventh-day Adventist church comments in an online magazine run by members of the Seventh-Day Adventist church: "Today in a volunteer army a lot of Adventist young men and women join the military in combat positions, and
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The
Brethren encyclopedia 1983 p608 "The American Civil War brought the peace churches together in combined appeals to government, both in the North and in the South ... This conference used the term historic peace churches as more acceptable to Mennonites than the term pacifist churches because the
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We feel bound explicitly to avow our unshaken persuasion that War is utterly incompatible with the plain precepts of our divine Lord and Law-giver, and with the whole spirit of the Gospel; and that no plea of necessity or policy, however urgent or peculiar, can avail to release either individuals or
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Law review digest 1957 "Among the peace churches may be listed the
Mennonite, Brethren, Friends, Christadelphians and Molakans. Other sects having a degree of pacifism in their doctrines include the Seventh Day Adventists, Assemblies of God and Churches of Christ. A more complex situation arises in
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Concise
Encyclopedia of Amish, Brethren, Hutterites, and Mennonites p6 Donald B. Kraybill – 2010 "In 1935, BRETHREN, Mennonites, and Quakers met in North Newton, Kansas, for a conference on peace. The term HISTORIC PEACE CHURCHES was developed at this conference in order to distinguish between the
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military roles, such as unarmed medical personnel, or performing non-battlefield services that assist nations in wartime, such as manufacturing munitions. One position might argue that Jesus would never object to helping people who are suffering, while another might object that doing so contributes
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The
Doukhobors were a sect who fled southern Russian in 1899 after being persecuted for their religious and political views. Fiercely pacifist, they rejected secular government and ignored the liturgy and procedures of the organized church, believing God resided in each individual rather than in a
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The
Molokan Russians were an ascetic religious sect of the Russian Orthodox Church that settled in the Boyle Heights neighborhood of Los Angeles in 1904-1906. Their religious ideals included pacifism; indeed, the demands of the Russian draft for the Russian-Japanese War were cited as the cause of
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Peace churches, especially those with sufficient financial and organizational resources, have attempted to heal the ravages of war without favoritism. This has often aroused controversy, as when the
Quakers sent large shipments of food and medicine to
983:, and resources to support conscientious objection to war. However, in the United States and worldwide, many church members are active in military service and the church provides active duty chaplaincy for outreach and ministry to military personnel.
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p36 – 2006 "CHAPTER TWO The
Historic Peace Churches – The three historic peace churches that united to lobby for reforming the treatment of conscientious objectors during World War II shared many religious beliefs, but they also differed in many
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2010 p265 "The
Selective Service, in collaboration with the historic peace churches, created Civilian Public Service to provide ... In October 1940, to coordinate administration of the CPS camps, the historic peace churches established the NSBRO.
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Among all Christian denominations, there have always been groups of members who advocate nonviolence, but certain churches have consistently supported it since their foundation. Besides the three historic peace churches, they include the
755:. But after a series of court rulings, this requirement was dropped. In the United States, one may now claim conscientious objector status based on a personal belief system that need not be Christian, nor even based on religion.
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are one of only a small number of churches whose identity as a denomination is directly linked to the issue of Christian pacifism. Although the grouping which later took the name "Christadelphian" had largely separated from the
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denomination that advocate pacifism. On 29 June 1895, the Doukhobors, in what is known as the "Burning of the Arms", "piled up their swords, guns, and other weapons and burned them in large bonfires while they sang psalms".
999:, tend toward pacifist views. This means that they believe that the use of coercion and/or force may be acceptable for purposes of personal self-defense but that resorting to warfare is not an option open to Christians.
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indirectly to violence by freeing other people to engage in it. Most peace churches support alternative service options such as service to refugees or in hospitals, as long as they are not associated with the military.
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stand opposed to carnal warfare, based on Matthew 26:52; Revelation 13:10; Romans 12:19–21. They believe the weapons of their warfare to not be carnal but spiritual (II Corinthians 10:3–5; Ephesians 6:11–18).
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What would happen if the Christian church stationed as many praying Christians as the U.S. government has sent armed guerrillas across that troubled border? ... Do we not have as much courage and faith as
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In America the first conference of historic peace churches was held in 1935 in Kansas. Five years later in Canada, the Conference of Historic Peace Churches was formed in Ontario in 1940, headed by
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Christadelphians were exempted and performed civil work – though some of the small number of Christadelphians in Germany were imprisoned and one executed. The position was maintained through the
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nations for the paramount allegiance which they owe to Him who hath said, "Love your enemies." Therefore, we cannot participate in war (Rom. 12:19), war activities, or compulsory training.
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Molokan means "Milk Drinker." This name was given the Molokans in Russia by the Orthodox, because they were dissidents from the regular church, led communal lives, and were pacifists.
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guinea pigs. I have yet to see a service honoring those who ran away to Canada to avoid participation in the senseless carnage of Vietnam in their Biblical pacifism."
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605:, but agree that the teachings of Jesus were to explain the principles of the Kingdom of God rather than and contrasted with the ways of any earthly government.
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975:(formerly known as the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints) is emerging as an international peace church through such ministries as the
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Stievermann, Jan. "A 'Plain, Rejected Little Flock': The Politics of Martyrological Self-Fashioning among Pennsylvania's German Peace Churches, 1739-65."
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in regions of conflict. This was motivated by the desire for Christians to take peacemaking as seriously as soldiers and governments take war-making.
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1611:"Taxonomy of 3 Spiritual Christian groups: Molokane, Pryguny and Dukh-i-zhizniki — books, fellowship, holidays, prophets and songs"
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known for their opposition to war today; they are known as "Holiness Pacifists". The Emmanuel Association, for example, teaches:
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was imminent Christadelphians in the British Empire took the same stance, though frequently faced military tribunals. During the
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in the face of violence. These churches generally concur that violence on behalf of nations and their governments is contrary to
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At one time, active membership in and acceptance of the beliefs of one of the peace churches was required for obtaining
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582:(from 1863) and others who did not participate in the conference of the "historic peace churches" in Kansas in 1935.
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2535:; edited by I. William Zartman, and J. Lewis Rasmussen. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace Press.
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in other countries (e.g., the United Kingdom) it remains essentially an organization of Christian nonviolence.
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In addition to the Schwarzenau Brethren and Mennonites, other Anabaptist Christian fellowships, such as the
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1945:
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Ethics of Conviction and Civic Responsibility: Conscientious War Resisters in America During the World Wars
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latter connoted theological liberalism. Called without prior agenda, the three-day meeting concluded with "
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are now more conflicted. Contemporary Churches of Christ, especially those that hold with the teachings of
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saving his pursuer, an act of mercy that led to his recapture, after which he was burned at the stake near
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to represent Mennonite, Brethren, and Quaker churches as they sought exemption from military service.
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connection with those registrants who do not base their nonresistant claims on church membership. "
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This phrase has been used since the first conference of the peace churches in Kansas in 1935.
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As noted above, there are peace groups within most mainstream Christian denominations. The
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728:. These groups have disagreed, both internally and with each other, about the propriety of
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Adventists had sought and obtained exemption as conscientious objectors in 1864, and the
1682:"Essay on Shaker History – Shaker Historic Trail – National Register of Historic Places"
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1433:"Brethren in Christ Weren't the Only "Holiness Pacifists" in the Early 20th Century"
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Writings on Christian Nonresistance and Pacifism from Anabaptist-Mennonite Sources
2236:
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Christian Peacemaking and International Conflict: A Realist Pacifist Perspective
2008:"Historic 1895 Burning of Guns : descriptions, selections and translations"
1931:
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Peace is the Way: Writings on Nonviolence from the Fellowship of Reconciliation
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789:, an international organization that works to reduce violence and systematic
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In the 1980s, the Quakers, Brethren, and Mennonites came together to create
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are two charitable denominational agencies set up to provide such healing.
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How Christians Made Peace With War: Early Christian Understandings of War
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refers specifically only to three church groups among pacifist churches:
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was executed in Brandenburg military detention prison on April 3, 1941 "
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is controversial. Most believers adhere strictly to a moral attitude of
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Speicher, Sara and Durnbaugh, Donald F. (2003), Ecumenical Dictionary:
1086:
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768:
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411:
217:
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1950:. Birmingham, UK: Christadelphian Magazine and Publishing Association.
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2898:
578:
The definition of "peace churches" is sometimes expanded to include
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1802:
3008:
2420:
1459:
Quest for Piety and Obedience: The Story of the Brethren in Christ
645:
626:
612:
586:
538:
318:
2670:– Anabaptist-related publisher of Historic Peace Church materials
954:
denomination that advocate pacifism. They have historically been
2339:
Communication Services of Community of Christ, Independence Mo.
2313:
Communication Services of Community of Christ, Independence Mo.
2138:
Black Fire: One Hundred Years of African American Pentecostalism
1703:"PCPJ – Pentecostals & Charismatics for Peace & Justice"
1702:
771:
2677:
1823:
1312:
The United States and the Second World War: New Perspectives on
1284:
Smoke jumping on the Western fire line: conscientious objectors
747:
status in the United States, and hence exemption from military
2662:
2604:
The Principle of Nonresistance as Held by the Mennonite Church
1967:. Birmingham, UK: Christadelphian Auxiliary Lecturing Society.
2533:
Peacemaking in International Conflict: Methods and Techniques
2103:. The Sound of Trumpet Ministries. 17 March 1960. p. 14.
1336:"The Amish: Massacre at the Amish school in Nickel Mines, PA"
2505:
The Anabaptists Are Back: Making Peace in a Dangerous World
2341:"Community of Christ International Peace Award Nominations"
1928:
Houses on the sand?: pacifist denominations in Nazi Germany
1725:
Peace to War: Shifting Allegiances in the Assemblies of God
2315:"Community of Christ International Peace Award Honor Roll"
2580:
Exercise of Conscience: A World War II Objector Remembers
2531:
Sampson, Cynthia (1999) "Religion and Peacebuilding." In
2170:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. pp. 73–74, 98–99, 124.
2006:
Tarasoff, Koozma J.; Conovaloff, Andrei (June 24, 2009).
991:
Once containing a relatively large nonviolence faction,
2034:
Negotiated Memory: Doukhobor Autobiographical Discourse
971:
Although non-credal and not explicitly pacifist, the
2649:– organization working to create more peace churches
2646:
2168:
Pentecostal and Holiness Statements on War and Peace
833:
in 1863 under the name "Christadelphians." When the
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movement in Scotland and America after 1848, it was
3525:
3390:
3319:
Non Violent Resistance (psychological intervention)
3214:
3037:
2891:
2715:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2059:
The Encyclopedia of Cults, Sects, and New Religions
2883:Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
2596:. Millersburg, OH: Amish Mennonite Publications.
1582:
1384:. Anabaptistchurch.org. 2007-06-20. Archived from
593:. Whether physical force can ever be justified in
2115:Guidebook of the Emmanuel Association of Churches
1632:"Brethern, Schwenkfelders and Other Plain People"
2606:. Ephrata, PA: Eastern Mennonite Publications.
2101:Discipline of the Reformed Free Methodist Church
2225:Doctrinal Points of the Church of God (7th Day)
2191:Historical Dictionary of Seventh-day Adventists
2089:: First Bible Holiness Church. 1956. p. 4.
1775:Biographical Dictionary of Modern Peace Leaders
1186:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
900:
2611:Biblical Pacifism: A Peace Church Perspective
1981:. Apa Publications. 1 June 2016. p. 957.
513:, including all daughter churches such as the
3334:Refusal to serve in the Israel Defense Forces
2689:
1222:A Guide to the Study of The Holiness Movement
977:Community of Christ International Peace Award
933:The different groups evolving under the name
472:
8:
2417:"International Fellowship of Reconciliation"
2415:Stan Morris; Naomi Bolderhey; Laura Visser.
2301:their flight from Russia in the first place.
1585:Fruit of the Vine: A History of the Brethren
1507:"Pacifism and Anastasia's Doukhobor Village"
724:, abandoned pacifism around the time of the
1847:"History | Christian Peacemaker Teams"
1825:About CPT | Christian Peacemaker Teams
1535:. University Press of America. p. 54.
498:churches, groups or communities advocating
2696:
2682:
2674:
2642:Who are the Historic Peace Churches (HPC)?
2366:"Peace and justice events, issues, action"
2254:. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 406.
1777:. Connecticut: Greenwood. pp. 878–9.
479:
465:
56:
36:
3287:Global Day of Action on Military Spending
2594:Why We Are Conscientious Objectors to War
1559:. Dunkard Brethren Church. Archived from
1258:
1256:
1049:Baptist Peace Fellowship of North America
2636:Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia
751:, or for those already in the military,
2204:"Adventist Tomorrow: Militant Pacifism"
1212:
48:
3019:Soviet influence on the peace movement
2166:Beaman, Jay; Pipkin, Brian K. (2013).
1964:War and Politics: The Christian's Duty
1799:"Selective Service System: Fast Facts"
1263:groups' biblically based peaceful ..."
823:conscription in the American Civil War
27:Christian churches advocating pacifism
3206:World March for Peace and Nonviolence
2136:Alexander, Estrelda Y. (3 May 2011).
1916:The Christadelphians in North America
7:
3363:Third Party Non-violent Intervention
2582:. Buffalo, NY: Prometheus Books.
2554:; Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 2003.
1176:Religious Freedom Peace Tax Fund Act
502:or Biblical nonresistance. The term
2658:Pacifism And Biblical Nonresistance
2552:Jesus and the Nonviolent Revolution
2083:Manual: First Bible Holiness Church
1081:, three buildings built by and for
825:which caused their local church in
3588:Peacebuilding in Jammu and Kashmir
3485:Anti-war protests in Russia (2014)
2773:Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp
2140:. InterVarsity Press. p. 82.
1039:American Friends Service Committee
908:Seventh-day Adventist Church, 1867
890:, First Bible Holiness Church and
776:American Friends Service Committee
712:, and even some groups within the
25:
3080:International Day of Non-Violence
2738:Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions
2491:The Journey Toward Reconciliation
888:Church of God (Guthrie, Oklahoma)
3490:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
2613:. Elgin, IL: Brethren Press.
2493:. Scottdale, PA: Herald Press.
1359:. Hutterites.org. Archived from
1022:
916:from 1914 has a long history of
448:
2863:Social Democratic Party (Japan)
2507:. Scottdale, PA: Herald Press.
2503:Ruth-Heffelbower, Duane (1991)
2343:. Cofchrist.org. Archived from
2317:. Cofchrist.org. Archived from
1509:. Doukhobor.org. Archived from
1409:. Geocities.com. Archived from
892:Christ's Sanctified Holy Church
797:Other Christian pacifist groups
2783:List of pacifist organisations
2568:. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books.
2521:. Scottdale PA: Herald Press.
2463:. Scottdale PA: Herald Press.
2447:. Scottdale PA: Herald Press.
2278:Waters, Tony (31 March 1999).
1873:. Mennonite World Conference.
1634:. Horseshoe.cc. Archived from
1431:Thomas, Devin (18 June 2014).
1089:after granted permission from
1064:Center on Conscience & War
880:Reformed Free Methodist Church
585:The peace churches agree that
165:Separation of church and state
1:
2284:. SAGE Publications. p.
2250:Hennacy, Ammon (1 May 2010).
1727:. Cascadia Publishing House.
1310:G. Kurt Piehler, Sidney Pash
1220:Jones, Charles Edwin (1974).
3189:World Peace Bell Association
3090:Dialogue Among Civilizations
2793:New Socialist Party of Japan
2778:Iraq War resisters in Canada
2743:Coalition of Women for Peace
2479:. Scottdale: Herald Press.
1751:. Quaker.org. Archived from
1457:Wittlinger, Carlton (1978).
1044:Anglican Pacifist Fellowship
1009:Fellowship of Reconciliation
1003:Fellowship of Reconciliation
914:Seventh-day Adventist Church
529:Religious Society of Friends
3357:The whole world is watching
3125:Peace & Love (festival)
3075:Imagine Piano Peace Project
2647:Every Church a Peace Church
2489:Lederach, John Paul (1999)
780:Mennonite Central Committee
666:Old German Baptist Brethren
633:Blessed are the Peacemakers
515:Old German Baptist Brethren
160:Priesthood of all believers
3643:
3480:2011 intervention in Libya
3100:List of places named Peace
3085:International Day of Peace
2803:Peace and conflict studies
2723:Anti-nuclear organizations
2578:Van Dyck, Harry R. (1990)
2540:William and Mary Quarterly
2419:. Ifor.org. Archived from
1875:Christian Peacemaker Teams
1773:Josephson, Harold (1985).
1581:Durnbaugh, Donald (1997).
1407:"Old Order River Brethren"
1054:Brethren Volunteer Service
958:for failing to bear arms.
884:Immanuel Missionary Church
800:
787:Christian Peacemaker Teams
566:Apostolic Christian Church
349:Mennonite World Conference
140:Nonconformity to the world
29:
3596:
3115:Nobel Peace Prize Concert
3110:Mother's Day Proclamation
3060:Dances of Universal Peace
2873:The Women's Peace Crusade
2668:Cascadia Publishing House
2564:Wink, Walter, ed. (2000)
2475:Friesen, Duane K. (1986)
2281:Crime and Immigrant Youth
2036:. UBC Press. p. 37.
1979:The Rough Guide to Canada
1801:. Sss.gov. Archived from
1557:"Dunkard Brethren Church"
1074:Christianity and violence
962:Partially pacifist groups
929:Churches of God (7th day)
894:are denominations in the
718:Finished Work Pentecostal
3376:Violence begets violence
3309:Non-aggression principle
3179:The Non-Violence Project
3159:Promoting Enduring Peace
3142:Promoting Enduring Peace
2798:Pacifist Socialist Party
2393:. Mun.ca. Archived from
2057:Lewis, James R. (2001).
1994:building or institution.
1870:God's People Reconciling
1723:Alexander, Paul (2009).
1657:"Moravian Peacebuilders"
1488:. The Brethren in Christ
1338:. Religioustolerance.org
1059:Catholic Worker Movement
670:Old Order River Brethren
572:teach pacifism as well.
30:Not to be confused with
3470:Military action in Iran
3105:Monuments and memorials
3055:Concert Yutel for Peace
2858:React, Include, Recycle
2788:List of peace activists
2753:Conscientious objectors
2631:Historic Peace Churches
2592:McGrath, Willam (1980)
2237:"Church of God 7th Day"
1299:Historic Peace Churches
1131:List of peace activists
1126:List of pacifist faiths
1121:Jewish Peace Fellowship
1101:Civilian Public Service
935:Church of God (7th day)
831:conscientious objectors
716:movement. The largest
654:Conservative Mennonites
551:Conservative Mennonites
504:historic peace churches
455:Christianity portal
339:Conservative Mennonites
119:Doctrines and practices
62:A 1685 illustration by
3391:Opposition to specific
3346:Swords to ploughshares
3340:Soldiers are murderers
2733:Anti-war organizations
2542:66.2 (2009): 287-324.
2125:. 2002. p. 15-17.
1749:"issue-12-alexander-1"
1531:Moroi, Yuichi (2008).
1483:"Christians & War"
1136:Martin Luther King Jr.
1096:Civilian-based defense
981:Daily Prayer for Peace
905:
808:Christadelphians, 1863
745:conscientious objector
640:
624:
511:Church of the Brethren
208:Schleitheim Confession
125:Theology of Anabaptism
3627:Christian terminology
3393:wars or their aspects
3314:Nonviolent resistance
3164:Show of Peace Concert
2929:Anti-nuclear movement
2550:Trocmé, André (1961)
2517:Sider, Ronald (1979)
1947:The Gospel and Strife
827:Ogle County, Illinois
801:Further information:
698:Bruderhof Communities
630:
616:
364:Old Colony Mennonites
3475:Sri Lankan Civil War
3369:Turn the other cheek
3184:University for Peace
3095:List of peace prizes
2443:Driver, Juan (1970)
2123:Emmanuel Association
2061:. Prometheus Books.
2012:Spirit-Wrestlers.com
1877:. Strasbourg, France
1613:. Conovaloff, Andrei
876:Emmanuel Association
676:, and others in the
650:Old Order Mennonites
547:Old Order Mennonites
384:Schwarzenau Brethren
369:Old Order Mennonites
324:Apostolic Christians
213:Dordrecht Confession
3517:Nuclear disarmament
3500:in Russian Far East
3257:Department of Peace
3242:Counter-recruitment
3237:Conflict resolution
3227:Central Park be-ins
3215:Slogans and tactics
3194:Japanese Peace Bell
2984:Non-interventionism
2979:Modern-war pacifism
2917:Christian anarchism
2609:Brown, Dale (1985)
2519:Christ and Violence
2032:Rak, Julie (2005).
1926:James Irvin Lichti
1867:Sider, Ron (1984).
1382:"Anabaptists Today"
1030:Christianity portal
973:Community of Christ
967:Community of Christ
952:Spiritual Christian
923:Operation Whitecoat
863:Spiritual Christian
753:honorable discharge
658:Holdeman Mennonites
155:Freedom of religion
107:Sermon on the Mount
102:Radical Reformation
80:in the present-day
3411:American Civil War
3303:Make love, not war
3277:Economic sanctions
3232:Civil disobedience
3065:Festival for Peace
3038:Media and cultural
3024:Testimony of peace
2944:Christian pacifism
2391:"Civil Government"
1589:. Brethren Press.
1437:Brethren in Christ
1236:"The Way of Peace"
1224:. p. 213-314.
1191:Testimony of peace
1091:Austrian Habsburgs
1069:Christian pacifism
993:Churches of Christ
987:Churches of Christ
870:Holiness Pacifists
803:Christian pacifism
720:denomination, the
674:Brethren in Christ
641:
625:
603:Christian morality
558:Hutterian Brethren
500:Christian pacifism
379:Russian Mennonites
359:Mennonite Brethren
329:Brethren in Christ
261:Balthasar Hubmaier
130:Believer's baptism
3609:
3608:
3512:Military taxation
3382:War tax resisters
2949:Deterrence theory
2728:Anti-war movement
2663:NonResistance.Org
2397:on April 10, 2009
2252:The Book of Ammon
2147:978-0-8308-2586-8
1903:Sects and Society
1828:(Speech). Cpt.org
1734:978-1-931038-58-4
1461:. Evangel Press.
1201:John Howard Yoder
1111:Diane Drufenbrock
1079:Churches of Peace
896:holiness movement
829:, to register as
722:Assemblies of God
622:Boardman Robinson
595:defending oneself
489:
488:
427:Inspirationalists
396:Related movements
32:Churches of Peace
16:(Redirected from
3634:
3436:list of protests
3297:Lesson of Munich
3252:Demilitarisation
3130:Peace journalism
2924:Anti-imperialism
2907:Anarcho-pacifism
2843:Peace psychology
2823:Peace conference
2818:Peace commission
2763:Culture of Peace
2698:
2691:
2684:
2675:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2412:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2368:. Archived from
2362:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2233:
2227:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2200:
2194:
2188:
2182:
2181:
2163:
2152:
2151:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1961:Watkins, Peter.
1958:
1952:
1951:
1944:Norris, Alfred.
1941:
1935:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1897:
1891:
1890:
1884:
1882:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1820:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1699:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1659:. Archived from
1653:
1647:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1628:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1588:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1493:
1487:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1445:
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1428:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1403:
1397:
1396:
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1393:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1332:
1326:
1322:
1316:
1308:
1302:
1294:
1288:
1280:
1274:
1270:
1264:
1260:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1217:
1181:Seagoing cowboys
1032:
1027:
1026:
839:Second World War
814:Christadelphians
726:Second World War
690:Dunkard Brethren
580:Christadelphians
537:, including the
523:Dunkard Brethren
481:
474:
467:
453:
452:
256:Melchior Hoffman
60:
37:
21:
3642:
3641:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3632:
3631:
3612:
3611:
3610:
3605:
3592:
3521:
3465:Afghanistan War
3416:Second Boer War
3392:
3386:
3210:
3033:
2887:
2833:Peace education
2716:Peace advocates
2711:
2702:
2627:
2440:
2438:Further reading
2435:
2426:
2424:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2400:
2398:
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2388:
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2375:
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2364:
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2307:
2296:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2262:
2249:
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2244:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2223:
2219:
2209:
2207:
2202:
2201:
2197:
2189:
2185:
2178:
2165:
2164:
2155:
2148:
2135:
2134:
2130:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2069:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2044:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2016:
2014:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1989:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1960:
1959:
1955:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1925:
1921:
1913:
1909:
1900:Bryan R. Wilson
1898:
1894:
1880:
1878:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1852:
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1580:
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1491:
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1261:
1254:
1244:
1242:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1219:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1205:
1028:
1021:
1018:
1005:
989:
969:
964:
944:
931:
910:
872:
855:
835:First World War
810:
805:
799:
694:Dukh-i-zhizniki
611:
485:
447:
442:
441:
417:Radical Pietism
397:
389:
388:
314:
306:
305:
296:Michael Sattler
286:Pilgram Marpeck
241:George Blaurock
236:
228:
227:
203:
195:
194:
120:
112:
111:
92:
84:
66:, published in
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3640:
3638:
3630:
3629:
3624:
3622:Peace churches
3614:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3597:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3578:United Kingdom
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3529:
3527:
3523:
3522:
3520:
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3408:
3396:
3394:
3388:
3387:
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3384:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3360:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3203:
3201:Women in Black
3198:
3197:
3196:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3127:
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3107:
3102:
3097:
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3082:
3077:
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3062:
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3052:
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3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2964:Green politics
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2934:Antimilitarism
2931:
2926:
2921:
2920:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2901:
2895:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2838:Peace movement
2835:
2830:
2828:Peace congress
2825:
2820:
2815:
2813:Peace churches
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2768:ECOPEACE Party
2765:
2760:
2758:Counterculture
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2712:
2709:peace movement
2703:
2701:
2700:
2693:
2686:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2644:
2639:
2626:
2625:External links
2623:
2622:
2621:
2607:
2597:
2590:
2576:
2562:
2547:
2546:
2536:
2529:
2515:
2501:
2487:
2472:
2471:
2456:
2455:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2433:
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2183:
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2146:
2128:
2106:
2092:
2074:
2067:
2049:
2042:
2024:
1998:
1987:
1970:
1953:
1936:
1930:p65 – 2008 -"
1919:
1907:
1892:
1859:
1838:
1815:
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1715:
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1498:
1474:
1467:
1449:
1423:
1398:
1373:
1348:
1327:
1317:
1303:
1289:
1282:Mark Matthews
1275:
1265:
1252:
1227:
1211:
1209:
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1204:
1203:
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1193:
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1183:
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1034:
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1004:
1001:
997:David Lipscomb
988:
985:
968:
965:
963:
960:
943:
940:
930:
927:
909:
906:
871:
868:
854:
851:
809:
806:
798:
795:
767:, and to U.S.-
702:Schwenkfelders
638:George Bellows
610:
607:
562:River Brethren
554:
553:
532:
531:(Quakers); and
526:
492:Peace churches
487:
486:
484:
483:
476:
469:
461:
458:
457:
444:
443:
440:
439:
437:Neo-Anabaptism
434:
429:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
402:Schwenkfelders
398:
395:
394:
391:
390:
387:
386:
381:
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374:River Brethren
371:
366:
361:
356:
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336:
331:
326:
321:
315:
313:Largest groups
312:
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298:
293:
288:
283:
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276:Alexander Mack
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69:Martyrs Mirror
61:
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26:
24:
14:
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10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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3620:
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3599:
3598:
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3586:
3584:
3583:United States
3581:
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3571:
3569:
3566:
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3446:
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3443:War on Terror
3441:
3437:
3434:
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3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
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3399:War of 1812 (
3398:
3397:
3395:
3389:
3383:
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3373:
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3361:
3358:
3354:
3352:
3349:
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3344:
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3332:
3330:
3329:Peacebuilding
3327:
3325:
3322:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3300:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3267:Draft evasion
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3247:De-escalation
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
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3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3219:
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3155:
3152:
3150:
3149:Peace One Day
3147:
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3140:
3138:
3137:
3133:
3132:
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3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
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2980:
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2954:Direct action
2952:
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2937:
2935:
2932:
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2927:
2925:
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2912:Anarcho-punks
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2461:Radical Faith
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617:
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519:Old Brethren
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301:Menno Simons
271:Jakob Hutter
170:Foot washing
97:Christianity
74:Dirk Willems
67:
18:Peace church
3573:Switzerland
3558:Netherlands
3431:Vietnam War
3421:World War I
3292:Human Be-In
3029:World peace
2994:Nonviolence
2959:Finvenkismo
2939:Appeasement
2853:Peaceworker
2600:Horsch, Joh
2017:October 31,
1932:Albert Merz
1914:Lippey. C.
1196:Leo Tolstoy
1166:Pax Christi
1156:Nonviolence
849:and today.
847:Vietnam War
819:Campbellite
765:Vietnam War
763:during the
714:Pentecostal
680:tradition;
591:nonviolence
180:Plain dress
82:Netherlands
3616:Categories
3538:Costa Rica
3324:Peace walk
3136:Peace News
3014:Satyagraha
2999:Pacificism
2989:Nonkilling
2903:Anarchism
2892:Ideologies
2808:Peace camp
2427:2010-05-02
2401:2010-05-02
2376:2010-06-03
2351:2010-05-02
2325:2010-05-02
2119:Logansport
1853:2010-05-02
1832:2010-05-02
1809:2010-05-02
1759:2010-05-02
1709:2010-05-02
1705:. Pcpf.org
1688:2010-05-02
1667:2008-09-18
1642:2010-05-02
1617:2016-10-16
1567:2010-05-02
1517:2010-05-02
1492:2009-06-28
1417:2010-05-02
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1367:2010-05-02
1357:"Religion"
1342:2010-05-02
1208:References
1116:Doukhobors
956:persecuted
859:Doukhobors
853:Doukhobors
843:Korean War
682:Doukhobors
678:Anabaptist
662:Hutterites
636:(1917) by
620:(1916) by
589:advocated
535:Mennonites
354:Mennonites
344:Hutterites
281:Felix Manz
246:Hans Denck
235:Key people
91:Background
64:Jan Luyken
50:Anabaptism
3526:Countries
3507:Landmines
3495:in Russia
3453:Criticism
3262:Desertion
2748:Code Pink
2193:Gary Land
1888:soldiers?
1849:. Cpt.org
1684:. Nps.gov
1240:Bruderhof
1141:Mennonite
1083:Lutherans
791:injustice
769:embargoed
706:Moravians
570:Bruderhof
496:Christian
422:Moravians
334:Bruderhof
202:Documents
175:Holy kiss
150:Free will
135:Lovefeast
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407:Baptists
266:Hans Hut
185:Shunning
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3543:Germany
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2459:(1999)
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609:History
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587:Jesus
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