389:) pedal system. Whereas Look cleats are large and protrude from the sole of the shoe, SPD cleats are small and could be fitted in a recess in the sole, making it possible to walk (although comfort will vary, as the soles of different cycling shoes vary in their rigidity, depending on design). Cycling shoes have rigid soles to maximize power transfer and efficiency. They may be specific to road or mountain biking, or usable for both. Shoes designed for mountain biking typically have recessed cleats that do not protrude beyond the sole of the shoe, and have treads for walking on trails, as walking or carrying the bike is often required. Road cycling shoes are typically lighter than their mountain bike counterparts, and feature a protruding cleat and less weatherproofing. The protruding cleat makes these shoes impractical for walking, as doing so can damage the cleat. Mountain bike cleats can generally be mounted without difficulty to road shoes although sometimes an adapter is required. Such attachment is not usually possible for road pedals, as the cleats are normally too large to be mounted on mountain shoes. The smaller mountain bike cleats are attached to the sole of the shoe by two bolts; larger road-specific cleats are attached by three. Various manufacturers have produced their own designs of clipless pedal systems over the years.
401:
wet and muddy conditions and provide better transfer of power. Clipless pedal platform adapters are innovative devices designed to convert regular platform pedals into a temporary clipless pedal system. These adapters provide cyclists with a bridge between traditional flat pedals and clipless pedals, allowing them to experiment with the benefits of clipless riding without immediately committing to dedicated clipless shoes. They can be fastened by using bolts but as they are normally in temporary use, it is also common for them to be mounted using different snap-on techniques. Although it is possible to use clipless pedals with regular footwear, they will be much less comfortable than platform pedals, as the shoe sole is more likely to bend or slip. Despite wide usage, there is no proven advantage of clipless pedals over flat pedals in pedaling effectiveness, net mechanical efficiency, and muscular activity for both non-cyclists and elite cyclists.
234:, platform pedals typically refer to any flat pedal without a cage. BMX riders typically use plastic pedals made of nylon, polycarbonate, or carbon reinforced plastic, although aluminum alloy and magnesium are not uncommon pedal body materials. Mountain bikers tend to use aluminum or magnesium because of the necessary use of metal studs to offer grip while the pedals are wet, muddy and slippery. BMXers tend to prefer platforms to cage pedals because they offer more support and grip for flexible "skate" shoes by using short metal studs. Cage pedals are more popular in the low end mountain bike range. In general, cage pedals are uncommon in all types of biking, although there is a niche market within mountain biking.
262:
294:
that provided by toe clips and strap, enabling for greater pedaling efficiency. Although quill pedals can be used with smoothed-soled cycling shoes or ordinary shoes, they were designed to be used with cycling shoes which had a slotted shoeplate attached to its sole. The disadvantage with this system is that to remove the shoe from the pedal a rider had to reach down and loosen the strap by hand or leave the toe strap loose and thus give up some efficiency. This type of pedal and pedal setup was common for racing cyclists until the mid to late 1980s.
413:
SPD-SL, Look Delta, Look Kéo, and Time cleats are also available in three-degree and zero-degree float. Road pedal systems commonly colour-code cleats by the amount of float offered. Some pedal systems have a fixed (non-adjustable) float, such as six degrees for
Crankbrothers and 4.5 degrees for the Kéo Easy. Most cleats develop more float as they wear. Clipless float pedals significantly attenuate the applied moment without reducing the power transmitted to the bike suggesting using float systems to reduce or prevent knee pain.
321:
468:
332:
453:
480:
306:
133:
1259:
204:
348:
pedal. Clipless refers to the toe clip (cage) having been replaced by a locking mechanism and not to platform pedals which would normally not have toe clips. The clipless pedal was invented by
Charles Hanson in 1895. It allowed the rider to twist the shoe to lock and unlock and had rotational float (the freedom to rotate the shoe slightly to prevent joint strain). The M71 was a clipless pedal designed by Cino
393:
36:
378:
422:
353:
reach down and loosen the toestrap. The lever was placed on the outside edge of the pedal so that in the event of a fall the lever hitting the ground would release the foot. The pedal was designed for racing, in particular track racing, and because of the need to reach down to them to unclip, they have been referred to as "death cleats". In 1984, the
286:
373:
in 1985 then helped secure the acceptance of quick-release clipless pedal systems by cyclists. Those pedals, and compatible models by other manufacturers, remain in widespread use today. The cleat is engaged by simply pushing down and forward on the pedal, or, with some designs, by twisting the cleat
293:
To further improve the quill pedal's efficiency a "cleat" was developed. This cleat consists of a small metal or plastic attachment to the cyclist's shoe. The cleat is slotted and is adapted to engage a quill section of the bicycle pedal. The use of the slotted cleat enhances a cyclist's ability over
214:
One form of the platform pedal had a large flat top area and flat bottom for use with toe clips and toe straps. They were designed for greater comfort when using shoes with less than rigid soles. They typically had a smaller cutaway underside giving greater cornering clearance, which was often needed
273:
To improve the performance of the quill pedal toe clips were added. The toe clip is a thin metal or plastic attachment to the front cage of the pedal. The toe clip is shaped like the toe of a shoe and its function is to prevent a cyclist's shoe from slipping off the pedal during the forward pedaling
252:
Toe clips typically are generally not installed on this type of pedal because they are considered unsafe by some MTB and BMX riders. In downhill racing, the extra power and grip offered by clipped pedals is used at the risk of clipped in crashing in which the bicycle can potentially stay attached to
550:
on its bearing relative to the crank (and so would seem to tighten a right-hand thread), the force from the rider's foot presses the spindle against the crank thread at a point which rolls around clockwise with respect to the crank, thus slowly pulling the outside of the pedal spindle anticlockwise
400:
Platform adapters are designed to temporarily convert clipless pedals into more traditional platform pedals which have a larger and flatter area for the foot to rest on. Clipless pedals can have advantages over flat ones, especially in mountain biking and racing. They keep the foot from slipping in
347:
fitted to the sole, which locks into a mechanism in the pedal and thus holds the shoe firmly to the pedal. Most clipless pedals lock onto the cleat when stepped on firmly and unlock when the heel is twisted outward, although in some cases the locking mechanism is built into the cleat instead of the
269:
The quill pedal is a common pedal system on bicycles. It consists of a main axle section that is attached to the bicycle crank arm and contains extensions from the axle to which parallel cage plates are attached at the front and rear of the pedal. To use the quill pedal, the cyclist pushes his foot
301:
The main difference between track, road, and touring quill pedals is width. Track pedals are narrow and the front and back plates of the cage are separate, road being a little wider with a one piece cage in a shape of a sideways "U", and touring being the widest to allow for comfort when used with
237:
Platform pedals are available in a wide variety of types and prices, ranging from disposable plastic units used for test rides on new bicycles to high-end downhill models. Budget models may be made of steel or aluminum and incorporate reflectors for safer riding on streets at night, in addition to
352:
and produced by his company in 1971. It used a plastic shoe cleat which slid into grooves in the pedal and locked in place with a small lever located on the back side of the pedal body. To release the shoe a rider had to reach down and operate the lever, similar to the way a racing cyclist had to
222:
Attaching the shoes to the pedals gives the user more control over the pedal movements. There are two methods for attaching a cyclist's shoes to their pedals: toe clips – a basket-and-strap device which hold the foot in place – and so-called clipless pedals, where specialized shoes with built-in
297:
Quill pedals are sometimes said to be named for the quill or "pick up tab" on the rear of the pedal. The weight of the toe clip and strap would make the pedal hang upside down, and the rider would tap the quill with their shoe to flip the pedal over so the shoe could be inserted into the pedal.
412:
is defined as the degree of movement offered by the cleat within the pedal before release begins. This can be highly important to prevent damage to knees, as most people's legs do not remain in a single plane as they pedal. Many standard road pedal systems offer cleats with a six-degree float.
302:
wider, non-racing shoes during longer rides. While quill pedals can be used for mountain biking, the use of clips here is dangerous as they do not grip well. Cage pedals built for mountain biking are typically serrated so that even when muddied, the pedals can be gripped well by any flat shoe.
1049:
We agree, and we see the exact same problem with this version from Proton Locks. While it has a big advantage over the Mavic EZ-Ride pedals in that it comes with magnetic plates to bolt onto your own shoes, rather than requiring you buy a specially made pair, it still suffers from a lack of
558:
made pedals and matching cranks that had a 1-inch (25.4 mm) by 24 TPI interface. This was to allow a larger single bearing, as these pedals were designed to work with just one bearing on the crank side rather than the conventional design of one smaller bearing on each side.
274:
motion. A further enhancement of the quill pedal was modifying the toe clip to allow a strap and buckle to go around or through both the pedal and the toe clip to encircle the cyclist's foot on the top of the pedal. This strap is generally made of
429:
Magnetic pedals were introduced as early as 1897, and the Exus Mag Flux Road was available in 1996. Norbert Sadler and
Wolfgang Duerr filed for a patent in 2005, and it has not been granted as of 2012. Established bicycle component manufacturer,
538:
The right-side (usually the drive-side) pedal spindle is right-hand threaded, and the left-side (usually the non-drive-side) pedal spindle is left-hand (reverse) threaded to help prevent it from becoming loose by an effect called
535:(14 mm (0.551 in) metric diameter with 1.25 mm (0.049 in) pitch) threads, and thread loosely into a 9/16 pedal hole. The threading size is often stamped into the crank, near the pedal hole.
845:
Wheeler, Jeffrey B.; Gregor, Robert J.; Broker, Jeffrey P. (May 1995). "The Effect of
Clipless Float Design on Shoe/Pedal interface Kinetics and Overuse Knee injuries during Cycling".
963:...unlimited relative movement, in particular, in rotation, between the bicycle shoe and the pedal, without causing undesired separation of the magnetic non-positive connection.
979:
211:
Traditionally, platform pedals were pedals with a relatively large flat area for the foot to rest on, in contrast to the quill pedal which had very little surface area.
241:
More expensive platform pedals for the mountain bike market are available with replaceable metal traction pins and cartridge bearings. Lightweight pedals intended for
737:
1003:
1178:
1086:
Unscrewing occurs from precession, in which a round object rolling in a circular ring in one direction will itself turn in the opposite direction.
365:
or cleat technology to pedals, producing the first widely used clipless pedals. Initially used by triathletes to facilitate faster "transitions",
756:
951:
920:
374:
in sideways. Then, instead of loosening a toestrap or pulling a lever, the cyclist releases a foot from the pedal by twisting the heel outward.
467:
238:
complying with some traffic laws. Less expensive platform pedals are generally considered disposable and cannot be rebuilt when worn out.
892:
685:
261:
1118:'Precession' refers to the tendency of a part subject to rotating stresses to rotate in the opposite direction of the stress rotation.
975:
794:
Mornieux, G.; Stapelfeldt, B.; Gollhofer, A.; Belli, A. (17 April 2008). "Effects of Pedal Type and Pull-Up Action during
Cycling".
646:
119:
452:
1098:
1070:
706:
568:
1130:
547:
57:
53:
100:
1074:
431:
72:
714:
1171:
1106:
774:""What are Clipless Pedal Platform Adapters?": Featuring '3' Types and Easy Snap-On Techniques - cyclingtrekinfo.com"
79:
195:
Just as bicycles come in many varieties, there are different types of pedals to support different types of cycling.
1310:
242:
46:
386:
309:
168:
that threads into the end of the crank, and a body on which the foot rest is attached, that is free to rotate on
434:, introduced a magnetic pedal and dedicated shoe for casual riding in 2009. Others have received mixed reviews.
734:
86:
1007:
1164:
540:
320:
1509:
1377:
1218:
479:
68:
1187:
753:
175:
Pedals were initially attached to cranks connecting directly to the driven (usually front) wheel. The
1300:
916:
169:
947:
148:
that the rider pushes with their foot to propel the vehicle. It provides the connection between the
1332:
1208:
1258:
331:
203:
1248:
862:
811:
518:
773:
1203:
870:
827:
819:
642:
888:
681:
253:
the foot of the victim. However, fixed gear riders have started using fabric straps instead.
1473:
1453:
1443:
1037:
854:
803:
510:
459:
246:
305:
179:, as it is known today, came into being when the pedals were attached to a crank driving a
93:
1514:
1488:
1448:
1428:
760:
741:
443:
366:
227:
132:
1483:
1413:
1238:
1233:
370:
358:
324:
176:
161:
499:
to match a threaded hole at the outboard end of the cranks. Multi-piece cranks have a
1503:
1433:
1392:
1328:
1267:
1195:
635:
532:
219:. They were often marketed as being more aerodynamic than conventional quill pedals.
216:
948:"Magnetic non-positive connection between a bicycle pedal and the shoe of a cyclist"
1418:
1382:
1285:
1275:
1223:
1062:
578:
551:(counterclockwise) because of friction, and thus would loosen a right-hand thread.
496:
344:
340:
184:
153:
1134:
392:
1032:
1478:
1423:
1387:
1337:
991:
EZ-Ride Evolve pedals are fantastic if you consider what they're designed to do.
362:
35:
377:
1468:
1347:
1290:
710:
611:
874:
866:
823:
815:
1463:
1438:
1356:
1213:
1066:
932:
Exus Mag Flux Road 1996, Taiwan, Foot is secured by a powerful earth magnet
831:
807:
421:
335:
Eggbeater pedal with cleat from
Crankbrothers, designed for mountain bikes
1361:
1351:
1323:
1243:
1228:
917:"Bicycle Pedal History Museum, Clipless Road Pedal Gallery and Time Line"
858:
573:
514:
180:
157:
17:
1458:
1397:
1295:
1102:
583:
555:
521:
combination fairly unique to this application). One-piece cranks use a
349:
275:
164:
spindle and propel the bicycle's wheels. A pedal usually consists of a
149:
145:
285:
27:
Bicycle part which the rider pushes with their foot to turn the wheels
1342:
354:
265:
Bicycle pedal, quill road type, with toe clip and toe strap (1970s)
1280:
420:
391:
376:
330:
319:
304:
284:
279:
260:
202:
131:
385:
The next major development in clipless pedals was
Shimano's SPD (
1156:
165:
1160:
531:-inch (12.7 mm) by 20 TPI hole. French pedal spindles use
231:
29:
339:
Clipless pedals (also clip-in or step-in) require a special
270:
against the platform formed by the parallel cage plates.
183:
that transmitted power to the driven wheel by means of a
1019:
I'm not going to beat around the bush, these pedals suck
637:
Bike touring: the Sierra Club guide to outings on wheels
889:"Bicycle Pedal History Museum, Bicycle Pedal Timeline"
249:
have been made from exotic metals such as magnesium.
1406:
1370:
1309:
1266:
1194:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
904:1897: Tudor invents first magnetic clipless pedal.
634:
473:Folding pedal on a standard bicycle, unfolded...
396:Xpedo M-FORCE 4 TI pedals with six-degree float
1103:"Sheldon Brown's Bicycle Glossary: Precession"
1172:
8:
1006:. MtnBikeRiders. Nov 5, 2009. Archived from
950:. World Intellectual Property Organization.
744:, Livestrong. Retrieved on August 17, 2013.
735:"The advantages of clipless cycling pedals"
1179:
1165:
1157:
1033:"Magnetic Bike Pedals Work With Any Shoes"
754:"Why You Should Switch to Clipless Pedals"
670:(5). Inside Communications, Inc.: 60 2007.
605:
603:
601:
599:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
796:International Journal of Sports Medicine
763:, Gizmodo. Retrieved on August 17, 2013.
942:
940:
595:
448:
717:from the original on 10 September 2007
223:bindings attach to compatible pedals.
1031:Charlie Sorrel (September 24, 2009).
1004:"ProTonLocks Magnetic Pedals: Review"
711:"Bicycle Glossary Da-Do: Death Cleat"
554:For a short time in the early 1980s,
446:often have pedals that fold as well.
7:
976:"Mavic EZ-Ride Evolve pedals review"
58:adding citations to reliable sources
509:-inch (14.29 mm) hole with 20
682:"The History of the Bicycle Pedal"
610:Sampson, Eric A. (28 March 1989).
25:
688:from the original on 19 June 2006
662:"Perfecting the Clipless Pedal".
1257:
478:
466:
451:
34:
1109:from the original on 2013-09-27
1077:from the original on 2012-09-05
982:from the original on 2012-07-12
954:from the original on 2016-03-07
923:from the original on 2009-12-20
895:from the original on 2006-06-19
847:Journal of Applied Biomechanics
45:needs additional citations for
546:Although the left pedal turns
1:
614:. United States Patent Office
361:applied downhill snow skiing
172:with respect to the spindle.
160:allowing the leg to turn the
136:Simple platform bicycle pedal
569:Animation of a bicycle pedal
1531:
612:"Integrated Bicycle Pedal"
1255:
978:. BikeRadar. 3 Sep 2009.
442:To maximize compactness,
387:Shimano Pedaling Dynamics
381:SPD Dual Choice with shoe
633:Bridge, Raymond (1979).
207:Wellgo DMR V8 Copy pedal
1131:"1982 Shimano Catalog"
808:10.1055/s-2008-1038374
426:
397:
382:
336:
328:
312:
290:
266:
208:
137:
641:. Sierra Club Books.
495:The pedal spindle is
424:
395:
380:
334:
323:
308:
289:Mikashima track pedal
288:
264:
206:
135:
1301:Quick release skewer
1010:on November 30, 2012
859:10.1123/jab.11.2.119
54:improve this article
1067:"Left Hand Threads"
458:Folding pedal on a
425:Davtus magnet pedal
1065:(April 28, 2004).
759:2017-09-09 at the
740:2016-12-19 at the
427:
398:
383:
337:
329:
313:
310:Shimano SPD system
291:
267:
209:
138:
1497:
1496:
919:. Speedplay Inc.
891:. Speedplay Inc.
713:. Sheldon Brown.
405:Float and tension
199:Flat and platform
144:is the part of a
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
1522:
1261:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1158:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1133:. Archived from
1127:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1082:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1028:
1022:
1021:
1016:
1015:
1000:
994:
993:
988:
987:
972:
966:
965:
960:
959:
944:
935:
934:
929:
928:
913:
907:
906:
901:
900:
885:
879:
878:
842:
836:
835:
791:
785:
784:
782:
781:
770:
764:
751:
745:
732:
726:
725:
723:
722:
703:
697:
696:
694:
693:
678:
672:
671:
659:
653:
652:
640:
630:
624:
623:
621:
619:
607:
530:
529:
525:
508:
507:
503:
482:
470:
460:Brompton bicycle
455:
444:folding bicycles
247:downhill cycling
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
1530:
1529:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1489:Training wheels
1449:Luggage carrier
1402:
1366:
1305:
1262:
1253:
1190:
1185:
1155:
1150:
1149:
1140:
1138:
1129:
1128:
1124:
1112:
1110:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1080:
1078:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1043:
1041:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1013:
1011:
1002:
1001:
997:
985:
983:
974:
973:
969:
957:
955:
946:
945:
938:
926:
924:
915:
914:
910:
898:
896:
887:
886:
882:
844:
843:
839:
802:(10): 817–822.
793:
792:
788:
779:
777:
772:
771:
767:
761:Wayback Machine
752:
748:
742:Wayback Machine
733:
729:
720:
718:
705:
704:
700:
691:
689:
680:
679:
675:
661:
660:
656:
649:
632:
631:
627:
617:
615:
609:
608:
597:
592:
565:
527:
523:
522:
505:
501:
500:
493:
486:
483:
474:
471:
462:
456:
440:
419:
407:
367:Bernard Hinault
318:
316:Clipless pedals
259:
228:mountain biking
201:
193:
126:
115:
109:
106:
69:"Bicycle pedal"
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1528:
1526:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1502:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1326:
1321:
1315:
1313:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1272:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1256:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1239:Bottom bracket
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1200:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1176:
1169:
1161:
1154:
1153:External links
1151:
1148:
1147:
1122:
1090:
1054:
1023:
995:
967:
936:
908:
880:
853:(2): 119–141.
837:
786:
765:
746:
727:
707:Brown, Sheldon
698:
673:
654:
647:
625:
594:
593:
591:
588:
587:
586:
581:
576:
571:
564:
561:
492:
489:
488:
487:
484:
477:
475:
472:
465:
463:
457:
450:
439:
436:
418:
415:
406:
403:
371:Tour de France
369:'s victory in
317:
314:
258:
255:
200:
197:
192:
189:
177:safety bicycle
162:bottom bracket
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1527:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1510:Bicycle parts
1508:
1507:
1505:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1434:Cyclocomputer
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1188:Bicycle parts
1182:
1177:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1152:
1137:on 2008-05-25
1136:
1132:
1126:
1123:
1119:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1099:Sheldon Brown
1094:
1091:
1087:
1076:
1072:
1071:Sheldon Brown
1068:
1064:
1058:
1055:
1051:
1040:
1039:
1034:
1027:
1024:
1020:
1009:
1005:
999:
996:
992:
981:
977:
971:
968:
964:
953:
949:
943:
941:
937:
933:
922:
918:
912:
909:
905:
894:
890:
884:
881:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
841:
838:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
790:
787:
775:
769:
766:
762:
758:
755:
750:
747:
743:
739:
736:
731:
728:
716:
712:
708:
702:
699:
687:
683:
677:
674:
669:
665:
658:
655:
650:
648:9780871562500
644:
639:
638:
629:
626:
613:
606:
604:
602:
600:
596:
589:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
566:
562:
560:
557:
552:
549:
544:
542:
536:
534:
520:
516:
512:
498:
490:
485:...and folded
481:
476:
469:
464:
461:
454:
449:
447:
445:
437:
435:
433:
423:
417:Magnet pedals
416:
414:
411:
404:
402:
394:
390:
388:
379:
375:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
351:
346:
342:
333:
326:
322:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
287:
283:
281:
277:
271:
263:
256:
254:
250:
248:
244:
239:
235:
233:
229:
224:
220:
218:
217:track cycling
212:
205:
198:
196:
190:
188:
186:
182:
178:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
134:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
1383:Bowden cable
1318:
1286:Spoke nipple
1139:. Retrieved
1135:the original
1125:
1117:
1111:. Retrieved
1093:
1085:
1079:. Retrieved
1063:Jobst Brandt
1057:
1048:
1042:. Retrieved
1036:
1026:
1018:
1012:. Retrieved
1008:the original
998:
990:
984:. Retrieved
970:
962:
956:. Retrieved
931:
925:. Retrieved
911:
903:
897:. Retrieved
883:
850:
846:
840:
799:
795:
789:
778:. Retrieved
776:. 2023-07-26
768:
749:
730:
719:. Retrieved
701:
690:. Retrieved
676:
667:
663:
657:
636:
628:
616:. Retrieved
579:Cycling shoe
553:
545:
537:
494:
441:
428:
409:
408:
399:
384:
341:cycling shoe
338:
300:
296:
292:
272:
268:
251:
240:
236:
225:
221:
213:
210:
194:
185:roller chain
174:
141:
139:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1479:Skirt guard
1424:Bottle cage
1407:Peripherals
1388:Cable guide
1338:Master link
327:road pedals
152:'s foot or
1504:Categories
1474:Reflectors
1469:Spoke card
1348:Derailleur
1311:Drivetrain
1291:Valve stem
1249:Suspension
1204:Handlebars
1141:2008-03-04
1113:2012-11-13
1081:2012-11-13
1044:2012-07-23
1014:2012-07-23
986:2012-07-23
958:2012-07-23
927:2010-04-12
899:2010-04-12
780:2023-07-26
721:2007-08-30
692:2006-05-28
590:References
541:precession
533:M14 × 1.25
491:Attachment
230:(MTB) and
80:newspapers
1464:Saddlebag
1454:Mudguards
1439:Kickstand
1357:Gear case
1352:Hub gears
1214:Head tube
875:1065-8483
867:1543-2688
824:0172-4622
816:1439-3964
664:Velo News
548:clockwise
1459:Panniers
1444:Lighting
1362:Sprocket
1324:Crankset
1244:Fork end
1229:Seatpost
1107:Archived
1075:Archived
1050:locking.
980:Archived
952:Archived
921:Archived
893:Archived
832:18418807
757:Archived
738:Archived
715:Archived
686:Archived
574:Crankset
563:See also
515:diameter
497:threaded
357:company
243:freeride
181:sprocket
170:bearings
156:and the
110:May 2011
18:Pedaling
1429:Fairing
1398:Ferrule
1378:Shifter
1371:Cabling
1296:Dustcap
1219:Headset
584:Treadle
556:Shimano
526:⁄
504:⁄
438:Folding
363:binding
350:Cinelli
343:with a
276:leather
166:spindle
150:cyclist
146:bicycle
94:scholar
1515:Pedals
1484:Fender
1414:Basket
1343:Cogset
1268:Wheels
1234:Saddle
873:
865:
830:
822:
814:
645:
355:French
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1393:Brake
1329:Chain
1319:Pedal
1281:Spoke
1196:Frame
1038:Wired
863:eISSN
812:eISSN
618:5 May
519:pitch
432:Mavic
410:Float
345:cleat
280:nylon
257:Quill
191:Types
158:crank
142:pedal
101:JSTOR
87:books
1419:Bell
1333:Belt
1276:Tire
1224:Fork
1209:Stem
871:ISSN
828:PMID
820:ISSN
643:ISBN
620:2011
359:Look
325:LOOK
245:and
215:for
154:shoe
140:The
73:news
855:doi
804:doi
513:(a
511:TPI
278:or
232:BMX
226:In
56:by
1506::
1116:.
1105:.
1101:.
1084:.
1073:.
1069:.
1047:.
1035:.
1017:.
989:.
961:.
939:^
930:.
902:.
869:.
861:.
851:11
849:.
826:.
818:.
810:.
800:29
798:.
709:.
684:.
668:36
666:.
598:^
543:.
506:16
282:.
187:.
1350:/
1331:/
1180:e
1173:t
1166:v
1144:.
877:.
857::
834:.
806::
783:.
724:.
695:.
651:.
622:.
528:2
524:1
517:/
502:9
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
