127:. To create the overlay, a glass blower makes the shape, then dips the shape into a basin of liquid glass several times. This process creates multiple layers of glass that are then carved away to produce a textured image. Peking glass is often made with different colored layers of glass, creating contrast when the outer layers are carved away. Historically, many pieces of Peking glass were made with yellow glass (dubbed "Imperial Yellow") due to the colors' strong association with the Qing Imperial clan of
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and other precious stones. Eventually, the process of creating Peking glass was spread outside of the imperial glass-works and into the general population, leading to many artisans adopting Peking glass as a medium. The golden age of Peking glass in China is widely cited as being the reign of the
78:. While China had long been a major producer of glassware, the introduction of European technologies to Asia in the 17th century caused a shift in the styles of Chinese glass makers. The principle couriers of these technologies were Jesuit missionaries, who introduced modern
66:(then romanized as "Peking" in European writings). Originally used in the fabrication of glass snuff bottles, Peking glass has since been appropriated for a number of uses and continues to be produced in China.
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to establish an
Imperial glass-works in 1696 to better produce the new material. The glass was commonly used in snuff bottles and vases, where it was used to imitate the harder to work
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in the mid-18th century. Though the art-form declined after the 19th century, the production of Peking glass continued in China through the
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Liu, Lihong (1 January 2016). "Vitreous Views: Materiality and
Mediality of Glass in Qing China through a Transcultural Prism".
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to China, which was at the time closed to the West. The advances spurred by the
Jesuits led the
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Image of the brim of the vase above. The layers of glass that form the vase can be seen.
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period. The color is named "Imperial Yellow" in reference to the banner of the
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Peking glass originated in 18th century China during the rule of the
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58:, is a form of Chinese glassware that originated in 18th century
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255:"Chinese Porcelain Glossary: Glass, Chinese (Peking Glass)"
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Watt, James C. Y.; Sun, Zhixin Jason (2001). "Asian Art".
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created by layering material around a core, similar to
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143:produced imitation Peking glass beads for use as
25:A Peking glass vase with lotus pattern from the
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8:
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646:Pauly & C. - Compagnia Venezia Murano
139:In the late 19th century, glass-works in
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220:The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin
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198:"ANTIQUES; Chinese Glass As Stepchild"
769:List of defunct glassmaking companies
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103:period and into the present day.
1:
706:Sterlite Optical Technologies
556:Kokomo Opalescent Glass Works
323:"What is Czech Peking Glass?"
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496:Firozabad glass industry
491:Fenton Art Glass Company
800:Irving Wightman Colburn
381:Glass makers and brands
173:www.scanlanfinearts.com
281:Getty Research Journal
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865:Henry William Stiegel
596:Mats Jonasson Målerås
536:Holmegaard Glassworks
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840:Michael Joseph Owens
416:Aurora Glass Foundry
169:"About Peking Glass"
121:overlay carved glass
928:Bomex/Duran/Endural
845:Alastair Pilkington
521:Guardian Industries
426:Barovier & Toso
253:Nilsson, Jan-Erik.
119:Peking glass is an
790:Richard M. Atwater
611:Nippon Sheet Glass
551:Kingdom of Crystal
471:Dartington Crystal
333:on 31 January 2016
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885:Tomasz Urbanowicz
875:Lino Tagliapietra
870:S. Donald Stookey
721:Val Saint Lambert
616:Nižbor glassworks
531:Hardman & Co.
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825:Edward D. Libbey
795:Frederick Carder
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329:. Archived from
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40:, also known as
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135:Outside China
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56:Tao Liao Ping
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18:Type of glass
16:
1007:
938:Chevron bead
890:Paolo Venini
835:Antonio Neri
815:A. H. Heisey
726:Vallérysthal
686:Saint-Gobain
606:Mosser Glass
436:Blenko Glass
406:Ardagh Group
401:Arc Holdings
347:
335:. Retrieved
331:the original
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317:
284:
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274:
262:. Retrieved
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226:(1): 25–27.
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201:. Retrieved
176:. Retrieved
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80:glass-making
76:Qing dynasty
73:
55:
48:
41:
38:Peking glass
37:
36:
31:Qing dynasty
15:
1094:Chinese art
963:Dragontrail
948:CorningWare
860:Otto Schott
850:Flavio Poli
778:Glassmakers
746:Xinyi Glass
691:Saint-Louis
601:Moser Glass
501:Franz Mayer
129:Aisin Gioro
125:cameo glass
1083:Categories
993:Millefiori
911:and brands
909:Trademarks
785:John Adams
656:Pilkington
561:Kosta Boda
151:References
101:Republican
1089:Glass art
1058:Waterford
1048:Vitrolite
1023:Ravenhead
973:Fire-King
958:Cristallo
953:Cranberry
810:Friedrich
762:companies
731:Waterford
716:Swarovski
651:Phu Phong
621:O-I Glass
541:Holophane
516:Glaverbel
466:Crystalex
389:companies
309:191714213
301:1944-8740
287:: 17–38.
923:Bohemian
855:Salviati
666:Preciosa
631:Orrefors
526:Hadeland
421:Baccarat
107:Creation
50:Qianlong
27:Daoguang
1099:Etching
1068:Zerodur
1043:Vitrite
1038:Visions
1033:Tiffany
1003:Opaline
983:Gorilla
968:Favrile
943:Corelle
933:Burmese
760:Defunct
751:Zwiesel
711:Steuben
581:Luoyang
576:Iittala
486:Fanavid
481:Duralex
461:Corning
451:Borosil
387:Current
240:3269166
70:History
60:Beijing
1063:Wood's
1008:Peking
998:Murano
978:Forest
701:Schott
696:Seguso
671:Riedel
591:Mannok
566:Libbey
337:3 July
307:
299:
264:6 June
238:
203:6 June
178:6 June
43:Kangxi
1053:Vycor
1013:Pyrex
988:Macor
918:Activ
636:Osram
626:Ohara
511:Glava
506:Fuyao
441:Bodum
411:Asahi
305:S2CID
236:JSTOR
84:Italy
64:China
52:Glass
45:Glass
1018:Rona
676:Rona
546:Hoya
476:Daum
339:2017
297:ISSN
266:2017
205:2017
180:2017
92:jade
289:doi
228:doi
54:or
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230::
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182:.
33:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
